水污染 英文版
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Refineries 精炼厂 release dyes, oils, acids 盐水, sulfur compounds, and other wastes.
Chemicals plants produce a variety of waste materials.
.
Oil spills
Oil spills from tankers at sea or leaks from underground storage tanks on land are very difficult to control
There are two sorts of sources, point and nonpoint sources. Point sources discharge pollutants at specific locations through pipelines or sewers 下水 道into the surface water. Nonpoint sources 非点(污 染)源are sources that cannot be traced to a single site of discharge.
Example: Chrome plating on bumpers, grills, and ornaments is a source of pollution
.
Pollutants from various industries
The textile industry dumps conditioners, dyes, bleaches, and water effluents containing oils, dirt, and other organic debris.
The pollutants include grit, asbestos石棉, phosphates and nitrates, mercury, lead, caustic soda and other sodium compounds, sulfur and sulfuric acid, oils, and petrochemicals.
The negative ions (anions) are usually sulfate (SO42-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and chloride (Cl-).
.
hard water
Water containing these calcium, magnesium, and iron ions is called hard water.
tankers which can get damaged and spew out
crude oil over the land
.Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Oil spills are very difficult to control as oil tends to spread very fast, affecting a large area in a very short time.
Domestic sewage contains a wide variety of dissolved and suspended impurities: a. organic materials-food and vegetable waste b. plant nutrients- chemical soaps, washing powders c. disease-causing microbes微生物
Oil spills at sea decrease the oxygen level in the water and cause grave harm to the creatures living in the sea.
On land crude is transported through pipelines or
Effects of water pollution include poisonous drinking water, poisonous food animals, unbalanced river and lake ecosystems, deforestation and many other effects
The positive ions react with the negative ions in soap to form a scum that clings to clothes and leaves them dingy looking.
.
Water pollution
Water pollution is any chemical, physical or biological change in the quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living thing
Meat-packing plants dump blood, the contents of entrails 内脏, and other animal wastes.
Other food-processing plants discharge fruit and vegetable skins, seeds, leaves, stems, and other vegetable wastes.
Water pollution
.
Water is Essential for Life
It covers 71% of the earth's surface and makes up 65 % of our bodies.
Without the seemingly invaluable compound comprised of hydrogen and oxygen, life on Earth would be nonexistent
.
Agricultural Run off
Fertilizers: nitrate , phosphates Pesticides: phenol, chlorine diphenyl Eutrophication富营养作用: nutrients
artificially supplemented results in an abnormal increase in the growth of water plants
.
Water pollution
Water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.
.
Natural Water Isn’t All H2O
Rainwater carries dust particles from the atmosphere to the ground. Rainwater also dissolves a little oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide as it falls through the atmosphere. During electrical storms, lightning causes nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor to combine to form nitric acid.
.
Household Chemicals
Example: substances used for houses clean: Soap and synthetic detergents Wax Paints and paint removers Bleaches Disinfectants消毒剂 Polishes
.
As water moves along or beneath the surface of the Earth, it dissolves minerals and matter from decaying plants and animals.
The principal positive ions (cations) in natural water are sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and sometimes iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+).
.
Water: Unusual Properties
Many chemical substances are soluble in water. Thus, they are easily dispersed and eventually are scattered to nearly infinite dilution in the ocean. Those properties of water that make it uniquely suited for the support of life also make it easy to pollute.
.
Sources of water pollution
Factories Agriculture Transportation Household
.
Domestic sewage
Domestic sewage refers to waste water that is discarded from households. Also referred to as sanitary sewage.
.
Industrial Pollution
Industrial effluent of many kinds of waste, is discharged into streams, lakes, or oceans, which in turn disperse the polluting substances.
.
Sources of water pollution
The used water of a community is called wastewater, or sewage. If it is not treated before being discharged into waterways, serious pollution is the result.
Water pollution caused by human activities is a large set of adverse effects upon water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater
Pollutants in water include a wide of chemicals, pathogens 病原体, and physical chemistry or sensory changes.
.
Three fourths of the surface of the Earth is covered with water. Nearly 98% of the water on Earth, though, is seawater-unfit for drinking and not even suitable for most industrial purposes. Something less than 2% of the water is frozen in the polar ice caps, leaving less than 1% available as fresh water.
Chemicals plants produce a variety of waste materials.
.
Oil spills
Oil spills from tankers at sea or leaks from underground storage tanks on land are very difficult to control
There are two sorts of sources, point and nonpoint sources. Point sources discharge pollutants at specific locations through pipelines or sewers 下水 道into the surface water. Nonpoint sources 非点(污 染)源are sources that cannot be traced to a single site of discharge.
Example: Chrome plating on bumpers, grills, and ornaments is a source of pollution
.
Pollutants from various industries
The textile industry dumps conditioners, dyes, bleaches, and water effluents containing oils, dirt, and other organic debris.
The pollutants include grit, asbestos石棉, phosphates and nitrates, mercury, lead, caustic soda and other sodium compounds, sulfur and sulfuric acid, oils, and petrochemicals.
The negative ions (anions) are usually sulfate (SO42-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), and chloride (Cl-).
.
hard water
Water containing these calcium, magnesium, and iron ions is called hard water.
tankers which can get damaged and spew out
crude oil over the land
.Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
Oil spills are very difficult to control as oil tends to spread very fast, affecting a large area in a very short time.
Domestic sewage contains a wide variety of dissolved and suspended impurities: a. organic materials-food and vegetable waste b. plant nutrients- chemical soaps, washing powders c. disease-causing microbes微生物
Oil spills at sea decrease the oxygen level in the water and cause grave harm to the creatures living in the sea.
On land crude is transported through pipelines or
Effects of water pollution include poisonous drinking water, poisonous food animals, unbalanced river and lake ecosystems, deforestation and many other effects
The positive ions react with the negative ions in soap to form a scum that clings to clothes and leaves them dingy looking.
.
Water pollution
Water pollution is any chemical, physical or biological change in the quality of water that has a harmful effect on any living thing
Meat-packing plants dump blood, the contents of entrails 内脏, and other animal wastes.
Other food-processing plants discharge fruit and vegetable skins, seeds, leaves, stems, and other vegetable wastes.
Water pollution
.
Water is Essential for Life
It covers 71% of the earth's surface and makes up 65 % of our bodies.
Without the seemingly invaluable compound comprised of hydrogen and oxygen, life on Earth would be nonexistent
.
Agricultural Run off
Fertilizers: nitrate , phosphates Pesticides: phenol, chlorine diphenyl Eutrophication富营养作用: nutrients
artificially supplemented results in an abnormal increase in the growth of water plants
.
Water pollution
Water pollution is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily.
.
Natural Water Isn’t All H2O
Rainwater carries dust particles from the atmosphere to the ground. Rainwater also dissolves a little oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide as it falls through the atmosphere. During electrical storms, lightning causes nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor to combine to form nitric acid.
.
Household Chemicals
Example: substances used for houses clean: Soap and synthetic detergents Wax Paints and paint removers Bleaches Disinfectants消毒剂 Polishes
.
As water moves along or beneath the surface of the Earth, it dissolves minerals and matter from decaying plants and animals.
The principal positive ions (cations) in natural water are sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), and sometimes iron (Fe2+ or Fe3+).
.
Water: Unusual Properties
Many chemical substances are soluble in water. Thus, they are easily dispersed and eventually are scattered to nearly infinite dilution in the ocean. Those properties of water that make it uniquely suited for the support of life also make it easy to pollute.
.
Sources of water pollution
Factories Agriculture Transportation Household
.
Domestic sewage
Domestic sewage refers to waste water that is discarded from households. Also referred to as sanitary sewage.
.
Industrial Pollution
Industrial effluent of many kinds of waste, is discharged into streams, lakes, or oceans, which in turn disperse the polluting substances.
.
Sources of water pollution
The used water of a community is called wastewater, or sewage. If it is not treated before being discharged into waterways, serious pollution is the result.
Water pollution caused by human activities is a large set of adverse effects upon water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater
Pollutants in water include a wide of chemicals, pathogens 病原体, and physical chemistry or sensory changes.
.
Three fourths of the surface of the Earth is covered with water. Nearly 98% of the water on Earth, though, is seawater-unfit for drinking and not even suitable for most industrial purposes. Something less than 2% of the water is frozen in the polar ice caps, leaving less than 1% available as fresh water.