初中英语语法复习：被动语态(含练习和答案)

被动语态

英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如：

Many people speak English . (主动语态)

English is spoken by many people. (被动语态)

第一节被动语态的用法和构成

看一看：观察下面句子，你能否总结被动语态的构成。相信你，你能行！

1.These books are written especially for children. 这些书是专门为孩子们写的。

2.The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被打破了。

3.The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。

4.This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。

5.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。

6.This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。

7.Trees are being planted by the women.

8.They shouldn’t have been told about it. 这事是不应当告诉他们的。

学一学：我们现在来学被动语态的用法和构成。

1.被动语态的用法

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如:Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。

This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成.

2.被动语态的构成

被动语态由"助动词be +及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。

助动词be来反映时态的变化，常见有以下八种形式：

一般现在

时am

+过去分词is

are

一般过去

时was

+过去分词were

一般将来

时will

+be+过去分词shall

现在完成have +been+过去分词

⑵ 情态动词 +（not ）+ be +（及物动词的）过去分词

can +be+过去分词

May must

练一练:到你巩固所学知识的时间了,相信你会学得越来越好,加油! ( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English ____ in Canada.

A. speaks

B. are spoken

C. is speaking

D. is spoken ( )3 This English song___ by the girls after class.

A. often sings

B. often sang

C. is often sang

D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car ___ in Japan.

A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers ___ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used ( ) 6 Our room must ___ clean.

A. keep

B. be kept

C. to be kept

D. to keep ( ) 7 -I'd like to buy that coat.

-I'm sorry. ___. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold

( )8 A new house ___ at the corner of the road.

A. is building

B. is being built

C. been built

D. be building ( ) 9 The key ___ on the table when I leave.

A. was left

B. will be left

C. is left

D. has been left ( ) 10 Doctors ___ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( )11 His new book___ next month.

A.will be published

B. is publishing

C. is being published

D. has been published ( ) 12 Japanese ___ in every country.

A. is not spoken

B. are spoken

C. is speaking

D. is not speaking ( ) 13 These papers___yet.

A.have not written

B. have not been written

C. has not written

D. has not been written ( ) 14 The sports meet ___ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't ( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.

时 has

现在进行时 am +being+过去分词

is are 过去进行时 was +过去分词 were 过去将来时 would +be+过去分词 should 过去完成时

had

+been+过去分词