陈新仁《英语语言学实用教程》【章节题库】9-14章【圣才出品】

第9章英语语言的应用（Ⅱ）

Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.

1.H.P.Grice believes that there is a set of assumptions guiding the conduct of conversation.This is what he calls the Cooperative Principle.According to the maximum of_____,do not say what you believe to be false or for which you lack evidence.In other words,speak truthfully;do not lie.

【答案】quality

【解析】合作原则中质量准则内容：不要说自知是不真实的话；不要说缺乏足够证据的话。

2.In the light of the_____principle,four maxims are specified.They are the maxim of quantity,maxim of_____,maxim of_____and the maxim of_____.（人民大学2005年、吉林大学2004年研）

【答案】cooperative;quality;relation;manner

【解析】考查合作原则及四条次则：数量准则、质量准则、关联准则、方式准则。

3.Y’s utterance in the following conversation exchange violates the maxim of _____.

X:Who was that you were with last night?

Y:Did you know that you were wearing odd socks?

【答案】relation

【解析】很显然Y的回答与X的问题“你昨晚跟谁在一起？”无关。

4.There has been a maxim in_____which claims that“You are what you say”.（中山大学2008研）

【答案】quantity

【解析】格莱斯的数量准则指1.使你的话语如（交谈的当前目的）所要求的那样信息充分；

2.不要使你的话语比要求的信息更充分。即说你该说的。

5.The theory of conversational implicature was proposed by_____.（中山大学2008研）

【答案】Grice

【解析】格莱斯认为一定存在一些管理话语产生和理解的机制。他把这种机制称为合作原则，在这个大原则下有四条准则，它们分别为数量、质量、关系和方式准则。

6.In making conversation,the general principle that all participants are expected to observe is called the_____principle proposed by Grice.

【答案】cooperative

【解析】通常在对话中，所有的参与者都被希望能够遵守由格莱斯提出的合作原则，这样就不会有会话含义的产生。

Ⅱ.Multiple Choices.

1.A:What do you think of James?

B:A fine day,isn’t it?

In the dialogue,B’s answer flouts which of the four maxims of CP?

A.The maxim of quality.

B.The maxim of quantity.

C.The maxim of mariner.

D.The maxim of relation.

【答案】D

【解析】根据关联准则，说话要贴切。本题对话中B选项的回答显然是答非所问，违反了上述的关联准则。因此，本题的正确答案为D。

2.How many maxims are under Grice’s CP?

A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.

【答案】C

【解析】美国哲学家Grice提出会话的合作原则具体体现为：数量准则、质量准则、关联准则、方式准则。因此，本题的正确答案为C。

3.Which of the following is NOT one of the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle?（对外经贸大学2006研)

A.the maxim of quantity

B.the maxim of quality

C.the maxim of manner

D.the maxim of strength

【答案】D

【解析】格莱斯的合作原则有四条准则，它们分别为数量、质量、关系和方式准则。

4._____covers the study of language use in relation to context,and in particular the study of linguistic communication.

A.Semantics

B.Pragmatics

C.Sociolinguistics

D.Stylistics

【答案】B

【解析】pragmatics不同于semantics，因为对这种意义的理解要依赖于说话人，听话人，以及谈话的时间和地点等因素。

Ⅲ.True or False.

1.A speaker flouts the Maxim of Quantity when his contributions to the conversation are not truthful.（对外经济贸易大学2005研）

【答案】F

【解析】违背了质量原则。

2.The co-operative principle was proposed by Grice.（南开大学2004研）