英语论文中summary的写法
summary用法
summary用法Summary是一个常用的英语单词，它的主要用途是总结或概括一段较长的文本内容。
在本文中，我们将探讨Summary的不同用法，以及如何正确使用它来提炼文章的核心思想。
一、Summary的定义和用法在字典中，Summary被定义为对文本或事件进行简洁、准确的总结或概述。
在各种写作场景中，我们常常需要用Summary来对长篇文章、新闻报道、研究论文等进行概括，以便更好地传达主要信息。
二、Summary的重要性通过撰写一个精确的Summary，读者可以更快地获取到文章的核心内容，同时节省时间和精力。
一个好的Summary应当包含文章的主旨、重要论点和关键细节，帮助读者快速了解作者的观点和意图。
三、Summary的书写格式在书写Summary时，可以采用以下格式：1. 第一句话概括文章主题和目的。
- （例如）本文旨在探讨Summary的用法和重要性。
2. 紧接着，提供文章的背景或重要背景信息。
- （例如）在写作中，Summary常常用于概括长篇文章或学术论文的主要内容，使读者更容易理解和掌握文章的要点。
3. 接下来，列举出主要观点或论据，并给出支持这些观点或论据的关键细节。
- （例如）一个好的Summary应当包含文章的主旨、重要论点和关键细节，帮助读者快速了解作者的观点和意图。
4. 最后，用简洁明了的语言总结全文，并以提供进一步了解的方式作为结尾。
- （例如）通过撰写一个精确的Summary，读者可以更快地获取到文章的核心内容，同时节省时间和精力。
四、Summary的注意事项在撰写Summary时，需要注意以下几点：1. 准确性：Summary应当准确地反映原文中的观点和主要内容，避免偏颇或误导。
2. 精炼性：Summary的长度通常应当简洁明了，避免冗长或啰嗦的语言。
3. 客观性：Summary应当保持客观中立的立场，避免引入个人主观评价或情感色彩。
4. 语言简明：使用简单、易懂的词汇和语句结构，使Summary更易于阅读和理解。
英国论文中Summary写作八步骤
英国论文中Summary写作八步骤S u m m a r y，就是概述、摘要，是英文论文中必不可少的一部分。
S u m m a r y以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不加主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。
那么英国论文中的S u m m a r y该怎么写呢？下面就给大家讲解一下S u m m a r y的写作步骤。
首先，大概浏览一下文章，然后分段。
重点关注文章里的标题、副标题、粗体字等，确定这些东西你都能看懂。
准备好了，就开始按段阅读吧。
从头到尾读一遍。
这遍阅读即便遇到了问题也不需要停下来去查——只要好好感受作者的语气，风格和主要思想就好啦。
再读文章的时候要进行主动阅读。
把主题句、关键句、对你写s u m m a r y有参考作用的部分都标出来。
有些部分需另作标记，这是为了提醒你不要用这部分的——即便描写的很精彩——但太过于具体，就不要写进你的摘要里。
对于你没太读明白的部分，同样标出来，之后试着弄清楚。
到目前为止，你对将要进行摘要写作的文章有了深刻的理解。
在前三步中，你做了分段，也明确了作者的写作意图。
现在你要把每个分段的中心思想都用一句整话写出来。
要记住，句子里只要关键点，而非细节描述。
对于任何一篇高质量的摘要来说，写好主旨句是关键。
可以从中得出整篇文章要表达的主旨。
如果你无法得出文章主旨，那就需要翻回头再好好读一下你的句子，看看你写的内容是不是针对文章要点而写的。
可以把主旨句作为摘要的引导句引出文章，其他句子当作摘要的内容。
记得这些句子要按顺序写作，句与句之间加些过渡词（例如然后，然而，并且，而且等）。
过渡词对摘要的总体结构有一定的帮助作用，也让文章读起来更通顺流畅。
动笔之前（或打字之前哈），牢记以下几点：•用现在时写作。
•摘要里要写原作者和作品名称。
•力求简洁：S u m m a r y是有数字要求的，一般是文章字数的20～25%左右。
•如果必须用到原文，需要引用表述。
•摘要忌有自己的观点、想法、解释。
10篇英语summary范文
10篇英语summary范文1. A Summary of "The Great Gatsby""The Great Gatsby" is a classic novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, set in the 1920s during the Roaring Twenties. The story is narrated by Nick Carraway, a young man from a wealthy family who moves to West Egg, a wealthy suburb of New York City. He becomes neighbors with the enigmatic Jay Gatsby, a mysterious millionaire known for his lavish parties. As Nick becomes more involved in Gatsby's life, he learns about Gatsby's obsession with his lost love, Daisy Buchanan, and his efforts to win her back.The novel explores themes of love, wealth, and the American Dream. Gatsby's relentless pursuit of Daisy and his extravagant lifestyle reflect the superficiality and materialism of the era. The characters' moral decay and disillusionment serve as a critique of the Jazz Age. The tragic ending of the novel, with Gatsby's death and the disillusionment of the characters, highlights the emptiness of the American Dream and the hollowness of the pursuit of wealth and status.2. A Summary of "To Kill a Mockingbird""To Kill a Mockingbird" is a novel written by Harper Lee, set in the 1930s in the fictional town of Maycomb, Alabama. The story is narrated by Scout Finch, a young girl who grows up with her brother Jem and their father, Atticus Finch. The novel explores themes of racism, injustice, and morality through the trial of Tom Robinson, a black man falsely accused of raping a white woman.Atticus, a lawyer, defends Tom Robinson in court, despite facing backlash and prejudice from the townspeople. Through the trial, the novel exposes the deep-seated racism and prejudice in the town, as well as the courage and integrity of Atticus in standing up for what is right. The novel also addresses the loss of innocence and the coming-of-age of Scout and Jem as they witness the harsh realities of the world around them.3. A Summary of "1984""1984" is a dystopian novel written by George Orwell, set in a totalitarian society ruled by the Party and its leader, Big Brother. The story follows the protagonist, Winston Smith, as he rebels against the oppressive regime and seeks truth and freedom. The novel exploresthemes of surveillance, propaganda, and the power of language.In the world of "1984," the Party controls every aspect of people's lives, using surveillance and propaganda to maintain its grip on power. Winston, disillusioned with the Party's lies and oppression, begins a secret love affair with Julia, a fellow rebel. As they seek to defy the Party and find a sense of individuality and truth, they are eventually captured and tortured by the Thought Police.The novel serves as a warning against the dangers of totalitarianism and the erosion of individual freedom. It also highlights the manipulation of truth and language by those in power, as well as the resilience of the human spirit in the face of oppression.4. A Summary of "Pride and Prejudice""Pride and Prejudice" is a novel written by Jane Austen, set in 19th century England. The story follows the romantic entanglements of the Bennet sisters, particularly Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy. The novel explores themes of love, marriage, and social class.The main plot revolves around the developing relationship betweenElizabeth and Mr. Darcy, which is initially hindered by their pride and prejudice towards each other. As they navigate the obstacles of misunderstandings and societal expectations, they ultimately overcome their differences and find true love. The novel also delves into the lives of the other Bennet sisters and their pursuit of marriage and happiness.Through its witty social commentary and engaging characters, "Pride and Prejudice" offers a nuanced portrayal of the societal norms and expectations of the time. It critiques the superficiality and materialism of the upper class, while also celebrating the power of love and individual agency in shaping one's destiny.5. A Summary of "The Catcher in the Rye""The Catcher in the Rye" is a novel written by J.D. Salinger, narrated by the teenage protagonist, Holden Caulfield. The story follows Holden's experiences after being expelled from his prep school and his aimless wandering around New York City. The novel explores themes of adolescence, alienation, and the search for authenticity.Holden is disillusioned with the phoniness and hypocrisy of the adultworld, and he struggles to find his place in society. As he encounters various people and situations, he grapples with his own identity and the complexities of growing up. The novel also delves into the loss of innocence and the pain of Holden's past, as he grapples with the death of his younger brother, Allie."The Catcher in the Rye" is celebrated for its authentic portrayal of teenage angst and rebellion. It captures the universal experience of coming-of-age and the challenges of navigating the transition from adolescence to adulthood. Holden's candid and introspective voice resonates with readers, making the novel a timeless classic.6. A Summary of "The Old Man and the Sea""The Old Man and the Sea" is a novella written by Ernest Hemingway, set in Cuba. The story follows an aging fisherman, Santiago, as he embarks on a challenging fishing expedition in the Gulf Stream. The novella explores themes of perseverance, resilience, and the struggle against nature.Santiago, once a great fisherman, has fallen on hard times and struggles to catch fish. Despite his recent misfortune, he sets out ona journey to catch a giant marlin. The novella depicts his arduous battle with the marlin and the physical and emotional toll it takes on him. As he fights to bring the marlin back to shore, he faces numerous obstacles, including sharks that attack his catch."The Old Man and the Sea" is a timeless tale of human endurance and the indomitable spirit of man. Santiago's unwavering determination and courage in the face of adversity serve as a powerful metaphor for the human condition. The novella's poignant portrayal of the triumph of the human spirit has made it a classic in literature.7. A Summary of "Brave New World""Brave New World" is a dystopian novel written by Aldous Huxley, set in a futuristic society where technology and conditioning are used to control and manipulate people. The story follows the protagonist, Bernard Marx, as he rebels against the conformity and artificial happiness of the World State. The novel explores themes of individuality, freedom, and the dehumanizing effects of technology.In the World State, people are genetically engineered andconditioned to fit into predetermined social roles. They are kept docile and content through the use of pleasure-inducing drugs and mind control. Bernard, an outsider in this society, becomes disillusioned with the lack of genuine human connection and seeks to find meaning and authenticity in his life."Brave New World" serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of a society driven by technology and consumerism. It raises thought-provoking questions about the nature of happiness and the price of conformity. The novel's exploration of the tension between individuality and societal control continues to resonate with readers today.8. A Summary of "The Scarlet Letter""The Scarlet Letter" is a novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, set in 17th century Puritan New England. The story follows Hester Prynne, a woman who is publicly shamed and ostracized for committing adultery and bearing a child out of wedlock. The novel explores themes of sin, guilt, and redemption.Hester is forced to wear a scarlet letter "A" as a mark of her shame,and she struggles to rebuild her life in the face of judgment and condemnation. The novel also delves into the inner turmoil of the Reverend Dimmesdale, who is secretly the father of Hester's child and grapples with his guilt and hypocrisy. The character of Pearl, Hester's daughter, serves as a symbol of both sin and innocence."The Scarlet Letter" is a powerful exploration of the human condition and the complexities of morality. It delves into the consequences of societal judgment and the search for redemption and forgiveness. The novel's timeless themes and rich symbolism continue to captivate readers and provoke thought and reflection.9. A Summary of "The Outsiders""The Outsiders" is a novel written by S.E. Hinton, set in the 1960s in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The story follows the rivalry between two groups of teenagers, the Greasers and the Socs, and the struggles of the protagonist, Ponyboy Curtis, to find his place in the world. The novel explores themes of class conflict, identity, and the bonds of friendship.Ponyboy and his friends, including his brothers Sodapop and Darry,navigate the challenges of growing up in a tough neighborhood and facing prejudice and violence from the Socs. The novel delves into the dynamics of the Greaser gang and their loyalty to each other, as well as the complexities of their relationships with the Socs. Through the characters' experiences, the novel offers a poignant portrayal of the impact of social class on individual identity and relationships."The Outsiders" is celebrated for its authentic portrayal of teenage life and the universal struggles of adolescence. It addresses the themes of friendship, loyalty, and the search for belonging, resonating with readers of all ages. The novel's enduring relevance and powerful storytelling have solidified its status as a classic in young adult literature.10. A Summary of "Animal Farm""Animal Farm" is a novella written by George Orwell, serving as a satirical allegory of the Russian Revolution and the rise of totalitarianism. The story is set on a farm where the animals, led by the pigs, revolt against the oppressive human farmer and establish their own society based on the principles of equality and freedom. The novella explores themes of power, corruption, and themanipulation of language.Initially, the animals' rebellion leads to a utopian society where all animals are equal and free. However, the pigs, led by Napoleon, gradually seize power and establish a dictatorship, exploiting and oppressing the other animals. The novella depicts the pigs' manipulation of the principles of Animalism and their betrayal of the original ideals of the revolution."Animal Farm" serves as a powerful critique of the dangers of totalitarianism and the corruption of power. It also highlights the manipulation of language and propaganda to control and deceive the masses. The novella's timeless themes and allegorical storytelling continue to resonate with readers, offering a compelling commentary on the nature of political power and human nature.。
规范化的论文综述(Summary)的写法
“论文综述”(Summary)的写法“论文综述”（“Summary”）与写一篇正式的论文类似，包括论文的各个部分，具体包括以下部分：一、引言引言和正式文章一样，主要内容包括：1.文章重要性: 这篇文章为什么有意思。
2.其他文献做什么: 用一段文字写完，最多8句，3-7句（半页左右）3.本文做了什么: 文章的主要内容4.本文的组成: 例如：本文第二部分是文献综述，第三部是理论模型，第四部分是实证分析，第五部分是结论。
二、文献综述比写正式的论文短一点。
仔细阅读文章后，精炼文章的文献综述，将细节的描述进行总结，总结要条理分明。
例如：FDI的文献，要包括:最初开始的文献，每一阶段发展的总结，最近的文献内容。
每部分文献的研究方法和模型最后，要再次对文献进行总结，理清每类文献的重点。
最好有自己的观点或分析。
然后要重点强调最近的文献，特别是本文follow的文献，为下面分析打基础。
三、理论或实证这部分必须要有，理论论文和实证论文不同，具体如下：理论论文，要求有头有尾，头是假设，尾是结论，具体如下：1.假设条件：要提炼假设条件，清晰的表述假设条件2.模型使用：具体的模型是什么要写清楚，写清楚自己follow什么文献上的model。
中间的推导过程可以略掉，推导过程是文章中间被删的最多的地方。
3.文章的结论，也就是具体的推导的结果。
实证论文：1.数据来源2.实证模型3.实证结果：要写全，但是要简洁，即，提纲式的即可。
4.假设检验。
这些东西只要提纲，不要细节和解释。
四、结论列出论文的主要内容。
要精简。
五、参考文献必须列出重要的参考文献。
尤其是已经在文中引用过的，一定要有出处。
其他要求：字数：以12号字Times New Roman字体1.5倍行距为例：本科生：在7-8页左右，不能少于6页，不多于10页。
博士生：9-11页，最少8页，不多于15页。
文章选择：文章必须是好文章，经典的文章，短文章不行。
高中英语summary范文
高中英语summary范文高中英语写作中，对于summary这样的主题大家会写吗?下面是店铺给大家带来高中英语summary总结性范文，供大家参阅!高中英语summary范文篇What is a summary?Summary is a short passage giving the main points of an original article. What should we pay attention to when we write a summary? 主题文体记叙文 write a summary 人称议论文时态说明文记叙文的概括：1、时态2、人称 5要素3、____________读写任务(记叙文)：时态、人称、5要素 Who WhatHowWhen wherePractice 1: Before my last birthday,my parents promised to celebrate my birt hday withsad me. I don’t have many unhappy memories but one story took place on my last birthday. Before the birthday, I worked out a plan with my parents. We planned to have dinner together in McDonald’s, my favourite restaurant. Then we would go to the Xinghai Concert Hall for a concert given by a group of famous young singers. And the most exciting thing, of course, was the birthday presents. They promised to give me a new MP3 player. However, something unexpected happened on that day. I went home as early as I could. I waited and waited but my parents didn’t come back. But they finally forgot and I felt angry. I felt angry at first and then upset. How could they treat me this way? They always forgot me just because they were busy with their work. Yes, they were always busy. They broke theirpromise and got home late. After that, my grandmother had a talk with me to help me understand my parents’ situation and that made me feel much better.After talking with my grandma, I felt better.A possible version:According to the passage,the author felt disappointed because his parents forgot to celebrate his last birthday with him. But he came to understand them after talking to his grandmother. Tips: 时态、人称、要素Practice 2: A little boy is telling his Grandma how “everything” is going wrong. School, family problem, severe health problems, etc. Meanwhile, Grandma is baking a cake. She asks her grandson if he would like a cake, which, of course, he does. “Here, have some cooking oil.” “Terrible!” says the boy. “How about a couple raw eggs?” “Terrible! Grandma!” “Would you like some flour then? Or maybe baking soda?” “Grandma, those are all awful!” To which Grandma replies, “Yes, all those things seem bad by themselves, but when they are put together in the right way, they make a wonderfully delicious cake!Grandma used the cake material to show him that…“The trials(考验) of life serve a meaningful purpose in making us stronger. Do not lose heart if life is not easy for you right now, but encourage yourself and know you will be much stronger mentally and physically because of the trials of life.”According to the passage, a little boy complained about problems in life. His grandmother used the cake material to teach him that the trials of life make people stronger.One beautiful spring day a red rose came out in a forest. The red rose looked at a cactus (仙人掌) and said, “ What an uglyplant full of thorns (刺)!” The pine tree said, “ Red rose, what kind of talk is this? Who can say what beauty is? You have thorns too.” The p roud red rose looked angrily at the pine and said, “You don’t know what beauty is. You can’t compare me to a cactus.” Spring passed, and the weather became very warm. Life became difficult as no rain fell. The red rose was dying. One day the red rose saw b irds suck water from the cactus. “Doesn’t it hurt when they bite into the cactus?” asked the red rose. “Yes, but the cactus does not like to see any birds suffer,” replied the pine. “The birds can bring water to you if you ask the cactus for help.” But the red rose felt too ashamed of its past words to ask.(记叙文)寓言文体： ____________ 时态：________________ 人称：____________________ Who What HowWhen where5要素a beautiful roselaughed at the cactus for its appearance felt ashamed when she saw the cactus giving water to help the birdsOnce a beautiful proud rose laughed at the cactus for its appearance. However, when the weather became dry, the rose felt ashamed of itself as she saw the cactus providing birds with water.Score: 4-5二.梗概写作的注意事项1.不要照抄原文。
Summary的写作技巧和常见句型
Summary的写作技巧和常见句型在学术写作中，Summary（摘要）是非常重要的一部分，它旨在概括全文的主要内容，帮助读者快速了解文章的核心观点和结论。
然而，要写出一个准确、简洁且有说服力的Summary，并不是一件容易的事情。
为了帮助大家更好地掌握Summary的写作技巧，本文将介绍一些常见的句型和注意事项。
首先，一个好的Summary应该具备以下几个特点：准确、简明、全面、没有冗余内容。
为了达到这些目标，作者在写Summary时应该注意以下几点：首先，明确文章的主题和主旨。
在写Summary之前，作者应该先阅读全文，确保自己对文章的主题和主旨有清晰的理解。
只有了解了文章的核心内容，才能写出一个贴切的Summary。
其次，使用简练的语言。
Summary的长度通常在100-300个词左右，因此作者需要在有限的字数内尽可能全面地概括文章的内容。
为了达到简明扼要的效果，作者可以避免使用冗长的句子和复杂的词汇，尽量用简单清晰的语言表达。
同时，避免引入新的信息。
虽然Summary的目的是总结全文内容，但并不意味着作者要在Summary中引入新的信息或观点。
作者应该把精力集中在概括文章的主要内容上，避免在Summary中涉及到全文的细节或讨论。
此外，注意使用一些常见的句型来连接句子，使Summary更加连贯和流畅。
以下是一些常用的句型：1. Overall, the article/book/paper gives a detailed analysis of...2. In conclusion, the author argues that...3. The study provides valuable insights into...4. From the findings/results, it can be inferred that...5. The research sheds light on the importance of...6. In summary, the main idea of the article is...总之，写Summary并不是难事，关键在于把握好文章的主题和主要内容，使用简练清晰的语言进行概括。
怎样写英语文章summary
怎样写英语文章summary摘要是一篇论文的浓缩,是对整个文章的概括。
下面是店铺带来的写英语文章summary的技巧，欢迎阅读!写英语文章summary的技巧1摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。
它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。
写摘要主要包括三个步骤：(1)阅读;(2)写作;(3)修改成文。
第一步：阅读A.认真阅读给定的原文材料。
如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍。
阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。
B.给摘要起一个标题。
用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。
也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。
主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。
一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。
C.现在，就该决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了。
对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。
D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。
第二步：动手写作A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长。
因此首先数一下原文的字数，然后除以三，得到一个数字。
摘要的字数可以少于这个数字，但是千万不能超过这个数字。
B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。
不要引用原文的句子。
C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。
这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。
D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息，以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。
E. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧：1) 删除细节。
只保留主要观点。
2) 选择一至两个例子。
原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。
3) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。
如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。
4) 避免重复。
在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。
但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。
应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。
5) 压缩长的句子。
如下列两例：“His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.”可以概括为：”He was very brave in battle.”“He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.” 可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.”6) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。
SUMMARY 格式及模板
SUMMARY的最常见格式是总分总。
开头笼统的介绍以下，给读者一个大概的概念,然后分段总结这个你好总结的东东的各个方面.关键看你要写多少字，概括的是什么，再决定中间这部分是分小段还是一大段内，分开概括.最后就是总结了。
有的时候你会感觉总结和开篇介绍很相似,确实是这样，但是总结只是更近一步的对这个事物进行了概括.这个时候,读者就应该对你所总结的事物有一种整体上的认识了.一段好的摘要必须包括main idea和supporting details。
main idea说明文章的主旨，作者主要诉说的故事是关于什么?supporting details则帮助发展或说明主题。
如何写英文摘要英文摘要如何写如何写摘要一、概述文章摘要是对所写文章主要内容的精炼概括。
美国人称摘要为“Abstract”,而英国人则喜欢称其为“Summary”。
通常国际刊物要求所要刊登的文章字数，包括摘要部分不超过1万字。
而对文章摘要部分的字数要求则更少。
因此，写摘要时，应用最为简练的语言来表达论文之精华。
论文摘要的重点应放在所研究的成果和结论上.国际会议要求的论文摘要的字数不等，一般为200字—500字。
而国际刊物要求所刊登的论文摘要的字数通常是100字—200字.摘要的位置一般放在一篇文章的最前面，内容上涵盖全文,并直接点明全旨.语言上要求尽量简炼。
摘要通常多采用第三人称撰写。
科学书籍、论文和学术报告一般都附有内容摘要，这样可以节省读者的时间,使他们不必读完整个文章就能够了解它的主要内容。
书籍摘要,一般放在封二或封三;论文和学术报告的摘要，一般放在正文前面.摘要应做到简明扼要，切题,能独立成文,使读者能准确地了解书籍的要义。
写摘要时，最好用第三人称的完整的陈述句，文长一般不超过200个词.摘要分陈述性的（Deｓｃｒｉｐｔive）和资料性的(Informational）两类。
陈述性摘要只陈述书籍或文章的主题，不介绍内容.资料性的摘要除了介绍主题外，还应介绍文章的要点和各个要点的主要内容。
英文作文如何写summary
英文作文如何写summary英文：Writing a summary in English involves condensing the main points and ideas of a text while maintaining clarity and coherence. To begin with, it's essential to read the text thoroughly to grasp its central theme and supporting details. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to write an effective summary:1. Understand the Text: Before summarizing, make sure you understand the text's purpose, main idea, and key arguments or events.2. Identify Key Points: Highlight or jot down the main points, arguments, or events in the text. These are the elements you'll focus on in your summary.3. Paraphrase Succinctly: Express the main points of each section or paragraph in your own words. Aim forclarity and brevity, avoiding unnecessary details or examples.4. Maintain Structure: Organize your summary in a logical order, reflecting the structure of the original text. Start with an introduction that briefly describes the text and its context, followed by the main points in sequential order, and end with a concluding statement.5. Avoid Personal Opinions: A summary should be objective and focused solely on the content of the text. Avoid inserting your own opinions or interpretations.6. Check for Accuracy: Ensure that your summary accurately represents the main ideas and arguments of the original text. Double-check any facts or figures to avoid misinterpretation.7. Revise and Edit: Once you've drafted your summary, revise it for clarity, coherence, and conciseness. Remove any redundant or unclear phrases to streamline the summary.Now, let's proceed to the Chinese version.中文：写英文摘要涉及将一篇文章的主要观点和思想浓缩起来，同时保持清晰和连贯。
写一篇学术英文的summary
写一篇学术英文的summary由于不知道你需要对哪篇学术英文进行 summary，我将提供一个通用的 summary 模板，你可以根据具体的文章内容进行修改和调整。
[Article Title] Summary[Article Title] discusses [main topic] and its significance in [field of study]. The author(s) provide an in-depth analysis of [specific aspect or issue] and examine the relevant literature. Through [methodology or approach], the author(s) present their findings and conclusions.The article begins by outlining the background and motivation for the study, highlighting the importance of [main topic] in [context or application]. The author(s) then review the existing literature on the topic, identifying [gaps or limitations] and suggesting areas for further investigation.The core of the article lies in the [methodology or approach] employed. The author(s) describe in detail the [experimental design, data collection, or theoretical framework] used to investigate [main topic]. The results are presented and discussed, illustrating the [novel contributions or insights] offered by the study.Furthermore, the article explores the implications of the findings, discussing their potential impact on [related fields or practices]. The author(s) also address the limitations of the study and suggest future directions for research.In conclusion, [Article Title] provides a comprehensive and insightful examination of [main topic]. The author(s)’ [novel contributions or insights] shed light on the [specific aspect or issue] and offer valuable implications for further research and practice in the field.请注意，这只是一个示例 summary，你可以根据具体的文章内容和要求进行修改和完善。
英文summary的格式
英文summary的格式
1. 标题，在摘要的开头，可以使用"Summary"或"Abstract"作
为标题，居中或者靠左对齐。
2. 摘要内容，摘要应该简明扼要地概括原文的主要内容，包括
关键信息和要点。
它应该是一个独立的段落，不超过几句话。
摘要
应该简洁明了，避免使用复杂的词汇和句子结构。
3. 结构，摘要可以按照原文的结构进行组织，包括引言、方法、结果和讨论等部分。
但在摘要中，每个部分的内容应该被简化和压缩，只保留最重要的信息。
4. 长度，英文摘要的长度通常在100到300个单词之间。
在某
些学术领域，摘要的长度可能有特定的要求，请根据具体的指导准
则进行调整。
5. 语言和风格，英文摘要应该使用简练、准确的语言表达，避
免使用复杂的词汇和句子结构。
使用第三人称，避免使用个人代词。
另外，应该使用现在时态来描述研究或文章的内容。
6. 关键词，在摘要的末尾，可以列出几个关键词，用于描述文章的主题和内容。
这些关键词应该与原文的主题和关键词相关联。
总之，英文摘要的格式应该简洁明了，突出文章的核心内容和要点，同时符合学术规范和要求。
具体的格式可以根据不同的出版物或学术机构的要求进行调整。
英文作文如何写summary
英文作文如何写summary下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!First of all, you need to read the original text carefully and understand its main ideas. Then, pick out the key points and important details. Don't include everything, just the most essential stuff. Use your own words to summarize, not the exact same words from the text. Keep it short and to the point. For example, say what the maintopic is and the main arguments or events. And that's basically it. Another thing is to make sure your summary makes sense and is clear. It should give a good overview of the original text without being too complicated. You canalso add a few examples if it helps. Just don't make it too long or it won't be a summary anymore. And that's how you write a summary. Sometimes it can be a bit tricky, but with practice, you'll get better at it. Oh, and don't forget to check for grammar and spelling mistakes. That's important too. So, that's my advice on writing a summary. Good luck! 。
英语summary万能模板
英语summary万能模板
英语Summary 万能模板。
在进行英语summary时，我们需要注意一些基本的模板和技巧，以确保我们能够准确、简洁地总结原文的内容。
下面是一个万能的英语summary模板，希望对大家有所帮助。
首先，我们需要在summary的开头部分提及原文的标题、作者和主题。
接着，我们可以用一两句话总结原文的主要内容。
在summary的主体部分，我们可以分段对原文的不同部分进行总结，注意使用一些过渡词语来连接不同的观点和段落。
最后，在summary的结尾部分，我们可以再次强调原文的主要观点，并表达自己对原文的看法或总结。
下面是一个具体的英语summary模板，供大家参考：
Title: [原文标题]
Author: [原文作者]
Topic: [原文主题]
Summary:
[在这里用一两句话总结原文的主要内容]
Paragraph 1:
[在这里总结原文的第一部分内容]
Paragraph 2:
[在这里总结原文的第二部分内容]
Paragraph 3:
[在这里总结原文的第三部分内容]
Conclusion:
[在这里再次强调原文的主要观点，并表达自己的看法或总结]
以上就是一个简单的英语summary模板，希望能够帮助大家更好地进行英语summary的写作。
在实际写作中，我们可以根据原文的具体内容和结构来进行调整和修改，以确保我们的summary能够准确、简洁地反映原文的内容。
希望大家在写作summary时能够多加练习，提高自己的写作水平。
英文简短的summary范文
英文简短的summary范文1.英文写作中的summary应该怎么写首先Summary的写作应该分为以下6步：①分段阅读首先，我们需要对整篇文章浏览一次，根据文中的标题、副标题等分段阅读。
②重读主动阅读文章，并把主题句、关键句以及对写作summary 有用的信息标记出来。
③概括在明确了每个分段的中心思想之后，用一句话概括出来。
注意：句中只需要关键点，不需要进行细节性的描述。
④主旨主旨句是一篇摘要的关键点，读者可从中获知整篇文章所要表达的内容。
因此，一定要写好主旨句。
⑤写summary 在写summary的时候一定要注意：在summary中需要写原作者和作品的名称，且要用现在时去写作，尽量避免使用原文内容。
除此之外，摘要的写作目的在于准确表达作者的观点，所以一定不可以添加自己的观点在里边。
⑥检查并修改在summary完成之后需要检查我们是否准确的将作者的观点表达出来了，如果没有问题的话，也还是需要从个事、语法以及标点等方面进行一次检查。
下边BayDue给大家分享一篇summary写作范文：Why do some animals die out?In the past two hundred years people have caused many kinds of animals to die out--to become extinct.People keep building houses and factories in fields and woods.As they spread over the land,they destroy animals’homes.If the animals can’t find a place tolive,they die out.Sixteen kinds of Hawaiian birds have become extinct for this reason.Other animals,such as the Florida Key deer,may soon die out because they are losing their homes.Hunters have caused some animals to become extinct,too.In the last century,hunters killed all the passenger pigeons in North America and most of the buffalos.Today they are fast killing off hawks and wolves.Pollution is killing many animals today,too.As rivers become polluted,fish are poisoned.Many die.Birds that eat the poisoned fish can’t lay strong,healthy eggs.New birds aren’t born.So far,no animals have become extinct because of pollution.But some,such as the bald eagle and the brown pelican,have become rare and may die out.Scientists think that some animals become extinct because of changes in climate.The places where they live become hotter or cooler,drier or wetter.The food that they eat cannot grow there any more.If the animals can’t learn to eat something else,they die.Dinosaurs may have died out for this reason.Summary:In the past two hundred years,many kinds of animals have died out.There are several reasons for it.First,people keep building houses and factories in fields and woods,which destroys animals’homes.Then,hunters’killing has also caused some animals to become extinct.Besides,some a nimals aren’t able to bear strong offspring and nor do they have enough food to eat because of pollution and climatic changes.。
英语论文写作--summary
general words
She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Ne w s w e e k a n d s o m e t e x t b o o k s . S h e intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.
be indispensible to: 不可或缺的；必需
3.2 Conciseness
Eliminate repititons on your list, even if the author restates the same points.
Your summary should be considerably shorter than the source.
Do not symply quote the author; instead use your own words to express your own understanding of what you have read.
3.4 Independence
Your summary is based on your interpretation of the writer's points summary writing
Improve reading comprehension Helps composition writing Practical uses
Why should we summarize?
论文中的Summary该怎么写？
论文中的Summary该怎么写？
1）划分结构并征服。
首先，略读这篇你将进行Summary的文章，并且将这篇文章分为几个小的部分。
根据小标题和副标题来划分。
并且看下生僻的标题，在读之前确保可以理解它们。
2）阅读。
现在你已经准备好了，可以选择一个文章继续阅读。
需要从头到尾地浏览。
浏览的时候，即使你遇到了不懂得地方也不需要停下来去查。
浏览仅仅是为了了解作者的语气，风格和主要思想。
3）重读。
重读应是主动阅读。
画出主题句和关键事实。
把你想要引用到Summary里面的地方标记出来。
标记的地方应该避免以下一些细节，即使是很有趣，但是太具体的也是不行的。
找出那些你不了解的领域，试图在Summary中澄清这些点。
4)一部分一个句话。
你现在已经抓住了你将Summary的文章的要点。
在1-3步骤中，你将文本分为了几个部分，并且在文章中标出了作者的中心思想和要点。
现在需要用一句完整的话总结每个部分的主要意思。
确保你的句子是关键点而不是无用的小细节。
5)写一个thesisstatement。
这是写一篇好的Summary的关键。
检查你在步骤4写的句子。
通过你写的句子，你应该可以创建一个能够清楚地表明你这篇文章想要实现什么意图的thesisstatement。
如果你发现做不了这一步，那么你应该回顾前面，确保你写的句子是否集中在关键点。
1。
英语summary写作技巧
英语summary写作技巧
英语summary写作技巧
引言
英语summary写作是一种常见的应用文体，它要求作者能够准确、简明地概述一篇英语原文的主要内容。
在进行英语summary写作时，我们需要掌握一些技巧，以便能够高效地完成任务。
技巧一：快速阅读
•仔细阅读标题、段落开头和结尾，了解主题和结构；
•注意关键词，尤其是名词和动词；
•不要纠缠于细节，关注主旨和重点。
技巧二：提炼关键信息
•从原文中找出核心观点和主要论据；
•删除不必要的细节和次要信息；
•使用自己的话简洁、准确地表达原文内容。
技巧三：注意语法和格式
•使用正确的时态：一般过去时、现在时或现在完成时；
•使用间接引语来引用原文中的观点和观点支持；
•遵循字数限制，并按照规定的格式进行排版。
技巧四：模板和短语应用
•学习和应用summary写作常用的模板结构；
•学习和运用表示因果关系、递进关系、对比关系等的短语；
•避免直译，使用地道、自然的表达方式。
技巧五：练习和反馈
•阅读和写作是提高英语summary写作能力的关键；
•练习写不同主题和风格的summary，增加熟练度；
•征求他人的反馈，不断改进自己的写作技巧。
总结
英语summary写作需要我们能够快速理解和概括原文的主要内容。
通过快速阅读、关键信息提炼、语法和格式的准确应用、模板和短语的灵活运用以及持续的练习，我们可以不断提高我们的summary 写作技巧。
希望本文所分享的技巧对您能够更好地完成英语summary 写作有所帮助！。
怎么写好论文总结(summary)
Q:
写 summary 的程序是什么？有什么要特别注意的地方？
A:
学术文章的总结（summary）是简短版的文字，告诉读者你的重点是什么。
写总结的关键是要找出最重要的重点，其他多余或比较不重要的东西就不要放进去，甚至不需要详细的说明跟范例。
还有，总结应该要尽量用自己的话写。
你可以根据以下步骤有效撰写总结：
要写出好的总结，你必须要先熟读文章，来回看过几遍，然后决定要传达的重点是什么。
将要传达给读者的其他重点记录下来。
总结开头先提及来源出处，比如：
This is a summary of the article XXXX written by XXXX published in XXXX.
接下来用一句话叙述重点，比如：
In this text the author wishes to emphasize the importance of XXXX in calculating the YYYY in animal cells.
然后将其他要传达的重点写出来，记得要用自己的话写。
不要用 I 或 We 来代指作者的想法，要用 the author feels 或 the author points out 这类的用语。
如果你打算直接用文章里面的内容，记得加上引号，不过最好还是尽可能不要直接使用文章的内容。
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Summary
Title: Law in the Louisiana Purchase
Author:William Wirt Howe
Sources: The Yale Law Journal, V ol. 14, No. 2 (Dec., 1904), pp. 77-81.
Published by: The Yale Law Journal Company, Inc.
Introduction
This paper tends to inquire the introduction and and development of law in the Louisiana Purchase.The topic may have some present interest as a matter of legal history and comparative jurisprudence. To apprehend the subject, we have to consider three sources and streams of influence-French, Spanish and English.
Body
French influence
Going back to the 16th and 17th centuries, France was embarking in discovery and colonization in the western world. At that time, France was divided into the country of the written law and the country of the customary law. The southern portion, called the country of the written law,while, the northern region came to be known as the country of the customary law. Both of the two laws in France, however, were influenced by the Roman law.And then, France copied its law system into its colonies like in Canada and America. So did in 1715 the commerce of Louisiana. In theory, Louisiana was governed by the same system of law, Roman at foundation, but modified by statute, edict, ordinance and custom.
Spanish influence
In 1762, the Colony of Louisiana was ceded to Spain. In this way, there came in some elements of Spanish law and jurisprudence. In 1769, as Judge Martin states his “History of Louisiana”, it is believed that the laws of Spain became the sole guide of the tribunals in their decisions. But as these laws, as well as those of France, were based on the Roman system.
English influence
On December 20th ,1803, the United States took possession of the Colony of Louisiana from France. In 1804 the Territory of Orleans was organized, including about the present area of the State of Louisiana. Taking up the legal history of the Territory of Orleans, we find its inhabitants mainly of French and Spanish descent, and strongly attached to the civil law in private matters. In criminal matters, a statute of 1805, which is still in force, adopted the common law of England as the basis of definition and procedure. In 1812 the territory was admitted into the Union as a state, under the name of Louisiana.
It will, therefore, be seen that the system is quite eclectic. So far as general provisions
in regard to persons, property and obligations are concerned, Louisiana may be called a civil law state. But in other important departments of jurisprudence, as pointed out above, she is largely indebted to English and American law.
Conclusion
We have thus seen law and jurisprudence in the making, from their early beginnings to their present development. Two systems have grown up side by side in the Purchase, the one relating back to Rome, the other to early England. We may at least say that the two systems are no longer as antagonistic as they were when Blackstone wrote his first lecture. The more that mere technicality disappears, the more they come to resemble each other.。