换热器设计完整版.docx

原油-减压渣油换热器设计

摘要

换热器是用于物料之间进行热量传递的过程设备。通过这种设备使物料能达到指定的温度以满足工艺的要求。在目前大型化工及石油化工装置中，采用各种换热的组合，就能充分合理地利用各种等级的能量，使产品的单位能耗降低，从而降低产品的成本已获得好的经济效益。因而，在大型化工及石油化工生产过程中，换热器得到越来越广泛的应用。在化工厂中，换热器所占比例也有了明显提高，成为最重要的单元设备之一。

在浮头换热器设计过程中，严格按照GB150-1998《钢制压力容器》和GB151-1999《管壳式换热器》等标准进行设计和计算。

本设计过程中，包括了三个部分：说明计算部分、绘图部分、翻译部分。说明部分主要阐述了对各部分零件的制造工艺过程、零部件材料的选择、及换热器设备的发展趋势，最后对换热器的制造进行了检验和检测。计算部分主要是对筒体、封头、管板和管板与换热管连接进行了校核，并且对筒体和封头进行了水压试验和强度校核。除此之外，还参阅相关的设计手册及大量的文献，完成了一张总装配图和五张零件图的绘制，还对两篇外文进行了翻译等工作。

关键词：设计, 校核,换热器

The Design of Crude Oil–Vacuum Residue Heat Exchanger

Abstract

Heat exchanger is used in the materials to carry on the thermal transmission the process. Through this kind of equipment, materials achieve assignment the temperature to satisfy the craft the request. At present, in large-scale chemical industry and in the petroleum chemical industry installment, each kind of heat transfer the combination can reasonably use each rank fully the energy, cause the production the unit energy consumption to reduce, thus reduce the production the cost to obtain the high economic efficiency. Thus, in the large-scale chemical

industry and in the petroleum chemical industry production process, the heat exchanger obtains the more and more widespread application. In the chemical plant, the heat exchanger accounted for the proportion also to have the distinct enhancement, became one of most important unit equipment.

In the floating head heat exchanger design process, the design and the calculations. carry on strictly according to GB150-1998 "Steel Pressure vessel" and GB151-1999 "Tubular heat exchangers" the standards.

In this design process, including three parts: explanation calculations part,cartography part, translation part. Explanation computation the part mainly elaborated to various part of components manufacture technological process, the spare part material selecting, and the heat exchanger equipment development trend, finally it has carried on the examination and the test for the heat exchanger manufacture. The calculations part mainly was to the tube body, the shell cover, the tube plate and the tube plate and the heat transfer pipe coupling has been carried on the examination, and has been carried on the hydraulic pressure test and the intensity examination to the tube body and the shell cover. In addition, referring the related design handbook and the massive literature, it has completed an assembly drawing and five detail drawing plan, and has carried on work and two translations.

Keywords: Design, Examination, Heat exchang