白菜移栽机的实体设计

学士学位毕业设计

白菜移栽机的实体设计

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中国·大庆

白菜移栽机的实体设计

摘要

在研究国内外插秧机械的发展状况和我国插秧机械存在的问题的基础上，根据白菜移栽作业的要求，设计了一种以步进式植质钵育水稻插秧机为模板的单行作业的白菜移栽机。该机型在插秧机构的分插秧原理和插秧的运动轨迹等方面作了相应的改进，对分插机构进行重新设计，确定了曲柄、栽植臂和摆杆等部件的结构和运动参数，将针式取秧器改为刀片式便于切取钵块，并对秧箱和移箱机构的改装设计。分析了刀片式取秧器在取苗、送苗、插苗、回转、避让和回程过程中机器前进速度与速度之间应有的关系，确定出相应的白菜移栽模型。同时还对开沟和覆土压实装置进行设计，满足白菜移栽的要求。

利用UG对关键的部件进行实体设计，主要的机构包括分插机构、发动机、秧箱、移箱机构、送秧机构、离合器机构、仿形机构以及开沟器和覆土轮等部分进行设计。最后作出整机的运动仿真过程，为该机型的后续生产提供技术支撑。

该白菜移栽机的特点是结构简单，操作容易，工效高。白菜苗在移栽过程中，直立度和成活率高。在结构设计方面也有一些的创新之处，待到实际生产中进行验证。

关键词白菜移栽机；植质钵育；分插机构；实体设计

Abstrat

Planting at home and abroad in the development of machinery and mechanical planting of our problems, based on the transplanting operation in accordance with the requirements of Chinese cabbage, in order to design a step-by-step quality-sik sterile rice transplanter bowl as a template for one-way operations cabbage Transplanter. The model sub-agencies in the planting and transplanting seedlings principle and so the trajectories of the corresponding improvements to the re-planting mechanisms designed to determine the crank arm and put under cultivation, such as parts of the structure and motion parameters, the needle browser-style changed from seedling to facilitate blade bowl cut block, and move boxes and boxes seedling body design modifications. Analysis of the blade from seedlings seedlings in check, sent to Miller,play, turn, avoid the process and return the machine forward speed and the relationship between the speed, to determine the appropriate model of cabbage transplanting. At the same time also trenching and soil compaction device designed to meet the requirements of Chinese cabbage transplanting.

The use of UG key components of physical design, the main institutions, including the drop, the engine, seedling boxes, move me body, give seedlings agencies, the clutch body, profiling agencies, as well as trenching and soil and other parts of the design wheel. Finally, the motion simulation of machine to make the process of follow-up of the production models to provide technical support.

The cabbage transplanting machine is characterized by simple structure, easy operation, high work efficiency. Chinese cabbage seedlings in the transplant process, the vertical and the high survival rate. In structural design has also been a number of innovations, stay to verify the actual production.

Key words：Cabbage Transplanter: Drop: The shift box: The overall structure

目录

摘要.................................................... I ABSTRAT ................................................ II 前言................................................ - 1 - 1 概述.............................................. - 3 -

1.1课题研究的目的 (3)

1.2国内外插秧机机械发展现状 (3)

1.2.1日本插秧机械现状 .............................. - 3 - 1.2.2韩国插秧机械现状 .............................. - 4 - 1.3国内插秧机械现状、发展及存在的问题. (4)

1.3.1 国内插秧机械现状.............................. - 4 - 1.3.2 国内插秧机械存在的问题........................ - 5 - 1.4国内外移栽机械的发展状况和特点.. (5)

1.4.1国外移栽机械的种类形式是和特点 ................ - 5 - 1.4.2国内移栽机械的种类形式和特点 .................. - 8 - 1.5手扶式白菜移栽机的研究和发展. (9)

1.6手扶式插秧机涉及内容和方法 (9)

2 白菜移栽机的总体设计............................. - 10 -

2.1白菜移栽机的三维实体结构设计图 (10)

2.2工作过程 (11)

2.3白菜移栽机的技术规格 (11)

2.4配套秧盘的设计 (12)

3 分插秧原理与分插机构的设计....................... - 15 -

3.1分插机构组成 (15)

3.2分插工作原理 (16)

3.3秧爪 (17)

3.4曲柄连杆的设计 (19)

4 秧箱、送秧机构和移秧机构的设计................... - 21 -

4.1秧箱 (21)

4.1.1组成及工作原理 ............................... - 21 - 4.1.2设计内容、步骤及结果 ......................... - 21 - 4.2送秧机构.. (22)

4.2.1 组成及工作原理............................... - 22 -