英语语法-句子的种类(史上最详细)(课堂PPT)
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高中基础语法知识--英语句子种类 共14张PPT
二、 委婉陈述人们在陈述事实的时候,为了礼貌或者为了在说话时留有余地,常常在说话时采用委婉陈述方 be, I think, too much for him. 我想那会使他受不了的。
(二)采用情态动词或半助动词来软化口气 He might be right. 他也许是对的。 She seems to be unhappy. 她似乎不快活。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
感叹句: what和how引导的感叹句
一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。(修饰名词) 1.What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
如: What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
疑问句: 分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
一般疑问句:be动词/助动词/情态动词开头的疑问句。 回答:yes/no。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。 回答:根据相关的句子意思进行相应的回答即可。
将陈述句变为 一般疑问句
1.带be动词的陈述句: she is a student 注意:I am a student
2.表转折关系的 but, however,while,still, yet The film is not perfect,still,it's good.
3.表选择关系的 or, either...or..., not...but... Take the chance,or you will regret it.
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以上五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的
(二)采用情态动词或半助动词来软化口气 He might be right. 他也许是对的。 She seems to be unhappy. 她似乎不快活。
Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。
感叹句: what和how引导的感叹句
一、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。(修饰名词) 1.What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
如: What a fine day it is! 2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
疑问句: 分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
一般疑问句:be动词/助动词/情态动词开头的疑问句。 回答:yes/no。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。 回答:根据相关的句子意思进行相应的回答即可。
将陈述句变为 一般疑问句
1.带be动词的陈述句: she is a student 注意:I am a student
2.表转折关系的 but, however,while,still, yet The film is not perfect,still,it's good.
3.表选择关系的 or, either...or..., not...but... Take the chance,or you will regret it.
英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以上五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的
英语句子成分及五种基本句型解析ppt课件
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
基本句型1:主+谓
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达 完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、 状语从句等。
•The sun was shining.
介词短语
My job is to teach English.
不定式
Seeing is believing.
动名词
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
基本句型2:主有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的 意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表 达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。
太阳在照耀着。
2. Who cares?
管它呢?
3. What he said does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
4. They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
什么可以作谓语?
We love China. We have finished reading this book. He can speak English.
及物动词 vt
My mother usually gets up early. The boy often plays in his yard. 不及物动词 vi
英语句子成分讲解及句子类型ppt课件
表示名 7介. (p词rep.)词 词 他、 和 词代 其 之
间的关 系。
✓He usually stay at home on Sundays.
认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因,才 能开始 对症下 药,然 后药到 病除。 近年来 国家对 扶贫工 作高度 重视, 已经展 开了“ 精准扶 贫”项 目
8(连. c词onj.)连 或 作接 句 用词 与 。与 句词的
一、主语
主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。 主语一般位于__句__首__ 。
1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.
系动词
1)状态系动词,用来表示主语状态,只有be (am,is ,are,was,were,been,being)一词
He is a teacher.
2)持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或
态度,主要有keep, remain, stay
He always kept silent at meeting.
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come
He became mad after that.
6)终止系动词,表示主语已终止动作,主要有
prove, turn out
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。
10. (art.) 冠词
用来限制名 词的意义
英语句子类型(简单句、并列句、复合句)ppt课件
• ①He helps me and he also helps others. • ②She not only gave us a lot of advice, but also
helped us to overcome difficulties. • 2.表示转折关系,常用连词有but,however, yet(然
而),while(而)等。 • ①He is young, but he works hard. • ②She is tall, while her elder sister is short.
.
并列句
• 3.表示选择关系,常见连词有or,not...but(不是…… 而是……),either...or...(要么……要么……)等。
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
I
bought
a hat
yesterday.
The children ran
home.
We
ate
our meal
in silence.
The car
stopped
suddenly.
.
并列句
• 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫 并列句。常见分类:
• 1.表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also..., neither...nor...,as well as等。
The teacher asked me to read the passage. 6. There be句型:
There is a book on the desk. There existed many dinosaurs.
helped us to overcome difficulties. • 2.表示转折关系,常用连词有but,however, yet(然
而),while(而)等。 • ①He is young, but he works hard. • ②She is tall, while her elder sister is short.
.
并列句
• 3.表示选择关系,常见连词有or,not...but(不是…… 而是……),either...or...(要么……要么……)等。
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
I
bought
a hat
yesterday.
The children ran
home.
We
ate
our meal
in silence.
The car
stopped
suddenly.
.
并列句
• 由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来的句子叫 并列句。常见分类:
• 1.表示同等、平行或承接关系,常用连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also..., neither...nor...,as well as等。
The teacher asked me to read the passage. 6. There be句型:
There is a book on the desk. There existed many dinosaurs.
英语句子种类与类型.ppt
3. 含有实义动词(have\like...)的一般疑问句,用助动词do或
does来回答。
Does he like English?
Yes, he does? No, he doesn't.
答语的主语要看问句的主语 Exercise 易错题
1.
your name Black?
A. Are; it is B. Are; I am
2. 含有情态动词(can\must...)的一般疑问句,把情态动词调 到句首。
He can play football.
Can he play football?
3. 含有实义动词(have\like...)的一般疑问句,提取助动词调
到句首,实义动词用原形。
Amy speaks English.
Does Amy speak English?
一般疑问句的回答
1. 含有be动词的一般疑问句,用be动词来回答。
Is Mary your sister?
Yes, she is? No, she isn't.
2. 含有情态动词(can\must...)的一般疑问句,用情态动词来
回答。 Can I come in?
Yes, you can? No, you can't.
特殊疑问句的结构
(1)对主语或主语的修饰语提问,用特殊疑问词代替 提问内容。
对主语提问
The apple is on the table.
What is on the table?
My books are on the table. Whose books are on the table?
对主语的修饰语提问
句子五种基本结构课堂PPT
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注意一: 带V-ing做宾语的动词有:
suggest, advise,stop, enjoy, miss ,finish , mind,keep ,perfer, be busy, be used to, give up etc. She loves window shopping. I enjoy living here. I prefer standing. May is busy doing the housework.
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基本句型 二
主+系+表 S+V +P
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• 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语 动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上 一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓 语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连 系动词。
• 除了Be系动词外,还有一些动词可以用作系 动词,如:
• 1.表示感官的动词,处于某种状态。feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem, etc.
• 宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充 说明的成分,宾语与其补足语是逻辑上的主 谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。若无宾语 补足语则句意不够完整。
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S
V
DO
1.We named our puppy
2.The made him
y
painted the wall
3.He found the book
朗读:
I give you help.
Mary teaches us English.
I will show him my passport.
授课:XX
句子的种类ppt课件
He is going to be a doctor.---- He isn’t going to be a doctor .(一般将来时)
He is reading a story book.---- He isn’t reading a story book.(现在进行时)
如果句子中的谓语动词为行为动词,变为否定结构时,将 行为动词之前加上否定的助动词,如:
特殊疑问词有: What 对事物提问 Where 对地点提问 When/ What time 对时间提问 Who 对人提问(如果Who作主语,则要用陈述句语序) Whose 对所属提问 How much 对价格提问
How many对数量提问,如How many apples
Hoபைடு நூலகம் old 对年龄提问
一般是指用yes或no回答的疑问句。
基本结构为: 助动词/情态动词+主语+…… 也就是说将 陈述句的第一个助动词(be或will,have,has)或情态动词(can)提 至主语之前;如:
He is a teacher.------------ Is he a teacher?(一般现在时)
He was a worker.----Was he a worker? (一般过去时)
Come in, please.
Don’t come in. Let’s go to school. Let’s not go to school.
4. 感叹句 用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句,感叹句
句末常用感叹号。 感叹句的构成结构: How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语
例如:
How beautiful (you are)! What+ (a/an)+形容词/副词+名词+谓语(当名词为不可数名 词时,a/an省略)例如:
He is reading a story book.---- He isn’t reading a story book.(现在进行时)
如果句子中的谓语动词为行为动词,变为否定结构时,将 行为动词之前加上否定的助动词,如:
特殊疑问词有: What 对事物提问 Where 对地点提问 When/ What time 对时间提问 Who 对人提问(如果Who作主语,则要用陈述句语序) Whose 对所属提问 How much 对价格提问
How many对数量提问,如How many apples
Hoபைடு நூலகம் old 对年龄提问
一般是指用yes或no回答的疑问句。
基本结构为: 助动词/情态动词+主语+…… 也就是说将 陈述句的第一个助动词(be或will,have,has)或情态动词(can)提 至主语之前;如:
He is a teacher.------------ Is he a teacher?(一般现在时)
He was a worker.----Was he a worker? (一般过去时)
Come in, please.
Don’t come in. Let’s go to school. Let’s not go to school.
4. 感叹句 用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句,感叹句
句末常用感叹号。 感叹句的构成结构: How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语
例如:
How beautiful (you are)! What+ (a/an)+形容词/副词+名词+谓语(当名词为不可数名 词时,a/an省略)例如:
初中英语句子种类讲解(PPT52张)
newspaper when I
came in. ❖She is the girl who
sings best of all.
定语从 句
❖It is well-known that the 2008 Olympic Games will be held on August 8th.
主语从句
❖As is known to all, the
neither…. nor…. ▪ 转折并列连词: but,while,yet
▪ 因果并列连词: for, so
▪ 选择并列连词: or
请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合
并为一个并列句。 1.He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
<2>. Do you know what w\as
happened yesterday? (改错)
3. _主__语___+__谓__语__+__宾__语___(_S_+V+O)
We are having an English class.
Mr Wang will attend the lecture.
★高考经常考查的系动词:
<1>. “变得”g_e_t____b,e_c_o__m_e__,
_t_u_r_n___, _g_o_____, _g_r_o_w_...
<2>. “看起来”lo_o__k___s,_e_e_m___,_a_p_p__e_ar “闻起来”s_m__e_ll__ “尝起来”taste
感叹句结构
感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊
英语句子五大基本句型 句子语法构成 十大词性(共40张PPT)
复数
it (这)
冠词(art.)
位于名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物
a/an/the
I have an apple I have a pen
The apple is red.
介词(preposition)
表示名词与句中其它词的关系
She looked at me.
感叹词(interj.)
表示说话时的情感。
句子
五大基本句子类型
一、主+谓+宾(中国家庭)
I buy a book.
I love dog.
五大基本句子类型
二、主+谓(丁克家庭)
They run to school .
I at school arrive . jump,I jump. You
五大基本句子类型
三、主+谓+宾1+宾2(非洲家庭)
从句
【起止标识】从引导词开始(有时可省略),有 四种终止标识:
1. 到句尾结束 Xiaoming is a teacher (who teaches English. ) 2. 到逗号结束 (When I was young, ) I listened to the radio.
从句
【起止标识】从引导词开始(有时可省略),有 四种终止标识:
Oh, hello, well, please
连词(conj.)
连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句
Ladies and gentlemen,…
I am ugly but I am gentle.
例句
You can go with Jay(who is a singer)or you can stay here
英语句子种类ppt课件
few, nothing, nobody, seldom 等否定词,后面用肯定
You have nothing to tell me, do you? She has few money with her, does she?
反意
疑问 句
当前部分为祈使句,后面用
will you; 而当前面是Let’s开头,后
当主句是I /we
doesn’t she ?
think/believe/suppose时要以 I think he is wrong this time ,
从句为主
isn’t he ?
祈使句
提出请求、建议或发出命令等。以动词
原形开头(否定形式在前面加Don’t),常在
句首或句末加上please。如:Sit down, please.
Don’t talk in class 4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!
疑问句
用来提出问题的句子。包括一般疑问句、
特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句
问句类型
解析
例句
一般疑 问句
特殊疑 问句
选择疑 问句
以be动词、助动词或 情态动词开头,用Yes 或No来回答。
Did you have a good time at school? Can you finish your work on time?
time and you’ll have enough time to have
breakfast. —OK, Muni I’ll remember.
A. Get up B. Getting up
C. To get up D. Got up
★ 感叹句
You have nothing to tell me, do you? She has few money with her, does she?
反意
疑问 句
当前部分为祈使句,后面用
will you; 而当前面是Let’s开头,后
当主句是I /we
doesn’t she ?
think/believe/suppose时要以 I think he is wrong this time ,
从句为主
isn’t he ?
祈使句
提出请求、建议或发出命令等。以动词
原形开头(否定形式在前面加Don’t),常在
句首或句末加上please。如:Sit down, please.
Don’t talk in class 4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!
疑问句
用来提出问题的句子。包括一般疑问句、
特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句
问句类型
解析
例句
一般疑 问句
特殊疑 问句
选择疑 问句
以be动词、助动词或 情态动词开头,用Yes 或No来回答。
Did you have a good time at school? Can you finish your work on time?
time and you’ll have enough time to have
breakfast. —OK, Muni I’ll remember.
A. Get up B. Getting up
C. To get up D. Got up
★ 感叹句
《英语句子种类》课件
A group of words that modifies a verb, adjective, or other clause, providing additional information about its time, place, manner, or condition. It is introduced by a subordinating conjunction such as "when," "where," or "how."
总结词
由主语和谓语组成,是最基本的句子 结构。
详ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ描述
一个简单句只包含一个主语和一个谓 语,用于表达一个完整的思想或概念 。例如,“The cat sat on the mat.”(猫坐在垫子上。)
Subject+predicate+object
总结词
除了主语和谓语外,还包含一个 宾语,用于描述动作所涉及的对 象。
Description
A group of words that modifies a noun or pronoun, providing additional information about its characteristics or identity. It is introduced by a modifying conjunction such as "which" or "that."
例子
When the bell rang, the students came into the classroom. (时间状语从句)
Master-slave complex sentence
初中英语语法之 句子的种类PPT课件
常用not;no; no one; None of us have been to nobody;nothing;neither;Canada.
none; never等词表示否定 我们都没去过加拿大。
否 意义Biblioteka 定 句(2)部分否定:
①I can hardly see anything in the rain. 在雨中我几乎什么东
(2)疑问部分要与陈述部分的 时态保持一致
Tom wen t to the cinema yesterday, didn’t he? 汤姆昨天 去看电影了,不是吗?
—Ann didn’t come to school
(3)答语是肯定的用 “Yes”; last week, did she?
答语是否定的用 “No”。前 否后肯的反意疑问句yes译为 “不”,no译为“是的”
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考点二 感叹句
类别
结构
例句
What + a/an+adj. +单数可 数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
What a beautiful mountain it is! 多么美丽的山啊!
以what 引导
What+adj. +复数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
What great inventions he has made! 他的发明多么伟大啊!
你
特殊选择疑问句的构成: Which do you like better, tea or
特殊疑问句+A or B?
coffee? 茶和咖啡你更喜欢哪一个?
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(四)反意疑问句 附在陈述句后对陈述内容进行反问的句子叫作反意疑问句,也叫附加疑
英语基本句型ppt课件
句型 主句+连词+从句;或连词+从句+主句 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot
of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
9
1. We often study Chinese
history on Friday afte简rn单oo句n.
O(多指物)
1. She passed 2. She cooked 3. He brought 8. He bought 5. I showed 6. I gave 7. I told 4. He showed
him her husband you her him him me
a new dress. a delicious meal. a dictionary. nothing. my pictures. a hand. how to run the machine. that the bus was late.
3)祈使句:Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class.
4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!
2
按句子的结构可分三种:
1)简单句: 2) 并列句: 3)复合句:
3
1)简单句:只有一个主语(或 并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列 谓语)。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said
the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. "Good morning."
of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
9
1. We often study Chinese
history on Friday afte简rn单oo句n.
O(多指物)
1. She passed 2. She cooked 3. He brought 8. He bought 5. I showed 6. I gave 7. I told 4. He showed
him her husband you her him him me
a new dress. a delicious meal. a dictionary. nothing. my pictures. a hand. how to run the machine. that the bus was late.
3)祈使句:Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class.
4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!
2
按句子的结构可分三种:
1)简单句: 2) 并列句: 3)复合句:
3
1)简单句:只有一个主语(或 并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列 谓语)。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said
the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. "Good morning."
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否定结构陈述句
1.Be动词的否定句
I am not a student. He is not my teacher. **进行时和被动语态 (现在时,过去时,进行时的被动语态) 都有be 动词所以它们的否定句与be动词的否定同形. They are not cleaning the room. 他们没在打扫房间。 He was not elected as the monitor. 他没有被选为班长。
What a beautiful city (it is)! 多么美丽的一个城市!
②What+形容词+可数名词复数 (+主语+谓语)!
What clever monkeys! 多么聪明的猴子!
③What+形容词+不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)!
What cold weather it is! 多么寒冷的天气!
4.行为动词的否定句
主语+do/does/did + not + 动词原形 They do not live in shanghai. He does not do his home work every day. They did not have the meeting yesterday. She did not pass the English exam yesterday.
Be型 Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分。Be quiet! 安静!
Let me help you. Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。
让我帮助你。
Do 型: (1) 不及物动词+其他成分。 Come here! 过来! Look! 看! Come in! 进来! (2)及物动词+宾语+其他成分。 Close the door! 关门! Open your books! 翻开课本! Be 型: 系动词+表语+其他成分。 Be quiet, please! 请安静! Be careful! 小心!
2.情态动词的否定句
I can not do it by myself. You must not take the books out. 你一定不能把书拿出去。 3.完成时的否定 I have not finished the job. He has not had his lunch yet. He had not designed any plan by the end of last month.
Let型: Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。 Let's go at once. 咱们马上走。 Let me try again. 让我们再试一次。 Let her tell everyone . 让她告诉每一个人 Let tom go there . 让Tom 去那边。
2.否定祈使句的表现形式: (1)Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t构成。 ①Don’t forget me! 不要忘记我!
Don’t make such a noise. ②Don’t be late for school! 上学不要迟到!
(2)Let型的否定式有两种: Don’t +let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分 Let+宾语+not+动词原形+ 其他成分 Don’t let him go. /Let him not go. 别让他走。 Let’s/Let us /Let me +not + 动词原形 + 其他成分 Let’s not say anything about it. (3)有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟!
(二)祈使句
祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、建议、请求或命令 等。主语you通常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句 号。表达请求或劝告时,祈使句句末或句首可以加上please表 示委婉的语气。
1.肯定祈使句的表现形式:
Do型 动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。
Please have a seat. 请坐。
(2) how引导的感叹句 (中心词是形容词 , 副词或,动词 )
①How + 形容词/副词+ (主语+谓语)!
How clever (the boy is)! 这个孩子是多么聪明!
How fast (he drives)! 风筝飞得多么高啊!
②How+ 形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+ (主语+谓语)!
Let’s 和 let us 区别: Let’s 包括对方, let us不包括对方。 Let’s go .shall we. 咱么去吧,怎么样? Yes let’s /No let’s not . Let us go, will you? 让我们去吧,行吗?
(三) 感叹句ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
1.感叹句的概念 感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等感情的句子,感叹句用感叹号 “!”。
句子的种类
英语的句子按照用途可分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使 句和感叹句。
(一)陈述句
用来陈述一件事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫作陈述句, 句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否 定句。 I like apples. 我喜欢苹果。 Tom is not good at English. 汤姆英语学得不好。
2.感叹句的种类
感叹句一般用what 或how开头,其具体用法如下:
(1) what引导的感叹句 (中心词是名词)
①What +a/an+ 形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!
What a cold day (it is) !
多么冷的一天啊!
What a clever boy (he is)! 多么聪明的男孩!
How cold a day (it is)! 多么冷的一天啊!
③How+陈述句 (主语+谓语)!
How I miss you!
我多么想念你啊!
How she loves her daughter!
陈述句变感叹句 一 断 , 二 去, 三 加, 四改变。 一 断, 找到陈述句的主谓,断开句子. 二去, 断开后,如果后部分的中心词是形容词或副词,去掉它们的修饰词. 三加,如果后部分的中心词是名词就加 what, 是形容词或副词就加 How. 四改变, 调整语序,大小写,句末加 ! 陈述句 Tom is very famous. 一断 Tom is / very famous. 二去 Tom is / famous. 三加 Tom is /how famous. 四改变 How famous tom is !