英语复合句的翻译方法演示文稿
高考英语英汉复合句的对比分析与翻译策略研究课件
(逻辑顺序)
3、因为我们是为人民服务的，/ 所以，我们如果有缺点，/
就不怕别人批评指出。
（因果）
（假设）
Attention
现代汉语也允许有类似于英语的主从排列方式： a. 这只船容易颠覆，因为它造型不合理。
This boat is apt to overturn because it is unresonably shaped. b. 他没有生活，尽管天气很冷。
02 情先说，原因或条件先说。
时间顺序
表前时，英语语序以“主——从”为主。
01
a. I didn't start my meal until Adam arrived. 亚当来后我才吃饭。
b. Many centuries had passed before man learned to make fire. 过了好几个世纪，人类才学会取火。
逻辑顺序
2）在表示条件（假设）与结果关系的英语复句里，条件（假设）与 结果的顺序也不固定，“主——从，从——主”两种结构皆可。而 汉语多数情况则是条件（假设）在前，结果在后。
a. Demerol can cause cardiac arrest if too large a dose is given. 杜冷丁剂量过大会导致心脏停搏。
时间顺序
逻辑顺序
1）表达因果关系时，连词可以使复合句里的主从顺序灵活安置，“因— —果”“果——因”皆可。
a. Since you don't want to go, we won't force you to. 既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。
b. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization food price index, considered the best measure of global food inflation, saw its first decline in 15 months in April, as wheat, dairy, sugar and soya bean prices fell. 由于小麦、牛奶、糖以及大豆价格下降，联合国粮农组织（FAO）的粮 食价格指数在4月份出现了15个月来的首次下跌。该指数被认为是衡量 全球食品通货膨胀的最佳指标。
英语复合句的翻译方法
Literal translation can retain the rhetorical style, language features, and expression of the original text, making the translation more faithful to the original text and easy to understand.
01
When translating English compound sentences, attention should be paid to preserving the style and characteristics of the original text, such as rhetorical devices, tone, etc.
Grammar correctness
When translating compound sentences, attention should be paid to the correctness of grammar to ensure that the structure, tense, voice, and other aspects of the sentence are consistent with the original text.
The translator organizes the translated text to ensure a logical flow, using appropriate punctuation marks and presence structure
Preserving the original meaning
英语复合句翻译PPT课件
Teaching objectives
To familiarize learners with the basic translation principles and techniques for English compound
sentences.
To provide learners with practical translation exercises and examples to enhance their translation skills.
Definition of compound sentences
01
复合句是由一个主句和一个或多 个从句组成的句子。
02
主句是句子的主体，表达完整的 思想，而从句则对主句进行补充 、解释或修饰。
Classification of compound sentences
并列复合句
由两个或多个并列从句组成，各 从句之间由并列连词连接，表示 并列关系。
主从复合句
由一个主句和一个或多个从句组 成，从句由关联词引导，修饰主 句。
The characteristics of compound sentences
01
02
03
结构复杂
复合句通常包含多个从句 和修饰语，结构较为复杂。
信息量大
复合句能够表达更多的信 息，使句子更加丰富和具 体。
表达力强
复合句能够更准确地表达 复杂的思想和情感，增强 语言的表达力。
Translation of compound sentences related to
technology
01
技术英语复合句的特点
技术英语复合句通常涉及专业术语，句式结构较为固定，表述严谨且逻 辑性强。
英语复合句的翻译方法演示文稿
她和丈夫都属于工薪阶层，所以无论她怎样精打细算，他
们的一点储蓄还是被飞涨的物价给蚀空了。 （让步状语从句后置）
第十四页，共15页。
3.分译法。
所谓分译，就是把状语从句拆分出来，使其单独成
句，意思上更清楚。
果关系，不失为地道的汉语。
第十五页，共15页。
第七页，共15页。
5.译成带有“这”字的单句
He admired Mrs. Brown, which suprises me.
他佩服布朗太太，这使我感到惊奇。
They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which
enraged all of us.
他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很气愤。 She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was.
我们要把这孩子送到英国接受更好的教育。
The serviceman will send the washing machine to the
repair shop, where it will be checked and repaired. 维修工将把这台洗衣机送到维修部检修。
英文中主从句的动词不一样时，可以不译关系代词，直接 把这两个动词连起来翻译，显得句子前后意思更连贯。
科研论文，去年没有给他升职加薪。（原因状语从句提前）
If a balloon could be made large enough, he
speculated, then maybe a nonstop flight could be
EEC英语复合句ppt课件
EEC 英语复合句ppt 课件英语从句English ClausesThe tall boy is my best friend.(定语)The boy in blue is my best friend. (定语)The boy playing basketball is my best friend. (定语)The girl who is in red is my sister.(定语从句)We talk about him.（宾语）We talk about it. （宾语）We talk about what to do. （宾语）We talk about swimming .（宾语）We talk about what he said.（宾语从句）时间状语宾语从句宾语从句定语从句His father works in a factory that makes TV sets.He told me that he would be a volunteerI asked him when he visited the Ice and Snow World.Mike took many photos when he visited the Palace Museum. 定语从句The Attributive Clause宾语从句The Object Clause状语从句Adverbial Clauses定语从句宾语从句时间状语从句位置用法放在名词代词之后，修饰名词代词放在动词、介词、某些be+adj.结构之后放在主句之后或之前，修饰动词定语从句The Attributive Clause 位置关系代词动词时态注意动词的时态变化，词形变化指人用who, that,whom,whose指物用which,that放在名词代词之后，修饰先行词关系副词表时间用when表地点用where1. 和我在一起学习的那个人是苏珊2. 那是我爸爸给我买的那本书3.这是我将永远不会忘记的地方4. 澳大利亚是唯一的我想要去的地方The person ___studies with me is Susan.That is the book ___ my father bought for meThis is the place ____I will never forgetAustralia is the only place ____I want to go to.关系代词与关系副词的区别：关系代词引导定语从句必须在从句中充当主语或宾语This is the room which I live in .(作宾语)This is the room where I live. (作状语)关系副词引导定语从句必须在从句中充当状语This is the room in which I live.This is the place _________I visited last year.The city ________I have been is Beijing.宾语从句The Object Clause 语序连接词时态陈述句语序(连接词+主语+ 谓语)三种主从句时态要呼应位置动词、介词、be＋adj.结构之后你能告诉我你最喜欢那门学科吗？Could you tell me我问麦克他是否看过这部电影I asked Mike他说他将尽最大努力去帮助地球She said 医生问麦克怎幺了。
复合句讲解英语ppt课件
After I found the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen. After finding the door unlocked, I went into the kitchen.
Findin现g在th分e词d作oo状r 语unlocked, I went into the kitchen.
.
复合句的灵活运用
我们可以把一些简单句连在一起组成复合句， 以下是我们常用的一 些连词: when, until, after, as soon as, while, before, because, as, since, to, in order to, although, who, which and that.
Destroyed during the war, the city has now been completely rebuilt.
练一练
They heard the news. They jumped with joy.
Hearing the news, they jumped with joy.
happy.
主谓宾宾补
主语S I
系动词V am
.
表语P very happy.
主系表
并列句
用but, and, so, or, either, neither…..等并列连词,把两句或两句以上 的简单句连在一起。
Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?
so • I did not know the way, I asked a porter. • He spoke neither slowly nor clearly. • He must be either mad or wise.
英语中什么叫复合句之欧阳家百创编
英语中什么叫复合句？欧阳家百（2021.03.07）复合句（Complex Sentence）由一个主句（Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。
从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。
所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。
复合句（The Complex Sentence）：句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，叫做复合句。
复合句可分为：1).定语从句（The Attributive Clause）；2).状语从句（The Adverbial Clause）；3).名词性从句（The Noun Clause）一、定语从句·定语从句的定义定语从句在句子中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。
·先行词和引导词被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词；在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。
引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。
·关系代词和关系副词关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
关系副词有：when, where, why。
注意：关系副词里面没有how。
如果要修饰方式，用that或in which引导，或者不用引导词。
I don’t like the way (that, in which) he eyed me.我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
·关系代词：who关系动词who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语。
He is the man who wants to see you.He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday.·关系代词：whomHe is the man （whom） I saw in the park yesterday.（whom在从句中作宾语）·关系代词：whosewhose 用来指人或物，（只能用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
复合句的译法
4) 有些定语从句汉译时可不必重复关系 代词所代替的词，而将其译成人称代 词 “他” ﹑“他们” 等。例如：
I
told the news to Robert, who (and
he) told it to his friend Larry, and soon the news spread all over the campus.
再如：
He
insisted on building another house which he had no use for. 他坚持再建一座他不用的房子。× 他坚持再建一座房，这房他不用。× 他虽自己不用，但仍坚持再建一座房。 尽管他并没有这样的需要，仍坚持再 建一座房子。 他坚持再建一座房子，尽管他并无此 需要。
1) 一般说来，限定性定语从句(尤其是 简短的定语从句)多半译成汉语的前置 定语，修饰其后的先行词。例如： To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them. 诚然，一个宏伟的重建计划也许能为 许多需要工作的人提供就业机会。 He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。
这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在纸盒
里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠 偷吃了放在纸盒里的蛋糕。
5. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that lay in the paper box that Mike made. 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在迈克 做的纸盒里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠 偷吃了放在迈克做的纸盒里的蛋糕。 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠 偷吃了放在纸盒里的蛋糕。纸盒是 迈克做的。
高中语法复合句用法讲解课件 (共15张PPT)
疑问句中应该用 形式主语It 句型
2 Whatever we do must be in the interest of the people. ( √ ) It must be in the interest of the people whatever we do ( × )
名词性关系代词whatever/whoever/whichever /wherever/what引导的主语从句一般放在句首
宾语从句并列时,只省略 第一个 that
4. Everything depends on whether we have enough time. ( if )
5. I don’t know whether he will come or not. ( if )
6. The question is whether he will agree . ( if )
4. 据说他已告诉了她一切.
It is said that he told her everything.
It is said只有 it 句型
More
注意: It looked that he was right. ( × ) 可以说: It looks as if….
7
2018-9-29
1 Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture? ( √ ) Is that the scientist will give us a lecture true? ( )
比较: The man looked around. 那人看了看四周. (名词作主语)
That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother.
英语复合句的翻译方法
（二）状语从句的翻译 -顺译法、换序法、合译法、转译法
1.顺译法。 一般来说，状语从句的位置刚好符合汉语的叙事顺 序，在这种情况下，就可以直接原文顺序翻译。
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet 武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处。（地点状语从句）
There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless. 有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。
There have been good results in the experiments that have given him great encouragement. 实验中的良好结果给了他莫大的鼓舞。
一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多少成就的。
The few points which the president stressed in his
report are very important indeed.
院长在报告中强调的几点的确A 很重要。
4
2.译成谓语的一部分。
There are many students in this class who come from big cities. 这个班的许多学生来自大城市。
A
2
She went back to take care of her husband who was seriously ill.
她回去照顾她的丈夫，他严重地病了。 她回去照料病重的丈夫。
译者不应为翻译而翻译。一切翻译应把准确表达意 思放在首位，能简则简，能直译则直译；其次，灵 活多变地运用各种翻译技巧，帮助再现原文的内容 和风貌。
专业英语翻译中复合句的译法(1)
如：Concrete is a sort of composite material, which
（2）变序译法 有时英语长句的叙述层次与汉语相 反，这时就需从英语原文的后面译起， 自下向上，逆做英语原文的顺序翻译。 如：You must fix in mind the symbols and formulate, deformation and laws of plyics, on matter how complex they may be, when you come in contace them, in order that youmay understand the subject better and lay a solid foundation for further study.
The melting point of steel the carbon content of which is higher is lower.如果钢的含碳量 越高，则其熔点越低。 4）当定语从句在意义上相当于整个句子中的 一个句子成分时，译成汉语简单句。
如：Hydrogen, which is the lights element, has only one electron.氢是最轻 的元素，它只有一个电子。 They will do all that can to raise the quality of all the products.他们尽最大努力 来提高所有产品的质量。
《中学英语复合句》PPT课件
right now.
4. I had no i同de位a语th从at句you were her
that
＊只起连接作用，
(1)从属连词 whether
不充当从句
if/as if
中的任何成分。
(只用于表语从句）
what who which＊既起连接作用，
(2)连接代词 whom whose
whatever whichever
2.It +be +形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句
It is good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school.
It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting
whoever
本身又做从句的 主语、宾语、 表语或 定语（whose）。
when
(3)连接副词 why
where
＊既起连接作用， 本身又做从句的状语。
how，how many，how much，
主语从句一般有三种结构： 1. 主语从句+谓语+（宾语） That she will win the match is certain.
Beijing ,the capital of China, is my hometown.
同位语从句
We heard the news that our team had won.
We were happy to hear the news that was announced
by our boss.
2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
复合句的译法1
刚才主席对我所说的热情 友好的话使我深受感动。
2）一些结构比较复杂，或意 义上有较强独立性的限制性 定语从句，通常译成后置的 并列分句。采取这种译法往 往要重复关系代词所替代的 词，有时可在此词前加指示 词 “这” 、“这些” 等：
which prevernted the train from
running.
大雨冲走了铁轨，火车因此无 法行驶。
6. Subjectivism and one-sidedness
developed in his thinking and
he made erroneous decision on
一) 定语从句的译法: 英语定语从句的结构有简 有繁，对先行词的限制有 强有弱；而汉语里没有类 似英语定语从句的结构， 因此汉译时需灵活处理。
1) 一般说来，限定性定语从句 (尤其是简短的定语从句)多半 译成汉语的前置定语，修饰其 后的先行词。
To be sure, a great rebuilding
2. A sailor who was fixing a rope lost balance and tumbled overboard.
一个水手正在系绳子的时候，失去平 衡掉到水里去了。
3. He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument.
There are many people who want to see the film.
许多人要看这部电影。
There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.
复合句的英语例子
复合句的英语例子【篇一：复合句的英语例子】it seems that the rain has stopped.宾语从句when we planned to go shopping, it began to rain.状语从句【篇二：复合句的英语例子】英语复合句的从句有三种类型：1. 名词从句：主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句.2. 定语从句,3. 状语从句.复合句复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子, 其中有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子的某一(些)成分, 如主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语, 状语, 同位语等.除了主句以外,它有主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,和状语从句.主句和从句之间由从属连词连接.主语从句主语从句的引导词；主句的谓语动词,一般用单数.如：1. that the earth goes around the sun is known to all.( = it is known to all that the earth goes around the sun. )2. whether she will come is up to her boss.（此时不能用if）主语从句的一些常见句型需要注意.如：it is reported that…it must be pointed out that…it is likely that…it happens that…宾语从句宾语从句的引导词和引导词的省略以及从句的语序.如：1. he believed that walking under a ladder brings bad luck.2. you can learn what you do not know from the class.3. let me know which of the books is the best.表语从句：be动词或者系动词后面跟主语补足语.1. the assumption is that things will improve.2. china is not what it used to be.同位语从句同位语从句的特点是由一个抽象名词+that从句构成,引导词一般是that,而且that在从句中不充当任何成分.这些抽象名词有：news, idea, fact,doubt, evidence, promise, rumor, hope, truth, belief, message 等,同位语从句是对抽象名词进行说明解释.1. the news that our football team at last defeated korea madethe fans wild with joy.比较：the news that made the fans wild with joy was from the radio.（定语从句）2. there is much evidence that the crime rate in this city is onthe rise.定语从句定语从句主要用来修饰它前面的先行词（名词或代词）的从句,所以又称形容词从句.根据与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.定语从句主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词；介词＋引导词以及非限制性定语从句.具体考点如下：引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词(as, when, where, why)等.但是当下列情况出现时,对引导词有特殊要求.1. 当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, little, much时；当先行词被all, no, some, any, every, a few, a little, much, only, very修饰时；当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句的引导词用that.例：all that you want are here.there is no person that doesnt make mistakes. 没有人不犯错误. his is the best book that i have ever read.2. the same ...as, such...as中的as可以指人或物,作从句的主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语.如：such money as he earned was spent on spirits and tobacco.is this the same mosquito as bit you just now?he was not half such a coward as we took him for.3. why引导表示原因的定语从句,其先行词一般是reason.当主句主语是reason时,作主句表语的成分不能有because和because of.其结构一般为the reason why…is that…,或者the reason that…is that…,如：he did not tell us the reason why he was late again.the reason why（that）he didnt come is that he was ill.4. 当定语从句为there be句型时,关系代词只能用that.this is the only that there is a read cover.5. 当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时,关系代词只能用that.who is the girl that is talking to tom.6. 如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词,并同时兼指人和物时,关系代词用that.we are talking about the people and countries that we have visited在介词+which / whom的结构中,介词的选择取决于三种情况：1. 定语从句中谓语动词或表语的搭配this is the college in which i am studying.he is the man about whom we are talking.2. 先行词与介词的习惯搭配当先行词表示领域、方面时,如：aspect, respect, area, field等,用in which；当先行词表示价格、利率、速度时,如：rate, price, speed等,用at which；当先行词表示程度时,如：degree,extent等,用to which；当先行词表示根据、依据、基础时,如：grounds,foundation, basis等,用on whichthe speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter.it is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price changewill affect supply and demand.3. 当定语从句为最高级时只能用of which,否则用其他介词i have five dictionaries of which longman dictionary is the best.i have five dictionaries among which longman dictionary is the best.当先行词为表示时间的名词（如：time, day, year, week, month, occasion）或地点的名词（如：place, room, city, country）时,一般用关系副词when和where.分别相当于in which, at which, on which.但是当这些表示时间或地点的名词作从句的宾语时,则要用关系代词that或which.i cant forget the days when (in which) i lived with you.can you tell me the day when (on which)the first satellite was sentinto space?china is the only country where (in which ) wild pandas can be found.ill never forget the village where i spent my childhood.i will never forget the days that (which) i spent in beijing university. (本句days作spend的宾语,故用关系代词that / which )i have never been to beijing, but its the place that i most want tovisit.(本句place作visit的宾语.)非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 一般用引导词which / as或who（指人）,非限定性定语从句既可以修饰主句的部分内容,也可修饰主句的全部内容.as引导的非限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,但which或who引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在主句句首.as we all know, the moon is a satellite of the earth.his speech, which bored us to death, was over at last.her sister, who lived in another city, was coming to visit her.状语从句状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语.一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式.尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词.现分别列举如下：1．时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before,after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner…than, hardly…when, scarcely…wheni didnt realize how special my father was until i was 18.2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere,everywherewherever you go, you should work hard.3．原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as, since 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, consideringthe higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people frombuying things.4．目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that特殊引导词：lest, incase, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the endthatthe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that hecould sign them.5．结果状语从句常用引导词：so…that, so…that, such…that 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree thathe got up so early that he caught the first bus.its such a good chance that we must not miss it.6．条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless 特殊引导词：as / so long as, onlyif, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on conditionthatwell start our project if the president agrees.7．让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词：as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装）,while (一般用在句首), no matter…, in spite of the fact that, while, w hatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichevermuch as i respect him, i cant agree to his proposal.8．比较状语从句常用引导词：as（同级比较）, than（不同程度的比较）特殊引导词：the more…the more…, just as…, so…; a is to b what /as x is to y, no…more than, no…less than, a not so much as b she is as bad-tempered as her mother.9．方式状语从句常用引导词：as, as if, how特殊引导词：the way when inrome, do as the roman do.。
英语复合句PPT优秀课件
that
和物
句 和物
非限 制性 定语
代替人 和物
which
which
which
11
关系副词与先行词的关系
先行词 关系副词
在从句中作用
时间名词 when=at,on,in,
时间状语
during / which
地点名词 where=in, at/which 地点状语
只有reason why=for which 原因状语
先行词 关系代词
（ 关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that连接）
There is not an easy question that you think it to be
（ 先行词） （关系代词）
（ 关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that连接）
14
注意的问题
One of+复数名词+关系从句的结构中， 关系分词的谓语有两种形式 先行词为复数，从句谓语用复数
13
Is there anyone whose name is wangli?
先行词 关系代词 ( 关系代词在从句中作主语）
The building whose roof we can see form here is
（先行词）
（关系代词）（ 关系代词在从句中作宾语）
She is no longer the girl that she was in her childhoo
（ 关系代词在从句中作宾语）
18
关系副词在定语从句中的应用
1. I shall never forget the day when (on which) new china was founded
先行词 关系代词 （ 关系代词在从句中作时间的状语）
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
（一）定语从句的翻译-合译法、分译法、转译法
1.合译法。
合译法是把主句和定语从句合译成一个单句的译法， 主要以限制性的定语从句为主。具体做法可以译成 定语（“的”字结构）、谓语、兼语式的一部分或带 有“这”字的单句。
1. 译成定语（“的”字结构）. A man who doesn’t try to learn from others cannot hope to achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多少成就的。 The few points which the president stressed in his report are very important indeed. 院长在报告中强调的几点的确很重要。
2.译成谓语的一部分。
There are many students in this class who come from big cities. 这个班的许多学生来自大城市。
There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless. 有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。
She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
有些定语从句中的关系代词并不是指主句中的一个词，而是 指整个主句，一般将其译成“这”或“这一点”。主句的译 本身不是一个分句，而是“这”的同位语。
4.译成连动式的一部分。
He took a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly. 他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。
We’ll send the boy to Britain, where he will receive better education. 我们要把这孩子送到英国接受更好的教育。
There have been good results in the experiments that have given him great encouragement. 实验中的良好结果给了他莫大的鼓舞。
3.译成兼语式的一部分。
I need someone who can instruct me in my English study. 我需要一个人来指导我学英语。
We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be so busy. 我们把郊游推迟到下星期，那时我们就不会这么忙了。 They will fly to Kunming, where they plan to stay for two or three days, and then go to Guilin. 他们将乘飞机到昆明，在那儿停留两三天，然后去桂林。
My wife’s mother wanted to marry him before he left for England, but he refused, because he didn’t want her to be so young a widow.
1.分译法。
1.译出关系代词或关系副词
He has been to Paris, which he thinks is the most beautiful city in the world. 他去过巴黎，他认为巴黎是世界上最美的城市。
The note was left by Mr. Wang, who was here a moment ago. 这张条子是王先生留的，他刚才来过。
（二）状语从句的翻译 -顺译法、换序法、合译法、转译法
1.顺译法。 一般来说，状语从句的位置刚好符合汉语的叙事顺 序，在这种情况下，就可以直接原文顺序翻译。
Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and合处。（地点状语从句）
When I passed by, I saw a man who was writing something in the room. 我从这里路过时，看到一个人在屋子里写字。
I have three letters which I must write this afternoon. 我有三封信必须今天下午写出来。
She went back to take care of her husband who was seriously ill. 她回去照顾她的丈夫，他严重地病了。 她回去照料病重的丈夫。
译者不应为翻译而翻译。一切翻译应把准确表达意 思放在首位，能简则简，能直译则直译；其次，灵 活多变地运用各种翻译技巧，帮助再现原文的内容 和风貌。
The serviceman will send the washing machine to the repair shop, where it will be checked and repaired. 维修工将把这台洗衣机送到维修部检修。
英文中主从句的动词不一样时，可以不译关系代词，直接 把这两个动词连起来翻译，显得句子前后意思更连贯。
英语复合句的翻译 方法演示文稿
I gave my youth to the sea and I gave my wife my old age.
原译：我把青春献给了海洋，我回家的时候便把 老年给了我的妻子。 改译：我把青春献给了海洋，等我回家见到妻子时， 已是白发苍苍。
常见的翻译方法是调整原文语序和原文长度。若 一味地忠实于原文，那么译文轻则出现“翻译腔”， 生硬难解；重则文理不通，结构混乱，表达错误。
5.译成带有“这”字的单句
He admired Mrs. Brown, which suprises me. 他佩服布朗太太，这使我感到惊奇。
They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. 他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家都很气愤。