英国文学课后习题
【答案】英国文学史及选读-unite9课后习题答案.docx
Unti 9 Critial realism1.In the 19th century English Literature, a new literary trend_critical realism__ appeared after the romantic poetry.2.The greatest English relist of the 19th century was _CharlesDickens___, who pictures bourgeois civilization, and shows the misery and suffering of the common people.3.The Victorian Age in English literature was largely an age of prose,especially of the _novel__4.Robert Browning is a great experimenter in poetic art. He is bestknown for the technique of _dramatic monologue____5.The most important poet of the Victorian Age was _Tennyson___. Nextto him were Robert Browning and his wife.6.The novel __The_Pickwick Papers__ deals with the adventure of Mr.Pickwick, a retired old merchant, who is the founder and chairman of the Pickwick Club.7.!8.The novel “Oliver Twist” tells the story of a poor child named__Oliver Twist__ who is born in a workhouse and brought up under miserable conditions.9.The subtitle of “Vanity Fair “ is _A Novel Without a Hero___. Thewriter’s intention was not to portray individuals, but the bourgeois and aristocratic society as a whole.10.The main plot of “ Vanity Fair” centers on the story of two women:Amelia Sedley and _Rebecca Sharp___. Their character are in sharp contrast.11.Charlotte Bronte’s masterp iece is_Jane Eyre__.12.Emily Bronte’s masterpiece is _Wuthering Heights___.13.The author of the “Return of the Native “ is _Thomas Hardy____.14.George Eliot produced three remarkable novels including “ AdamBede”, “The Mill on the Floss” and “___’15.Among Hardy’s novels, the best-known are ____ and the “Jude theObscure”.16.。
英国文学史习题全集(含答案)
Part One Early and Medieval English LiteratureⅠ. Fill in the blanks.1. In 1066, ____, with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeating England.A. William the ConquerorB. Julius CaesarC. Alfred the GreatD. Claudius2. In the 14th century, the most important writer (poet) is ____ .A. LanglandB. WycliffeC. GowerD. Chaucer3. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is ____.A. novelB. dramaC. romanceD. essay4. The story of ___ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales5. William Langland’s ____ is written in the form of a dream vision.A. Kubla KhanB. Piers the PlowmanC. The Dream of John BullD. Morte d’Arthur6. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. The Normans spoke _____.A. FrenchB. EnglishC. LatinD. Swedish7. ______ was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator of the Bible.A. LanglandB. GowerC. WycliffeD. Chaucer8. Piers the Plowman describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed, through which, we can see a picture ofthe life in the ____ England.A. primitiveB. feudalC. bourgeoisD. modern9. The theme of ____ to king and lord was repeatedly emphasized in romances.A. loyaltyB. revoltC. obedienceD. mockery10. The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called _____.A. Morte d’ArthurB. Robin HoodC. The Canterbury TalesD. Piers the Plowman11. ______, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in about1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden12. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in ____.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey13. Chaucer’s earliest work of any length is his _____, a translation of the French Roman de la Rose by Gaillaume de Lorrisand Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe.A. The Romaunt of the RoseB. “A Red, Red Rose”C. The Legend of Good WomenD. The Book of the Duchess14. In his lifetime Chaucer served in a great variety of occupations that had impact on the wide range of his writings. Whichone is not his career? ____.A. engineerB. courtierC. office holderD. soldierE. ambassadorF. legislator (议员)15. Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named _____ based on Boccaccio’s poem “Filostrato”.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Troilus and CriseydeC. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD. BeowulfKey to the multiple choices：1-5 ADCAB 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 ADAAB自考真题2002-4●.Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of ___ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literaryform in the medieval period.A.ChristianB.knightlyC.GreekD.primitive（B）●Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of ___.A.Piers PlowmanB.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC.Confessio AmantisD.The Canterbury Tales（D）●The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval Englishsociety and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ______________.A．William Langland’ s Piers Plowman B．Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC．John Gower’s Confession Amantis D．Sir Gawain and the Green Knight（B）Ⅱ. Questions1.What are the features of Beowulf?ment on the social significance and language in The Canterbury Tales.Part Two The English RenaissanceⅠ. Match the writer and his works.1.Thomas More2.Holinshed3.Hakluyt4.Richard Tottel5.Philip Sidney6.Walter Raleigh A.Apology for PoetryB.Miscellany of Songs and SonnetsC.UtopiaD.Discovery of GuianaE.Principal Navigations, Voyages and DiscoveriesF.ChroniclesThe key: (1—C 2—F 3—E 4—B 5—A 6—D)Ⅱ. Choose the best answer.1._____ founded the Tudor Dynasty, a centralized monarchy of a totally new type, which met the needs of the risingbourgeoisie.A. Henry VB. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. James I2.The first complete English Bible was translated by _______, “the morning star of the Reformation” and his followers.A. William TyndalB. James IC. John WycliffeD. Bishop Lancelot Andrews3.The progress in industry at home stimulated the commercial expansion abroad. ____ encouraged exploration and travel,which were compatible with the interests of the English merchants.A. Henry V.B. Henry VIIC. Henry VIIID. Queen Elizabeth4.Except being a victory of England over ___, the rout of the fleet “Armada” (Invincible) was also the triumph of the risingyoung bourgeoisie over the declining old feudalism.A. SpainB. FranceC. AmericaD. Norway5.Those, both traders and pirates like ____, established the first English colonies.A. Francis DrakeB. Lancelot AndrewsC. William CaxtonD. William Tyndal6.____ was a forerunner of classicism in English literature.A. Ben JohnsonB. William ShakespeareC. Thomas MoreD. Christopher Marlowe7.The most gifted of the “university wits” was ____.A. LylyB. PeeleC. GreeneD. Marlowe8.Morality plays appeared after_____.A. miracle playsB. mystery playsC. interludeD. Classical plays9._____ is used to say and do good things.A. MercyB. FollyC. ViceD. Peace10._____is one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.A. Phillip SidneyB. Edmund SpenserC. Thomas MoreD. Walter Raleigh11._____ is not a famous translator in the English Renaissance.A. Thomas NorthB. Thomas WyattC. George ChapmanD. John Florio12.____ had supplied Shakespeare with the material for Julius Caesar.A.Lives of Greek and Roan Heroes《希腊罗马名人传》B.Miscellany of Songs and SonnetsC.Don QuixoteD.History of the World13.____ was one of the first to see the relation between wealth and poverty to understand that the rich were becomingricher by robbing the poor.A. John WycliffeB. William CaxtonC. Geoffrey ChaucerD. Thomas More14.Utopia was written in the form of _____.A. proseB. dramaC. essayD. dialogue15.One of the popular morality plays was ____.A. The ShepherdsB. EverymanC. The Play of the WeatherD. Gammer Gurton’s Needle16.Shakespeare’s plays written between _____ are sometimes called “romances” and all end in reconciliation and reunion.A. 1590 and 1594B. 1595 and 1600C. 1601 and 1607D. 1608 and 161217.Miranda is a heroine in Shakespeare’s ______.A. PericlesB. CymbelineC. The Winter’s TaleD. The Tempest18.In _____ appeared Shakespeare’s Sonnet，Never before Imprinted（《莎士比亚十四行诗》“迄今从未刊印过”）whichcontains 154 sonnets.A. 1606B. 1607C. 1608 160919.Shakespeare is one of the founders of ____.A. romanticismB. realismC. naturalismD. classicism20.Among many poetic forms, Shakespeare was especially at home (good at) with the _______.A. dramatic blank verseB. songC. sonnetD. couplet21.In the plays, Shakespeare used about ______words.A. 15000B. 16000C. 17000D. 1800022._____has been called the summit of the English Renaissance.A. Christopher MarlowB. Francis BaconC. W. ShakespeareD. Ben JohnsonKey to the multiple choices:1-5 BCDAA 6-10 DDCBA 11-15 BDADA 16-22 ACBADDBⅢ. Fill in the blanks.1.The ____ was universally used by the Catholic Churches.2.The English translation of the Bible emerged as a result of the struggle between ____ and ___.3.The Bible was notably translated into English by the ____.4.The first complete English Bible was translated by ____, “the morning star of the _____”.5._____ translated the New Testament and portions of the Old Testament, which is known as Tyndale’s Bible.6.After Tydale’s Bible, then appeared the ______, which was made in 1611 under the auspices of _____. And so wassometimes called the ____.7.Apart from the religious influence, the Authorized Version has had a great influence on English ___ and ____.8.With the widespread influence of the English Bible, the standard modern English has been _____ and _____.9. A great number of ____and phrases have passed into daily English speech as household words.10.The ____and ____ language of the Authorized Version has colored the style of the English prose for the last 300 years.11.____ was the first English printer.12.William Caxton was a prosperous merchant himself, but he was fond of ___ , and his interest was turning to ____.13.He translated The Recuyell of Historyes of Troy into English from French which was the ___ book printed in English.14.The Recuyell served as a source for ____ Troilus and Cressida. 《特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达》15.After having established his printing press, William Caxton devoted himself to the career of a ____ and _____.16.William Caxton published about ____ books, ___ of which were translated by himself.17.By rendering (翻译) French books into English, Caxton exercised the youthful language in the airs (曲调), the graces, thecrafts of the elder and contributed to the development of the style of ___ century English ____.18.The influence of Caxton’s publications is also great in fixing a ____ language in England.19.As the first English printer, Caxton invented in England the profession of ____, which in fact has had a lasting significanceto the development of English ___ as a whole.20.The Renaissance started in the ______ century and ended in the ______century.21.The word, “renaissance” means ________, which was stimulated by a series of historical events, such as ________.22.In the Renaissance, the humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of those old ____in medieval Europe, to introducenew ideas that expresses ____ of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the ____of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.23.____ is the theme of the English Renaissance, which emphasized the capacities of ____and the achievements of ____.24.____ Stanza is a verse form created by _____ for his poem, ______, in which the rhyme scheme is ____.25.The Wars of the Roses (1455—1485) between the House of ___ and the House of ___ struggling for the Crowncontinued for 30 years.26.Because of the conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and the King of England, the far-reaching movement of ___took place in England, started by Henry VIII.27.After ___ in England, the helpless, dispossessed peasants, being compelled to work at a low wage, became hiredlaborers for the merchants. These laborers were the fathers of modern English ___.28.The introduction of ___ to England by William Caxton (1476) brought classical works within reach of the commonmultitude.29.The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up ____of relations and the establishing of the foundations of____.30.Because the wool trade was rapidly growing in bulk, it was a time when, according to Thomas More, “___”.31.____ broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries and abbeys in the country, confiscated their lands andproclaimed himself head of the Church of England.32.Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of the English national state this period ismarked by a flourishing of national culture known as ____.33.____, in his translation of Virgil’s Aeneid, wrote the first English blank verse.34.Richard Tottel’s Miscellany of Songs and Sonnets contained _____ poems by ______ and _____ by _____.35.Philip Sidney thought that _____ had superiority over philosophy and history.36._____ is a picture of contemporary England with forcible exposure of the ___ among the laboring classes.37.More points out that the root of poverty is the ____ _____ of social wealth.38.Sonnets contain _____ sonnets and ____ sonnets.39.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its ____.40.The “miracles” were simple plays based on ______stories.41.There are significant touches of _____ life in the play titled The Shepherds.42. A morality play presented the _____ of good and _____ with _____personages.43.Vice was the predecessor of the modern _____.44.Through the revival of classical literature, English playwrights came into contact with ______ and ______drama.45.From the contact with Greek and Latin drama, English playwrights learned all the important rules in ____ and ____, themore exact conception of ____ and ____.46.English comedies and tragedies on classical models appeared in the middle of the ____ century.47.The first English comedy is ______.48.The first English tragedy is _____.49.Miracle plays, morality plays, interludes and classical plays paved the way for the flourishing of ____.50.In the 16th century _____ became the centre of English drama.51.By ____, professional actors were organized into companies.52.____ were wooden buildings, usually circular in form, with tiers（一排排）of galleries surrounding a roofless pit（楼下剧场）.53.In the Elizabethan Theater, there were no ____ and women’s parts were always taken by ____.54.Shakespeare’s narrative poem, Venus and Adonis, is full of vivid images of the ______, and aphorisms (格言、警句) onlife.55.Shakespeare was a great ____ of the English language.56.Shakespeare’s dramatic creation often used the method of _____.57.Shakespeare’s drama becomes a monument of the English ______.58.Shakespeare was a _____ for play-writing.59.Shakespeare’s _____ people represent all the complexities and implications of real life.Key to the blanks:tin Bible2.Protestantism; Catholicism3.Protestants4.John Wycliffe; Reformation5.William Tyndal6.Authorized Version, James I; King James Bible.nguage; literature8.fixed; confirmed9.Bible coinages10.simple; dignified11.William Caxton12.Reading; literature 13.First14.Shakespeare15.Printer; publisher16.100; 2417.15th ; prose18.National19.Publisher; culture20.14th; 17th21.Religious reformation22.feudalist ideas; interests; purity23.Humanism; human mind; human culture24.Spenserian; Edmund Spenser; The Faerie Queene; ababbcbccncaster; York26.The Reformation27.the Enclosure Movement; proletarians28.printing29.feudal; capitalism30.sheep devours men31.William VIII32.Renaissance33.Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey34.96, Sir Thomas Wyatt, 40, Henry Howard, Earlof Surrey35.poetry36.Utopia, Book One; poverty37.private ownership38.Italian/Petrarchan ; Shakespearean39.Drama40.Bible41.real 42.Conflict; evil; allegorical43.Clown44.Greek; Latin45.Structure; style; comedy; tragedy46.16th47.Gammer Gurton’s Needle 《葛顿大娘的缝衣针》48.Gorboduc 《高波特克》49.Drama50.London51.156752.Elizabethan theatres53.actress; boys54.countryside55.master56.adaptation (revision)57.Renaissance58.master-hand (能手)59.full-bloodⅣ. Say true or false.1.The old English aristocracy having been exterminated (wiped out) in the course of the War of the Roses, a new nobility,totally dependent on King’s power, come to the fore.2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of Queen Elizabeth.3.The progress of bourgeois economy made England a powerful state and enabled her in 1588 to inflict a defeat on theSpanish Invincible Armada.4.The Protestant Reformation was in essence a religious movement in a political guise.5.Before the Reformation, the English Bible was universally used by the Catholic churches.6.Walter Raleigh wrote his History of the World in imprisonment.7.More the man is even more interesting than More the writer.8.Utopia, Book One, describes an ideal communist society.9.Translations occupied an important place in the English Renaissance.10.Philip Sidney’s collection of love sonnets is Astrophel and Stella.11.The Miracle plays were not forbidden to perform in churches after the actors introduced secular and even comicalelements into the performance.12.The writer of Gammer Gurton’s Needle is unknown.13.Two lawyers who wrote Gorboduc were Thomas Sackville (托马斯·萨克维尔) and Thomas Norton（托马斯·诺顿）.14.Shakespeare’s sonnets are divided into three groups: Numbers 1—17, Numbers 18—126, and Numbers 127—154.15.Shakespeare’s sonnets are written for variety of virtues.16.Engels said, “Realism implies, besides truth in detail, the truthful reproduction of typical characters under typicalcircumstances.”17.Shakespeare wrote about his own people and for his own time.18.Shakespeare’s one play contains one theme. (contains more than one theme)19.To reproduce the real life, Shakespeare often combines the majestic with the funny, the poetic with the prosaic(散文体的) and tragic with the comic.20.Engels called Shakespeare’s plays the “Shakespearean vivacity (活泼、快活) and wealth of (大量的) action”.21.Utopia is More’s masterpiece, written in the form of letters between More and Hythloday, a voyage.22.Sir Philip Sidney is well-known as a poet and dramatist.23.Carl Marx commented highly on More’s Utopia and mentioned it in his great work, The Capital.24.The highest glory of the English Renaissance was unquestionably its poetry.25.The miracle plays were simple plays based on Bible stories, such as the creation of the world, Noah and the flood, andthe birth of Christ.26.Grammer Gurton’s Needle is the first English comedy, Gorboduc the first English tragedy.27.Both the gentlemen and the common people went to the theatres. But the upper class was the dominant force inElizabethan theatre.28.After Shakespeare’s death, Herminge and Condell collected and published his plays in 1623.29.From Shakespeare’s history plays, it can be seen that Shakespeare took a great interest in the political questions of histime.30.In Shakespeare’s historical plays, historical accuracy is not strictly regarded.31.King Lear is a tragedy of ambition, which drives a brave soldier and national hero to degenerate into a bloody murderand despot right to his doom.ing from an old Danish legend, Othello is considered the summit of Shakespeare’s art.33.Shakespeare is one of the founders of romanticism in world literature.34.Generally speaking, after Shakespeare, the English drama was undergoing a process of prosperity.35.English Renaissance Period was an age of poetry and drama, and was an age of prose.36.There are two main characters in As You Like It: Orlando and Rosalind.37.Ben Johnson’s comedies are “comedies of humors” and every character in his comedies personifies a definite “humor”.38.In Ben Johnson’s later years he became the “literary king” of his time.Key to the True/False statements:1.T2.T3.T4. F. (a political movement in a religious guise)5. F. (the Latin Bible)6.T7. F (Sidney)8.T9.T10.T11.T12.T13.F ( Book Two)14.T15.T16.T17.T18.F19.T20.T21.F (a conversation)22.F (poet and critic of poetry)23.F24.F(darma)25.T26.T 27.T28.T29.T30.T31.F (Macbeth)32.F (Hamlet)33.F (realism)34.F(decline)35.F (not an age of prose)36.T37.F (ordinary people were)38.TⅤ. Questions on the English Renaissancement on the image of Henry V and Sir John Falstaff.ment on the character of Hamlet.3.What are the features of Shakespeare’s drama?4.Remember Shakespeare’s major plays in each literary career.ment on Marlowe’s social significance and literary achievement.ment on The Faerie Queene.Part Three The Period of the English Bourgeois RevolutionI.Choose the right answer.1.The rhyme scheme of Milton’s L’Allkegro and Il Penseroso is _____.A. aabbccbbcB. abbacdccdC. abacdeecD. ababcdcdd2. _____ , as a declaration of people’s freedom of the press, has been a weapon in the later democratic revolutionarystruggles.A. On the Morning of Christ’s NativityB. ComusC. Of Reformation in EnglandD. Areopagitica3. ____ poems can be divided into two categories: the youthful love lyrics and the later sacred verses.A. John MiltonB. John BunyanC. John DonneD. John Dryden4. _____ expressed Donne’s own way of describing love.A. Holy SonnetsB. Witchcraft by a PictureC. The Sun RisingD. Death, Be Not Proud5. George Herbert’s ______ is a well-known shaped poem.A. The AltarB. To His Coy MistressC. To DaffodilsD. Gather Ye Rose Buds While Ye May6. ____ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan7. Which of the following is not a Metaphysical poet?A. Richard CrashawB. Henry VaughanC. Andrew MarvellD. Robert Burton8. ____is a prose poem on death and immortality.A. The Anatomy of MelancholyB. Religio MeciciC. Holy DyingD. Urn-Burial9. Izaak Walton’s ____ is a delightful description of the English countryside and the simple and kind people.A. The Compleat AnglerB. Holy LivingC. To His Coy MistressD. To Daffadils10. Who is the greatest figure of the Cavalier poetry?A. John SucklingB. Richard LovelaceC. Robert HerrickD. John Dryden11. ____was the forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the 19th century.A. John DrydenB. Richard SteeleC. Joseph AddisonD. Alexander PopeKey to the multiple choices: 1-5 CDCBA 6-11 ADDAADII.Fill in the blanks.1.In the field of prose writing of the Puritan Age, _______ occupies the most important place.2.The Pilgrim’s Progress is one of the most popular pieces of Christian writing produced during the _____ Age.3.______gives a vivid and satirical picture of Vanity Fair which is the symbol of London at the time of Restoration.4._____masterpiece, The Pilgrim’s Progress, is an allegory, a narrative in which general concepts such as sins, despair, andfaith are represented as people or as aspects of the natural world.5._____ is the most excellent representative of English classicism in the Restoration period.6.In English literature, the Restoration period is traditionally called “Age of _____.7.In political affairs, ____ was quite changeable in attitude.8.In his “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy”, ____ showed his famous appreciation of Shakespeare.9.Dryden wrote about 27 plays. The famous one is _______, a tragedy dealing with the same story as Shakespeare’s Antonyand Cleopatra.10.The main literary achievements of the 17th century lies in the poetry of John Milton, in the prose writing of John Bunyan,and in the plays and literary criticism of ______.11.Paradise Lost is one of Milton’s ______.12.Satan is the hero in Milton’s masterpiece __________.13.Paradise Lost took its material from ______.14.The works of the Metaphysical poets are characterized, generally speaking, by _____in content and fantasticality in form.15._______ was the forerunner of the English classical school of literature in the 18th century.16.Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost embody Milton’s belief in the powers of _____.17.The Pilgrim’s Progress is a religious allegory and _____ is another writing feature.18.In the second half of the 17th century we may hear the voices of the private citizens by letters and _____.Key to the blanks:1.(John Bunyan)2.(Puritan)3.(The Pilgrim’s Progress)4.(John Bunyan’s)5.(John Dryden)6.(Dryden)7.(John Dryden)8.(John Dryden)9.(All for Love)10.(John Dryden)11.(epics)12.(Paradise Lost)13.(mysticism)14.(the Bible)15.(Dryden)16.(man)17.(symbolism)18.(diaries)III.Say true or false.1.The major parliamentary clashes of the early 17th century were over land ownership.2.After the victory of the English Revolution, the movement of the Diggers broke out. The leader of this revolt is Wat Tyler.3.With the establishment of the bourgeois dictatorship, Charles II became the Protector of the English Commonwealth.4.The spirit of unity and the feeling of patriotism ended with the reign of James I, and England was then convulsed (shook,quivered) with the conflict between the two antagonistic camps, the Royalists and the Puritans.5.In 1644, James I was sentenced to death and Cromwell became the leader of the country.6.English literature of the 17th century witnessed a flourish on the whole.7.The Revolution Period produced one of the most important poets in English literature, William Shakespeare.8.The Revolution Period is also called Age of Milton because it produced a great poet whole name is William Milton.9.The main literary form in literature of Revolution Period is drama.10.Among the English poets during the Revolution Period, John Donne was the greatest one.11.John Milton towers over his age as Byron towers over the Elizabethan Age, and as Chaucer towers over the MedievalPeriod.12.On his first wife’s death, Milton wrote his only love poem, a sonnet, on His Deceased Wife.13.The greatest epic produced by Milton, Paradise Lose, is written in heroic couplets.14.The poem of Samson Agonistes was “to justify the ways of God to man”, i.e. to advocate submission to the Almighty.15.It has been noticed by many critics that the picture of Satan surrounded by his angels who never think of expressing anyopinions of their own, resembles the court of an absolute monarch.16.Izaak Walton’s The Compleat Angler becomes a “Piscatorial classic”.17.Thomas Browne’s Religia Medici is a collection of opinions on a vast number of subjects more or less connected withreligion.Key to True/False statements:1. F (ownership: monopolies)2. F (Wat Tyler: Gerald Winstanley)3. F (Charles II: Oliver Cromwell)4. F (Donne: Milton)5. F (James I: Charles I)6. F (flourish: decline)7.T (William Shakespeare)8. F (William: John)9. F (drama: poetry)10.F (James I: Elizabeth I)11.F (Byron: Shakespeare)12.F (first: second)13.F (heroic couplets: blank verse)14.F (Satan: God)15.F (Samson Agonistes: Paradise Lost)16.T17.TIV. Questions1.What are the writing features of The Pilgrim’s Progress?ment on the image of Satan.ment on Samson.Part Four The English Century Ⅰ. Match the works and the characters. (3 points)A1. ( ) Tome Jones2. ( ) The Vicar of Wakefield3. ( ) Robinson Crusoe4. ( ) Gulliver’s Travels5. ( ) Pamela6. ( ) The School for ScandalBa.Fridayb.King of Brodingnagc.Sophiad.Mr. Be.William Thornhillf.Charles SurfacThe key: (1—c, 2—e, 3—a, 4—b, 5—d, 6—f )Ⅱ. Choose the right answer.1.In 1701, Steele published a pamphlet, _____, in which he first displayed his moralizing spirit.A. The FuneralB. The Lying LoverC. The Christian HeroD. The Tender Husband2. Which is the most popular newspaper published by Steele?A. The TatlerB. The SpectatorC. The TheatreD. The English3. _____ is Addison’s great tragedy.A. A Letter from ItalyB. RosamondC. The CampaignD. Cato4. Which of the following is not the hero in The Spectator?A. Isaac BickerstaffB. Mr. RogerC. Captain SentryD. Andrew Freeport5. ______ were looked upon as the model of English composition by British authors all through the 18th century.A. Jeremy Taylor’s Holy LivingB. Thomas Browne’s Religio MeidicC. Samuel Pepys’s diariesD. Addison’s Spectator essays6. The most important classicist in the Enlightenment Movement is _____.A. SteeleB. AddisonC. PopeD. Dryden7. The masterpiece of Alexander Pope is ____.A. Essay on CriticismB. The Rape of the LockC. Essay on ManD. The Dunciad8. Essay on Man is a _____poem in heroic couplets.A. didacticB. satiricalC. philosophicalD. dramatic9. ____ was an intellectual movement in the first half of the 18th century.A. The Enclosure MovementB. The Industrial RevolutionC. The Religious ReformD. The Enlightenment10. The literature of the Enlightenment in England mainly appealed to the ____ readers.A. aristocraticB. middle classC. low classD. intellectual11. ____ is a great classicist but his satire is not always just.A. SteeleB. MiltonC. AddisonD. Pope12.The main literary stream of the 18th century was ____ . What the writers described in their works were mainly socialrealities.A. romanticismB. classicismC. realismD. sentimentalism。
英国文学习题及答案-推荐下载
第一部分The introduction of the old and medieval periodI.填空1. The time of old English literature is__________.2. The period extended from about 450-1066, the year of the Norman-France conquest of England is called__________.3. The major achievement of the old and medieval period is____________.4. Literature in this period is divided into ________________and_________________.5. Beowulf is an epic consist of ____lines and is to be divided into _____ part.II判断正误1. "The father of English song" is Caedmon, he wrote a poetic paraphrase of the Bible. ( ).2. Beowulf is England national Poetry ( ).3. The major achievement of The Old and Medieval Period is Epic ( ).4. Beowulf is an epic consists of 3181 lines and is divided into 2 parts ( ).5. Alliteration is a repeated initial consonant to successive words ( ).III.大题What's the definition of epic?答案.1. (449A.D---1066)2. The Anglo-Saxon Period3. Poetry4. Pagan literature& Christian literature5. 3182, 2判断正误1. T2. F (Epic)3. F (poetry)4. F (3182)5. T大题What's the definition of epic?It is originally an oral narrative poem, majestic both in the theme and style. Epics deal with legendary or historical events of national or universal significance, involving actions of broad sweep and grandeur.第二部分Geoffrey ChaucerI.填空1. Geoffrey Chaucer was buried in the _______after he died. The place where he waslater became the famous _______.2. Chaucer's literary career is usually divided into three phrases______, _______and________.3. Chaucer is the forerunner of _________, he affirms men's and women's right to pursue _______and opposed asceticism.4. Chaucer is the founder of English ______, the presents to the readers comprehensive realistic picture of ______of his time and describes a series of vivid character from all walks of life in his major work______.5. ______was his most famous but unfinished work.II判断正误6. Chaucer died on the 25th of Oct. 1400 and was the first to be buried in the Poets Corner of Westminster Abbey. ( )7. Chaucer's literary career can be divided into four periods corresponding with those of his life. ( )8.Chaucer presented a comprehensive realistic picture of his age and created a whole gallery of vivid characters in his works ( )9. Chaucer's reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and humanity ( )10. He exposed and satirized the social vices, including religious abuses. ( )III.大题11. What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer?1. The Canterbury Tales was his most famous but unfinished work, it is unique for its variety, humor, grace and realism.2. Chaucer became the first great poet of the English nation and give strong influences over the development of English literature.3. Chaucer affirmed man's right to pursue earthly happiness and opposed asceticism.4. Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new era to come.答案：1. Westminster Abbey Poet's Corner2. The French Period The Italian period The English period3. Humanism earthly happiness4. Realism English society The Canterbury Tales5. The Canterbury Tales6-10 T F T T T第三部分Renaissance PeriodI.填空1, Renaissance refers to the period between ____ century.2, Renaissance first started in _____ with the flowering of ____, _____, and ____.3, _____ is the essence of the Renaissance. Another important part of this Renaissance movement was the ____.4, The Renaissance of the most important products are ____ and ____.5, ______, _______, and ______are the best representative of the English humanists. II.判断1, The Renaissance, which means rebirth or revival, is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. ( )2, Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. ( )3, The Renaissance period divided into 2 parts. They are Pagan and Christian. ( ) 4, In the Renaissance period, the literary style are poet, prose and drama. ( )5, The religious reformation was the important part of Renaissance. ( )III.大题How do you understand humanism is the essence of the Renaissance?答案填空1,14th and mid-17th2, Italy, painting, sculpture, literature3, Humanism, religious reformation4, poetry, drama5, Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare判断1，T 2, T 3，F 4，T 5, T大题Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. Renaissance humanists found in the classics a justification. By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of his life, but also had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.第四部分SpenserI.填空题:1. Edmund Spenser's most ambitious poetic achievement is _________ .2.Each book has a _________ who performs noble deeds for a glorious fairy queen whom Spenser intentionally associates with Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ.3. The Knight in each book represents ___________ .4. Edmund Spenser has been called"___________", because of his idealism, his love of beauty, and his exquisite melody.5. Edmund Spenser was strongly influenced by____________, but was also earthy and practical.6. Edmund Spenser was the greatest ____________ poet of the Elizabethan Age, and the first master of _________.II.判断题:1. Edmund Spenser's most ambitious poetic achievement is Gloriana.2. Edmund Spenser was born in London to a wealth family.3. Spenser had planned to write 12 book for this great poem, but he completed only six.4. Spenser studied philosophy, rhetoric, Italian, French, Latin and Greek to prepare himself as a poet.5. He spent the rest of his life holding various posts in the government except for three visits to England.III.简答题：Please describe the comments on Spenser.答案填空题1. The Faerie Queene2. Hero knight3. A different moral4. poets' poet5. Non-dramatic, English verse6. Renaissance Neo-Platonism判断题1. F (The Faerie Queene)2. F(poor)3. T4. T5. F(two)简答题（1）the greatest non-dramatic poet of the Elizabethan Age, and the first master of English verse, which he made the natural music of his voice.（2）Spencer has been called the "poets' poet", because of his idealism, his love of beauty, and his exquisite melody. Spencer has exerted great influence on later poets. （3）Edmund Spenser was a man of his times, and his work reflects the religious and humanistic ideals as well as the intense but critical patriotism of Elizabethan England. His contributions to English literature-in the form of a heightened and enlarged poetic vocabulary, a charming and flexible verse style, and a rich fusing of the philosophic and literary currents of the English Renaissance-entitle him to a rank not far removed from that of William Shakespeare and John Milton.第五部分MarloweI.填空1.Marlowe's three tragedies are_____,______ and ______.2.Marlowe's non-dramatic poetry are_____ and ______.3.Marlowe's verse translation is _________.4.Dr. Faustus is a play based on the ________ of a magician aspiring for knowledge.5.It is Marlowe who first made ________, the principal instrument of English drama and created dramatic effects.II.判断1.Dr. Faustus is Marlowe's non-dramatic poetry.2.Marlowe's creation of the Renaissance hero for English drama is one of his achievements.3.Marlowe is the greatest of the pioneers of English drama.4.The Jew of Malta is a rich and greedy merchant. He pursues wealth endlessly and finally is betrayed and gets killed.5.Dr. Faustus shows the Renaissance human spirit of pursuing knowledge, as well as the courage to challenge fate and authority.III.大题What is the achievement of Marlowe?答案：填空1.Tamburlaine，The Jew of Malta ，Dr. Faustus2.Hero and Leander，The Passionate shepherd to His Love3. Amores （Ovid 's）4.German legend5.blank verse判断1.F2.T3.T4.T5.T大题1.It is Marlowe who first made blank verse, the principal instrument of English drama and created dramatic effects.2.His creation of Renaissance hero for English drama.3. His dramatic achievement lies chiefly in his epical and at times lyrical verse.第六部分ShakespeareⅠ. 填空题：1.Shakespeare is an English () and (), his contributions to the development of () is tremendous.2.It is Shakespeare who breaks the division between () and () and creates () plays that have both tragic and comic elements.3.Shakespeare is one of the founders of ().4.Shakespeare wrote four famous tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, (), and King Lear.5.The dramatic career of Shakespeare is divided into () period.6.In Shakespeare's lifetime, he wrote () plays, () sonnets and () long poems.7.The rhyme scheme of Shakespeare is (), (),() and ().8.Shakespeare was regarded as the greatest () in the English language and the world's pre-eminent ().9.Shakespeare's works include history plays, comedy, tragedy, () and ().10. () and （）occupy a central position in the sonnet sequence.Ⅱ. 判断题：1.His contributions to the development of poet (drama) are tremendous.2.In the second period of Shakespeare's dramatic career, he wrote five histories---Richard Ⅱ,Henry Ⅵ(Ⅳ), Parts Ⅰand Ⅱ, and HenryⅤ.3.The four tragedies of Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Coriolanus (King Lear) and Othello.4.Shakespeare's comedies (tragedies) are often regarded as the greatest accomplishments of the dramatist.5.He also wrote 154 sonnets, which were published in 1600(1609). Shakespeare wrote his sonnets in the popular English form of three quatrains and (a couplet).6.In Shakespeare's plays, he did not hesitate to describe the cruelty and anti-natural character of the civil wars, but he did not go all the way against the feudal one.Ⅲ. 论述题1. As a playwright，how different is Ben Johnson from Shakespeare?Johnson's theory of "humours" reduces his characters to types, who represent greed, vanity, falsehood, etc. They are flat, one-sided and have no development. Unlike him, Shakespeare digs deep into human nature and depicts the complexities of human relations. Also, Ben Johnson advocates classic Roman and Greek masters, strictly observes the three unities and disapproves of any mixture of the tragic with the comic, while Shakespeare creates according to his own judgment and the taste of the audience, and is very flexible in his handling of drama rules set by the predecessors.2. Please introduce the different periods of Shakespeare's literary career. Shakespeare's literary career may be divided into 3 major periods which represent respectively his early, mature and late period. In the first period(1590-1600)，he created mainly history plays and comedies: such as Henry IV, The Merchant of Venice and The Twelfth Night. The second period (1601-1608) is the one of great tragedies, namely Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth and King Lear. In the last period (1609-1612), he wrote dramatic romances.3. Please translate the following soliloquyTo be, or not to be- that is the question:Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them. To die- to sleep-No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. 'Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish'd.To die- to sleep.To sleep- perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause.生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受暴虐的命运矢石交攻，还是拿起武器勇对无涯的苦难，通过抗争把它们根除，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？死，就是睡眠就结束了；如果睡眠能结束我们心灵的创伤和肉体所承受的千百种痛苦，那真是生存求之不得的天大的好事。
英国文学选读课后答案(1)
英国文学选读Of Studies P181.We are now living in the age of “information explosion”. What lessons can we learn from Bacon’s< of studies> in our access to information?Our planet is developing forward. The fast-moving development of science and technology makes it more convenient for students to get sufficient and effective information by countless ways. That is the external condition for our study, which we can appropriately make full use of. But what we have to keep in mind is that the eternal master of study is no one but ourselves in the process of studying.2.In what sense does reading make a full man?Reading makes a full man. Histories make men wise, poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. Reading histories makes people learn lessons from the ancient time, avoid making the same mistakes and predict the development of things. People who read histories will be wiser than these who just act according to their own preferences without learning from histories. Reading poem s makes people learn the beauty of language, the beautiful classical style of art and live a poetic life. People who read poems will be wittier than these who haven’t feel the beautiful mood and pure life. Reading mathematics makes people focus on the accurate calculation, develop a scientific attitude, and form a pragmatic spirit. People who read mathematics will be more subtle to consider things from all aspects and do things from the drop carefully than these who don’t read. Reading natural philosophy makes people pursue truth, explore the unknown mystery, and practice actively. People who read natural philosophy will be deeper than these who don’t learn the theory of reflecting the truth. Readingmoral makes people learn the way of harmony living, form the principle of ethical behaviors and develop correct outlooks on values. People who read moral will be graver than these who behave without correct principles and can’t deal with different relationships.Reading logic makes people master the rules of thinking, dealing with different things and exploring objective reality. People who read logic will be more contend to have clear ideas, mater the principles of objective truth than these who don’t act according to rules.Different kinds of reading materials play different roles in making a full man. People should get into different reading fields and train themselves to become a comprehensive talent. Reading will do good to one’s physical health according to some reading materials of physical training. What’s more important, reading promotes the development of logic thinking and morality. People can be called a full man on condition that they have fine quality, delicate self-cultivation and strict morality. Try to read extensively and become a full man .Poems:Hamlet P81.Why is sleep so frightening, according to Hamlet, since it can “end” the heartache and the thousand natural shocks”? Nobody can predict what he will dream of after he falls asleep. Death means the end of life, you may go to or unknown world and you can’t comeback,. If he dies, Hamlet 's can't realize his will. Though “sleep” can end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks, it is a state of mind. Hamlet didn’t know at all. He isfrightened by the possible suffering in the long “dream”. He can’t predict what will happen in the sleep, may be good may be evil.2.Why would people rather bear all the sufferings of the world instead of choosing death to get rid of them, according to Hamlet?Death is so mysterious that nobody knows what death will bring to us. Maybe bitter sufferings, great pains, heartbreaking stories…Because people hold the same idea "to grunt and sweat under a weary life, but that the dread of something after death-the undiscover’d country, form whose bourn no traveler returns-puzzle the will, and make us rather bear those ills we have than fly to others that we know not of?”People also are frightened by the myths in another world after death.3.What, after all, makes people lose their determination to take action? Please explain in relation to the so-called hesitation of Hamlet.Conscience and over-considerations. He wants to revenge, but doesn’t know how. He wants to kill his uncle, but finds it too risky. He lives in despair and wants to commit suicide. However, he knows if he dies, nobody will comfort his father’s ghost. He is in face of great dilemma. They don’t know the result after their taking the action. Such as Hamlet, he doesn’t know what would happen if he kills his uncle or kills himself . So Hamlet was hesitated.Sonnet 18 P131.How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? (Page 14) The poet opens with a question that is addressed to the beloved, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" This question is comparing “thee” to the summer time of the year. It is during this time when the flowers are blooming, trees are full of leaves, the weather is warm, and it is generally considered as an enjoyable time during the year. The following eleven lines in the poem are also dedicated to similar comparisons between the beloved and summer days. In lines 2 and 3, the speaker explains what mainly separates the young woman from the summer's day: she is "more lovely and more temperate." (Line 2) Summer days are sometimes shaken by "rough winds" (line3) which happens and is not always as welcoming as the woman. However in line 4, the poet gives the feeling again that the summer months are often too short by saying, "And summer lease hath too short a date." In the summer days, the sun, "the eye of heaven" (line 5), often shines "too hot," or too dim, "his gold complexion dimmed" (line 6) as "every fair from fair sometime declines." (Line 7) The final portion of the sonnet tells how the beloved differs from the summer in various aspects. Her beauty will be one that lasts forever, "Thy eternal summer shall not fade." (Line 9), and never end or die.At last two lines , the poet explains how the beloved's beauty will accomplish this everlasting life unlike summer days. And it is because her beauty is kept alive in this poem, which will last forever. It will live "as long as men can breathe or eyes can see." (Line 13) the poem is outwardly a simple statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved woman and perhaps summer to the speaker is sometimes too unpleasant with the extremes of windiness and heat that go along with it. However, the beloved in the poem is always mild and temperate by her nature and nothing at all like the summer.At last , the poet starts to praise that the beloved is so great and awing that she is to live forever in this sonnet. The beloved is so great that the speaker will even go as far as to say that, "So long as men breathe, or eyes can see, so long lives this andthis gives life to thee.”(line 13 、 14 ) that the beloved is deserving to live on forever. 2. What makes the poet think that “thou”can be more beautiful than summer and immortal?At the very beginning, the poet puts forth a question: “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”Then he gives an answer: “Thou art more lovely and more temperate.”On the one hand, “Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, and summer’s lease hath all too short a date;” on the other hand, “Sometime too hot the heaven shines, and often is his gold complexion dimmed.”So from the above two aspects the poet thinks that “thou”can be more beautiful than summer. In addition, “And every fair from fair sometime declines, by chance, or nature’s changing course untrimmed.”Compared with immortal, “But thy eternal summer shall not fade, nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st, nor shall death brag thou wand’rest in his shade, when in eternal lines to times thou grow’st.”Therefore, the poet draws a conclusion: “So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, so long lives this, and this gives life to thee.” In this poem, the poet makes “thou” more beautiful than summer and immortal because of his beautiful lines. So in this case, “thou” in the poem can be regarded as female because love can beauty eternal. Or “thou” can be referredto male, for friendship can make beauty everlasting. Even “thou” can be abstract “love”or “beauty” which will become eternal in the wonderful poem.The Tiger P501. Why does the poet mention the Lamb? Do you think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other?The Tyger is corresponding to The Lamb. Both the poems show the poet’s exploration, understanding and plaint of the mysterious creation. In this poem, the author implies that the Tiger is created by God as well as the Lamb. So either the Tiger or the Lamb is essential to God.I think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other. Although the Lamb can represent the kind “innocent society”, it will be lack of enough motivation to make progress. While the Tiger will cause social misery, unrest or even disruption, but it can make people release their creativity. So the poet believes that the Tiger is the symbol of strength and courage. And he also praises its passion, desire and all the lofty beauty.2.What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger? What idea does the poet want to express? The symbol of the Tyger is one of the two central mysteries of the poem (the other being the Tyger’s creator). It is unclear what it exactly symbolizes, but scholars have hypothesized that the Tyger could be inspiration, the divine, artistic creation, history, the sublime (the big, mysterious, powerful and sometimes scary. Read more on this in the "Themes and Quotes" section), or vision itself. Really, the list is almost infinite. The point is, the Tyger is important, and Blake’s poem barely limits the possibilities The tiger is the embodiment of God's power in creation: the animal is terrifying in its beauty, strength, complexity and vitality. The poem is divided into six parts. In the first part, the author imagined that he met a terrible tiger on a dark night and was frightened by its awful eyesight. There are creations and creators. How great the creatoris that he could create such an awful creation like tiger! In the second part, the author continues to ask, where comes the eyesight like fire, sea or sky? The following two parts, the author describes the creator as a smith. He creates the tiger. What behind the questions is the frightening and respect of the author to the creator. In the fifth part,the author changes his tone and asks when the stars throw down their spears, why they are not happy? The last part is as same as the first part, the creator is too mysterious to understand.The tiger shows its outstanding energy. It’s the vitality which the author thinks highly of. The key sentence of the poem is "Did he who made the Lamb make thee?" It challenges the one-track religious views of the 18’s century. The view only concluded that god create the lame, he is so kind a father. But it didn’t know god also create the tough tiger. He can also be very serious. The god is someone who can’t be truly understood by human beings.I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud P571.What is the relation between the poet and nature as described in the poem?<Reference>Theme of Man and the Natural World : Wordsworth is the granddaddy of all nature poets, and he’s in top form in "I wandered lonely as a Cloud." In her journal entry about the day in question, Wordsworth's sister Dorothy wrote about their surprise at finding so many daffodils in such a strange place, next to a lake and under some trees. "How’d those get there?" she wondered, even guessing that maybe the seeds floated across the lake. The event is one of the minor miracles that nature produces all the time, as anyone who has seen the documentary Planet Earth or the Disney movie Earth knows. Wordsworth’s nature is full of life and vitality. He appreciates its wildness and unpredictability, but he humanizes the landscape and fits it to his own mind.Theme of Happiness"I wandered lonely as a Cloud" is a poem that just makes you feel good about life. It says that even when you are by yourself and lonely and missing your friends, you can use your imagination to fine new friends in the world around you. As John Milton famously wrote, "The mind is its own place, and in itself, can make heaven of Hell, and a hell of Heaven." The speaker of this poem makes a heaven out of a windy day and a bunch of daffodils. His happiness does not last forever – he’s not that unrealistic – but the daffodils give him a little boost of joy whenever he needs it, like recharging his batteries.Theme of SpiritualityThe 19th century Scottish writer Thomas Carlyle coined the phrase "natural supernaturalism," which has been used by later critics to describe how the Romantic poets, and especially Wordsworth, viewed the natural world as a spiritual realm. The idea is that Heaven comes down to earth and is viewed as part of the world. This poem illustrates the principle of natural supernaturalism. The daffodils are like angels and twinkling stars, and the "bliss" of heaven occurs in speaker’s imagination. He uses Christian ideas and images to make an ode to nature without any reference to God.Theme of Memory and the Past"I wandered lonely as a Cloud" is almost like a simpler version of " Tintern Abbey ," one of Wordsworth’s other most famous works. In both poems, the memory of beautiful things serves as a comfort to the speaker even after the experience of viewing them has ended. He can always draw on his imagination to reproduce the joy of the event and to remember the spiritual wisdom that it provided. In the case of "I wandered lonely as a Cloud," we do not realize just how far in the future the speaker’s perspective is located untilthe fourth stanza, when he describes just how often the daffodils have comforted him.2.Do you think nature can have healing effect on mind?I think nature can have healing effect on mind, but the precondition is that the nature should be peaceful and earthly. Let’s imagine a scene. At the very beginning, we felt a little sad. Then, we place ourselves at a peaceful and clean lake. We sit on the comfortable and green grass. There are several wild flowers on the grass. Some little birds are walking near us with chirp. We can breathe the smell of the earth. When we are watching it glistening in the sunshine, there may be a smile on our face again. Nobody will be not touched in this condition unless there is something wrong with his mind. It is just like a picture. Or it is just like a clean bracing and ethereal melody. We can close our eyes to listen to it without any distracting thoughts. It always can comfort our hearts, and we will not feel that desperate. Every time I feel not happy I will listen to a piece of piano music. That makes me good, all my fidgeting will go away from me. Sometimes I will reflect where the problem is. Peaceful music is just like the nature. Both they can give me a kind of feeling like mother. Do not be scared at all. Sometimes I suppose if the criminal can live in the nature and experience it, they will not do that evil. In another hand, those artists maybe can not create the works. As the author said, a host of golden daffodils beside the lake, beneath the trees, fluttering and dancing in the breeze. The memory made him excited and brought his lonely heart happiness. If a writer does not watch any beautiful scenery, I believe he or she can’t be a good writer. Peaceful nature is a place people can release themselves and remove the unhappiness. In this circumstance, the writer digs their inspiration.Yes, I think so. Some people may think that our nature has been highly polluted by our human beings. And it won’t have any effects on us. The others may think the nature has bad influence on our bodies because of the contamination. But I think nature must have a lot of healing effect on mind. As the development of the society, people may meet more and more difficulties, and it may lead to more stress. For example, when a person has worked for a long time, it is hard for him to do more. He would like to spend sometime travelling to somewhere. The place is best to be beautiful, clean, comfortable, with clear sky and green grass. People can breathe the fresh air there. When he lies on the grass and watches the sky, he may forget all the stress on work. The only thing he can do is to enjoy the charming scenery and great nature.Nature also can affect people when they are ill especially serious disease. The patient may feel their life meaningless. At that time, their families will take them to a remote place. They may also let the patient have a pet. During the feeding period, the patient may feel that a life is so difficult to bring up. He will heal the spirit to live. Different people have different ideas. I can’t say that nature doesn’t have mischief, but in my opinion, its good effects are more.Novels:The Canterbury Tales1.How is the setting of the tales described? With such a setting, could you predict the general tone of the tales?Early spring. General tone: happy, easy, lively, humorous.2.Character of the Knight?The knight displays many traits which make him seem almost too good to be true, and a true gentleman that rarely exists in reality. The knight holds four main admirable traits, making him the most liked traveler in "The Canterbury Tales," and also amplying the doubt of his realism. From the characters impressive introduction, it is clear that this man is the most valued and honorable traveler among the group. This perfect gentleman holds a love of ideals that are often not displayed by people. First and foremost, he believes in the ideals of chivalry, and always stays true to its principles. He also feels that one should be honest, truthful and faithful, which many people are not all of these ideals. The knight thinks one should only do what is right, and what will gain him honor and reputation. This character also believes in freedom and generosity towards all, and displays this ideal repeatedly throughout the novel. And lastly, the knight also strongly feels that any proper person should display courtesy and elegance at all times. Another aspect of this character's life which makes him seem too prestigious to be truthful is his impressive military career. He fought in the holy war, The knight obviously held a very respectable reputation, and was treated with much honor and respect. He was a perfect gentleman, showing kindness and understanding to everyone he came in contact with. The knight was extremely well-mannered, always being on his best behavior. His appearance was the "finishing touch," adding honor and integrity to his courageous and gentle spirit. This main character was clothed still in his armor, wearing a tunic of harsh cloth and his coat of mail is rust-stained, clearly showing remaining signs of past battles.The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe P331.What do you think of Crusoe’s way of marking time? Why is it important for him to keep track of time?A good way. He doesn’t want to forget time. For a civilized man, time is precious.2.From this excerpt, what do you find admirable in Robinson Crusoe?Strong-minded, careful, capable, persevering, optimistic, ambitious, self-reliant, clever, practical, adventurous, patient, rational, sympathetic, hardworking, imaginative, energetic, courageous, amiable (kind-hearted).Pride and Prejudice P651.Do you agree with the statement “it is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife”? What’s the relationship between money and marriage?I do not agree with the statement. I think it is wrong to get married for money and position, but at the same time it is idiot to do not consider money and position. In this novel, we can see the hero Darcy proposed marriage to Eliza but failed every time. Because Eliza has prejudice on Darcy and hated his pride actually. This kind of pride is a reaction from position’s differences. Unless the pride disappears, it will be possible that they could get married. Then Eliza observed Darcy’s doing, especially found his changing on his pride. She removed her prejudice and got married with Darcy. From the distinct attitudes to Darcy, It’s not difficult to find Eliza maintained women should pursue their right of personality independence and fairness. And this attitude reflected Austen’s view of marriage as well. Therefore, she maintained that we can not get married for money and see marriage as a game. She stressed the significance of ideal marriage, and loveis the cornerstone. Through this novel Jane Austen tried to tell people must take some action and reflect, then there will be hope. Because respection is not native, we can only get it from our action and reflection. Here, we can easily discover author thought women should have self respect and be independent. What women want is not just money, they also need the respect and right. Marriage is not a trade. It is impossible that I give you money, then you will marry me. There is a third thing——love. If two people love each other, they will not break up because of how much money he own..2.What do you think of Mrs. Bennet? How can you characterize her?Mrs. Bennet’s mind was less difficult to understand. She was a woman of poor understanding, little information and uncertain temper. When she was discontented, she imagined herself nervous. The business of her life was to get her daughters married, the solace of her life was visiting and news. Mrs Bennet is a woman who cares for nothing more than to have her daughters married off. A reference from the last chapter book which supports this statement is "Happy for all her maternal feelings was the day on which Mrs. Bennet got rid of her two most deserving daughters." I also see that Mrs Bennet is extremely fickle and changes her mind quickly. Mrs Bennet is a woman who thrives on gossip . It is almost all she cares about.3.What makes Elizabeth feel so grateful to Darcy? How does Darcy respond to her.( P71) Elizabeth ’s sister Lydia has always been frivolous and she runs away with Wayne , who is poor and hypocritical. This behavior is not recognized at that time which destroys the Bennet’s reputation. The whole family feels ashamed, especially Elizabeth. Although Lydia has the plan to marry Wayne, Wayne, as a playboy, considers everything as a game. Elizabeth is so worried with her poor sister, so she decides to leave her hometown to find her sister. Fortunately, Darcy gives a helping hand. He finds them and tries his best to convince Lydia to come back. Faced with Wayne’s greedy, he doesn’t flinch. He pays the debts for Wayne and gives Lydia a large amount of money. In order to help them, he also buys an official post for Wayne. Besides these, Darcy is also very gentle, he doesn’t expose Wayne so as to protect the whole family’s reputation. He does everything for Elizabeth, he doesn’t want her to be harmed. Darcy is proud at the beginning, which makes Elizabeth hate him so much, but after he has done so many things, Elizabeth’s prejudice is eliminated and she feels so grateful to Darcy.Darcy feels sorry at the beginning. He is also surprised and excited. Originally, Darcy doesn’t want Elizabeth to know everything. He doesn’t help her sister for certain purpose. Generally, he is delighted that Elizabeth is not so indifferent to him as before. He has never wanted to get her gratitude, but this time he feels hopeful. He tells Elizabeth that all his done was for her only, because it’s only her in his heart. He shows his affections to her again which makes Elizabeth so embarrassed. Darcy also apologizes for his pride in the past time. Now, they have cleared up the misunderstanding. It’s a turning point of their emotional journey.参考资料：Unit 1Chaucer ---The Canterbury Tales1.Symbol: Springtimethe beginning of things is exactly what the poem emphasizes in its description of springtime, talking about how the wind spreads the seeds that peek their heads above the soil as they begin to grow into crops, and how birds begin their mating season. The poem might start this way in order to remind us how pilgrimages are also a start of new beginnings. See, the idea of a pilgrimage is that you start on a journey of repentance, beginning a new life, one free from sin. In the beginning of the poem, then, the springtime is a symbol of the new beginnings and the creation of new lives the pilgrims are about to undertake.2.Allegory 寓言 : Pilgrimage from London to CanterburyIt's probable that the pilgrims' journey from London to Canterbury represents another journey that was very important to a medieval person:the journey from Earth to Heaven. As the journey begins, we have a sinful group of pilgrims, many of whom are hiding various vices and dirty secrets. Their pilgrimage is meant to be a journey of repentance, so that by the time they reach Canterbury, they will be fully cleansed of these sins. Thus, in this allegory, the tavern 客栈 represents the sinful life on Earth, while Canterbury represents the sin-free life in heaven all people are trying to reach3. Social significance of the poemThe Canterbury Tales is more than a mere collection of true-to-life pictures. Taking the stand of the rising bourgeoisie, Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism preached by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praised man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. His tales expose and satirize the evils of the time, as the degeneration of the noble, the heartlessness of judge and so on. With especially formidable force Chaucer attacks the corruption of the church.Unit 2Shakespeare----Hamlet哈姆雷特是莎士比亚精心塑造的人文主义者的形象，他对人自身、对人类的明天满怀热爱和信心 , 有着无比的智慧 , 人文主义教育使他胸怀远大抱负但突破其来的巨变，使他遭受了那样多的不快，他无忧无虑、明朗爽快的性格发生了变化。
王守仁《英国文学选读》(第3版)课后习题详解【圣才出品】
第1单元杰弗里•乔叟1.How is the setting of the tales described?With such a setting,could you predict the general tone of the tales that are to follow?Key:(1)Chaucer sets the tales in the spring,describing both the natural world and people—the natural world shows a kind of renewal and rebirth,and people begin to stir after the long sleep of winter.Chaucer’s description of the landscape is lively(欢快的)and fresh(清新的),since he speaks of budding flowers,growing crops and singing birds.(2)According to such a setting,we can predict that the general tone of the tales will be light,sprightly(活泼的、愉快的)and humorous.2.In your own words,summarize the character of the Knight from the brief introduction in this excerpt.Key:According to the excerpt,we can see that the Knight has followed chivalry—truth,honor,freedom and courtesy. He had fought many battles for the faith of people.He is a brave,wise,modest and“truly perfect gentle-knight”.3.Without comparison with the translated version,are there words still recognizable to you in the original Middle English version?Key:Yes,there are many words can be recognized.Because many words only contain few different letters compared with the modern words.What’s more,sometimes,we can recognize the words by guess or by the sense-group.第2单元威廉•莎士比亚Hamlet1.Why sleep is so frightening,according to Hamlet,since it can“end”“the heartache and the thousand natural shocks”? Key:Death means the end of life.If he dies,he may go to an unknown world and can never come back.In this sense, Hamlet cannot take revenge on his uncle for his father,failing to realize his will.Though“sleep”can end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks,it is a state of mind that Hamlet doesn’t know at all.He is frightened by the possible suffering in the long“dream”.He can’t predict what will happen in the sleep,may be good may be evil.2.Why would people rather bear all the sufferings of the world instead of choosing death to get rid of them,according to Hamlet?Key:According to Hamlet,because that people don’t know what lying there waiting for them in the unknown world, maybe something more terrible than that in the mortal world.3.What,after all,makes people lose their determination to take action?Please explain in relation to the so-called hesitation of Hamlet.Key:It is the fear for the unknown world after death and the lack of confidence for the future make people loose determination to take action.Hamlet doesn’t know what would happen if he kills his uncle or kills himself,so he is hesitated.However,Hamlet’s hesitation should be seen from a different point of view.The main reason lies in his concern for his nation.Hamlet is a true man.He wants to change the dark existing world,but it is beyond his ability, so he has no idea what he should do.He knows his death can’t solve the problems deeply rooted in the society.So he hesitated about what he should do as the prince of Demark.His revenge is not everything for him.And he clearly knows that the sudden death of king may cause some disorders in the country.Thus he is confused about his action. Romeo and Juliet1.What does Romeo compare Juliet to in the beginning passage of the selection?Key:Romeo compares Juliet to the sun.2.What is Romeo and Juliet’s attitude toward being a Montague or a Capulet?Key:They think that since their family names hinder them from loving each other,they prefer that the names Montague and Capulet have nothing to do with themselves and even give them up.3.What does Romeo mean when he says“Look thou but sweet,/And I am proof against their enmity”?Key:It means that Romeo loves Juliet so much that he thinks that the love can protect him from harm and dissolve the hatred between their families.Sonnet181.How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line?Key:The poet thinks that he should not“compare thee to a summer’s day”,because“Thou art more lovely and more temperate”.And,in the following part,he gives his reasons.2.What makes the poet think that“thou”can be more beautiful(fair)than summer and immortal?Key:Because the poet thinks that“thy eternal summer shall not fade”for they will be preserved and perpetuated in the lines he writes.第3单元弗朗西斯•培根Of Marriage and Single Life1.Is marriage an impediment or help to one’s career development?Key:Sometimes,marriage can be an impediment,and sometimes,it can help one develop his or her career as well, because it depends on the quality of the marriage.As the saying goes“A peaceful family will prosper”,so we can say that husbands and wives can benefit a lot from good marriages,while a terrible marriage will ruin both sides.In a good marriage,husband and wife will be happier,and they will help and encourage each other,which will be good for their careers.On the contrary,in an unhappy marriage,husband and wife usually quarrel a lot and things tend to be worse.2.In what sense are wife and children“a kind of discipline of humanity”?Key:A single man has no others to think about,so he is likely to think of himself and spend a lot of money on himself. What’s more,he tends to take any risk if he wants to,for he does not need to be responsible for anyone.However,a married man cannot be so go-as-you-please,because he has wife and children,and he must be responsible for them. Furthermore,he has to work hard to fulfill his wife and children’s expectation.He becomes a loving man,who not only loves his wife and children,but also loves others.A loving husband and a qualified father can contribute the greatest merit to the public to a large extent.In this sense,we can say that wife and children are“a kind of discipline of humanity”.3.Bacon prefers marriage to single life.Do you find his arguments convincing?Key:Yes,I think Bacon’s arguments are convincing.He proves his points by comparison.He clearly points out the disadvantages of single life and the advantages of marriage.For instance,a single person only cares about himself,and does not pay attention to the future;a married man tends to become responsible,tender,enthusiastic and warm-hearted. As the sentence goes“wives are young men’s mistresses,companions for middle age,and old men’s nurses”which means that when a man is young,his wife can make many decisions and arrangements for the family;when he comes to middle age,wife always stays with him as a companion;when he becomes old,wife will take care of him till the end of life.Even though a woman marries a bad husband,marriage offers a chance for husband to correct themselves. These points all are reasonable,which make Bacon’s arguments very convincing.Of Study1.We are now living in the age of“information explosion”.What lessons can we learn from Bacon’s“Of Studies”in our access to information?Key:According to Bacon’s opinion:“studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large,except they be bounded in by experience”.We should combine theory and practice together.That is,practicing what we have learned is quite important.Bacon’s idea that“some books are to be read only in parts;others to be read,but not curiously;and some few to be read wholly,and with diligence and attention.”also teaches us to use different methods of reading in terms of the quality and content of the book.When we face information,we should do some selections rather than easily trust them all.More importantly,we should have an independent mind.2.In what sense does reading make a full man?Key:As Bacon says“Histories make men wise,poets,witty;the mathematics,subtle;natural philosophy,deep;moral, grave;logic and rhetoric,able to contend”,we can know that different books and subjects have their different influences on people.Some books can make people wiser and make fewer mistakes;some books can make people wittier and more sensible to beauty;some books can make people think in a more scientific and accurate way…So reading can cultivate and better a man.In this sense,reading makes a full man.第4单元17世纪英国诗人The Flea1.Why does the poet say that"this cannot be said a sin,or shame,or loss of maidenhead"?Key:Because it is the flea that sucked their blood and made them mingled together,they are not sinful or shameful, and the man’s beloved does not loss her maidenhead.The flea has joined them together in a way that“alas,is more than we would do”.2.What do you think is the addressee’s parents’attitude toward the poet’s wooing?Key:The addressee’s parents’attitude is against the poet’s wooing.3.What is the real purpose of the poet to say that in killing the flea"thou"are actually killing three lives?Key:The poet compares the killing of the flea to murder.He thinks that if his beloved kills the flea,he and she would be killed within the flea.He even states that the act of killing the flea would be“sacrilege”.If the lover denies the fact that their blood and therefore their lives are contained within the flea,it is similar to committing an irreligious act. This would seem to acknowledge that their closeness within the flea is allowable.The importunate lover wishes his mistress to understand that she should accept his wooing because there is nothing wrong with the unity of two people. Holy Sonnet101.Why does the poet say that death is the“slave to fate,chance,kings and desperate men”?Key:Because for the most part,fate,chance,kings and desperate men can threaten some people with Death when they like to,and by this way,Death is exploited and may be forced to do what it does not want to.In this sense,death is a slave.2.What does the poet mean when he says“we wake eternally”after one short sleep?Key:The poet was a priest and he believed that the soul of men would never die.After death,men would enter another world and lived forever.In this sense,after death,men“wake eternally”.John Milton1.Where are the serpent(“the”in line51)and his followers condemned after their defeat?Key:The serpent and his followers are condemned into the hell by God.2.What are the God’s punishments for those rebellious angels as described by Milton in lines59-74?Key:Those rebellious angels are sent into the horrible dungeon filled with flames,darkness,floods and whirlwinds,in which there is no peace,rest or hope,but full of sorrow and torture.3.What is considered by Satan as“ignominy”and“shame”(line ll5)?Key:Satan considers that“To bow and sue for grace/With suppliant knee,and deify his power/Who from the terror of this arm so late/Doubted his empire-that were low indeed”is“ignominy and shame”.That is,he thinks that it is shameful to bow to God to ask for grace and forgiveness.4.What is Satan advising the serpent and his followers to do in this part of Paradise Lost?Key:Satan advices the serpent and his followers to fight against God.第5单元冒险小说作家Daniel Defoe1.Do you find the description of Crusoe’s setting up the tent convincing?Could you think of better ways to build a shelter in his situation?Key:Yes,I think it is convincing.Crusoe takes everything into his consideration and makes sure his shelter is comfortable and safe.He takes advantage of the natural resources.Perhaps,there is no way to build a better one than his.2.What do you think of Crusoe’s way of marking time?Why is it important for him to keep track of time?Key:I think it’s a good way.The reason is that Crusoe is a civilized man and time is very valuable to him.In fact,he represents the hard-working middle class,and has the sense of working hard and cherishing time.3.From this excerpt,what do you find admirable in Robinson Crusoe?Key:From this excerpt,we can find many admirable characteristics in Robinson Crusoe.He is adventurous,practical, thoughtful,hard-working,brave,shrewd,energetic,optimistic,strong-minded and kind-hearted…Under the special circumstance,Crusoe shows many good and valuable qualities of human beings.Jonathan Swift1.In what ways are Yahoos comparable to human beings in Gulliver’s Travels?Comment on the Houyhnhnms’attitude toward human beings.Key:Both human beings and Yahoos are warlike,greedy,jealous,gluttonous and filthy…What’s more,they eat everything that they can find no matter the food is good or bad for them;they would be sick because of nastiness and greediness;they would suffer from depression because of their idleness;the female Yahoos have nasty qualities,such as lewdness,coquetry,censure and scandal.Yahoos and human beings have many features in common.The Houyhnhnms’attitude toward human beings is critical,malicious and objective.They are not slandering,for human beings indeed have all the defects that the Houyhnhnms have mentioned.It seems that they know about human beings clearly and they compare Yahoos and humankind in a very elaborative way.Their points of view are very convincing.2.What are the symbolic meanings of Yahoos and Houyhnhnms?Key:Yahoos and Houyhnhnms represent the evil human nature and good qualities of humankind respectively.第6单元浪漫主义诗人（1）William BlakeThe Lamb1.Does this poem describe a lamb or the mind of the child who is speaking to the lamb?What is the relation of the lamb and the child to God?Key:The poem describes the mind of the child who is speaking to the lamb by which shows the gentleness and tenderness of the lamb.The lamb is the symbol of the child to the God.It shows the love of God that he creates the lamb and Jesus is often called the lamb of the God.So,the poem not only appreciates the kindness of the lamb but also praise the mysterious power which creates the lamb.In this sense,God,Jesus and the lamb combine together.2.What does the Lamb stand for?Key:The Lamb stands for Jesus Christ,who was offered by God as the final sacrifice for the sins of humankind.The Lamb and Jesus have virtues in common:gentleness,tenderness,kindness and compassion.So,the Lamb also stands for these good attributes.The Tiger1.Why does the poet mention the Lamb?Do you think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other?Key:The Tiger is corresponding to The Lamb.Both the poems show the poet’s exploration,understanding and plaint of the mysterious creation.In this poem,the poet implies that the Tiger as well as the Lamb are both created by God. So the Tiger and the Lamb share the same creator and have some kind of relationship.Yes,I think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other.The lamb represents the kind and gentle humanities,but it lacks the motivation to make progress.While the tiger will cause the social misery,unrest or even disruption,but it can stimulate people’s creativity.So the tiger becomes the symbol of strength and courage.In this sense,the Tiger and the Lamb can illuminate each other.2.What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger?What idea does the poet want to express?Key:The tiger symbolizes the God’s power in creation and it becomes the embodiment of beauty,strength,vitality and complexity.The poet’s idea is that God not only create the kind lamb but also create the tough tiger.So God is mysterious and complicated and nobody can indeed know about God.The Sick Rose1.In what sense do you think the rose is“sick”?Key:On a superficial and literal level,the rose is invaded by the worm and become sick.On a deeper level,the“sick”rose has several symbolic meanings:a)the rose symbolizes young girls,and the worm refers to impure love of men, which defiles the girls’chastity.Thus,the girls are destroyed.b)The rose symbolizes the toiling masses that are under the exploitation and oppression of the capitalism represented by the worm.It means that there is something wrong with the whole social system.c)The rose symbolizes the soul and spirit of man,while the worm symbolizes the ugly and evil aspects of humanity.The rose is“sick”,because that innocence is replaced by experience,and the virtues are replaced by the evil as well.2.Should there be any symbolic meanings for the night and the storm?If so,what meanings would you suggest? Key:Yes,there are some symbolic meanings for the night and the storm.Based on the symbolic meanings of the rose and the worm,we can find that the night and the storm symbolize the deceit and impure love of men,the progress of capitalism and the process of gaining experience.Robert Burns。
英国文学课后答案
英国文学课后答案Keys to the ExercisesUnit 1 Ideal WorldKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) F (3) F (4) F (5) T (6) T (7) F (8) T (9) T (10) F Language Focus1. (1) feigned (2) adopt (3) allotted (4) discretion (5) apprehend(6) languish (7) hinder (8) upright (9) commend (10) undermine2.(1) inexperienced (2) idleness (3) inclination (4) mischief (5) scarcity (6) pursuit (7) beneficial (8) diligence (9) virtuous (10) curiosity3.(1) wore out (2) passed down (3) for show (4) see to (5) as it were (6) take up (7) marked out (8) as though (9) went about (10) given rise to4. (1) by, by (2) by (3) to (4) with (5) on (6) on, with (7) between, against (8) from, for (9) up, for (10) in, to5. (1) prefer—prefers; commend—commended(2) beggar—beggars; feign—feigning(3) (those+) that; by the money—by money(4) is—are; marking—marked(5) anything—nothing; so—suchComprehensive Work2. Euthanasia, slavery, married priest, private ownership, easy divorceText B Innisfree1. (1) arise (2) cabin (3) peace (4) Midnight (5) glow(6) lake (7) shore (8) pavements (9) within (10) coreUnit 2 Picaresque AdventureBefore You Read2.f d g a c b eKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) F (6) T (7) F (8) TLanguage Focus1.(1) solaced (2) reprieve (3) resolved (4) abating (5) afflict (6) deliver (7) fury (8) strangle (9) contending (10) bruised2. (1) f (2) h (3) d (4)i (5) g (6) a (7) c (8) j (9) b (10) e3. (1) from, on (2) after, with (3) to, with (4) up, as (5) To, up, from (6) up, in, (7) before, with (8) into, for (9) in, with, on (10) on, for5. (1) me—myself; can—could(2) rise—rising; shooting—shoot(3) Has—Had; have strangled—have been strangled(4) stranding—stranded; be—being(5) came—coming; at the night—at nightComprehensive work1.(1) desolate (2) mutinous (3) embellished (4) imagination(5) picaresque (6) picaro (7) accumulating (8) journalistic(9) bourgeois (10) moral (11) prosperity (12) colonialismText B1.(1) shipwreck (2) tiny (3) inhabitants (4) Lilliput (5) behaviour (6) favourite (7) permission (8) subjects (9) stealing (10) province (11) treason (12) blinded (13) friend (14) abandoned (15) passingUnit 3 Budding LoveBefore You Read2. c a f d g h b e3. c a b e dKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) F (3) T (4) T (5) T3. (1) betrayal (2) yields (3) sin (4) morality (5) narrative(6) struggles (7) reality (8) dates (9) relations (10) mistreatsLanguage Focus1.(1) conferred (2) ethereal (3) singular (4) ephemeral (5) remnants(6) crave (7) preliminary (8) cramp (9) deem (10) physique2. (1) preoccupation (2) visionary (3) pervasive (4) luminous(5) condensation(6) horizontal (7) moisture (8) prevailing (9) radiance (10) stratum3. (1) a (2) a (3) b (4) b (5) a4. (1) forth, into, out (2) down, to (3) with, than (4) than, up, in(5) with (6) in, in, within (7) in, above, upon (8) at(9) through, on, on (10) againstText B1. (1)T (2) F (3) F (4) T (5) TUnit 4 Personal ChoiceKnowledge Focus2. e a d b c f3. (1) Rochester (2) disconsolate (3) approaches (4) tray(5) realizes (6) spirit (7) previous (8) specterLanguage Focus1.(1) snatched (2) nestles (3) piquant (4) frenzy (5) prompted(6) entwined (7) corpse (8) groped (9) unwittingly (10) outcasts2. (1) delusion (2) perceptible (3) mockery (4) pining (5) animated (6) inconsiderate (7) proposal (8) consolation (9)famished (10) unconventional3. (1) buoy…up (2) to that effect (3) relapsed… into (4) claim…as(5) took vengeance on (6) wait on (7) withdrawn…from (8) make sacrifice for(9) clasp…to (10) relieve…fromUnit 5 Glamorous WomenKnowledge Focus2. (1) F (2) T (3) F (4) T (5) F(6) T (7) T (8) F (9) F (10) TLanguage Focus1.(1) exhilarated (2) speculated (3) facetious (4) clamber (5) indifferent(6) aggrieved (7) grumble (8) scrambled (9) flushed (10) panic2.(1) competence (2) envious (3) virtuous (4) apologetic (5) pleasantries(6) indulgence (7) excitement (8) fury (9) righteousness (10) indignation 3.(1) for (2) along (3) behind (4) up (5) of(6) with (7) to (8) of; about (9) from (10) up, forText B1. (1) T (2) F (3) T (4) F (5) T(6) F (7) T (8) F (9) F (10) TUnit 6 Incredible ScienceKnowledge Focus1.(1)Shelley has used a …dreary night? instead of the typical thunderstorm to make aneerie atmosphere.(2)She uses very descriptive words that make the surroundings more eerie. E.g.glimmer of the half-extinguished light, rain pattering dismally, etc.(3)As amazed he is by his creation, Victor sees it as a monster. He?s disappointed andpossibly even scared about how his creation will turn out. This is evident when he describes his monster as a …catastrophe?.(4)Fear is provoked well when Shelley describes the monster in detail by explaininghow …His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath;his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness?. By describing such horrific features it creates the image of a deformed monster with ghastly features just thrown together.(5)By describing the monsters ghastly features but then mentioning how straight andsleek his hair is, it creates juxtaposition. With such an evil face but such perfect teeth and hair, it becomes quite scary.(6)Victor feels regretful because his monster turned out sucha disaster instead of thebeautiful being he set out to create.(7)Victor dreamt of his fiancéElizabeth. As he finally embraces her, her featuresbecome lifeless and she appears to be dead. She suddenly turns into Victors mother, then worms appear.(8)Shelley quoted Coleridge?s “Ancient Mariner” to create frightful atmosphere.(9)Henry Clerval. He nurses Victor.(10)Elizabeth. She is Victor?s adopted cousin and wife.2. c-f-a-g-d-i-e-h-bLanguage Focus1. (1) confined (2) exceed (3) traversed (4) incredulous (5) inarticulate (6) endeavor(7) comprises (8) revived (9) agitated (10) hideous2. (1) sufficient (2) Diligence (3) sensitiveness (4) occurrences (5) palpitation (6)employer (7) entreat (8) frightful (9) refugees (10) excessively3. (1) to (2) to (3) of (4) on (5) At (6) with (7) in (8) to (9) in (10) toText B1. (1)Time Traveller (2) Medical Man (3) Filby (4) narrator (5) Fourth (6) machine (7)Psychologist (8) lever (9) larger (10) time3. (1) incredulous (2) solemnly (3) intermittently (4) plausible (5) adroitlyUnit 7 Precious LifeKnowledge Focus2. (1) statue (2) column (3) Egypt (4) reed (5) alive (6) ruby(7) child (8) poor (9) dying (10) lead (11) melted (12) furnace3. (1) T (2) T (3) T (4) F (5) F (6) F (7) F (8) T (9) F (10) T4. (1) (4) (2) (6) (3) (5)Language Focus1. (1) commissions (2) mutter (3) plucked (4) coarse (5) gild(6) slumbered (7) listlessly (8) sculptured (9) flirting (10) drenched2. (1) proclamations (2) agility (3) beggars (4) feverishly (5) curiosity(6) messenger (7) overseer (8) companion (9) disrespect (10) embroidery 3.(1) by (2) in, with (3) in, with (4) off (5) in, of(6) off (7) to (8) over (9) away (10) atUnit 8 Proper ProfessionKnowledge Focus2. d-g-e-a-b-f-c3. (1) T (2) F (3) F (4)T (5) F (6) T (7) T (8) F (9) F (10) TLanguage Focus1. (1) formidable (2) condemn (3) perpetual (4) tormented (5) befalls(6) induce (7) impeded (8) conciliate (9) encounter (10) acute2. (1) professional (2) regularity (3) reputable (4) sympathetic (5) morality (6) confusion (7) unconsciousness (8) assistance (9) charm (10) conventional3. (1) on (2) in/at (3) in (4) to (5) out of(6) away (7) with (8) into (9) through (10) outComprehensive Work2. (1) She was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming. She was utterlyunselfish. (para 3.)(2) It is true that I am a woman; it is true I am employed; but what professionalexperiences have I had? (para. 1)(3) But what professional experiences have I had? (para. 1)(4) No demand was made upon the family purse. (para. 1)(5) I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon bread and butter, rent,shoes and stockings, or butcher?s bills, I went out and bought a cat…(para 2.) (6) In those days—the last of Queen Victoria—every house had its Angel. (para. 3) Text B2.(1)extravagant (2) decisive (3) pecuniary (4) distinguished (5) liberal 6) honorable(7) superior (8) tediousUnit 9 Aim of EducationKnowledge Focus2. (1) irony (2) three (3) childhood (4) hypocritical (5) statuettes(6) say (7) teenage (8) religious (9) solution (10) outstanding(11) far (12) questions3. (1) T (2) T (3) F (4) F (5) F (6) T (7) F (8) FLanguage Focus1. (1) contempt (2) exalted (3) conferred (4) heady (5) stampeded(6) contemplating (7) muscular (8) anguish (9) proficient(10) integrate2. (1) irresistible (2) satisfactorily (3) oratory (4) integration (5) acquaintance (6)conversion (7) hypocritical (8) justification (9) patriotism (10) contradictory3. (1) with (2) between (3) with, in (4) behind (5) for (6) on (7) for, but (8) out of (9)by (10) ForComprehensive Work2. (1) It will lecture on disinterested purity while its neck is being remorselesslytwisted toward a skirt. (Para. 28)(2) If we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. (Para32)(3) Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life,sexless and full of duty. (Para.23)(4) You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest andstruggling with all theunnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning. (Para. 22 )(5) They all came tumbling down like so many rotten apples off a tree. (Para. 42)(6) He seemed to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible springin his nape. (Para. 23)Text B2. (1) 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
英国文学史部分课后答案
Chapter11. Given an account of the history of England from the Celtic settlement to the Nor man Conquest.●600 BC ,Celts (tribal)(Britons is a branch of Celts) began to migrate to the British Isles●55 BC-407 AD, Julius Caesar invaded Britain, defeated Celts, and began nearly four centuries ofRoman occupation●450 AD, The “Saxons”(the Teutonic or Germanic tribes of Angles, Saxons, Jutes) ( originallyseafaring people along the coast of Denmark and Germany)came to the British Isles and drove the Celts to Wales, Scotland and Ireland, and settled down themselves and named the central part of the island “England”, became the masters of England and the ancestors of the English people.●Late 8-9th century, Viking(the Danes from Scandinavia ) invasions and be defeated by theWessex King, Alfred the Great (849-c899)●1066, Norman Conquest (from Normandy in northern France) : William, Duke of Normandy,defeated Harold (the last Saxon king) and became the King of England.2. How did Christianity come to England? Name the most important monasteries of this period.●It was in the year of 597 that Pope Gregory the Great of the Roman Catholic Church sent St.Augustine to England to convert the Anglo-Saxons. King Ethelbert of the Kent was the first to be converted and he founded in Kent the Canterbury Abbey. In the north, the earlier Christianized Ireland was engaged in sending missionaries to the Angles. The monasteries built by them in North Umbria were the earliest civilizing influences, and the well-known North Umbria School in literary history refers to the learned monks in these monasteries. From Canterbury and North Umbria, Christianity spread throughout the country.3. Analyze the artistic features of Beowulf, using the quoted passage to illustrate your points.①he most noticeable artistic feature of Beowulf is alliteration.②Another peculiar feature characteristic is the frequent use of kennings, to poetically present the meaning of one single word through a compound simile of two elements.③Finally, the general mood and spirit of Anglo-Saxon epic poetry is both solemn and animated, Chapter 21. What was the social and class reality of the Anglo-Norman period?●After 1066, the Anglo-Norman period began. The Norman was in origin Scandinavian. Theyprotected their feudal monarchy by a strong power. William the Conqueror divided the land of England among his followers who became barons, which the defeated Anglo-Saxons worked as serfs and peasants for them and were cruelly exploited and oppressed. Besides the king and the lords, one third of the land in the land in the country was owned by the Church. Norman-Frenchwas made the official language of the state, while English was ignored. The lowly people kept to English and gradually the invaders were assimilated. the English language survived, and becamea richer and more mature language after absorbing a great many French words into its vocabulary.At this time that the English language lost most of its old Anglo-Saxons flexions.2. Tell the three divisions of romances according to subject matter and give an example of the Matter of Britain.●Romances can be divided according to their subjects into three groups: Matter of France, Matterof Rome, and Matter of Britain. Matter of Britain: e.g. the Arthurian cycle which has its origin in the Celtic legends and consists of adventures of King Arthur and his Round-Table Knights, and Sir Gawain and Lancelot, Merlin the Magician, the quest of the Holy Grail.3. Say as much as you know about Chaucer‟s life and works.●Geoffrey Chaucer, a great narrative poet, is thought of as Father of English Poetry. He was born ina well-to-do wine merchant‟s family in London and studied at Oxford and Cambridge. In 1836he was elected during Member of Parliament. In 1389 he was made Clerk of the King‟s W orks at Westminster and Windsor. After he died, he was buried in the Westminster Abbey.●Chaucer‟s creative career is usually divided into three phases. 1, the phase of French influence, inwhich he did translations from French authors, e.g. the famous Romance of the Rose,and experimented with rhythm and structure though mostly following the conventional images and ideas. He favored and wrote allegorical visions and satires in the manner of middle Ages. The most significant work of this period is The Book of Duchess. 2, the phase of Italian influence, in which he showed an effort to learn from the Italian great poets such as Dante. The House of Fame, The Parliament of Fowls and Troilus and Criseyde are poems of this phase. 3, the English phases, or the phase of realism, in which his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales wad created.4. Comment on the artistic features of Canterbury tales.● 1 Realistic Presentation of Characters and Contemporary life. First of all we must mentionChaucer‟s realistic presentation of characters. The poet tries to give a comprehensive picture of the English society of his time and arranges to present a colorful gallery of pilgrims that covers a great range of social life.2 Chaucer‟s Humor: The Canterbury Tales wins readers with its humo r.He is well-skilled in mild and subtle irony to create humorous effects.3 unity Through a Framed Story: the Canterbury Tales is a framed story.5. Sum up Chaucer‟s achievements and contributions.●Chaucer learned from both French and Latin poetry and then worked out a unique style for theEnglish poetry. The realism and humanistic concerns demonstrated in his works looked forward to the coming English Renaissance. Because he uses the English of the London dialect tocompose poetry, it becomes a literary language, that is a language rich and expressive enough to use for literary purposes. We call the English used and developed by Chaucer and his contemporaries Middle English, which was the foundation of modern English.Chapter 31) How did England become the most powerful country during the Tudor reign?●King Henry Ⅷ of the Tudor House, who reigned from 1509 to 1547 broke from the RomanCatholic Church, dissolved all the monasteries and abbeys in England, confiscated their lands and made himself head of the Church of England. Henry Ⅷ also adopted policies to please the rich merchants, handicraftsmen and manufacturers who formed the newly-born middle classes.The Tudor reign reached its summit during the time of Queen Elizabeth, who adopted moderate policies to achieve a balance both between the rising middle class and the feudal lords and between the Protestants and the Catholics. It was a peaceful time and England becomes a powerful state.2) What does the word …renaissance‟ mean and why do we call this historical period the Englishrenaissance period?●Renai ssance is a fence word, meaning …rebirth‟ or …revival‟, and in particular context, it means therevival of arts and sciences of ancient Greece and Rome after the long years of neglect in the medieval time. In England at first a great number of classical works were translated into English in the 15th and 16th centuries and English scholars and men of letters showed a strong interest in ancient Greek and Roman science. They followed in the wake of the intellectual and literary movement which began in the 14th century in Italy and later spread to France, Spain, Holland and other western European countries.3) Give a brief account of Thomas More‟s life and his major work Utopia.●Thomas More (1478~1535), a Parliament member and a judge by profession .he devoted hisspare time to writing and wrote the famous book Utopia in Latin, which was published in 1516.In the book More meets a traveler at Antwerp, who has seen a place called Utopia relend of nowhere‟, where communism is adopted as the social system, education is offered to all people, including women, and religious differences are tolerated. More is remembered for Utopia, which is first real significant expression of the English humanist ideal.4）Name Spenser`s major literary work and tell what it is about.●Edmund Spenser (1552~1599)●The Shepheardes Calender(1579), Spenser`s first important work, is a pastoral poem of 12 parts,one part for one month of the year, giving descriptions monthly of the English countryside. Thepoem is written in the tradition of Virgil`s verse dialogues with characters of shepherds and shepherdesses, but the main themes embodied are love, poetry and religion.●The Faerie Queene (1569), Spenser`s major achievement, however, is unfinished. It is anallegorical romance in verse. According to his plan, there should be 12 books, each telling the adventures of one knight dispatched by the Faerie Queen, Gloria, who represents glory in the general and Queen Elizabeth in particular.5）What are Bacon`s chief contributions?●The Advancement of Learning (1605), his classifies all branches of learning, which had a greatinfluence on the 18th~century compilers of encyclopedias and the 19th~century Comtians. In his Latin work Novum Organum(1620) Bacon presents his theory of scientific method which teaches how to interpret nature, discusses natural history including several natural phenomena such as the winds, and gives examples of his new method in use. Bacon is regarded as a forerunner of modern science and scientific learning.6). Who was the greatest playwright before Shakespeare? Discuss one of his plays.●Christopher Marlowe●Tamberlaine, the Great (1587), written in blank verse, is the life story of Timur the Tartar. In part 1,Marlowe shows how Tamburlaine rose to power from a shepherd-robber by defeating the king of Persia. Then he conquered the Turkish Emperor and the Soldan of Egypt. Part 2 tells more of his conquests, which went as far as Babylon. The play ended with tamburlaine`s death. In Tamburlaine we see the Renaissance pursuit of man`s power and authority. He is ruthless toward his enemies, but at the same time is capable of passionate love for the daughter of the Egyptian Soldan.7). What kind of comedy is Ben Jonson`s special contribution? And as a playwright how different is Ben Jonson from SP?●Jonson‟s theory of “humours” reduces his characters to types who represent greed,vanity,falsehood. They are flat, one-sided and have no development. Unlike him, Shakespeare digs deep into human nature and depicts the complexities of human relations. Also, Ben Jonson advocates classic Roman and Greek masters, strictly observes the three unities and disapproves of any mixture of the tragic with the comic, while Shakespeare creates according to his own judgment and the taste of the audience, and is very flexible in his handing of drama rules set by his predecessors. he was not pleased with Shakespeare for some time and criticized him for lacking good education. Their differences were so obvious that later Samuel Johnosn described one as the poet of art and the other as the poet of nature.Chapter 41) 。
英国文学练习题及标准答案
英国文学练习题及标准答案1.The national epic of the Anglo-Saxons is ____.A Robin HoodB Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC The Canterbury TalesD Beowulf2. ____was the most outstanding single romance on the Arthurian legend written in alliterative verse.A The Canterbury TalesB Piers the PlowmanC Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD Beowulf3. ____was famous for The Canterbury Tales.A Geoffrey ChaucerB John MiltonC William ShakespeareD Francis Bacon4. Most of the ballads of the 15th century focused on the legend about ____ as a heroic figure.A Green NightsB GawainC Robin HoodD Hamlet5.In the 16th century, Thomas More’s work ____became immediately popular after its publication.A Paradise LostB A Pleasant Satire of the Three EstatesC Of StudiesD Utopia6. ____was Edmund Spencer’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the grea t poems in the English language.A AmorettiB The Shepherd’s CalendarC The Faerie QueeneD Four Hymns7. ____ is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.A “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”B “To be or not to be: that is the question”C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”D “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”8. _____, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London about 1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden9.The four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ___ _.A. Antony and CleopatraB. Julius CaesarC Twelfth NightD King Lear10. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s romantic love comedies?A Twelfth NightB The TempestC As You Like ItD The Merchant of VeniceD C A C D C C A D B1. All of the following are the most eminent dramatists in the Renaissance England except______.a. William Shakespeareb. Ben Jonsonc. Christopher Marlowed. Francis Bacon2. The English Renaissance period was an age of _________.a. poetry and dramab. drama and novelc. novel and poetryd. romance and poetry3. Paradise Lost is the masterpiece of _____a. William Shakespeareb. Robert Burnsc. John Miltond. William Blake4. Which of the following plays written by Shakespeare is history play ?a. A Midsummer Night’s Dreamb. The Merry Wives of Windsorc. H enry IVd. King Lear5. The first official version of Bible known as the Great Bible, was revised in ______a. 16th centuryb. 17th centuryc. 18th centuryd. 19th century6. Francis Bacon’s Essays first published in 1597 has been considered as an important landmark in thedevelopment of English_______, and as the firstcollection of essays in the English language.a. poetryb. epicsc. fictiond. prose ?7. Daniel Defoe was famous for his novel ____ which first established his reputation.a.Gulliver’s Travelsb. The Adventure of Robinson Crusoec.The Pilgrim’s Progressd. Oliver Twist8. The famous poem “ A Red Red Rose” was written by_________a. William Wordsworthb. George Byronc. Robert Burnsd. William Blake9. Mary Shelley’s no vel Frankenstein belongs to the type of ____ which is often set in gloomy castles where horrifying, supernatural events take place.a. Gothicb. Realismc. Romanticismd. Classicism10. The first complete English Bible was translated by _______, “the morning star of the Reformation”and his followers.A. William LanglandB. James IC. John WycliffeD. Bishop Lancelot AndrewsD A C C B D B C A C1. The literature of the Anglo-Saxon period falls naturally into two divisions, ______ and Christian.a. Paganb. Romanc. Frenchd. Danish2. “ Poetry is Spontaneous” was put forward by________? a.Robert Burns b. William Blakec. William Wordsworthd. Charles Lamb3. Which of the following writings can be regarded as typical belonging to the school of Romantic literature?a. Don Juanb. Ulyssesc. Jane Eyred. Sons and Lovers4. ______is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.a. Francis Baconb. Edmund Spenserc. Thomas Mored. Sidney5. What is flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature?a. novelb.dramac. essayd. poetry6. The publication of _______marked the beginning of the Romantic Age.a. Don Juanb. The Rime of the Ancient Marinerc. The Lyrical Balladsd. Ode to the West Wind7. Which of the following did not belong to Romanticism? ?a. John Keatsb. Percy Shelleyc. William Wordsworthd. Alfred Tennyson8. Frankenstein was filmed many times. Who wrote the book?a. Edgar Allan Poeb. James Joycec. Mary Shelleyd. Walter Scott9. In the mid-18th century, a new literary movement called _______came to Europe and then to England.a. Romanticismb. Classicismc. Realismd. Restoration10. Which of the following poem was not written by John Keats?a. Ode to the West Windb. Ode to Autumnc. Ode on a Grecian Urnd. Ode to a NightingaleA C A ABCD C A A1. William Shakespeare is one of the giants of________a. Romanticismb. Critical Realismc. Aestheticismd. the Renaissance2. ________is the first important religious poet in English literature.a. John Donneb. George Herbertc. Caedmond. Milton3. _________was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.a. Thomas Wyattb. William Shakespearec. Philip Sidneyd. Thomas Gray4. The English poets________, William Wordsworth, and Robert Southey, were known as “ Lake Poets” because theylived in the Lake District Northwestern England at the beginning of the 19th century.a. George Byronb. John Keatsc. Percy Shelleyd. Samuel Coleridge ? 5. The most gifted of the “University Wits” was ____.A. John LilyB. Thomas KydC. Thomas GreeneD. Christopher Marlowe6. _____is one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.A. Phillip SidneyB. Edmund SpenserC. Thomas MoreD. Christopher Marlowe7. Morality plays appeared after_____.A. miracle playsB. mystery playsC. interludeD. Classical plays8. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of characteristics of Renaissance?a. Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in this life.b. Cultivation of the genuine flavor of ancient culture.c. Tolerance of human weaknesses.d. Praise of man’s efforts in having his soul delivered.9. The most intellectual movement of the Renaissance was ________.A. the ReformationB. HumanismC. the Italian revivalD. Geographical exploration10. What is the relationship between Claudius and Hamlet?A. CousinsB. Uncle and nephewC. Father-in-lawD. Father and son ?D C A D D C A D B B1. Which of the following is a typical feature of Swift’s writings?? A. Great wit. B. Bitter satire.C. Rich mythic allusions.D. Complicated sentence structures.2. ____ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan3. The ______ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.A. RomanticismB. HumanismC. EnlightenmentD. Sentimentalism4. Who was the greatest dramatist in the 18th century?A. Oliver GoldsmithB. Richard SheridanC. Laurence SterneD. Henry Fielding5. In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput”, “Brobdingnag”, “Houyhnhnm” and “Yahoo”?A.The Pilgrim’s ProgressB. The Faerie QueeneC. Gulliver’s TravelsD. The School for Scandal6. ____ poems can be divided into two categories: the youthful love lyrics and the later sacred verses.A. John MiltonB. John BunyanC. John DonneD. John Dryden7. In The Pilgrim’s Progress, John Bunyan describes The Vanity Fair in a _____ tone.A. delightfulB. solemnC. sentimentalD. satirical8. Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe created the image of an enterprising Englishman, typical of the English bourgeoisie in the _____ century.A. 17thB. 19thC. 18thD. 20th。
(完整word版)英国文学选读 课后习题
Thomas HardyTess of the D’Urbervilles1.How does Tess react to Clare’s suggestion that they should leave theirshelter?Why?She showed a strange unwillingness to move. Because she doesn’t want to put an end to all that’s sweet and lovely peacefulness and affection.2.What is the significance of Tess resting on an altar in the heathen temple?1）She is the sacrifice of the social conventions and prejudice which society has placed upon her2）In Hardy's eyes, she is the epitome of the purity of women, as pure as the sacrifices which are placed upon the altar.3）She knows the fate which is about to befall upon her, just as the sacrifices on the altar, inescapable death.4）Her death is caused by human hypocrisy and foolishness, similar to that of a sacrifice.5）At the end, the only place which can accept her for who she is is death and sacrifice.6）Biblical allusion. Parallel to phrase the first, when Abraham and her where on the carriage. Similar to the biblical story where Abraham was to sacrifice his son, the family sacrificed Tess.3. Comment on this sentence:“Justice’ was done,and the President of thelmmortals(in Aeschyleanphrase )had ended his sport with Tess”.In what sense is Tess’ s tory tragic?(1)Tess is a typical victim of the society. Poverty of the family, inhumanity, injustice andhypocrisy of the society decide her tragedy. The two men—the one who takes away her virginity and purity, the other who takes away her love but deserts her on the very weding night—though apparent rivals, join their forces in bringing about her final destruction.Hers is a personal tragedy; it can also be a social one.(2)The tragic fate of Tess and her family was not that of an individual family, but it was symbolic of the disintegration of the English peasantry--- a process which had reached its final and tragic stage at the end of 19th centuryJames Joyce Araby P1711.What is the significance of the title of the story?1. Araby is “a splendid bazaar” where Mangan’s sister recommends the boy to go. Thereafter the boy’s imagination seizes upon the name Araby and invests its syllables with “an Eastern enchantment” in which his “soul luxuriates”2. Araby becomes a place where his soul can find the mystical beauty lacking in his own mundane Church.3. The boy feels a summons that has symbolic over-tones of a holy crusade.But when he arrives, Araby , the dream new world for the boy ,turned out to be “darkness” and “silence”. His idealized vision of Araby is destroyed, along with his idealized vision of Mangan’s sister, and of love.2.Chief qualities of the boy’s character?The boy is a natural character with which to begin a book because he possesses so many qualities attractive to readers. First, he is sensitive — sensitive enough to experience a wide range of feelings in spite of his tender age, including apparently contradictory combinations like fear and longing (at the end of the story's first paragraph), anger and puzzlement (while falling asleep), and, especially, "a sensation of freedom" in response to his mentor's passing that surprises him and us. "I found it strange," the narrator says, "that neither I nor the day seemed in a mourning mood."Second, he is intelligent — and not merely in the conventional sense of the word. Sure, he is brainy enough to absorb much of the arcane information shared with him by the priest. (It makes sense that he has grown into the articulate storyteller who shares the tale of Father Flynn's influence upon him.) But the protagonist of "The Sisters" also possesses an intuitive understanding of how other human beings feel, think, and act —emotional intelligence, you might call it.It is no surprise that a boy so sensitive, so intelligent, would find himself somewhat alienated from others — cut off, fundamentally, from his family and peers. He appears to lack altogether a connection with his uncle, much less Old Cotter, and it is said that he rarely plays "with young lads of his own age." Even when he is in the company of his aunt and the priest's sisters near story's end, the reader's main sense of the boy is that he is alone.The school boy, in the story 'Araby", is the narrator of the story. He has not yet attained majority and is by nature bashful. He lived alone with his auntie and uncle and knew a few play-mates with whom he played in the street. Mangan's sister was perhaps only girl who lived in his neighborhood. He started appreciating her figure and dress without actually realizing that he had grown to like her. Being preadolescent person he had not become conscious that such a passion is just natural and it does not call for apology or regrets.If he had expressed his noble feeling of love for the girl he might have been able to overcome his bashfulness. Once he hesitated in expressing his sentiments, he developed an inhibition with the result that he was never able to make his feelings known to her. He went worshipping her silently. By chance, she happened to talk to him, he felt confused and did not know how to express himself. His desire to visit Araby became an obsession for him and he made up his mind to go to the market at the earliest and bring a gift for her. The hour that he reached Araby, was not at all fit for purchasing something really worthwhile. He experienced a sort of bitterness even worse than defeat. Being a lonely person, he is in search of a kindred soul. But lacking self-confidence he is not able to win her, as any other person without inhibition could have done so easily.The boy in the story is so bashful and inept in his relation with Mangan's sister only. He was quite a sociable boy in his own way and was good at studies. His auntie and uncle never discovered any oddity about him. He certainly proved quite helpful when he accompanied his aunt on her shopping trips. After his missed venture with Araby he lost interest in his studies. His teacher stared feeling concerned about him. But he did not know the real reason for this lack of interest in his studies. He is a hardworking and responsible boy and is capable of changing his attitude in keeping with the changingconditions. His unrequited love has proved disappointing experience for him, but certainly it would have made him wiser and more practical in future.3.Is anything gained by the boy through his frustration and humiliation?The boy is initiated into knowledge through a loss of innocenceThe boy worships and desires Mangan’ssister , and Mangan’s sister is the light that contracts to the gloomy reality.But the quest ends when he arrives at the bazaar and realizes with slow, tortured clarity that Araby is not at all what he has imagined. He feels angry and betrayed and realizes his self-deception.The boy is initiated into knowledge through a loss of innocence and fully realizes the incompatibility between the beautiful and innocent world of the imagination and the very real world of fact. So the “quest” is not fruitless, becaus e it helps the narrator come to self-knowledge.D.H. LawrenceThe rocking-horse winnerDoes the house really whisper?No, it is not the house whispers.The expensive and splendid toys, the shining modern rocking horse and the smart doll’s house are the reflection of the parents’ vanity. This couple bought so many expensive things means that they want to have a life of nabobism and a nabobism life means that there must be more money.This phrase was used intentionally to emphasize the theme“greed”Does luck mean money? How do you define luck?No….Who kills Paul?It was the society killed Paul.The development of urban industrialism caused people only care money. At that time,people thought money is everything. So,in the novel, the house whispered and mom emphasized luck so many times. Paul wanted to get his mother’s attention by money which forced him to ride the rocking-horse again and again. Paul was ill and the whole society was ill too.Matthew Arnold Dover BeachForm•Preserves the structure of the Romantic Lyric (Descriptive-Meditative-Descriptive)•“Dover Beach” is a poem with the mournful tone of an elegy and the personal intensity ofa dramatic monologue. Because the meter and rhyme vary from line to line, the poem issaid to be in free verse—that is, it is unencumbered by the strictures of traditional versification. However, there is cadence in the poem, achieved through the following: •Parallel Structure•The tide is full, the moon lies fair (Stanza 1); So various, so beautiful, so new (Stanza 4);•Hath really neither joy, nor love, nor light / Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain (Stanza 4)•Rhyming Words•to-night, light; fair, night-air; stand, land; bay, spray; fling, bring; begin, in (Stanza 1) •Words Suggesting Rhythm•draw back, return; Begin, and cease, then begin again (Stanza 1); turbid ebb and flow (Stanza 2)Figures of Speech•Alliteration:•to-night , tide; full, fair (Lines 1-2); gleams, gone; coast, cliff; long line; which the waves;folds, furled; to-night, tide; full, fair; gleams, gone; coast, cliff (Stanza 1) •Assonance: t ide, l ies;•Paradox and Hyperbole: grating roar of pebbles•Metaphor:•which the waves draw back, and fling (comparison of the waves to an intelligent entity that rejects that which it has captured)•turbid ebb and flow of human misery (comparison of human misery to the ebb and flow of the sea)•The Sea of Faith (comparison of faith to water making up an ocean)breath of the night-wind (comparison of the wind to a living thing)•Simile:•The Sea of Faith . . . lay like the folds of a bright girdle furled (use of like to compare the sea to a girdle)•the world, which seems / To lie before us like a land of dreams (use of like to compare the world to a land of dreams)•Anaphora:•So various, so beautiful, so new (repetition of so)nor love, nor light, / Nor certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain (repetition of nor) ThemeArnold’s central message is this: Challenges to the validity of long-standing theological and moral precepts have shaken the faith of people in God and religion•Decay of orthodox religious beliefs•“Let us be true to one another”: Emphasizes personal connection•Subverts Romantic View of Nature•The underlying theme of the poem is the hollowness of human lives, how everything looks beautiful at face value but is far from it in reality•The superficial calm prevailing in the world is brought out.1.Humanity-----the sea2.Sea-----humanity’s religious faith(ebbing tide is to nature----- loss of faith is to humanity)3.Sea-----land of dreams。
王守仁《英国文学选读》(第3、4版)笔记和课后习题(含考研真题)详解
目录第1单元杰弗里•乔叟 (7)1.1复习笔记 (7)1.2课后习题详解 (8)1.3考研真题与典型题详解 (8)第2单元威廉•莎士比亚 (13)2.1复习笔记 (13)2.2课后习题详解 (16)2.3考研真题与典型题详解 (17)第3单元弗朗西斯•培根 (26)3.1复习笔记 (26)3.2课后习题详解 (26)3.3考研真题与典型题详解 (27)第4单元17世纪英国诗人 (30)4.1复习笔记 (30)4.2课后习题详解 (32)4.3考研真题与典型题详解 (33)第5单元冒险小说作家 (39)5.1复习笔记 (39)5.2课后习题详解 (41)5.3考研真题与典型题详解 (42)第6单元浪漫主义诗人(1) (50)6.1复习笔记 (50)6.2课后习题详解 (54)6.3考研真题与典型题详解 (56)第7单元简•奥斯汀 (66)7.1复习笔记 (66)7.2课后习题详解 (67)7.3考研真题与典型题详解 (67)第8单元浪漫主义诗人(2) (72)8.1复习笔记 (72)8.2课后习题详解 (74)8.3考研真题与典型题详解 (75)第9单元夏洛蒂•勃朗特 (86)9.1复习笔记 (86)9.2课后习题详解 (87)9.3考研真题与典型题详解 (88)第10单元查尔斯•狄更斯 (92)10.1复习笔记 (92)10.2课后习题详解 (93)10.3考研真题与典型题详解 (94)第11单元维多利亚时代的诗人 (100)11.1复习笔记 (100)11.2课后习题详解 (102)11.3考研真题与典型题详解 (104)第12单元托马斯•哈代 (115)12.1复习笔记 (115)12.2课后习题详解 (116)12.3考研真题与典型题详解 (117)第13单元现代剧作家 (121)13.1复习笔记 (121)13.2课后习题详解 (123)13.3考研真题与典型题详解 (124)第14单元约瑟夫•康拉德 (130)14.1复习笔记 (130)14.2课后习题详解 (131)14.3考研真题与典型题详解 (132)第15单元20世纪英国诗人(1) (134)15.1复习笔记 (134)15.2课后习题详解 (136)15.3考研真题与典型题详解 (137)第16单元现代主义小说家(1) (152)16.1复习笔记 (152)16.2课后习题详解 (154)16.3考研真题与典型题详解 (155)第17单元现代主义小说家(2) (163)17.1复习笔记 (163)17.2课后习题详解 (164)17.3考研真题与典型题详解 (164)第18单元E•M•福斯特 (168)18.1复习笔记 (168)18.2课后习题详解 (169)18.3考研真题与典型题详解 (170)第19单元威廉•戈尔丁 (173)19.1复习笔记 (173)19.2课后习题详解 (174)19.3考研真题与典型题详解 (174)第20单元多丽斯•莱辛 (177)20.1复习笔记 (177)20.2课后习题详解 (178)20.3考研真题与典型题详解 (178)第21单元约翰•福尔斯 (181)21.1复习笔记 (181)21.2课后习题详解 (182)21.3考研真题与典型题详解 (182)第22单元20世纪英国诗人(2) (184)22.1复习笔记 (184)22.2课后习题详解 (187)22.3考研真题与典型题详解 (188)第23单元 A. S. 拜厄特 (192)23.1复习笔记 (192)23.2课后习题详解 (193)23.3考研真题与典型题详解 (193)第24单元V. S. 奈保尔 (195)24.1复习笔记 (195)24.2课后习题详解 (196)24.3考研真题与典型题详解 (197)第25单元格雷厄姆•斯维夫特 (199)25.1复习笔记 (199)25.2课后习题详解 (200)25.3考研真题与典型题详解 (200)第26单元石黑一雄 (202)26.1复习笔记 (202)26.2课后习题详解 (203)26.3考研真题与典型题详解 (203)第27单元伊恩•麦克尤恩 (205)27.1复习笔记 (205)27.2课后习题详解 (206)27.3考研真题与典型题详解 (206)第28单元朱利安•巴恩斯 (207)28.1复习笔记 (207)28.2课后习题详解 (208)28.3考研真题与典型题详解 (208)第1单元杰弗里•乔叟1.1复习笔记Geoffrey Chaucer (杰弗里·乔叟)(1343-1400)1. Life (生平)Geoffrey Chaucer, born in 1343 in London, is the founder of English poetry. He was the son of a wine merchant who had connections with the Court. He later became a courtier and comptroller.Chaucer‘s learning was wide in scope. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. He had broad and intimate acquaintance with persons high and low in all walks of life, and knew well the whole life of his time, which left great impressions upon his works and particularly upon his variegated depiction of the English society of his time.He died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, thus founding the Poets‘ Corner.杰弗里·乔叟于1343年出生于伦敦，他是英语诗歌之父。
英国文学Jane-Eyre课后答案
Jane Eyre1. What is Jane Eyre’s view of love as reflected in the excerpt?In the novel Jane is not only love her life but be kind to others, she listened to the call of her inner world. Once caught it, she pursued it-- she fell in love with her master bravely. She cherished everything around her: the people, the plant, the animal and the whole nature. Besides Mr. Rochester, she was kind to her friends, her cousins, her students and the servants, even to the dog and the moorland. To her hostile enemy, Jane gave the same mercy: Mrs. Reed, her daughters and son, the evil mad woman of Mr.Rochester.Jane was totally a speaker of the author Charlotte: what can we do before the hardness of life, including death? The love consisted of two passions: the deep feeling to the human and the thankful cherishment of being. With constant sufferings in life, which were believed to be unbearable for most of us, Charlotte struggled to live her noble life, taking her responsibility in family and society, starving friendship and pursuing her career.2. Why does Jane Eyre decide to stay with Mr. Rochester?I think Jane Eyre decides to stay with Mr. Rochester because she loves himdeeply. From the novel we can see that in fact, during the time when Jane Eyre lives in Thorn field a year ago, she falls in love with Mr. Rochester. She is attracted by Mr.Rochester’s charms. Later she leaves him because she loves him; she could not be Rochester’s mistress. She wants a sense of complete love. However when Jane hears that her lover Rochester becomes disabled, she desperately comes back to accompany Mr. Rochester. She decides to stay with Mr. Rochester because she always loves Rochester, the love never changes. Just as in this excerpt Jane says “But if you wish me to love you, could you but see how much I do love you, you would be proud and content. All my heart is yours, sir: it belongs to you; and with you it would remain, were fate to exile the rest of me from your presence for ever”. In a word, it is love that leads Jane’s decision to s tay with Rochester.3 .What kind of relationship between Jane Eyre and Mr. Rochester does the lastparagraph of the excerpt suggest?The last paragraph of this excerpt describes a scene of Jane and Mr. Rochester’s subtle movements for expressing their love. “Then he stretched his hand out to be led.I took that dear hand, held it a moment to my lips, then let it pass around my shoulder: being so much a lower of stature than he, I served both for his prop and guide, we enter the wood, and wended homeward.”From just all these words, we may easily see the sincere love and forgiveness and support to Mr. Rochester. All the way, Jane holds the unchangeable views of respect, of love, of freedom and of equality, no matter when she is his governess or she refuses to his marriage or now she is his wife. In the past she and Rochester, She of course knows their great disparity of social status, a rich village manor owner and a low-grade governess. Nevertheless, there exists all along a standpoint in her mind, they were born equal.Jane’s love is invariably loyal and faithful to Rochester by rejecting John River’s proposal. When he has terribly suffered the fire, she still accepts him, which is really a vowed love. Rochester as well expresses his deep love to Jane. This was her perfect love view, an equal love, a hundred-percent love, a respected love, a self-giving love.At last they are equal spouses in status and also economy and love. For the moment Jane holds him to homeward, acting as both his prop and guide, which does not only means to guide his walk but also means she will support him and is willing to guide him to the happy life, no more his previous cold life. She hopes in the future they can carry each other as now.That is love, pure and great love.。
英国文学课后练习期末复习重点
英国文学课后练习期末复习重点英国文学课后练习期末复习重点Review Questions for Chapter 2Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of .“So long as man can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this and this gives life to thee”(Shakespeare,Sonnets 18)Here,”this” refers to .Paradise Lost is actually a story taken from ._____is the essence of the Renaissance._____ initiated the religious reformation in the Renaissance movement. _____was the first person who introduced printing into England.The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are _____, _____ and _____._____was the founder of modern science in England._____ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are ________. _____is the most common foot in English poetry.Francis Bacon is best known for his _____which greatly influenced the development of this literary form._____is the leading figure of the “metaphysical school”.What is heroic couplet?What is iambic pentameter?What are Chaucer’s main contributions to the English language?What are the features of humanism?Is Shylock in any way a sympathetic character? Why or why not?What are Christopher Marlowe’great achievements in English literature?Why does the Wife of Bath go on pilgrimage?What are the stylistic features o the folk ballad?In John Donne’s sonnet “Death Be Not Proud”, what standard portrait of Death is the speaker negating(否定)? What does the speaker think about the dominion (统治权) of Death?Review Questions for Chapter 31. For his contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel, ________ has been regarded as “Father of the English Novel”.A. Henry FieldingB. Daniel DefoeC. John BunyanD. James Joyce2. In his novel, Robinson Crusoe, Defoe eulogizes the hero of the ________?A. aristocratic classB. enterprising landlordsC. rising bourgeoisieD. hard-working people3. “Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. ”This sentence appears in ________.A. The Advancement of LearningB. A Dictionary of the English LanguageC. An Essay on CriticismD. Of Studies4. Neoclassical theorists saw man as an imperfect being, inherently sinful, whose potential was limited.。
(NEW)王守仁《英国文学选读》(第3版)课后习题详解
目 录第1单元 杰弗里•乔叟第2单元 威廉•莎士比亚第3单元 弗朗西斯•培根第4单元 17世纪英国诗人第5单元 冒险小说作家第6单元 浪漫主义诗人（1）第7单元 简•奥斯汀第8单元 浪漫主义诗人（2）第9单元 夏洛蒂•勃朗特第10单元 查尔斯•狄更斯第11单元 维多利亚时代的诗人第12单元 托马斯•哈代第13单元 现代剧作家第14单元 约瑟夫•康拉德第15单元 20世纪英国诗人（1）第16单元 现代主义小说家（1）第17单元 现代主义小说家（2）第18单元 爱德华•摩根•福斯特第19单元 威廉•戈尔丁第20单元 多丽丝•莱辛第21单元 约翰•福尔斯第22单元 20世纪英国诗人（2）第23单元 A.S.拜厄特第24单元 V.S.奈保尔第25单元 格雷厄姆•斯威夫特第26单元 石黑一雄第1单元 杰弗里•乔叟1How is the setting of the tales described? With such a setting, could you predict the general tone of the tales that are to follow?Key: (1) Chaucer sets the tales in the spring, describing both the natural world and people—the natural world shows a kind of renewal and rebirth, and people begin to stir after the long sleep of winter. Chaucer’s description of the landscape is lively (欢快的) and fresh (清新的), since he speaks of budding flowers, growing crops and singing birds.(2) According to such a setting, we can predict that the general tone of the tales will be light, sprightly (活泼的、愉快的) and humorous.2In your own words, summarize the character of the Knight from the brief introduction in this excerpt.Key: According to the excerpt, we can see that the Knight has followed chivalry—truth, honor, freedom and courtesy. He had fought many battles for the faith of people. He is a brave, wise, modest and “truly perfect gentle-knight”.3Without comparison with the translated version, are there words still recognizable to you in the original Middle English version?Key: Yes, there are many words can be recognized. Because many words only contain few different letters compared with the modern words. What’s more, sometimes, we can recognize the words by guess or by the sense-group.第2单元 威廉•莎士比亚Hamlet1Why sleep is so frightening, according to Hamlet, since it can “end” “the heartache and the thousand natural shocks”?Key: Death means the end of life. If he dies, he may go to an unknown world and can never come back. In this sense, Hamlet cannot take revenge on his uncle for his father, failing to realize his will. Though “sleep” can end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks, it is a state of mind that Hamlet doesn’t know at all. He is frightened by the possible suffering in the long “dream”. He can’t predict what will happen in the sleep, may be good may be evil.2Why would people rather bear all the sufferings of the world instead of choosing death to get rid of them, according to Hamlet?Key: According to Hamlet, because that people don’t know what lying there waiting for them in the unknown world, maybe something more terrible than that in the mortal world.3What, after all, makes people lose their determination to take action? Please explain in relation to the so-called hesitation of Hamlet.Key: It is the fear for the unknown world after death and the lack of confidence for the future make people loose determination to take action. Hamlet doesn’t know what would happen if he kills his uncle or kills himself, so he is hesitated. However, Hamlet’s hesitation should be seen from a different point of view. The main reason lies in his concern for his nation. Hamlet is a true man. He wants to change the dark existing world, but it is beyond his ability, so he has no idea what he should do. He knows his death can’t solve the problems deeply rooted in the society. So he hesitated about what he should do as the prince of Demark. His revenge is not everything for him. And he clearly knows that the sudden death of king may cause some disorders in the country. Thus he is confused about his action.Romeo and Juliet1What does Romeo compare Juliet to in the beginning passage of the selection?Key: Romeo compares Juliet to the sun.2What is Romeo and Juliet’s attitude toward being a Montague or a Capulet?Key: They think that since their family names hinder them from loving each other, they prefer that the names Montague and Capulet have nothing to do with themselves and even give them up.3What does Romeo mean when he says “Look thou but sweet,/And I am proof against their enmity”?Key: It means that Romeo loves Juliet so much that he thinks that the love can protect him from harm and dissolve the hatred between their families. Sonnet 181How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line?Key: The poet thinks that he should not “compare thee to a summer’s day”, because “Thou art more lovely and more temperate”. And, in the following part, he gives his reasons.2What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more beautiful (fair) than summer and immortal?Key: Because the poet thinks that “thy eternal summer shall not fade” for they will be preserved and perpetuated in the lines he writes.第3单元 弗朗西斯•培根Of Marriage and Single Life1Is marriage an impediment or help to one’s career development?Key: Sometimes, marriage can be an impediment, and sometimes, it can help one develop his or her career as well, because it depends on the quality of the marriage. As the saying goes “A peaceful family will prosper”, so we can say that husbands and wives can benefit a lot from good marriages, while a terrible marriage will ruin both sides. In a good marriage, husband and wife will be happier, and they will help and encourage each other, which will be good for their careers. On the contrary, in an unhappy marriage, husband and wife usually quarrel a lot and things tend to be worse.2In what sense are wife and children “a kind of discipline of humanity”? Key: A single man has no others to think about, so he is likely to think of himself and spend a lot of money on himself. What’s more, he tends to take any risk if he wants to, for he does not need to be responsible for anyone. However, a married man cannot be so go-as-you-please, because he has wife and children, and he must be responsible for them. Furthermore, he has to work hard to fulfill his wife and children’s expectation. He becomes a loving man, who not only loves his wife and children, but also loves others. A loving husband and a qualified father can contribute the greatest merit to the public to a large extent. In this sense, we can say that wife and children are “a kind of discipline of humanity”.3Bacon prefers marriage to single life. Do you find his arguments convincing?Key: Yes, I think Bacon’s arguments are convincing. He proves his points by comparison. He clearly points out the disadvantages of single life and the advantages of marriage. For instance, a single person only cares about himself, and does not pay attention to the future; a married man tends to become responsible, tender, enthusiastic and warm-hearted. As the sentence goes “wives are young men’s mistresses, companions for middle age, and oldmen’s nurses” which means that when a man is young, his wife can make many decisions and arrangements for the family; when he comes to middle age, wife always stays with him as a companion; when he becomes old, wife will take care of him till the end of life. Even though a woman marries a bad husband, marriage offers a chance for husband to correct themselves. These points all are reasonable, which make Bacon’s arguments very convincing. Of Study1We are now living in the age of “information explosion”. What lessons can we learn from Bacon’s “Of Studies” in our access to information?Key: According to Bacon’s opinion: “studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience”. We should combine theory and practice together. That is, practicing what we have learned is quite important.Bacon’s idea that “some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.” also teaches us to use different methods of reading in terms of the quality and content of the book. When we face information, we should do some selections rather than easily trust them all. More importantly, we should have an independent mind.2In what sense does reading make a full man?Key: As Bacon says “Histories make men wise, poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend”, we can know that different books and subjects have their different influences on people. Some books can make people wiser and make fewer mistakes; some books can make people wittier and more sensible to beauty; some books can make people think in a more scientific and accurate way…So reading can cultivate and better a man. In this sense, reading makes a full man.第4单元 17世纪英国诗人The Flea1Why does the poet say that "this cannot be said a sin, or shame, or loss of maidenhead"?Key: Because it is the flea that sucked their blood and made them mingled together, they are not sinful or shameful, and the man’s beloved does not loss her maidenhead. The flea has joined them together in a way that “alas, is more than we would do”.2What do you think is the addressee’s parents’ attitude toward the poet’s wooing?Key: The addressee’s parents’ attitude is against the poet’s wooing.3What is the real purpose of the poet to say that in killing the flea "thou" are actually killing three lives?Key: The poet compares the killing of the flea to murder. He thinks that if his beloved kills the flea, he and she would be killed within the flea. He even states that the act of killing the flea would be “sacrilege”. If the lover denies the fact that their blood and therefore their lives are contained within the flea, it is similar to committing an irreligious act. This would seem to acknowledge that their closeness within the flea is allowable. The importunate lover wishes his mistress to understand that she should accept his wooing because there is nothing wrong with the unity of two people.Holy Sonnet 101Why does the poet say that death is the “slave to fate, chance, kings and desperate men”?Key: Because for the most part, fate, chance, kings and desperate men can threaten some people with Death when they like to, and by this way, Death is exploited and may be forced to do what it does not want to. In this sense, death is a slave.2What does the poet mean when he says “we wake eternally” after one short sleep?Key: The poet was a priest and he believed that the soul of men would never die. After death, men would enter another world and lived forever. In this sense, after death, men “wake eternally”.John Milton1Where are the serpent (“the” in line 51) and his followers condemned after their defeat?Key: The serpent and his followers are condemned into the hell by God.2What are the God’s punishments for those rebellious angels as described by Milton in lines 59-74?Key: Those rebellious angels are sent into the horrible dungeon filled with flames, darkness, floods and whirlwinds, in which there is no peace, rest or hope, but full of sorrow and torture.3What is considered by Satan as “ignominy” and “shame” (line ll5)?Key: Satan considers that “To bow and sue for grace/ With suppliant knee, and deify his power/ Who from the terror of this arm so late/ Doubted his empire-that were low indeed” is “ignominy and shame”. That is, he thinks that it is shameful to bow to God to ask for grace and forgiveness.4What is Satan advising the serpent and his followers to do in this part of Paradise Lost?Key: Satan advices the serpent and his followers to fight against God.第5单元 冒险小说作家Daniel Defoe1Do you find the description of Crusoe’s setting up the tent convincing? Could you think of better ways to build a shelter in his situation?Key: Yes, I think it is convincing. Crusoe takes everything into his consideration and makes sure his shelter is comfortable and safe. He takes advantage of the natural resources. Perhaps, there is no way to build a better one than his.2What do you think of Crusoe’s way of marking time? Why is it important for him to keep track of time?Key: I think it’s a good way.The reason is that Crusoe is a civilized man and time is very valuable to him. In fact, he represents the hard-working middle class, and has the sense of working hard and cherishing time.3From this excerpt, what do you find admirable in Robinson Crusoe?Key: From this excerpt, we can find many admirable characteristics in Robinson Crusoe. He is adventurous, practical, thoughtful, hard-working, brave, shrewd, energetic, optimistic, strong-minded and kind-hearted…Under the special circumstance, Crusoe shows many good and valuable qualities of human beings.Jonathan Swift1In what ways are Yahoos comparable to human beings in Gulliver’s Travels? Comment on the Houyhnhnms’ attitude toward human beings. Key: Both human beings and Yahoos are warlike, greedy, jealous, gluttonous and filthy… What’s more, they eat everything that they can find no matter the food is good or bad for them; they would be sick because of nastiness and greediness; they would suffer from depression because of their idleness; thefemale Yahoos have nasty qualities, such as lewdness, coquetry, censure and scandal. Yahoos and human beings have many features in common.The Houyhnhnms’ attitude toward human beings is critical, malicious and objective. They are not slandering, for human beings indeed have all the defects that the Houyhnhnms have mentioned. It seems that they know about human beings clearly and they compare Yahoos and humankind in a very elaborative way. Their points of view are very convincing.2What are the symbolic meanings of Yahoos and Houyhnhnms?Key: Yahoos and Houyhnhnms represent the evil human nature and good qualities of humankind respectively.第6单元 浪漫主义诗人（1）William BlakeThe Lamb1Does this poem describe a lamb or the mind of the child who is speaking to the lamb? What is the relation of the lamb and the child to God?Key: The poem describes the mind of the child who is speaking to the lamb by which shows the gentleness and tenderness of the lamb.The lamb is the symbol of the child to the God. It shows the love of God that he creates the lamb and Jesus is often called the lamb of the God. So, the poem not only appreciates the kindness of the lamb but also praise the mysterious power which creates the lamb. In this sense, God, Jesus and the lamb combine together.2What does the Lamb stand for?Key: The Lamb stands for Jesus Christ, who was offered by God as the final sacrifice for the sins of humankind. The Lamb and Jesus have virtues in common: gentleness, tenderness, kindness and compassion. So, the Lamb also stands for these good attributes.The Tiger1Why does the poet mention the Lamb? Do you think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other?Key: The Tiger is corresponding to The Lamb. Both the poems show the poet’s exploration, understanding and plaint of the mysterious creation. In this poem, the poet implies that the Tiger as well as the Lamb are both created by God. So the Tiger and the Lamb share the same creator and have some kind of relationship.Yes, I think both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other. The lamb represents the kind and gentle humanities, but it lacks the motivation to makeprogress. While the tiger will cause the social misery, unrest or even disruption, but it can stimulate people’s creativity. So the tiger becomes the symbol of strength and courage. In this sense, the Tiger and the Lamb can illuminate each other.2What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger? What idea does the poet want to express?Key: The tiger symbolizes the God’s power in creation and it becomes the embodiment of beauty, strength, vitality and complexity.The poet’s idea is that God not only create the kind lamb but also create the tough tiger. So God is mysterious and complicated and nobody can indeed know about God.The Sick Rose1In what sense do you think the rose is “sick”?Key: On a superficial and literal level, the rose is invaded by the worm and become sick. On a deeper level, the “sick” rose has several symbolic meanings: a) the rose symbolizes young girls, and the worm refers to impure love of men, which defiles the girls’ chastity. Thus, the girls are destroyed. b) The rose symbolizes the toiling masses that are under the exploitation and oppression of the capitalism represented by the worm. It means that there is something wrong with the whole social system. c) The rose symbolizes the soul and spirit of man, while the worm symbolizes the ugly and evil aspects of humanity. The rose is “sick”, because that innocence is replaced by experience, and the virtues are replaced by the evil as well.2Should there be any symbolic meanings for the night and the storm? If so, what meanings would you suggest?Key: Yes, there are some symbolic meanings for the night and the storm. Based on the symbolic meanings of the rose and the worm, we can find that the night and the storm symbolize the deceit and impure love of men, the progress of capitalism and the process of gaining experience.Robert BurnsA Red, Red Rose1How does the narrator in the poem express his love?Key: The narrator uses rhetoric devices in this poem to express his love, such as simile and exaggeration. At first, the poet compares his lover to a red rose and beautiful melody, which are very lovely and attractive to himself and arouse the love in his heart. And then, the poet say that he will not change his love for his lover even though “the seas gang dry” and “the rocks melt wi’ the sun” as well as “the sands o’life shall run”. What’s more, the narrator directly speaks out his love as well-“So deep in luve am I / And I will luve thee still, my dear”.2Why is this poem so touching to the readers?Key: Because this poem shows a kind of true love and real feelings of the poet toward his lover, which is always touching to people. In the poem, the poet expresses his ardent and steadfast love in a very powerful and efficient way, and it really can arouse the love feelings in the readers’ hearts.Auld Lang Syne1What does “cup o’kindness” imply?Key: The poem is a narrative poem praising friendship. After reading the whole poem we can find that “cup o’kindness” implies the friendship between the narrator and his friends.2How do you know the people in the poem used to be friends and are now old?Key: “Cup o’kindness” is mentioned twice in this poem-in the second and the last sections-which refer to their reunion. The people in the poem used to be friends and now they are old. After the first “cup o’kindness”, the author begins to recall their joyful life; they have run in the brae, picked up the fine gowans, and wandered a long and weary journey, paddled in the stream allthe day. But all the nice memory has been the history “Sun’ auld lang syne”. Then comes to the present gathering, there is one more “cup o’kindness” to imply that how much the author really cherishes the friendship and wish it to last forever.William Wordsworth1What is the relation between the poet and nature as described in the poem?Key: The beauty of the nature can make the poet happy and joyful, make his mind pure with little thought, and offer him consolation and serenity.2Do you think nature can have healing effect on mind?Key: Yes, I think that nature can have healing effect on mind. Nature is free from pressure and worries. It is full of beauty and attractions. While human beings have to deal with many troubles, and every now and then they need to have a good rest and get rid of their troubles from their minds. Throwing oneself into the bosom of nature is an effective way to relax and enjoy the true pleasure and beauty. When you are in nature, you will forget about those annoying matter that troubles you and your soul will be purified.Samuel Taylor Coleridge1Coleridge claimed that the poem was “composed in a sort of reverie brought on by two grains of opium”. Could you find similar cases in the Chinese literary history?Key: Yes, Li Bai liked drinking and sometimes he wrote poems in a trance state.2Can we say this poem has no coherent meaning and is wrapped up in an atmosphere of the supernatural and the fantastic? Give your opinions.Key: Yes, we can. The poet wrote this poem after he took the opium, and his thoughts were fragmental. He just wrote down what occurred to him. Thus, there were only pieces of meaning rather than coherent meaning.At the same time, the poem is wrapped up in an atmosphere of thesupernatural and the fantastic. The poet mentioned “Alph, the sacred river”,“a waning moon was haunted / By woman wailing for her demon-lover”, and “His flashing eyes, his floating hair! / Weave a circle round him thrice”… -these give people a sense of the supernatural and fantastic.第7单元 简•奥斯汀1Do you agree with the statement “it is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife”? What is the relationship between money and marriage?Key: Yes, I agree. It is reasonable that when a man is mature enough he wants to get married and raise a family. That is a necessary part of his success and accomplishment. More importantly, he has to earn enough money to support his family. So, when he possesses such kind of fortune, he wants to achieve this purpose.Money is not the only criteria of a happy marriage, but a happy marriage cannot achieve without enough money. Without money, we also can get married with our lovers, and we can earn money by working hard together. As time goes on, if we can get enough money to support our families, we will feel satisfied and live happily. However, if we cannot earn a good fortune, but live a poor life, we will encounter many practical problems, and our pride and confidence will be ruined, thus it is difficult to be happy. Money does have something to do with marriage, but is not crucial. What really matters in marriage is love and affection between the couple.2What do you think of Mrs. Bennet? How can you characterize her?Key: I think Mrs. Bennet is very typical of middle-aged woman. She is worried about her daughters’ marriage, and is eager to marry them off. She is somewhat a gossip; she is easy to get nervous; she likes to make a fuss about everything.3What makes Elizabeth feel so grateful to Darcy? How does Darcy respond to her?Key: Elizabeth’s sister Lydia has always been frivolous. Later in the novel, she elopes with Wickham, who is poor and hypocritical, and lives with him out of wedlock. This behavior is not recognized at that time and destroys the Bennets’ reputation. Although Lydia has the plan to marry Wickham, who as a playboy, considers everything as a game. Elizabeth is so worried with hersister, so she decides to leave her hometown to find her sister. Fortunately, Darcy gives a helping hand. He finds them and tries his best to convince Lydia to come back. Faced with Wickham’s greedy, he doesn’t flinch. He pays the debts for Wickham and gives Lydia a large amount of money. In order to help them, he also buys an office post for Wickham. Besides, Darcy is also very gentle; he does not expose Wickham so as to protect the whole family’s reputation. He does everything for Elizabeth, and he doesn’t want her to be harmed. Darcy is very proud at the beginning, which makes Elizabeth hate him so much, but after he has done so many things, Elizabeth’s prejudice is eliminated and she feels so grateful to Darcy. Darcy feels sorry at the beginning. He is also surprised and excited. At first, he doesn’t want Elizabeth to know everything. However, he is delighted that Elizabeth is not as indifferent to him as before. He has never wanted to get her gratitude, but this time he feels hopeful. He tells Elizabeth that all his done was for her only, because it’s only her in his heart. He shows his affections to her again which makes Elizabeth so embarrassed. Darcy also apologizes for his pride in the past time. Now, they have cleared up the misunderstanding. It’s a turning point of their emotional journey.第8单元 浪漫主义诗人（2）George Gordon ByronShe Walks in Beauty1What is the colour of the lady’s dress? How do you know?Key: The lady’s dress is black. Because “She walks in beauty, like the night / Of cloudless climes and starry skies”. We can see that she is dressed in black and looks like the dark night.2What does “their dwelling place” refer to in the last line of the second stanza?Key: It refers to the lady’s face. “Or softly lightens o’er her face; / Where thoughts serenely sweet express / How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.”From these lines, we can know that “their” refers to “thoughts’”.3Where are the lady’s winning smiles? How do they appear to the poet? Key: The winning smiles are on the lady’s face and over her brow.The poet observes the woman’s tints on the face, so he figures out the smile on it.When a Man Hath No Freedom to Fight for at Home1What should a man fight for according to the poet?Key: According to the poet, a man should fight for glories and freedom. “Let him think of the glories of Greece and of Rome”, “Then battle for freedom wherever you can”.2What is the difference between this man in Byron’s poem and a hero in your mind?Key: In my mind, a hero should only think about others and forget about hisown life and glories. However, in this poem, the man is seeking for rewards and is thinking about being knighted if he can live through the war. “And is always as nobly requited”, “And, if not shot or hang’d, you’ll get knighted”.Percy Bysshe Shelly1In what way is the West Wind both a destroyer and a preserver?Key: The poet describes vividly the activities of the west wind on the earth, in the sky and on the sea, and then expresses his envy for the boundless freedom of the west wind, and his wish to be free like the wind and to scatter his words among humankind. The west wind is the destroyer as it is turbulent and strong and destroys the wide spread vegetation. It drives the last signs of life from the trees. It is the preserver as it brings life to the dead atmosphere, and it scatters the seeds which will come to life in the spring. The west wind enjoys boundless freedom and has the power to spread messages far and wide.2What is the relationship between the West Wind and the poet?Key: The poet admires and envies the West Wind very much. He admires the West Wind because it is very powerful, and he envies the West Wind because it is free from any restriction. The poet wants to be like the West Wind, which becomes the symbol of power and freedom. What’s more, the poet appeals to the West Wind to infuse him with a new spirit and a new power to spread his ideas.3As “the trumpet of prophecy,” what does the West Wind predict in physical reality? How do you understand it symbolically?Key: The West Wind predicts that the cold winter is coming.The West Wind symbolizes a kind of revolutionary power and spirit. It destroys the old and builds up the new. It predicts the winter is nearby, thus the spring is not far behind. In a deeper sense, it predicts that the bright future is not far away.John Keats1Describe, in your own words, the scenes on the Grecian urn. Who are they in the pictures? And what are they doing?Key: There are two scenes on the Grecian urn. The first scene describes the fair youth under the tree tying to kiss his lover, but he cannot. The second scene is that people are coming to the sacrifice on the morning of a special day.2Who is the speaker of the last two lines in the ode?Key: I think the speaker is the urn. However, it clearly conveys the poet’s ides of beauty and truth.3Comment on the epigram "beauty is truth, truth beauty".Key: I agree that truth is beauty, but I cannot agree that beauty is truth. Truth is always real, charming and beautiful, so, we can say that truth is beauty. However, beauty is not always true, especially with the development of technology, some artificial beauty emerges, such as artificial flowers, artificial plants, and even artificial noses and eyes… they are also beautiful, but they are not real.。
【答案】英国文学史及选读unite3课后习题答案.docx
Unit three 1. ______Geoffrey Chaucer______ , the ' father of English poetry' and one of the greatest narrative poets of England was born in London about 1340. 2. Chaucer Chaucer died died died on on on the the the 25th 25th 25th of of of october october october 1400, 1400, 1400, and and and was was was buried buried buried in in in _Westminster _Westminster Abbey_____ A. Italy B. France C. Flanders D. Westminster Abbey 3. Chaucer's earliest work of any length is his _A_____, a translation of the French " Roman de la Rose" by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe. A. Romance of the Rose B. A Red, Red Rose C. Piers the Plowman D.Troilus and Criseyde 4. The Canterbury Tales contains in fact a general Prologue and only _24____ tales, of which two are left unfinished. 5. The _Prologue_____ _ provides provides provides a a a framework framework framework for for for the the the tales tales tales in in in " " " The The The Canterbury Canterbury Tales" , and it comprises a group of vivid pictures of various medieval figures. 6. Geoffrey Chaucer's contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced introduced from from from France France France the the the rhymed rhymed rhymed stanzas stanzas stanzas of of of various various various types, types, types, especially especially especially the the rhymed rhymed couplet couplet couplet of of of iambic iambic iambic pentameter pentameter pentameter ( ( ( to to to be be be called called called later later later the:"_the:"_heroic _____ couplet") to English peotry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse A. exotic B. esoteric C. heroic 7. "The "The Canterbury Canterbury Canterbury Tales" Tales" Tales" opens opens opens with with with a a a genaral genaral genaral prologue prologue prologue where where where we we we are are are told told told of of of a a company of pilgrims that gathered at__Tarbard ____Inn in Southwark , a suburb of London. 8. 8. What What What is is is the the the function function function of of of the the the Prologue Prologue Prologue to to to the the the The The The Canterbury Canterbury Canterbury Tales? Tales? The General Prologue is the key to The Canterbury tales that narrates about the gathering of a group of people in an inn that intend t o go on a pilgrimage to Canterbury (England) next morning. In the Gen eral Prologue, the narrator of The Canterbury Tales, who is one of th e intended pilgrims, provides more or less accurate depictions of the members of the group and describes why and how The Canterbury Tales is told.If we trust the General Prologue, Chaucer determined that each pilgrim should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two tales on the way back. The host of the inn offers to be and is appointed as j udge of the tales as they are told and is supposed to determine the b est hence winning tale. As mentioned before, The Canterbury Tales was never finished.The General Prologue is usually regarded as the greatest portraitgallery in English literature. It is largely composed of a series of sketches differing widely in length and method, and blending the ind ividual and the typical in varying degrees.The purpose of the General Prologue is not only to present a vivid collection of character sketches, but also tries to reveal the auth or or‘‘s intention in bringing together a great variety of people and na rrative materials (Ranging in status from a Knight to a humble Plowma n, the pilgrims are a microcosm of 14th-century English society) to u nite the diversity of the tales by allotting them to a diversity of t ellers engaged in a common endeavor, to set the tone for the story-te lling -- one of jollity which accords with the tone of the whole work: that of grateful acceptance of life killing the time in a joyful way, secular purpose of the pilgrim; to make clear the plan for the tales, to motivate the telling of several of tales and to introduce the pil grims and the time and occasion of the pilgrimage.9. What is Chaucer's contribution to English language? Geoffrey Geoffrey Chaucer,the Chaucer,the Chaucer,the first first first great great great write write write in in in English, English, English, was was was born born born in in London London in in in about about 1340, he is called the father of English literature by many scholars. Chaucer ’s literary literary career career career may may may be be be devided devided devided roughly roughly roughly into into into three three three periods.The periods.The periods.The period period period of of of French French influence, the period of Italian influence, the period of maturity.And it was the third period period that that that Chaucer Chaucer Chaucer wrote wrote wrote his his his famous famous famous work--- work--- work--- The The The Canterbury Canterbury Canterbury Tales. Tales. Chaucer played an important role in the development of English literature. Chaucer is the father of English poetry, and he presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life in his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales, it is the first time in English literature. Chaucer is also considered as a great master of the English language. When Chaucer was born, French and Lantin were the most powerful ntin was was used used used in in in the the the Church Church Church and and and French French French was was was the the the language language language of of of the the the royal royal royal court, court, court, English, English, although although it it it was was was used used used every every every day day day by by by the the the majority majority majority of of of the the the people people people ,was ,was ,was a a a second-class second-class language.Chaucer language.Chaucer realised the importance of realised the importance of creating literature in the vernacular, in the languate of the people. He decided to make the everyday English of south-east England and London the language of literature ,Chaucer greatly increased the prestige of English as a literary language and extended the the range range of of its its its poetic poetic vocabulary and and meters. meters. Besides, Chaucer introduced introduced from from from France France France the the the rhymed rhymed rhymed stanzas stanzas stanzas of of of various various various types types types to to to English English English poetry poetry poetry to to replace replace the the the old old old English English English alliterative alliterative alliterative verse. verse. In In a a a word, word, word, what what what Chauceer Chauceer Chauceer had had had done done makes a big difference to English literature. 。
英国文学练习题及答案
1.The national epic of the Anglo-Saxons is ____.A Robin HoodB Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC The Canterbury TalesD Beowulf2. ____was the most outstanding single romance on the Arthurian legend written in alliterative verse.A The Canterbury TalesB Piers the PlowmanC Sir Gawain and the Green KnightD Beowulf3. ____was famous for The Canterbury Tales.A Geoffrey ChaucerB John MiltonC William ShakespeareD Francis Bacon4. Most of the ballads of the 15th century focused on the legend about ____ as a heroic figure.A Green NightsB GawainC Robin HoodD Hamlet5.In the 16th century, Thomas More’s work ____became immediately popular after its publication.A Paradise LostB A Pleasant Satire of the Three EstatesC Of StudiesD Utopia6. ____was Edmund Spencer’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the grea t poems in the English language.A AmorettiB The Shepherd’s CalendarC The Faerie QueeneD Four Hymns7. ____ is from Shakespeare’s sonnet No.18.A “Let me not to the marriage of true minds”B “To be or not to be: that is the question”C “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”D “No longer mourn for me when I am dead”8. _____, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London about 1340.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Sir GawainC. Francis BaconD. John Dryden9.The four great tragedies written by Shakespeare are Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello and ___ _.A. Antony and CleopatraB. Julius CaesarC Twelfth NightD King Lear10. Which of the following does not belong to Shakespeare’s romantic love comedies?A Twelfth NightB The TempestC As You Like ItD The Merchant of VeniceD C A C D C C A D B1. All of the following are the most eminent dramatistsin the Renaissance England except______.▪ a. William Shakespeare▪ b. Ben Jonson▪ c. Christopher Marlowe▪ d. Francis Bacon▪ 2. The English Renaissance period was an age of _________.▪ a. poetry and drama▪ b. drama and novel▪ c. novel and poetry▪ d. romance and poetry▪ 3. Paradise Lost is the masterpiece of _____▪ a. William Shakespeare▪ b. Robert Burns▪ c. John Milton d. William Blake▪ 4. Which of the following plays written by Shakespeare is history play ?▪ a. A Midsummer Night’s Dream▪ b. The Merry Wives of Windsor▪ c. H enry IV d. King Lear▪ 5. The first official version of Bible known as the Great Bible, was revised in ______a. 16th centuryb. 17th century▪ c. 18th century d. 19th century▪ 6. Francis Bacon’s Essays first published in 1597 has been considered as an important landmark in thedevelopment of English_______, and as the firstcollection of essays in the English language.▪ a. poetry b. epics c. fiction d. prose ▪7. Daniel Defoe was famous for his novel ____ which first established his reputation.▪ a.Gulliver’s Travels▪ b. The Adventure of Robinson Crusoe▪ c.The Pilgrim’s Progress▪ d. Oliver Twist▪8. The famous poem “ A Red Red Rose” was written by_________▪ a. William Wordsworth▪ b. George Byron▪ c. Robert Burns▪ d. William Blake▪9. Mary Shelley’s no vel Frankenstein belongs to the type of ____ which is often set in gloomy castles where horrifying, supernatural events take place.▪ a. Gothic b. Realism▪ c. Romanticism d. Classicism▪10. The first complete English Bible was translated by _______, “the morning star of the Reformation”and his followers.▪ A. William Langland B. James I▪ C. John Wycliffe▪ D. Bishop Lancelot Andrews▪ D A C C B D B C A C▪▪ 1. The literature of the Anglo-Saxon period falls naturally into two divisions, ______ and Christian.▪ a. Pagan b. Roman▪ c. French d. Danish▪ 2. “ Poetry is Spontaneous” was put forward by________▪ a. Robert Burns b. William Blake▪ c. William Wordsworth▪ d. Charles Lamb▪ 3. Which of the following writings can be regarded as typical belonging to the school of Romantic literature?▪ a. Don Juan b. Ulysses▪ c. Jane Eyre▪ d. Sons and Lovers▪ 4. ______is the first important English essayist and the founder of modern science in England.▪ a. Francis Bacon▪ b. Edmund Spenser▪ c. Thomas More d. Sidney▪ 5. What is flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature?▪ a. novel b.drama▪ c. essay d. poetry▪ 6. The publication of _______marked the beginning of the Romantic Age.▪ a. Don Juan▪ b. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner▪ c. The Lyrical Ballads▪ d. Ode to the West Wind▪7. Which of the following did not belong to Romanticism? ▪ a. John Keats▪ b. Percy Shelley▪ c. William Wordsworth▪ d. Alfred Tennyson▪8. Frankenstein was filmed many times. Who wrote the book?▪ a. Edgar Allan Poe▪ b. James Joyce▪ c. Mary Shelley▪ d. Walter Scott▪9. In the mid-18th century, a new literary movement called _______came to Europe and then to England.▪ a. Romanticism b. Classicism▪ c. Realism d. Restoration▪10. Which of the following poem was not written by John Keats?▪ a. Ode to the West Wind▪ b. Ode to Autumn▪ c. Ode on a Grecian Urn▪ d. Ode to a Nightingale▪A C A A B C D C A A▪▪ 1. William Shakespeare is one of the giants of________▪ a. Romanticism▪ b. Critical Realism▪ c. Aestheticism▪ d. the Renaissance▪ 2. ________is the first important religious poet in English literature.▪ a. John Donne b. George Herbert▪ c. Caedmon d. Milton▪3. _________was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.▪a. Thomas Wyatt b. William Shakespeare▪c. Philip Sidney d. Thomas Gray▪4. The English poets________, William Wordsworth, and Robert Southey, were known as “ Lake Poets” because they lived in the Lake District Northwestern England at the beginning of the 19th century.▪a. George Byron b. John Keats▪c. Percy Shelley d. Samuel Coleridge ▪ 5. The most gifted of the “University Wits” was ____.▪ A. John Lily B. Thomas KydC. Thomas GreeneD. Christopher Marlowe▪ 6. _____is one of the forerunners of modern socialist thought.▪ A. Phillip Sidney▪ B. Edmund Spenser▪ C. Thomas More▪ D. Christopher Marlowe▪7. Morality plays appeared after_____.▪A. miracle plays▪B. mystery plays▪C. interlude▪D. Classical plays▪8. Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of characteristics of Renaissance?▪ a. Exaltation of man’s pursuit of happiness in this life.b. Cultivation of the genuine flavor of ancient culture.c. Tolerance of human weaknesses.d. Praise of man’s efforts in having his soul delivered.▪9. The most intellectual movement of the Renaissance was ________.▪A. the Reformation▪B. Humanism▪C. the Italian revival▪D. Geographical exploration▪10. What is the relationship between Claudius and Hamlet?▪ A. Cousins B. Uncle and nephew▪ C. Father-in-law D. Father and son ▪▪ D C A D D C A D B B▪ 1. Which of the following is a typical feature of Swift’s writings?▪ A. Great wit. B. Bitter satire.▪ C. Rich mythic allusions.▪ D. Complicated sentence structures.▪ 2. ____ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.▪ A. John Donne B. George Herbert▪ C. Andre Marvell D. Henry Vaughan▪ 3. The ______ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.▪ A. Romanticism B. Humanism▪ C. Enlightenment D. Sentimentalism▪ 4. Who was the greatest dramatist in the 18th century?▪ A. Oliver Goldsmith▪ B. Richard Sheridan▪ C. Laurence Sterne▪ D. Henry Fielding▪ 5. In which of the following works can you find the proper names “Lilliput”, “Brobdingnag”, “Houyhnhnm” and “Yahoo”?▪ A.The Pilgrim’s Progress▪ B. The Faerie Queene▪ C. Gulliver’s Travels▪ D. The School for Scandal▪ 6. ____ poems can be divided into two categories: the youthful love lyrics and the later sacred verses.▪ A. John Milton B. John BunyanC. John DonneD. John Dryden▪7. In The Pilgrim’s Progress, John Bunyan describes The Vanity Fair in a _____ tone.▪ A. delightful B. solemn▪ C. sentimental D. satirical▪8. Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe created the image of an enterprising Englishman, typical of the English bourgeoisie in the _____ century.▪ A. 17th B. 19th C. 18th D. 20th▪9. _____ compiled the A Dictionary of the English Language which became the foundation of all the subsequent English dictionaries. ▪ A. Ben Johnson B. Samuel Johnson▪ C. Alexander Pope D. John Dryden▪10. ____ found its representative writers in the field of poetry, such as Edward Young and Thomas Gray, but it manifested itself chiefly in the novels of Lawrence Sterne and Oliver Goldsmith.▪ A. Pre-romanticism B. Romanticism▪ C. Sentimentalism D. Naturalism▪B A C B C C D C B C▪。
课后题-英国文学
课后题-英国文学远大前程1.Magwitch "the convict" takes the risk of being "hanged" when he comes back to London to see Pip. How do you evaluate this meeting?This meeting is of great importance for both Magwitch and Pip. Magwitch felt gratified when he saw Pip had grown up and lived a superior life with the money he had offered. For Pip, it was an unexpected meeting. he felt marvelous and the meeting ended his so-called great expectation. After he knew the truth he felt regretful.2.What is the meaning of "gentleman" in the context of this novel?A gentleman should be rich. He has a social status and has a lot of money leading a good life. He should be elegant and well-educated. He can get anything he likes with his money.3.What can you learn about the character of Pip through his conversations with the unexpected visitor?Before he recognizes who is the visitor, Pip treats him rather politely and hospitably, displaying Pip's gentle but snobbish side; when recognizes him to be the convict, Pip tries to repulse him with money, which, maybe out of his nature-kindness, but give me an expression of disgusting--the trick is often used by snobbish persons; after knowing the whole truth, Pip kindly arranges him to sleep, though himself feel hard to bring himself to accept the truth, from which we can see his kindness and cowardliness.Pride and prejudice1. Why do you think of Mrs.Bennet? How can youcharacterize her?1) She is mean, her only care is to marry her daughter to rich young men ; 2) She is simple and foolish, even cannot understand her husband’s ironical words. 3) She loves her daughter , though she doesn’t understand them ,but what she do is only for their happiness rather than herself.2.What makes Elizabeth feel so grateful to Darcy? How does Darcy respond to her?Darcy was the one who actually found Lydia and Wickham and forced them to marry. Also Darcy's treatment of Elizabeth during her visit to Pemberly was not what she expected and it improved her opinion of him a lot. All this including the fact that she was falling in love with him made her feel so grateful to him.Darcy feels sorry at the beginning. He is also surprised and excited. Originally, Darcy doesn’t want Elizabeth to know everything. He doesn’t help her sister for certain purpose. Generally, he is delighted that Elizabeth is not so indifferent to him as before. He has never wanted to get her gratitude, but this time he feels hopeful. He tells Elizabeth that all his done was for her only, because it’s only her in his heart. He shows his affections to her again which makes Elizabeth so embarrassed. Darcy also apologizes for his pride in the past time. Now, they have cleared up the misunderstandin g. It’s a turning point of their emotional journey.。
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2004年校级精品课程“英国文学”成果材料之三：英国文学课外习题主持人：蔡玉辉Part I: Filling Blanks:1.___________has been regarded by some as “Father of the English Novel” for his contributionto the establishment of the form of the modern novel.2.W. Wordsworth, ___________and R. Southey are known as “Lake Poets.”3.Stories of _________provide the major themes in all Jane Austen’s novels.4._________ is the author of the novel Jude the Obscure.5.Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard established ____________’s fame as the leader of thesentim ental poetry of the day, especially “the Graveyard School”.6.As a leading Romanticist, G. Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the _________ aproud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.7.Oscar Wilde is famous for his theory of “________________”.8.The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is in the genre of ____________.9.The novel Lady Chatterley’s Lover is written by ____________.10.Ulysses gives an account of man’s life during one day in ___________.11.Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are Hamlet, Othello, _________ and King Lear.12.In 1948, T. S. Eliot was awarded the __________ for literature.13.The trilogy The Forsyte Saga consists of The Man of Property, In Chancery and“___________”.14.“____________”is R. Browning’s masterpiece which tells a horrible story of a man’s murderof his beautiful young wife.15.Paradise Lost is a long epic divided into 12 books. The original story is taken from genesis:1-24 of the Bible, the theme is “____________”.16.____________, the full title being The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, is considered asHenry Fielding’s masterpiece.17.In novels like The Rainbow and Women in Love, D. H. Lawrence made a bold psychologicalexploration of various human relationships, especially these between ___________, with a great frankness.18.Jonathan Swift is one of the greatest masters of English prose. He is almost unsurpassed in thewriting of simple, direct precise. He defined a good style as “________________”.19.Richard Brinsley Sheridan’s plays, especially The Rivals and “_____________” are generallyregarded as important links between the masterpieces of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw, and as true classics in English comedy.20.As a woman of exceptional intelligence and life experience, Gorge Eliot shows a particularconcern for ___________, especially those with great intelligence, potential and social aspirations.21.Idylls of the King is made of 12 books of narrative poems, based on the Celtic legends of_____________ and his knights of the Round Table.22.Most of G. B. Shaw’s pla ys are concerned with political, economic, moral, or religiousproblems, and thus, can be termed as ______________.23.James Joyce is regarded as the most prominent ____________novelist, concentrating onrevealing in his novels the psychic being of the characters.24.Realism was a reaction against ___________ or a move away from the bias towards romanceand self-creating fictions, and paved the way to Modernism.25.D. H. Lawrence’s autobiographical novel is entitled _____________.26.The name of R. Browning is often associated with the poetic technique “______________”.27._____________ is often taken as Willliam Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece.28.In “_____________”, Joyce presents a fantastic picture of the disjointed, illogical, illusoryand mental-emotional life of Leopold Bloom, who becomes the symbol of everyman in the post-World-War-I Europe.29.“______________” is the most popular of F. Bacon’s 58 essays. It analyses what studieschiefly serve for, the different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies, and have studies exert influence over human character.30.T he publication of “______________” by W. Wordsworth and S. T. Coleridge in 1798 is oftentaken as the formal beginning of Romanticism.31.John Bunyan was imprisoned again in 1675. It was during this second term in prison that hewrote ____________, which was published in 1678 after his release.32.Sheridan was the only important English dramatist of the eighteenth century. His plays,especially The Rivals and “________________”, are generally regarded as important links between the masterpieces of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw, and as true classics in English comedy.33.W. Wordsworth is regarded as a “______________”. He can penetrate to the heart of thingsand give the reader the very life of nature.34.The demonic group of S. T. Coleridge includes his three masterpieces: The Rime of theAncient Mariner, Christabel and “______________”.35.P. C. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four-act poetic drama, “_______________”(1820).According to the Greek mythology, Prometheus, the champion of humanity, who has stolen the fire from the heaven, is published by Zeus to be chained on Mount Caucasus and suffers the vulture’s feeding on his liver.36.Chronologically the Victorian period roughly coincides with the reign of Queen V ictoria whoruled over England from __________ to 1901. The period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the English history.37.As a woman of exceptional intelligence and life experience, George Eliot shows a particularconcern for __________, especially those with great intelligence, potential and social aspirations.38.Thomas Hardy’s novels are all Victorian in date. Most of them are set in Wessex. Theseworks , known as “_______________”, are the most representative of h im as both a naturalistic and a critical realist writer.39.Darwin’s theory of evolution exerted a strong influence upon the people, causing many to losetheir religious faith. The social Darwinism, under the cover of “_____________”, is vehemently advocated by colonialism or jingoism.40.T. S. Eliot’s most famous poem, “____________”, appeared in the first number of theCriterion, for which he won various awards, including the Nobel Prize and the Order of Merit in 1948.41.Women in Love is rich in its symbolic meanings. Gerald Crich is a symbolic figure of spiritual___________ , representing the whole set of bourgeois ethics.42.In 1916, James Joyce published his first novel “______________”. The title of the novelsuggests a character study with strong autobiographical elements.43. The V ictorian Age, one of the golden times for Great Britain, saw a rapid development of__________ as well as deterioration of ____________.43.Modernism, as a literary trend, is generally thought to appear in English literature after___________.44.William Y eats, a great Irish dramatist, is also regarded as one of the greatest ___________ inthe English language.45.In English literature there was a prominent couple who shared common interest and madegreat achievements in poetry, and they were _________.46.In Tess of the D’Urbervilles,the heroin Tess is described as a simple, ______ and faithfulcountry girl.47.In The Daffodils by William Wordsworth, the central image is _________, which was inspiredfrom a real trip by the poet himself.48.In Wuthering Heights, the author describes a death-and-life love between ___________ and____________..49.In Oliver Twist there is an evil character who is the head of the thieves and always maltreatsOliver, and his name is _________.50.In The Merchant of Venice, the merchant refers to ___________.51.Hamlet, the character in Shakespeare’s play with the same title, is hesitating to make adecision by asking himself that “ _______________” .52.Percy Bisshe Shelley concludes his poem Ode to the West Wind with the line“ __________________”.53.T. S. Eliot accomplished a very celebrated poem which reveals the spiritual and ideologicalstate of the western world after the first world war, and its title is _____________.54.In John Galsworthy’s novel The Man of Property, the hero is __________.55.It is generally thought that the death of __________, the best friend and future relative ofAlfred Tennyson, had a great impact on his life and writing.56.William Wordsworth puts forward his famous definition on good poetry in his article________________.57.In Pride and Prejudice the misunderstanding happens between _________ and _________.58.Hamlet, the character in Shakespeare’s play with the same title, is hesitating to make adecision by asking himself that “ _______________” .59._________ is usually regarded as the first English national epic.60.James Joyce, as a modern English writer, is prominent for his application of a new writingtechnique which well reveals the truth of psychological situation of a character. The new technique is _____________.Part II : Short answer questions:1. Do you like Jane in the novel Jane Eyre? Why or why not?2. What part do Alec and Clare play respectively in Tess’s tragedy?3. What is the historical significance of the novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe?4. What is the theme of the novel The Man of Property?5.What is the symbolic meaning contained in the poem Break, Break, Break by AlfredTennyson?6.What is the implied meanings of the title of the play The School for Scandal by R. B.Sheridan.7.Do you have sympathy for Shylock (in The Merchant of Venice)? Why or why not?8.Why does Jane Eyre return to Thornfield Hall in the end?9.Why does the boy in Araby by James Joyce want to go to the market so seriously?10.What does the west wind symbolize for in the poem Ode to the West Wind?11. What is your understanding of John Bunyan’s work The Pilgrim’s Progress in the perspectiveof Puritanism?12. What is your understanding of the image of the tiger in the poem The Tiger?Part III : Short essay topics1.Summarize the story of Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist in about 150 words, and analyze thetheme of the novel.2. Summarize the story of Tess of the D’Urbervilles and comment on the social significance of the novel.3. Comment on Paul’s ( in Sons and Lovers ) internal conflicts.4. Comment briefly on the character Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights.5. Comment brief on Geoffrey Chaucer’s attitude toward his time, taking the general prologue of The Canterbury Tales as an example.6. Comment on Hamlet’s delay in action, taking the historical background of the time as your supporting details.7. Comment on Satan in Paradise Lost in the perspective of British Revolution.8. Comment on the adventures taken by Robinson Crusoe, considering the making of capitalist spirit.。