高一英语必修一定语从句

Which 在从句中作主语或宾语， 指物。
I showed him the letter.
I received it this morning. I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning.
I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news.
(主语)
4) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’s
sister.
(宾语)
Note Ⅰ that和which在指物的情况下一般 都可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用 that而不用which。
(1)先行词为everything, nothing, (2) something, anything, 等 (3) 不定代词时。
Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.
1. The earthquake _t_h_a_t/_w_h_i_c_h__ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.
the red
the green apple
the small the big The apple which is red is mine.
The apple which is green is yours.
The apple which is red is small.
The apple which is green is big.
6. Harry is the boy _w_h_o_s_e_ mother is our maths teacher.
7. Look at that lady _w_h_o_s_e_ name is Rose. 8. He is a teacher _w_h_o_m__/w__h_o_/_th_a_t_
一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句）
另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam. 主句主语 从句主语 从句谓语结构 主句谓语结构
Attributive clause(定语从句）:
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系 代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。定语从句还叫做嵌入 句，因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。
指人 who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，
定
关系
that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
语
代词
Shenzhen is no longer the town that it used to be.
真题解析
1. The famous basketball star, __D__ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of
attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who Key 解析: 本题考察定语从句关联词的选择, 从句意可知先行词the famous basketball star (著名的篮球明星) 是人，所以应用 表示人的关联词who。
whose 在从句中作定语，指人或物。
1)Miss Wang is the teacher . Her house caught fire last week.
Miss Wang is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.
2) This is the boy. The teacher talked of his composition.
关系副词：when, where
定语从句的位置 定语从句放在被修饰成分之后。
e.g. This is the car which he bought last year. 先行词 定语从句
Do you know the man? He spoke just now.
Do you know the man who spoke just now?
2)The noodles were delicious. I cooked the noodles.
The noodles that I cooked were delicious.
(宾语) 3) Let’s ask the man that is reading the
book over there.
Whom 指人, 在从句中作宾语，可省略。 e.g. Do you know the man (whom) we saw at the Jiangbin Park?
The girl is from America. I called her just now.
The girl (whom) I called just now is from America.
2. (2006 北京) Women _C__drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater
chance of having heart disease than
those ___ don’t.
A. who;/ B. /; who C. who; who D. /;/ 解析: 本题考查两个定语从句, 这两个 定语从句都缺少主语, 在定语从句中, 如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语, 关系代词不能省略, 故答案选 C。
Unit4 Grammar
Complex sentence 复合句：
连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是 句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状 语、同位语）。
复合句 = 主句 + 从句（定从/主从/宾从/表从/同位从/状从）
从
指物 that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)
句
whose(定语)
的
引
where (地点状语)
导 词
关系 副词
when (时间状语)
why (原因状语)
定语从句
修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做 定语从句。 引导定语从句的关联词有：
关系代词：who, whom whose, which, that
This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of.
that 在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。
1)A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. (主语)
4. A house _th__a_t/_w_h_i_c_h_ is built on sand may fall down in an earthquake.
5. Luckily none of the people _t_h_a_t/_w_h_o_/_w_h__o_m_ I know were killed in the earthquake.
引导定语从句的关系代词
that 既指人又指物, 作主语或宾语。 which 指物, 作主语或宾语。 who, whom 指人, who 作主语, whom作宾语。 that, which, whom在定语从句中 作宾语时, 可省去。
who, whom 指人，在从句中分别作主语和 宾语 (口语中who也可作宾语)。
2. We don’tห้องสมุดไป่ตู้know the number of people _t_h_a_t_/w__h_o__ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.
3. The house _th_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.
He is a little boy. He is eating .
He is a little boy who is eating.
Declan is a famous singer. He sings the song tell me why. Declan is a famous singer who sings the song tell me why.
The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person.
Note Ⅲ
先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时，定语从 句用that而不用who (whom)和which引导。
Who is the person that is standing at the gate? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? What that is on the table belongs to me?
I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.
1) They planted the trees which didn’t 2)need much water. (主语)
2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. (宾语)
(4) 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。