2010-2018专四语法真题
历年专四语法真题总结附答案
专四语法真题集I.独立主格结构1. Agriculture is the country ‟s chief source of wealth, wheat ______ by far the biggest cereal crop. a. is b. been c. be d. being TEM-4 2003 2. Time ______, the celebration will be held as scheduled. a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits TEM-4 2003 3. There ____ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier. a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 2000 4. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. a. There was b. Since c. Being d. There being 1996 5. The country ‟s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars ______the most important of these. a. have been b. are c. being d. are being 1994 Answers: d b c d c II. 定语从句1. Above the trees are the hills, _______ magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. a. where b. of whose c. whose d. which 2003 2. 2. They They They overcame overcame overcame all all all the the the difficulties difficulties difficulties and and and completed completed completed the the the project project project two two two months months months ahead ahead ahead of of of time, time, _____is something we had not expected. a. which b. it c. that d. what 2003 3. He is quite quite worn out worn out from from years of hard work. He is years of hard work. He is not not the man _______ he was twenty the man _______ he was twenty years ago. a. which b. that c. who d. whom 2003 4. 4. W e W e‟‟ve ve just just just installed installed two two air-conditioners air-conditioners in in our our our apartment, apartment, ______should make great differences in our life next summer. a. which b. what c. that d. they 2002 5. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him? a. by which b. that c. in where d. where 2002 6. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff _______is needed for quality control can be substantially reduced. a. whose b. as c. what d. that 2000 7. I‟I‟ve never been to Lhasa, but that ve never been to Lhasa, but that‟s the city _______. a. I‟I‟d most like to visit d most like to visit b. which I like to visit mostly c. where I like to visit d. I ‟d like much to visit 1999 8. She remembered several occasions in the past ____she had experienced a similar feeling. a. which b. before c. that d. when 1998 9. The physicist has made a discovery, _____of great importance to the progress of science and technology. a. I think which is b. that I think is c. which I think is d. I think that is 1997 10. I have never been to London, but that is the city_______. a. where I like to visit most b. I‟I‟d most like to visit d most like to visit c. which I like to visit mostly d. where I ‟d like most to visit 1997 11. 11. This This This company company company has has has now now now introduced introduced introduced a a a policy policy policy _____pay _____pay _____pay rises rises rises are are are related related related to to to performance performance performance at at work. a. which b. where c. whether d. what 1996 12. Only take these clothes ______really necessary. a. as were b. as they are c. as they were d. as are 1994 13. _____ is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produced no concrete proposals. a. That b. It c. This d. As 1994 Answers: 1-5: c a b a d 6-10: d a c c b 11-13: b b d III. 状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句1. _______I like economics I like sociology much better. a. As much as b. So much c. How much d. Much as 2003 2. Fool _______Jane is, she could not have done such a thing. a. who b. as c. that d. like 2002 3. ______I sympathize, I can ‟t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties. a. as long as b. as c. while d. even 2001 4. _____he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank. a. Much as b. Much though c. As much d. Though much 1998 5. _____, he is ready to accept suggestions form different sources. a. Instead of his notable contributions b. For all his notable contributions c. His making notable contributions d. However his notable contributions 1997 Answers: 1-5: d b c a b 结果状语从句结果状语从句1. -----Does Alan like limburgers? -----Yes. So much ______ that he eats them a. for b. as c. to d. so 2003 2. The brilliance of his satires was _____make even his victims laugh. a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that 1996 Answers: d b 方式状语从句方式状语从句1. She did her work _____her manager had instructed. a. as b. until c. when d. though 2002 Answers: a 原因状语从句原因状语从句1. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _____for this industrial fair, since he is on leave. a. has worked b. works c. has been working d. is working 1998 Answers: d (此题选项主要是时态方面的，但能否做出正确选择取决于对since 从句的判断) 条件状语从句条件状语从句1. You won ‟t get a loan ______ you can offer some security. a. lest b. in case c. unless d. other than 1996 2. _____ time, he ‟ll make a first-class tennis player. a. Having b. Given c. Giving d. Had 1996 3. ___ _ I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise. a. Unless b. As c. Though d. Since 1995 Answers: 1-5: 1-5: c b a (c b a (本人认为c 也可以，只是语义较勉强而已，if if you are mistaken, you are mistaken, you are wrong about something that you thought you knew or saw, ) 比较状语从句比较状语从句1. The experiment requires more money than _______. a. have been put in b. being put in c. has been put in d. to be put in 2002 2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ____ in the public mind today. a. exists b. exist c. existing d. to exist 1999 3. he indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than ______. a. is necessary b. being necessary c. to be necessary d. it is necessary 1998 Answers: 1-3：c a c (提示：than = than what; 记住：than 后跟的是比较状语从句) IV ．名词性从句同位语从句同位语从句1. There is no doubt ______the company has made the right decision on the sales project. a. why b. that c. whether d. when 2001 Answer: b 表语从句表语从句1. Intellect is to the mind _______sight is to the body. a. what b. as c. that d. like 2001 2. He is _____as a “bellyacher bellyacher”—”—”— he he‟s always complaining about something. a. who is known b. whom is known c. what is known d. which is known 1999 Answer: a c 宾语从句宾语从句1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon? a. you said b. did you say c. did you say that d. you did say 2003 2. After ____ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager ‟s office. a. that b. there c. what d. it 1999 3. The team can handle whatever______. a. that needs handling b. which needs handling c. it needs handling d. needs to be handled 1997 4. We can assign the task to ______ is capable and trustworthy. a. whomever b. who c. whom d. whoever 1994 Answers: 1-5: b c d d IV. 比较级和最高级1. Fat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat. a. any more than b. no more than c. no less than d. much more than 1999 2. It is not so much the language ______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand. a. but b. nor c. as d. like 1999 3. John is______ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. a. no less b. no more c. not less d. no so 1998 4. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner_____ to the professor. a. as far as b. the same as c. as much as d. as long as 1998 5. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _____Eastern Nebraska. a. in b. it receives in c. does d. it does in 1996 6. ______ the two, Bob is ______student. a. Of, more diligent b. In, more diligent c. Of, the more diligent d. In, much more diligent 1995 7. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ______conspicuous. a. all the more b. all the much c. all more d. all much 1994 Answers: 1-5: a c a c c(倒装) 6-7: c a V. 虚拟语气1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____for that. a. for us to be prepared b. that we are prepared c. of us to be prepared d. our being prepared 2003 2. _____for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. a. Had it not been b. Hadn ‟t it been c. Was it not d. Were it not 2002 3. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I “I don don ‟t know. But it ‟s about time ______on something.” a. I‟I‟d decide d decide b. I decided c. I decide d. I‟I‟m deciding m deciding 2002 4. 4. All All All of of of us us us would would would have have have enjoyed enjoyed enjoyed the the the party party party much much much more more more if if if there there there ______quite ______quite ______quite such such such a a a crowd crowd crowd of of people there. a. weren ‟t b. hasn ‟t been c. hadn ‟t been d. wouldn ‟t be 2000 5. If you have really been studying English for so long, it ‟s about time you _____able to write letters in English. a. should be b. were c. must be d. are 1999 6. If your car _____any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. a. shall need b. should need c. would need d. will need 1998 7. He left orders that nothing ______touched until the police arrived here. a. should be b. ought to be c. must be d. would be 1998 8. I was to have made a speech if______. a. I was not called away b. nobody would have called me away c. I had not been called away d. nobody called me away 1997 ‟t been quite such a crowd of people there. 9. I _____ the party much more if there hadna. would enjoy b. will have enjoyed c. would have enjoyed d. will be enjoying 1996 10. We could _____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat. a. provide b. have provided c. not provide d. not have provided 1995 11. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly. a. Hadn‟t he been taken good care of b. Had he not been taken good care of c. Had not he been taken good care of d. Had he been not taken good care of 1995 12. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work. a. Unless b. But for c. Except for d. Not for 1994 13. It was recommended that passengers _____smoke during the flight. a. not b. need not c. could not d. would not 1994 14. ______you were busy, I wouldn‟t have bothered you with my questions. a. If I realized b. Had I realized c. I realized that d. As I realized 1994 Answers: 1-5: a a b c b 6-10: b a c c b 11-15: b b a b VI. 反意疑问句1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______? a. hadn‟t she b. hasn‟t she c. wouldn‟t she d. didn‟t she 2003 2. Do help yourself to some fruit, ______you? a. can‟t b. don‟t c. wouldn‟t d. won‟t 2000 3. When you have finished with that video tape, don‟t forget to put it in my drawer, ____? a. do you b. will you c. don‟t you d. won‟t you 1998 4. You and I could hardly understand, ______? a. could I b. couldn‟t you c. couldn‟t we d. could we 1995 Answers: 1-5: c d b d VII. 一致主谓一致主谓一致1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because ____ going to agree upon anything today. a. neither you nor I are b. neither you nor me is c. neither you nor I am d. neither me nor you are 2003 Answer: c VIII. 时态现在完成进行现在完成进行1. Jack ______from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. a. has been missing b. has been missed c. had been missing d. was missed 2003 2. For some time now, world leaders _____out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. a. had been pointing b. have been pointing c. were pointing d. pointed 2002 Answer: a b 现在进行现在进行1. How can I ever concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions? a. have …interrupted b. had …interrupted c. are …interrupting d. were …interrupting 1997 Answers: c IX. 插入语1. Who _______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon? a. you said b. did you say c. did you say that d. you did say 2003 Answer: Answer: b b b ((这道题的a 选项会让考生想到插入语；其实不是，这是对宾语从句中的主语提问；做题技巧是把问句还原成陈述句后再来处理) X. 副词1. She managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother. a. how little money b. so little money c. such little money d. what little money 2002 2. His strong sense of humor was _______make everyone in the room burst out laughing. a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that 1998 3. I felt that I was not yet _______to travel abroad. a. too strong b. strong enough c. so strong d enough strong 1997 Answers ：1： d (虽然答案与副词无关，但排除前三个选项需要相关的副词虽然答案与副词无关，但排除前三个选项需要相关的副词how 和so 的用法知识) 2: b (类似前一题类似前一题) 3：b Ⅺ. 不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词1. AIDS is said ______the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in the region. a. being b. to be c. to have been d. having been 2002 2. _______is not a serious disadvantage in life. a. To be not tall b. Not to be tall c. Being not tall d. Not being tall 2001 3. _______him tomorrow? a. Why not to call on b. Why don ‟t call on c. Why not calling on d. Why not call on 2001 4. _______at in this way, the present economic situation doesn ‟t seem so gloomy. a. Looking b. Looked c. Having looked d. To look 2000 5. This is an illness that can result in total blindness _______left untreated. a. after b. if c. since d. unless 2000 6. Professor Johnson is said _______some significant advance in his research in the past year. a. having made b. making c. to have made d. to make 1999 7. 7. The The The three three three men men men tried tried tried many many many times times times to to to sneak sneak sneak across across across the the the border border border into into into the the the neighboring neighboring neighboring country, country, ______by the police each time. a. had been captured b. being always captured c. only to be captured d. unfortunately captured 1999 8. The Clarks haven ‟t decided yet which hotel_______. a. to stay b. is to stay c. to stay at d. is for staying 1998 9. ______, he can now only watch it on TV at home. a. Obtaining not a ticket for the match b. Not obtaining a ticket for the match c. Not having obtained a ticket for the match d. Not obtained a ticket for the match 1998 10. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. a. Giving b. To give c. Given d. Being given 1998 11. He wasn ‟t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ______insufficiently poplar with all members. a. having considered b. was considered c. was being considered d. being considered 1996 12. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as other animals ____ in Africa. a. hunted b. hunting c. that hunted d. are hunted 1996 13. 13. In In In international international international matches, matches, matches, prestige prestige prestige is is is so so so important important important that that that the the the only only only thing thing thing that that that matters matters matters is is is to to avoid______. a. from being beaten b. being beaten c. beating d. to be beaten 1996 14. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope ladder______ out and three men climbing down it. a. throwing b. being thrown c. having thrown d. having been thrown 1995 15. He resented ______to wait. He expected the minister ______ him at once. a. to be asked, to see b. being asked, to see c. to be asked, seeing d. being asked, seeing 1995 16. This missile is designed so that once _____nothing can be done to retrieve it. a. fired b. being fired c. they fired d. having fired 1995 17. Arriving at the bus stop, _____waiting there. a. a lot of people were b. he found a lot of people c. a lot of people d. people were found 1994 18. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. a. Not received b. Since receiving c. Having received d. Not having received 1994 Answers ：1-5: c d d b b 6-10: c c c c c 11-15: d a b d b 16-18: a b d XII 代词1. Your ideas, _______, seem unusual to me. a. like her b. like hers c. similar to her d. similar to herself 2003 2. ______of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night. a. None b. Both c. Neither d. All 2002 3. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received. a. as such b. such as c. as that d. so that 1997 Answers: b c a XIII. 平行结构1. Even as a girl, _____to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers. a. performing by Melissa were b. it was known that Melissa‟s performances were c. knowing that Melissa ‟s performances were d. Melissa knew that performing was 2001 Answer: d ⅩⅣ. 情态动词1. You _____Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. a. needn…t have told b. needn‟t tell c. mustn‟t have told d. mustn‟t tell 2000 2. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. a. may have acted b. must have acted c. should act d. would act 1999 ‟t have that much spare lend him the money because I simply didncouldn‟t lend him the money because I simply didn3. Much as______, I couldn‟tcash. a. I would have liked to b. I would like to have c. I should have to like d. I should have liked to 1999 4. You ______Mark anything. It was none of his business. a. needn‟t have told b. needn‟t tell c. mustn‟t have told d. mustn‟t tell 1998 5. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally. a. need not have dressed up b. must not have dressed up c. did not need to dress up d. must not dress up 1996 6. The meeting‟s been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work. a. need to do b. need have c. needn‟t have done d. needed not to do 1995 I saw her in the classroom a 7. “She must be in the dormitory now.”“No, she ____ be there. minute ago.”a. mustn‟t b. can‟t c. couldn‟t d. wouldn‟t 1994 ‟t leave home till 8:25. 8. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didna. couldn‟t have caught b. ought to have caught c. shouldn‟t have caught d. must not have caught 1994 Answer: 1-5: a a a a a 6-10: c b a (must 表推测只用于肯定句中，否定用can/could not) ⅩⅤ. It 的用法1. Come and see me whenever ______. a. you are convenient b. you will be convenient c. it is convenient to you d. it will be convenient to you 1997 Answer: c (也可认为是对convenient 一词用法的考查) ⅩⅥ. 冠词1. The idea of traveling through _____ space to other planets interests many people today. a. a b. the c. / d. one 1995 2. ___human problems that repeat themselves in __ life repeat themselves in ___ literature. a. /, /, the b. /, the, / c. The ,/ ,/ d. The, the, the 1994 Answers: c c ⅩⅦ. 省略/替代动词1. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people _____. a. do b. hear c. do them d. hearing it 2000 2. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ______. 2000 a. drought in others b. droughts are others c. while other droughts d. others in drought Answer: a a ⅩⅧ. 强调句型1. It was not until midnight _______the snowcapped peak. a. that they sighted b. that they did not sight c. did they sight d. had they sighted 1995 Answer: a (这道题其实也是对倒装的考查) ⅩⅨ. 倒装1. He is not under arrest, ______any restriction on him. a. or the police have placed b. or have the police placed c. nor the police have placed d. nor have the police placed 1995 2. So badly ______ in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months. a. did he injure b. injured him c was he injured d. he was injured 1994 Answers: d c 2009-2011真题、情态动词：53. She （ ） fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. (2009) A. had been B. must be C. has been D. must have been 61. Aren’t you tired? I （ ）you had done enough for today.（2009）A. should have done B. must have done C .might have done D .could have done 52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She （ ） by bus. (2010) A. must have gone B. should have gone C. ought to have gone D. could have gone 答案：DAA 二、非谓语动词51. What a nice day! How about the three of us （）（） a walk in the park nearby? （2009） A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 65. 65. "The "The "The man man man preparing preparing preparing the the the documents documents documents is is is the the the firm's firm's firm's lawyer" lawyer" lawyer" has has has all all all the the the following following following possible possible meanings EXCEPT （）（） （2009）A. the man who has prepared the documents... B. the man who has been preparing the documents... C. the man who is preparing the documents... D. the man who will prepare the documents... 66.（）（） should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.(2010) A. To be not tall B. Not being tall C. Being not tall D. Not to be tall 55．In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the-ING participle is used （）（2011）A. as a command B. as a condition C. for concession D. for emphasis 答案：CDDD 三、倍数三、倍数55. A new laptop costs about （）of a second-hand one. (2009) A. the price of three times B. three times the price C. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price 56. Which of the following italicized phrased is INCORRECT? （）（） (2011) A. The city is now ten times its original size. B. I wish I had two times his strength. C. The seller asked for double the usual price. D. They come here four times every year. 答案：BB 四、虚拟语气四、虚拟语气52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English （）much easier to learn.（2009）A. could have been B. would 'be C. will be D. would have been 60. It is necessary that he （）（） the assignment without delay.（2010） A. hand in B. hands in C. must hand in D. has to hand in 61. Its getting late. I’d rather you （）now. (2011) A. left B. leave C. are leaving D. will leave 答案：DAA 五、反义疑问句．五、反义疑问句．57. She seldom goes to the theatre, （）? (2010) A. doesn't she B. does she C. would she D. wouldn't she Key: 本句中含有否定含义的副词seldom ，故反意时用肯定形式does does she she 。
2018英语专四真题与参考答案解析
2018 英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are fouroptions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence oranswers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt ’s first attempt to builda smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to havebeen B. was believed to beC. is believed to havebeen D. is believed tobe12.U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popularresource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. ismaintaining C.maintainedD. has been maintaining13.H e was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A.actuallyB.accidentallyC.otherwiseD.seldom14.She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a viewof_____________ mountains behind the appleorchard. A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blueVirginia C.Virginia hazyblue D. Virginiablue hazy15.I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.B.evilC.evilsD.an evil16.Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, askilling and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are ofwar17.At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its mostbasic B. itsbasicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn ”is used __________. A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. W hich of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry themetaphorical meaning? A. I wonder what ’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I ’m getting terribly behind .D. I suppose I ’m lucky because my parents werebehind meall the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______. A. a hypothesis B. a suggestion C. a contradiction D. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A.justiceB.testimonyC.trialD.verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, hehas beenstrongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A.QuestionablyB.ArguablyC.ContentiouslyD.Debatably23.P rices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost ofraw materials. A. cutB. buoyC.offer D.offset24.T he celebrity says in court papers she“has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce. ”A.recommendationB.recordingC.recollectionD.recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfieoverall—is rooted in whatwe consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26.The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sportingstars thanks to its unique development program.A.final B.furtherC.supplementaryD. extra27.The teachers ’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling forrepairing“deplorable ”school conditions.A.firedB.filedC.finedD.filledst March the __________ of a 19 th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB.ruinsC.remainsD.wreck29.S he ’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres. A. countlessB.countableC.numericalD. numeral30.A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has releasedits analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A.oceangoing B.oceanic C.marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyF. kindG. mannerK. renowned L. subscribeC. coupleH.mercifullyM. unknownD.goesI. oneN.virtueE. indebtednessJ. obeyO. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sentChristmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected somereaction, the response he received was amazing —holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. Thegreat majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of theunknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study shows the action of one of the mostpowerful of the weapons of influence around us —the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay, in kind, what another person has providedus. If a woman does us a favor, we should do her one in return; if a man sends usa birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if acouple invites us to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. Byvirtueof the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment offavors, gifts,invitations,and the like. Sotypicalisit for indebtedness toaccompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged ”has becomea synonym for “thank you, ”not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It is so widespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribe to the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your a nswers onANSWERSHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent toestablish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in Europeansocieties. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kingsand governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historicdecisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect onthe shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and thechurches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom wheretheemphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of allthe American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of allindividuals tocontrol their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a rulingnoble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2)There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet,achieving both financialand emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3)A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race andsucceed inthe game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class systemdeveloped in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrantshavetraditionallycome to the United State s is tohave a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United Statesappeared tobe a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches ”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve materialsuccess. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and italso became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughou t their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people ’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidat e for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue toexplore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42.Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining Americanvalues?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC.DefinitionD.Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel, the man who invented deadlyexplosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gaveprizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and — perhaps mostimportantly — peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though mostcountries have asystem of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good intheir countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds ofthings.(3)The Oscars are probably t he most famous, a time for the (mostly) Americanfilmindustry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give eachother awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes,evidently for the same thing.(4) But it ’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and theMTV for music. InBritain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see theirdifficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Codefor popularity. TheTurner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists— each year it causes controversy byapparently givin g lots of money to artists who do thingslike displayin g thei r beds, puttinganimals in glass cases or — this year — building a garden shed.(5) Awards don ’t onlyexist fo r arts. Thereare now awards for Sports Personality of the Year,forEuropeanFootballe r of the Yearand World Footballe r of th eYear. Thisseems very strange —sometimes awards can be good to giverecognitionto people whodeserve it , or to help people whodon ’t make a lot of money carr y on their work withoutworrying about finances, but professiona l soccer players these dayscertainly aren’tshort of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own awardceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated fromhighschool or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for “Innovation in English Language Teaching ”.(7)Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently?Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith orCharles Dickens.(8) It would be possibleto say,however, that in the past,scientists and artistscouldwin “patronage ”form rich people — a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists moneyto have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With thechange in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. A lot of scientific researchis now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins anOscar, manymore people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, manymore people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen byhundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group s ells lots morerecords.(11)Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. Thismeans that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors.The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a “Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, butlet me ask you a question — how far do you think that publicity and marketing arewinninghere, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author ’s tone when he mentions awards such as theOscars, the GoldenGlobes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A.Amused.B.Appreciative.C.Sarcastic.D.Serious.44.A ccording to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45.W hich of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A.Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B.Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C.Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D.Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46.A ccording to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists inthe past and those at present lies in_____________.A.nature of workB.personal contactC.source of fundingD.social status47.I t can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A.promote market rather than achievementsB.do good to both market and popularityC.help those who are really talentedD.are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs.Mallardsufferedfrom ahearttrouble,great care wastakentobreak to her as gently as possible the news of herhusband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Herhusband Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaperoffice when news of the’s friendrailroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard ’s nameleading the list of“killed ”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3)She wept at once, in her sister ’s arms. When the storm of sadnesshad spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one followher.(4)There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this shesank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reachinto hersoul.(5)She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6)T here were patches of blue sky showing here and there through theclouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7)She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair,quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her,as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8)She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare inher eyes, whose gaze was fixed away offyonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9)There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it,fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name.But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through thesounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10)Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize thisthing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back withher will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11)When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips.She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the lookofterror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12)She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tenderhands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her,fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a longprocession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And sheopened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13)There would be no one to live for her during those coming years;she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her inthat blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right toimpose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14)And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What didit matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of thispossession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free! ”she kept whispering.(16)Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill.What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir( 长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18)Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Springdays, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. Shebreathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she hadthought with a shudder that life might be long.(19)She arose at length and opened the door to her sister'simportunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carriedherself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist,and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them atthe bottom.(20)Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It wasBrently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying hisgripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and didnot even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry;at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21)But Richards was too late.(22)When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband ’s death?A. Her husband ’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49.W hen Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A.sat in an armchair all the timeB.sat with her back facing the windowC.sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50.H ow did she feel about her love towards her husband?A.She hated her husband.B.She was indifferent now.C.She found it hard to describe.D.She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51.Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the mostfundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52.What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels. ”according to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53.What conclusion can be drawn fromPara. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54.W hat was Mrs Mallard ’s mood when she was left alone inthe room? Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease — of joy that kills. What do youthink is the real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead ”husband.PART VI WRITING(略 )您好，欢迎您阅读我的文章，本WORD 文档可编辑修改，也可以直接打印。
2010年英语专四真题及参考答案
2010年英语专四真题及参考答案2010年英语专四真题及参考答案（完整版）1. D room services2. D air tickets, local transport and all meals3. A The traveller is reluctant to buy travel insurance4. C Mark doesn’t know the exact number of the delegates yet5. A the arrival time of the guest speakers6. B two7. D an airline company8. C her laptop9. C in her client’s office10. D the check book inside bore her name11. D the Arts ans Science program12. B Thirty thousand dollars13. A federal loans14. D Australia15. D take children to watch sports events16. B spend more time with chidren17. C Australia18. B infected children and women19. D it has worked in five countries till now20. A the importance of government support21. C a 23-year-old woman22. B two months later23. A all parties have agreed upon it24. D the end of 201125. C the prison authorities26. A to be imprisoned and fined27. B public use of the beach28. A The airport was shut down for Friday29. C 2130. A The rescue operation involved many people点击阅读：2010专四真题听力部分（影印版）/doc/7f1520991.html,/space.php?uid =1&do=album&id=4444 2010专四听写和听力MP3下载/doc/7f1520991.html,/mp3/TEM4-2010a001.mp3/doc/7f1520991.html,/mp3/TEM4-2010a002.mp3/doc/7f1520991.html,/mp3/TEM4-2010a003.mp3/doc/7f1520991.html,/mp3/TEM4-2010a004.mp3/doc/7f1520991.html,/mp3/TEM4-2010a005.mp3/doc/7f1520991.html,/mp3/TEM4-2010a006.mp32010英语专四完形填空参考答案（周玉亮版本）31 B in other words32 A sounds33 C so that34 D upon35 B combined36 A written down.37 D or38 B associations39 A filled40 D and41 B recall42 C read and learn43 B increases.44 D powerfully45 A charming46 C literary47 B words.48 D by49 A move50 C make2010英语专四完形填空真题（影印版）/doc/7f1520991.html,/space-1-do-album-id-4445.html完形填空原文重现：How men first learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their associations —the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully toour minds and feelings. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and rude.语法与词汇部分参考答案（周玉亮版本）51. D Her Eyes were red from excessive reading52. A must have gone53. D strong enough54. C what55. B as56. C Each they have bought the same book.57. B does he58. D and59. C he60. A hand in61. D the subject62. C Many his friends came to the party.63. A The directors appointed John manager.64. D yet65. B not being tall66. B conflict67. A about68. C particpants69. B bitter70. D decisive71. A lately72. C stagnant73. B restrain74. D touches75. A indulgence76. C accordingly77. B very near78. D make out79. A generous80. C scrambled2010年英语专四词汇语法真题（影印版）/doc/7f1520991.html,/space-1-do-album-id-4442.html 2010年英语专四阅读真题参考答案（周玉亮版本）81. B more than one aspect82. A it gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work83. A easily believe in unchecked statements84. C scientists’s way of thinking and acting85. B objective86. A Latin Amercia has long received attention87. D on a plain88. C clearer89. B the emergence of the internet90. D optimistic91. B trivial92. D in the same paragraph93. D generosity94. C remember others’ words95. C forgetting details of memorable events96. D family members and guests97. C men and women in near Eastern societies98. A the type of food99. D social status100. D culture and manners of eating2010英语专四阅读理解真题（影印版）/doc/7f1520991.html,/space-1-do-album-id-4442.html2010年专四阅读理解原题来源TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, chemistry, geology, engineering, medical or any other science?We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines and products that scientists and technologists develop. New drugs, faster and safer means of transport, new systems of applied knowledge are some examples of this aspect of science.The second aspect is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity — he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions, whether of pure or applied knowledge, and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies persistent and logical thought to the observations hemakes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the full extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical —he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available —and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own. Since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data, which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.。
2010年英语专业四级考试真题及解析
51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a ____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.A. latelyB.just nowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicizedphrase means _____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawled参考答案：51.D 52.A 53.D 54.C 55.B 56.C 57.B 58.D 59.C 60.A61.D 62.C 63.A 64.D 65.B 66.B67.D 68.C 69.B 70.D 71.A 72.C 73.D 74.D 75.A 76.C 77.B 78.D 79.A 80.C。
2010-2019年英语专业四级真题及参考答案(可打印)
2010-2019年英语专业四级真题及参考答案（供参考）TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning? For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully andthen answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A. Pan-Pacific Tours.B. Johnson & Sons Events.C. Conference delegates.D. An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught throughA. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.12.What is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.13.International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.16. According to the study, the "new man" likes toA. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.17.It is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18.The services of the new partnership are provided mainly toA. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.20.The example of Cambodia mainly showsA. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA. a 17-year-old girl.B. a 15-year-old boy.C. a 23-year-old woman.D. an l 8-year-old man.22.We learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediately.D. two weeks later.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23.The Iraqi parliament can vote on the security agreement only afterA. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.24.According to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA. the police.B. the district attorney.C. the prison authorities.D. Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27.What is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29.How many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A. The rescue operation involved many people.B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.PAR TⅡ CLOZE [20 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET.How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31)_____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (32)_____to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33)_____they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34)_____certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)_____to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)_____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37)_____written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38)_____ -the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39)_____with meaning for us by experience;(40)_____the longer we live, the more certain words (41)_____to us the happyand sad events of our past; and the more we (42)_____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43)_____.Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)_____to our minds and emotions. This (45)_____and telling use of words is what we call (46)_____style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)_____. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (48)_____their position and association can (49)_____men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)_____our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convertPART Ⅲ GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [25 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She_____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet_____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After_____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool_____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre,_____？A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department,_____an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health,_____should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he_____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase isA. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film_____"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65._____should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality_____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging_____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150_____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a_____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick,_____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research projectA. latelyB. just nowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in_____ the fans from rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final_____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they didA. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicized phrase means_____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't_____ what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n)_____ salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers_____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledPARTⅣ READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity ma kes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete.Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many people believe that science helps society progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.TEXT BOver the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca“lines”of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the yearsseveral other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Interment. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Interment help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it isa step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were foundA. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the_____ the images they present.A. smallerB. largerC. clearerD. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists.B. the emergence of the Interment.C. the birth of new theories.D. the interest in the Interment.90. The author is_____about the role of the Interment in solving mysteries.A. cautiousB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. optimisticTEXT CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?"But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University) "There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University)"This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University)Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearance at the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activistMarian Wright Edelman says, 'Service is the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond clich6 and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Interment. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered one of the best in recent memory.But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to be lectured about the big stuff? Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall_____ memories.A. greatB. trivialC. unforgettableD. unimaginative92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explainedA. in the final paragraph.B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the first paragraph.D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPTA. death.a. success.C. service.D. generosity.94. It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail toA. remain clear-headed.B. keep good manners.C. remember others' words.D. recollect specific details.95. What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.TEXT DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist MaryDouglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lesu on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status。
2010专四真题Language Usage
【2010-1】【语法】【状语和主句的关系】Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A.why don’t you do it for the sake of your friends? 为你的朋友着想（主句的目的）B.I wish I could write as well as you. 和你一样（比较）C.For all his efforts, he didn’t get an A. 尽管他非常努力（让步）D.Her eyes were red from excessive reading.【2010-2】【语法】【情态动词】Nancy’s gone to work but her car’s still there. She_must have gone__by bus.A.must have gone对过去事情的肯定推测B.should have goneC.ought have gone（B和C本应该做某事却没有做）D.could have gone本可以做某事却没做【2010-3】【语法】【副词和形容词的搭配】too...to 太... 以致于不能so... as to 表示结果enough 修饰形容词时放在后面strong enough【2010-4】【语法】【名词性从句连接词】After what seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.that /it/what/ thereafter是介词，介词后面需要跟宾语从句的引导词。
名词性从句多由连词that，whether，以wh-开头的连接代词和连接副词引导。
先排除it和where；that引导的从句只可以做介词except和in的宾语。
英语专四历年语法与词汇真题及答案解析汇总(TEM4 GRAMMAR VOCABULARY)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE FOUR-PART ⅣGRAMMAR & VOCABULARY51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well asyou.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ______ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ______ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnelmanager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ______ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, ______?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ______ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, ______ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ______ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in 61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for he r", the italicized phrase is) ______.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen thefilm ______"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. ______ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality ______, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging ______ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ______ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69.School started on a ______ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ______action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ______.A. latelyB.just nowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained ______.A. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ______ the fans from rushing on to the stage to takephotos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ______ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His ______ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did ______.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. Theitalicized phrase means ______.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't ______ what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) ______ salary and benefitspackage.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ______ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledKEYS: 51-55.DADCB 56-60. CBDCA 61-65.DCADB66-70.BDCBD 71-75.ACDDA 76-80.CBDAC51. D【解析】句意理解题。
历年专四语法真题参考答案
历年专四语法真题参考答案历年专四语法真题参考答案在备考英语专业四级考试中，语法部分一直是考生们的重点和难点。
历年来，专四语法真题的难度逐渐增加，要求考生对英语语法掌握得更加熟练。
本文将为大家提供一些历年专四语法真题的参考答案，希望能对大家备考有所帮助。
一、单项选择题1. The weather forecast says it ________ tomorrow.A. will rainB. rainsC. is rainingD. rained参考答案：A. will rain解析：根据句子结构和时间状语“tomorrow”，可以确定此处需要用将来时态。
选项A中的“will rain”符合语法规则。
2. I am tired. I ________ a long day at work.A. hadB. have hadC. haveD. will have参考答案：B. have had解析：根据句子结构和时间状语“am tired”，可以确定此处需要用现在完成时态。
选项B中的“have had”符合语法规则。
3. ________ you have any questions, please feel free to ask.A. WouldB. ShouldC. CouldD. If参考答案：D. If解析：根据句子结构和语境，此处需要用虚拟语气来表示“如果”。
选项D中的“If”符合语法规则。
二、改错题1. I didn't seen him for a long time.改为：I haven't seen him for a long time.参考答案：haven't解析：根据句子结构和时间状语“for a long time”，可以确定此处需要用现在完成时态。
选项haven't符合语法规则。
2. She is very good at play the piano.改为：She is very good at playing the piano.参考答案：playing解析：根据句子结构和动词“play”的用法，可以确定此处需要用动名词形式。
专四英语考试语法练习题及答案
专四英语考试语法练习题及答案2018年专四英语考试语法练习题及答案学习靠积累，记忆靠理解，经验靠反思，熟练靠练习。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年专四英语考试语法练习题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!1. The Chinese nation has____ many national heroes.A. brought forthB. brought forwardC. brought upD. brought about2. The ____of the priest's sermon was that all human beings should love each other.A. brainB. questionC. essenceD. reality3. We all left the meeting convinced that the project was ____.A. fertileB. inevitableC. inherentD. feasible4. The heavy burden of the life made her ____ the old way of stealing.A. revel inB. relate toC. revert toD. revive in5. She has always ____her neighbors for the past twenty years.A. been fed up withB. been on good terms withC. got around toD. gone along with6. These books are both interesting and instructive. No wonder they___the reading public.A. appeal toB. apply toC. approve ofD. ascend to7. You must phone the police when you find any suspicious guy ____the house late at night.A. hanging outB. hanging upC. hanging roundD. hanging together8. Despite the fact that the area had been hit by the severest drought in twenty years, a(n)____ harvest was gathered in.A. desirableB. wishfulC. bumperD. ideal9. The store was ____people shopping for household wares.A. occupied byB. seized byC. invaded byD. jammed with参考答案1. 答案 A【参考译文】中华民族产生了很多民族英雄。
历年英语专业四级语法词汇真题(附答案)
2001 年专四语法词汇真题41.I can’t go—for one thing, I have no money, and I have too much work.A. what’s moreB. as wellC. for anotherD. in addition42.Even as a girl, to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teacher.A. performing by Melissa wereB. it was known that Melissa’s performances wereC. knowing that Melissa’s performances wereD. Melissa knew that performing was43.him tomorrow?A. Why not to call onB. Why don’t call onC. Why not calling onD. Why not call on44.There is no doubt the company has made the right decision on the sales project.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when45.Intellect is to the mind sight is to the body.A. whatB. asC. thatD.like46.I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.A. As long asB. AsC. WhileD. Even47.The patient’s progress was very encouraging as he could get out of bed without help.A. nearlyB. hardlyC. merelyD. barely48.He was to tell the truth even to his closest friend.A. too much of a cowardB. too much the cowardC. a coward enoughD. enough of a coward49.Barry had an advantage over his mother he could speak French.A. since thatB. in thatC. at thatD. so that50.You needn’t worry regards the cost of the operation.A. withB. whichC. asD. about51.is not a serious disadvantage in life.A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall52.During the famine, many people were to going without food for days.A. sunkB. reducedC. forcedD. declined53.The computer can be programmed to a whole variety of tasks.A. assignB. tackleC. realizeD. solve54.The team’s efforts to score were by the opposing goalkeeper.A. frustratedB. preventedC. discouragedD. accomplished55.I only know the man by but I have never spoken to him.A. chanceB. heartC. sightD. experience56.Being colour-blind, Sally can’t make a between red and green.A. differenceB. distinctionC. comparisonD. division57.You must insist that students give a truthful answer with the reality of their world.A. relevantB. simultaneousC. consistentD. practical58.In order to raise money, Aunt Nicola h ad to with some of her most treasured possessions.A. divideB. separateC. partD. abandon.59.The car was in good working when I bought it a few months agoA. orderB. formC. stateD. circumstance60.The customer expressed her for that broad hat.A. disapprovalB. distasteC. dissatisfactionD. dismay61.In order to repair barns, build fence, grow crops, and care for animals a farmer must indeed be .A. restlessB. skilledC. strongD. versatile62.His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in to his income.A. comparisonB. proportionC. associationD. calculation63.Although he has become rich, he is still very of his money.A. economicB. thriftyC. frugalD. careful64.As the manager was away on a business trip, I was asked to the weekly staff meeting.A. presideB. introduceC. chairD. dominate65.The of the word is unknown, but it is certainly not from Greek.A. originB. generationC. descentD. Cause参考答案：41.答案：C【参考译文】我不能去，一则我没钱，再则我手头上的事情太多。
英语专业四级历年语法试题（含答案）
英语专业四级历年语法试题（含答案）英语专业四级历年语法试题虚拟语气部分1. If you _____ in such a hurry, you _____ sugar into the sauce instead ofsalt. (TEM4-1992-50)A. were not, would not putB. were, would putC. had been, would have putD. had not been, would not have put2. _____ their help, we would not have succeeded. (TEM4-1992-55)A. Hadn’t been forB. Had not it been forC. It hadn’t been forD. Had it not been for3. She asked that she _____ allowed to see her son in police custody.(TEM4-1993-50)A. would beB. could beC. beD. was4. _____ your timely advice, I would never have known how to goabout the work. (TEM4-1994-53)A. UnlessB. But forC. Except forD. Notfor5. It was recommended that passengers _____ smoke during the flight.(TEM4-1994-58)A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not6. _____ you were busy, I wouldn’t have bothered you with questions.(TEM4-1994-62)A. If I realizedB.Had I realizedC. I realizedD. As I realized7. _____, he would not have recovered so quickly. (TEM4-1995-65)A. Hadn’t he been taken good care ofB. Had he not been taken good care ofC. Had not he been taken good care ofD. Had he been not taken good care of8. I _____ the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. (TEM4-1996-43)A. would enjoyB. will have enjoyedC. could have enjoyedD. will be enjoying9. He left orders that nothing _____ touched until the police arrived there. (TEM4-1997-43)A. should beB. ought to beC. must beD. would be10. I was to have made a speech if _____. (TEM4-1997-51)A. I was not called awayB. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called awayD. nobody called me away11. If your car _____ any attention during the first 12 months, take it toauthorized dealer. (TEM4-1998-43)A. shall needB. should needC. would needD. will need12. If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about timeyou _____ able to write letters in English. (TEM4-1999-49)A. should beB. wereC. must beD. are13. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____quite such a crowd of people there. (TEM4-2000-49)A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. will need14. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.(TEM4-2002-50)A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were itnot15. “What courses are you going to do next semester?”“I don’t know. But it’s about time _____ on something.”(TEM4-2002-51)A. I’d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’m deciding16. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you knowbeforehand? (TEM4-2004-44)A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised17. It is imperative that students _____ their term papers on time.(TEM4-2004-46)A. hand inB. would hand inC. have to hand inD. handedin18. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____able to advise youmuch better than I can. (TEM4-2005-51)A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were19. If only I _____ play the guitar as well as you! (TEM4-2006-52)A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. might20. It’s high time we _____ cutting down the rainforests. (TEM4-2006-54)A. stoppedB. had to stopC. shall stopD. stop21. It is imperative that the government _____ more investment into theshipbuilding industry. (TEM4-2006-59)A. attractsB. shall attractC. attractD. has to22. If only the patient _____ a different treatment instead of using theantibiotics, he might still be alive now. (TEM4-2007-54)A.had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. werereceiving23. It is absolutely essential that William _____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties. (TEM4-2007-65)A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues24. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn. (TEM4-2009-52)A. could have beenB. would beC. will beD. would have been一、非谓语动词部分1.The compositions contained so few errors that the teacher got the students _____ one another’s p apers. (TEM4-1992-58)A. correctB. to correctC. correctingD. to be correcting2. I don’t like _____ bills but when I do get them I like _____ them promptly. (TEM4-1992-60)A. to get, payingB. getting, to payC. to get, to payD. getting, paying3. I never regretted _____ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay. (TEM4-1993-53)A. not to acceptB. not having acceptedC. having not acceptedD. not accepting4. Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there. (TEM4-1994-52)A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found5. _____ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with thework at first. (TEM4-1994-55)A. Not receivedB. Since receivingC. Having receivedD. Not having received6. The countr y’s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars_____ the most important of these. (TEM4-1994-57)A. have beenB. areC. beingD. are being7. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to hisastonishment, he saw a rope ladder _____ out and three men climbing down it.(TEM4-1995-52)A. throwingB. being thrownC. having thrownD. having been thrown8. He resented _____ to wait. He expected the minister _____ him atonce. (TEM4-1995-53)A. to be asked, to seeB. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeingD. being asked, seeing9. This missile is designed so that once _____ nothing can be done to retrieve it.(TEM4-1995-63)A. firedB. being firedC. they firedD. havingfired10. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (TEM4-1996-42)A. HavingB. GivenC. GivingD. Had11. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____insufficiently popular with all members. (TEM4-1996-45)A. having consideredB. was consideredC. was being consideredD. being considered12. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing thatmatters is to avoid _____. (TEM4-1996-48)A. from being beatenB. being beatenC. beatingD. to be beaten13. _____ no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his room.(TEM4-1996-51)A. There wasB. SinceC. BeingD. There being14. _____, he can now only watch it on TV at home. (TEM4-1998-45)A. Obtaining not a ticket for the matchB. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchC. Not having obtained a ticket for the matchD. Not obtained a ticket for the match15. The Clarks haven’t decided yet which hotel _____. (TEM4-1998-49)A. to stayB. is to stayC. to stay atD. is for staying16. _____enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field. (TEM4-1998-51)A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given17. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country _____ by the police each time. (TEM4-1999-42) A. had been captured B. being always capturedC. only to be capturedD. unfortunately captured18. Professor Johnson is said _____ some significant advance in his research in the past years. (TEM4-1999-43)A. having madeB. makingC. to have madeD. to make19. There _____nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an earlier. (TEM4-2000-45)A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be20._____ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn't seem so gloomy.(TEM4-2000-51)A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look21. Even as a girl, _____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her teachers. (TEM4-2001-42)A. performing by Melissa wereB. it was known that Melissa's performances wereC. knowing that Melissa's performances wereD. Melissa knew that performing was22._____ him tomorrow? (TEM4-2001-43)A. Why not to call onB. Why don't call onC. Why not to calling onD. Why not call on23. ______is not a serious disadvantage in life. (TEM4-2001-51)A. To be not tallB. Not to be tallC. Being not tallD. Not being tall24. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat ____ byfar the cereal crop. (TEM4-2003-41)A. isB. beenC. beD. being25. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _____ forthat.(TEM4-2003-47)A. for us to be preparedB. that we are preparedC. of us to be preparedD. our being prepared26. Time _____, the celebration will be held as scheduled. (TEM4-2003-48)A. permitB. permittingC. permittedD. permits27. If not _____ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time. (TEM4-2004-45)A. being treatedB. treatedC. be treatedD. having been treated28. The minister of finance is believed _____ of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue. (TEM4-2004-48)A. that is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think29. There are only ten apples left in the baskets, _____ the spoilt ones. (TEM4-2006-63)A. not countingB. not to countC. don’t countD. having not counted30. Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute. (TEM4-2007-54)A.to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting31. It is not uncommon for there _____ problems of communication between the old and the young. (TEM4-2007-63)A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be32. _____ at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so desperate. (TEM4-2007-64)A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look33. What does “He wisely refused to spend his money” mean? (TEM4-2008-59)A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn’t want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.34. What a nice day! How about the three of us _____ a walk in the park nearby?(TEM4-2009-51)A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. to be taking35. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence means that (TEM4-2009-62)A. she seems to be there at the conference.B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conference.D. she seemed to being there at the conference.36. "The man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer" has all the following possible meanings EXCEPT (TEM4-2009-65)A. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...三、动词时态和语态1. When I arrived at the meeting, the first speaker _____ and the audience _____. (TEM4-1992-47)A. had finished speaking, were clappingB. had finished speaking, had clappedC. finished speaking, clappedD. finished speaking, were clapping2. The doctor is feeling the little girl’s pulse. He says it _____ normal. (TEM4-1992-51)A. feelsB. is feelingC. has feltD. is felt3. I _____ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother’s illness interfered. I hope you will excuse me. (TEM4-1993-54)A. am to have finishedB. was to have finishedC. was to finishD. ought to finish4. How can I ever concentrate if you _____ continually _____ me withsilly questions? (TEM4-1997-41)A. have …interruptedB. had …interruptedC. are…interruptingD. were…interrupting5. Mr. White works with a chemicals import & export company, but he_____ for the industrial fair, since he is on leave. (TEM4-1997-44)A. has workedB. worksC. has been workingD. is working6. For some time now, world leaders _____ out the necessity foragreement on arms reduction. (TEM4-2002-43)A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed7. The experiment requires more money than _____. (TEM4-2002-49)A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in8. Jack _____ from home for two days now, and I am beginning toworry about his safety. (TEM4-2003-42)A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed9. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _____ until yesterday.(TEM4-2005-54)A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came10. _____ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (TEM4-2005-55)A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be11. That was not the first time he _____ us. I think it’s high time we _____ strong actions against him. (TEM4-2005-60)A. betrayed…takeB. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed…tookD. has betrayed…take12. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____ impossible to comprehend. (TEM4-2006-55)A. has foundB. was findingC. had foundD. would find13. The committee has anticipated the problems that _____ in the road construction project. (TEM4-2007-58)A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen14. The student said there were a few points in the essay he_____impossible to comprehend. (TEM4-2007-59)A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find15. He would have finished his college education, but he _____ to quit and find a job to support his family. (TEM4-2007-60)A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have16. In his plays Shakespeare ______ his characters live through their language. (TEM4-2008-63)A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes四、情态助动词的用法1.The door was open.It _____ open. I had locked it myself and the key was in my pocket. (TEM4-1992-48)A. can’t beB. mustn’t beC. can’t have beenD. mustn’t have been2. – I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday.–It’s on sale today for only 30. You should have waited.– Oh really? But how _____ I know? (TEM4-1993-48)。
2018英语专四真题和题答案与解析
2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to builda smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. . News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of_____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaningA. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentenceexpresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been stronglycriticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of rawmaterials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognitionactually __________ a good angle — or a good selfie overall — is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sportingstars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable” school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysisof worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passageif inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letterfor each word on ANSWER SHEET.A. accompaniesB. automaticallyC. coupleD. goesE. indebtednessF. kindG. mannerH. mercifullyI. oneJ. obeyK. renowned L. subscribe M. unknown N. virtue O. widespreadA Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment.He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some r eaction, the response he received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met norheard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card never inquired into the identity of the unknown professor. They received his holiday greeting card, and they automatically sent one in return. This study showsthe action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence aroundus—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay,in kind, what another person has provided us. If a woman does us a favor,we should do her one in return; if a man sends us a birthday present, weshould remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if a couple invitesus to a party, we should be sure to invite them to one of ours. By virtueof the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment offavors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is it for indebtednessto accompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English languagebut in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense ofobligation that goes with it is its pervasiveness in human culture. It isso widespread that after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society that does not subscribeto the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establishcolonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. Theywanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those firstsettlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individualfreedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americansmean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet,achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early aspossible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the .(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity:competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in orderto succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the lifeof an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact,any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United Statesis to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes.The phrase “going from rags to riches” became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the Americanpeople, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hardwork has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history.In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining AmericanvaluesA. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,the man w ho invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned,and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and —perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries havea system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something goodin their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are alsothe Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But it’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prizeand the MTV for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect tosee their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with theDa Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporaryartists—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year —building a garden shed.(5) Awards don’t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personalityof the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year.This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to peoplewho deserve it, or to help people who don’t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren’t short of cash!(6) Many s mall towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awardsfor“Innovation in English Language Teaching”．(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently Shakespeare neverwon a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win“patronage”form rich people—a king or a lord would give the artistsor scientists money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways ofmaking money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens.A lot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, manymore people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony isseen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result The group sellslots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies.This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but alsothe sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a“Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place43. What is the author’s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the GoldenGlobes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writersA. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the pastand those at present lies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office whennews of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard’s name leading thelist of “killed”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of sadness had spentitself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach intoher soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singingreached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds thathad met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itselfto sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and evena certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixedaway off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection,but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back withher will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11) When s he abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen andbright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch ofher body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray anddead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come thatwould belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she wouldlive for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon afellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter!What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole,imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will makeyourself ill. What are you doing, Louise For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am n ot making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir(长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, andsummer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayerthat life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.(19) She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. Therewas a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs.Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallardwho entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella.He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one.He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen himfrom the view of his wife.(21) But Richards was too late.(22) When t he doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband’s deathA. Her husband’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husbandA. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages inSection A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the mostfundamentalIndividual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52. What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels.”according to Para. 2The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54. What was Mrs Mallard’s mood when she was left alone in the roomSecret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease — of joy that kills. Whatdo you think is the real cause of her deathFright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead” husband.PART VI WRITING(略)。
2010法语专四真题(语法)
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(完整版)历年专四真题语法归类
一、谓语动词63.In his plays Shakespeare his characters live through their language. （2008）A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes58.The committee has anticipated the problems that in the road construction project. （2007）A. ariseB. will arise ?C. aroseD. have arisen59.The student said there were a few points in the essay he impossible to comprehend. (2006)A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find（2007）60.He would have finished his college education, but he to quit and find a job to support his family. （2007）A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have54.James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he until yesterday. (2005)A. will comeB. was comingC. had been comingD. came55.conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (2005)A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be56.Jack from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 2003 A.has b een missing B. has been missed C. had been missing D. was missed2.For some time now, world leaders out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. 2002a.had been pointingb. have been pointingc. were pointingd. pointed二、非谓语动词：非谓语动词–分词逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。
(完整word版)2018英语专四真题及参考答案(1)
2018英语专业四级考试真题及参考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfie overall —is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable”school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONL Y. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the responsehe received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned aone of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule forus a birthday present, we should remember his birthday with a gift of our own; if athe reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment of favors, gifts,things that a term like “much obliged” has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense of obligation thatstudy, sociologists such as Alvin Goldener can report that there is no human society thatPART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches”became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and —perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries have a system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But it’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year —building a garden shed.(5) Awards don’t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don’t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren’t short of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for“Innovation in English Language Teaching”.(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win“patronage”form rich people—a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens. A lot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells lots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a“Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author’s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the Golden Globes andGrammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the past and those at presentlies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard’s name leading the list of “killed”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of sadness had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11) When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir(长生不老药) of life through that open window.(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.(19) She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21) But Richards was too late.(22) When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband’s death?A. Her husband’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the most fundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52. What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels.” according toPara. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54. What was Mrs Mallard’s mood when she was left alone in the room?Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease —of joy that kills. What do you think isthe real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead” husband.PART VI WRITING(略)。
2010年英语专业四级真题试卷及其参考答案(最新整理)
SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully andthen answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A. Pan-Pacific Tours.B. Johnson & Sons Events.C. Conference delegates.D. An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught throughA. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.12.What is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.13.International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will begiven 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.A. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.17.It is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18.The services of the new partnership are provided mainly toA. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.20.The example of Cambodia mainly showsA. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer thequestions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA. a 17-year-old girl.B. a 15-year-old boy.C. a 23-year-old woman.D. an l 8-year-old man.22.We learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediately.D. two weeks later.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23.The Iraqi parliament can vote on the security agreement only afterA. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.24.According to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA. the police.B. the district attorney.C. the prison authorities.D. Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27.What is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29.How many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A. The rescue operation involved many people.B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage it" inserted in thecorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31)____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (32)____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33)____ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34)____ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)____ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)_____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37)_____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38)____ the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39)____ with meaning for us by experience; (40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words (41)_____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (42)____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43)____Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)____ to our minds and emotions. This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call (46)____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)____. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music,and which (48)_____ their position and association can (49)____ men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convertPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a ____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.A. latelyB.just nowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicized phrase means _____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n)salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation.84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.TEXT BOver the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoffat and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were foundA. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the ____ the images they present.A. smallerB. largerC. clearerD. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists.B. the emergence of the lnternet.C. the birth of new theories.D. the interest in the Internet.90. The author is ____ about the role of the lnternet in solving mysteries.A. cautiousB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. optimisticTEXT CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?"But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University)."There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University)."'This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University).Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearance at the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, 'Service is the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered one of the best in recent memory.But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to be lectured aboutthe big stuff?. Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall ____ memories.A. greatB. trivialC. unforgettableD. unimaginative92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explainedA. in the final paragraph.B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the first paragraph.D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPTA. death.B. success.C. service.D. generosity.94. It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail toA. remain clear-headed.B. keep good manners.C. remember others' words.D. recollect specific details.95. What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.TEXT DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invitedfor drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lesu on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a clan, a type of kin (family) group, are not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their totemic ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be descended from that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva, of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, no96. According to the passage, the English make clear distinctions betweenA. people who eat together.B. the kinds of food served.C. snacks and hamburgers.D. family members and guests.97. According to the passage, who will NOT eat together?。
2018英语专四真题及参考答案
2018英語專業四級考試真題及參考答案PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark hour answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to builda smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News ____________ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not ____________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard and a view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn” is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentenceexpresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no __________ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle — or a good selfie overall — is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generation of sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’union _________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable” school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the __________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading ___________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimePART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET.A Few years ago, a university professor tried a little experiment. He sent Christmas cards to a sample of perfect strangers. Although he expected some reaction, the response he received was amazing—holiday cards addressed to him came pouring back from the people who had never met nor heard of him. The great majority of those who returned a card never inquiredinto the identity of professor. They received his holidaythe action of one of the most powerful of the weapons of influence around us—the rule for reciprocation. The rule says that we should try to repay,of the reciprocity rule, then, we are obligated to the future repayment offavors, gifts, invitations, and the like. So typical is itto accompany the receipt of such things that a term like “much obliged”has become a synonym for “thank you,” not only in the English language but in others as well.The impressive aspect of the rule for reciprocation and the sense ofso after intensive study, sociologists such as Alvinto the rule.PART V READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE（1）The earliest settlers came to the North American continent to establish colonies that were free from the controls that existed in European societies. They wanted to escape the controls placed on their lives by kings and governments, priests and churches, noblemen and aristocrats. The historic decisions made by those first settlers have had a profound effect on the shaping of the American character. By limiting the power of the government and the churches and eliminating a formal aristocracy, they created a climate of freedom where the emphasis was on the individual. Individual freedom is probably the most basic of all the American values. By freedom, Americans mean the desire and the ability of all individuals to control their own destiny without outside interference from the government, a ruling noble class, the church, or any other organized authority.(2) There is, however, a price to be paid for this individual freedom: self-reliance. It means that Americans believe they should stand on their own feet, achieving both financial and emotional independence from their parents as early as possible, usually by age 18 or 21.(3) A second important reason why immigrants have traditionally been drawn to the United States is the belief that everyone has a equal chance to enter a race and succeed in the game. Because titles of nobility were forbidden in the Constitution, no formal class system developed in the U.S.(4) There is, however, a price to be paid for this equality of opportunity: competition. If much of life is seen as race, then a person must run the race in order to succeed; a person must compete with others. The pressures of competition in the life of an American begin in childhood and continue until retirement from work. In fact, any group of people who does not compete successfully does not fit into the mainstream of American life as well as those who do.(5) A third reason why immigrants have traditionally come to the United States is to have a better life. Because of its abundant natural resources, the United States appeared to be a “land of plenty where millions could come to seek their fortunes. The phrase “going from rags to riches” became a slogan for the American dream. Many people did achieve material success. Material wealth became a value to the American people, and it also became an accepted measure of social status.(6) Americans pay a price, however, for their material wealth: hard work. Hard work has been both necessary and rewarding for most Americans throughout their history. In some ways, material possessions are seen as evidence of people’s abilities. Barry Goldwater, a candidate for the presidency in 1964, said that most poor people are poor because they deserve to be. Most Americans would find this a harsh statement, but many might think there was some truth in it.(7) These basic values do not tell the whole story of the American character. Rather, they should be thought of as themes, as we continue to explore more facets of the American character and how it affects life in the United States.41. Para.4 seems to suggest that __________.A. Americans are born with a sense of competitionB. the pressure of competition begins when one starts workC. successful competition is essential in American societyD. competition results in equality of opportunities42. Which of the following methods does the author mainly use in explaining American values?A. ComparisonD. Cause and effectC. DefinitionD. Process analysisPASSAGE TWO(1) The Nobels are the originals, of course. Alfred Nobel,the man who invented deadly explosives, decided to try and do something good with all the money he earned, and gave prizes to people who made progress in literature, science, economics and —perhaps most importantly—peace.(2) Not all rewards are as noble as the Nobels. Even though most countries havea system of recognizing, honoring and rewarding people who have done something good in their countries, there are now hundreds of awards and award ceremonies for all kinds of things.(3)The Oscars are probably the most famous, a time for the (mostly) American film industry to tell itself how good it is and an annual opportunity for lots of big stars to give each other awards and make tearful speeches. As well as that there are also the Golden Globes, evidently for the same thing.(4) But it’s not only films---there are also Grammies, Brits, the Mercury Prize and the MTV for music. In Britain, a writer who wins the Booker Prize can expect to see their difficult, literary novel hit the bestseller lists and compete with the Da Vinci Code for popularity. The Turner Prize is an award for British contemporary artists—each year it causes controversy by apparently giving lots of money to artists who do things like displaying their beds, putting animals in glass cases or—this year —building a garden shed.(5) Awards don’t only exist for arts. There are now awards for Sports Personality of the Year, for European Footballer of the Year and World Footballer of the Year. This seems very strange—sometimes awards can be good to give recognition to people who deserve it, or to help people who don’t make a lot of money carry on their work without worrying about finances, but professional soccer players these days certainly aren’t short of cash!(6) Many small towns and communities all over the world also have their own award ceremonies, for local writers or artists, or just for people who have graduated from high school or, got a university degree. Even the British Council has its own awards for“Innovation in English Language Teaching”.(7) Why have all these awards and ceremonies appeared recently? Shakespeare never won a prize, nor did Leonardo Da Vinci or Adam Smith or Charles Dickens.(8) It would be possible to say, however, that in the past, scientists and artists could win“patronage”form rich people—a king or a lord would give the artists or scientists money to have them paint their palaces or help them develop new ways of making money. With the change in social systems across the world, this no longer happens.A lot of scientific research is now either funded by the state or by private companies.(9)Perhaps award ceremonies are just the most recent phase of this process.(10) However, there is more to it than that. When a film wins an Oscar, many more people will go and see it, or buy the DVD. When a writer wins the Nobel Prize, many more people buy their books. When a group wins the MTV awards, the ceremony is seen by hundreds of thousands of people across the world. The result? The group sells lots more records.(11) Most award ceremonies are now sponsored by big organizations or companies. This means that it is not only the person who wins the award who benefits---but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for example, are great for publicizing not only music, but also MTV itself!(12) On the surface, it seems to be a“Win-win”situation, with everyone being happy, but let me ask you a question—how far do you think that publicity and marketing are winning here, and how much genuine recognition of achievement is taking place?43. What is the author’s tone when he mentions awards such as the Oscars, the GoldenGlobes and Grammies (Paras. 3 & 4)A. Amused.B. Appreciative.C. Sarcastic.D. Serious.44. According to Para. 4, what would happen to award winning writers?A. They would enjoy a much larger readership.B. They would turn to popular novel writing.C. They would continue non-fiction writing.D. They would try controversial forms of art.45. Which of the following statements best sums up Para. 6?A. Awards ceremonies are held for local people.B. Awards ceremonies are held on important occasions.C. Awards ceremonies are held in certain professions.D. Awards ceremonies are held for all sorts of reasons.46. According to Para. 8, one difference between scientists and artists in the pastand those at present lies in_____________.A. nature of workB. personal contactC. source of fundingD. social status47. It can be concluded from Para. 12 that the author thinks awards ________.A. promote market rather than achievementsB. do good to both market and popularityC. help those who are really talentedD. are effective in making people popularPASSAGE THREE(1) Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from a heart trouble, great care was taken to break to her as gently as possible the news of her husband’s death.(2) It was her sister Josephine who told her, in broken sentences. Her husband’s friend Richards was there, too. It was he who had been in the newspaper office when news of the railroad disaster was received, with Brently Mallard’s name leading the list of “killed”. He had only taken the time to assure himself of its truth by a second telegram.(3) She wept at once, in her sister’s arms. When the storm of sadness had spent itself she went away to her room alone. She would have no one follow her.(4) There stood, facing the open window, a comfortable armchair. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body and seemed to reach into her soul.(5) She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. The notes of a distant song which someone was singing reached her, and countless sparrows were twittering in the eaves).(6) There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled above the other in the west facing her window.(7) She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the chair, quite motionless, except when a sob came up into her throat and shook her, as a child who has cried itself to sleep continues to sob in its dreams.(8) She was young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and evena certain strength. But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought.(9) There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it, fearfully. What was it? She did not know; it was too subtle and elusive to name. But she felt it, creeping out of the sky, reaching toward her through the sounds, the scents, the color that filled the air.(10) Now her bosom rose and fell tumultuously. She was beginning to recognize this thing that was approaching to possess her, and she was striving to beat it back with her will-as powerless as her two white slender hands would have been.(11) When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it over and over under her breath: "Free, free, free!" The vacant stare and the look of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. They stayed keen and bright. Her pulses beat fast, and the coursing blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body.(12) She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death; the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead. But she saw beyond that bitter moment a long procession of years to come that would belong to her absolutely. And she opened and spread her arms out to them in welcome.(13) There would be no one to live for her during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no powerful will bending her in that blind persistence with which men and women believe they have a right to impose a private will upon a fellow-creature.(14) And yet she had loved him-sometimes. Often she had not. What did it matter! What could love, the unsolved mystery, count for in face of this possession of self-assertion, which she suddenly recognized as the strongest impulse of her being!(15)“Free! Body and soul free!” she kept whispering.(16) Josephine was kneeling before the closed door with her lips to the keyhole, imploring for admission. "Louise, open the door! I beg; open the door-you will make yourself ill. What are you doing, Louise? For heaven's sake open the door."(17) "Go away. I am not making myself ill." No; she was drinking in a very elixir(長生不老藥) of life through that open window.(18) Her fancy was running riot along those days ahead of her. Spring days, and summer days, and all sorts of days that would be her own. She breathed a quick prayer that life might be long. It was only yesterday she had thought with a shudder that life might be long.(19) She arose at length and opened the door to her sister's importunities. There was a feverish triumph in her eyes, and she carried herself unwittingly like a goddess of Victory. She clasped her sister's waist, and together they descended the stairs. Richards stood waiting for them at the bottom.(20) Some one was opening the front door with a latchkey. It was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel-stained, composedly carrying his gripsack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine's piercing cry; at Richards' quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife.(21) But Richards was too late.(22) When the doctors came they said she had died of heart disease-of joy that kills.48. How did Mrs Mallard get t he news of her husband’s death?A. Her husband’s friend told her.B. She had read it from the paper.C. Her sister Josephine told her.D. Her doctor broke the news to her.49. When Mrs Mallard was alone in her room, she ___________.A. sat in an armchair all the timeB. sat with her back facing the windowC. sat and then walked around for whileD. sat in a chair and cried all the time.50. How did she feel about her love towards her husband?A. She hated her husband.B. She was indifferent now.C. She found it hard to describe.D. She had loved him all along.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. Of all the values mentioned in the passage, which one is regarded as the most fundamental?Individual freedom.PASSAGE TWO52. What can be inferred from the sentence “Not all awards are as noble as the Nobels.”according to Para. 2?The author doubts the significance of some awards.53. What conclusion can be drawn from Para. 5?The author thinks it unreasonable to award rich people.PASSAGE THREE54. What was Mrs Mallard’s mood when she was left alone in the room?Secret joy over the expectation of future freedom.55. The doctors said that Mrs Mallard died of heart disease — of joy that kills. Whatdo you think is the real cause of her death?Fright and disillusionment at the sight of her “dead” husband.PART VI WRITING(略)。
英语专四考试语法词汇题及答案2018
英语专四考试语法词汇题及答案2018古今中外有学问的人，有成就的人，总是十分注意积累的。
知识就是机积累起来的，也是积累起来的。
我们对什么事情都不应该像“过眼云烟”。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专四语法词汇题及答案2018，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生!1. many old customs are gradually dying _______.a. offb. outc. awayd. down2. there isn't any more coal; it has all been ________.a. used upb. run outc. diminishedd. reduced3. i spent $500 for this multimedia computer. it was really ________.a. a great dealb. a great bargainc. a best sellerd. a dear thing4. she ____ she didn't know me when i passed her in the street.a. believedb. pleadedc. excusedd. pretended5. bill's father told him to ____ that his allowance had to last all week.a. bear in mindb. make up his mindc. bring to mindd. turn over in his mind6. on hearing the bad news, tom sprang up ________.a. for a startb. from the startc. at the startd. with a start7. ____ a lack of interest, the public meeting has been cancelled.a. according tob. owing toc. subject tod. thanks to8. of all the four grandchildren, bill is their _______ one.a. favoriteb. most favoritec. favorabled. preferable9. it was ann's eighteenth birthday last sunday. her parents bought her an expensive watch and her boyfriend ______ her witha bunch of flowers.a. gaveb. sentc. broughtd. presented10. uncle sam stands ____ the united states.a. byb. forc. up ford. up to答案：1.b2.a3.b4.d5.a6.d7.b8.a9.d 10.b。
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2018年11. The Bent Pyramid outside Cairo __________ ancient Egypt’s first attempt to build a smooth-sided pyramid.A. has been believed to have beenB. was believed to beC. is believed to have beenD. is believed to be12. U.S. News _______ rankings of colleges since 1983. They are a very popular resource for students looking to apply to university campus.A. maintainsB. is maintainingC. maintainedD. has been maintaining13. He was lured into a crime he would not __________have committed.A. actuallyB. accidentallyC. otherwiseD. seldom14. She was once a young country wife with chickens in the backyard anda view of _____________ mountains behind the apple orchard.A. blue hazy VirginiaB. hazy blue VirginiaC. Virginia hazy blueD. Virginia blue hazy15. I long to alleviate __________, but I cannot.A. the evilB. evilC. evilsD. an evil16. Indeed, it is arguable that body shattering is the very point of football, as killing and maiming ______________.A. warB. are warC. of warD. are of war17. At ____________, photography is a chemical process, during which a light-sensitive material is altered when exposed to light.A. its most basicB. its basicC. the most basicD. the basic18. She hired a lawyer to investigate, only to learn that Gabriel had removed her name from the deed. The infinitive verb phrase “only to learn”is used __________.A. to express an intended purposeB. to indicate a high degree of possibilityC. to reveal an undesirable consequenceD. to dramatize a stated fact19. Which of the following italicized words DOES NOT carry the metaphorical meaning?A. I wonder what’s behind this change of plan.B. Jim turned to speak to the person standing behind him.C. This work should have been finished yesterday. I’m getting terribly behind.D. I suppose I’m lucky because my parents were behind me all the way.20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise21. When the police officers who took part in the King beating were first brought to ___________, their lawyers used the videotape as evidence against the prosecution.A. justiceB. testimonyC. trialD. verdict22._________, the most controversial candidate in the election campaign, he has been strongly criticized for his crude comments about women.A. QuestionablyB. ArguablyC. ContentiouslyD. Debatably23. Prices have recently risen in order to __________ the increased cost of raw materials.A. cutB. buoyC. offerD. offset24. The celebrity says in court papers she “has no _______ of giving any authorization to anyone to proceed with a divorce.”A. recommendationB. recordingC. recollectionD. recognition25.What actually __________ a good angle —or a good selfie overall —is rooted in what we consider beautiful.A. consistsB. constitutesC. composesD. constructs26. The school is going the ________ mile to create the next generationof sporting stars thanks to its unique development program.A. finalB. furtherC. supplementaryD. extra27. The teachers’ union ________ a lawsuit against the district calling for repairing “deplorable”school conditions.A. firedB. filedC. finedD. filled28. Last March the ________ of a 19th century cargo ship was found by an underwater archaeological team.A. debrisB. ruinsC. remainsD. wreck29. She’s worn his designs on __________ occasions from red carpets to movie premieres.A. countlessB. countableC. numericalD. numeral30. A leading _________ intelligence and operations company has released its analysis of worldwide reported incidents of piracy and crime against mariners.A. oceangoingB. oceanicC. marineD. maritimeC. D. C B. . Al D A. C B. A C. B D. CB.D. extra (go the extra mile 加倍努力) B.D. A. D.2017年11. ________ combination of techniques authors use, all stories---from the briefest anecdotes to the longest novels ----have a plot.A. RegardingB. WhateverC. In so far asD. No matter12. She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor to a closeddoor, _________ the women gave a quick knock before opening it.A. whereinB. on whichC. but whenD. then13. Ms Ennab is one of the first Palestinian ________ with seven years’ racing experience.A. woman driversB. women driverC. women driversD. woman driver14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a _____.A. past event for exact time referenceB. present event for tentativenessC. present event for uncertaintyD. past event for politeness15. “If I were you, I wouldn’t wait to propose to her.” The subjunctive mood in the sentence is used to _________.A. alleviate hostilityB. express unfavorable feelingsC. indicate uncertaintyD. make a suggestion16. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The modal auxiliary SHOULD express _______.A．obligationB．disappointmentC future in the pastD. tentativeness17. Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantation that ________ history.A. could have later madeB. should have made laterC. might make laterD. would later make18. Some Martian rock structures look strikingly like structures on Earth that are known ______ by microbes.A. having been createdB. being createdC. to have been createdD. to be created19. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as _____ if I ________alone.A. would have been …had beenB. should be … had beenC. could be … wereD. might have been… were20. You must fire ______ incompetent assistant of yours.A. theB. anC. thatD. whichever21. Some narratives seem more like plays, heavy with dialogue by which writers allow their _____to reveal themselves.A. charactersB. characteristicsC. charisma D characterizations22. If you intend to melt the snow for drinking water, you can ______ extra purity by running it through a coffee filter.A. assureB. insureC. reassureD. ensure23. The daisy-like flowers of chamomile have been used for centuries to _______anxiety and insomnia.A. declineB. relieve C quench D suppress24. Despite concern about the disappearance of the album in popular music, 2014 delivered a great crop of album ________.A. publicationsB. appearancesC. releasesD. presentations25. The party’s reduced vote in the general election was _______of lack of support for its policies.A. revealingB. confirmingC. indicativeD. evident26. He closed his eyes and held the two versions of La Mappa to his mind’s _______ to analyze their differences.A. vision B eye C. view D. sight27. Twelve pupils were killed and five ______injured after gunmen attacked the school during lunchtime.A. criticallyB. enormouslyC. greatlyD. hard28. A 15-year-old girl has been arrested ______ accusations of using Instagram to anonymously threaten her high-school.A. overB. withC. onD. for29. It was reported that a 73-year-old man died on an Etihad flight ______to Germany from Abu Dhabi.A. boundedB. bindedC. boundaryD. bound30. It’s _______ the case in the region; a story always sounds clear enough at a distanced, but the nearer you get to the scene of events the vaguer it becomes.A. unchangeablyB. invariablyC. unalterablyD. immovably Key:11-15: BBCBD 16-20: BDCAC 21-25: ADBCC 26-30: BACDB 2016年11. How can I concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?[A] have…interrupted [B] are. ..interrupted [C] had …interrupting [ D] were... interrupting12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence _____expresses the highest degree of possibility.[A] It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem[B] It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem[C] It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem[D] It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class[A] any boy [B] the other boys [C] other any girl [D]all the girls14. Nobody heard him sing, _____?[A] did one [B] did he [C] didn't they [D] did they15. I can't put up with _____.[A] that friend [B] that friend of yours[ C] the friend of you [D] the friend of yours16. There has been an increasing number of _____ in primary schools in the past few years.[A] man teacher [B] men teacher[C] man teachers [D] men teachers17. This is one of the issues that deserve _____.[A] being mentioned [B] mentioning[C] to mention [D] for mention18. The audience _____ excited on seeing _____favorite star glide onto the stage.[A] were… their [B] were. ..its[C] was... their [D] was....one’s19. _____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.[A] Hadn't it been for [B] Had it not been for[ C] Had it been for [D] Had not it been for20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses the speakers_____.[A] hope [B] joy [C] regret [D] relief21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Browns body, seeking to _____ the family and community there would be a thorough investigation into his death.[A] ensure [ B] insure [C] assure [D] ascertain22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of an unarmed man and its handling of the _____.[A] consequence [B] outcome [C] result [D] aftermath23. The Foreign Secretary tried to _____ doubts about his handling of the crisis.[A] dispel [IB]expel [C] repel [D] quell24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don't want to take the time to study stocks in detail or who_____ the resources to build a portfolio.[ A] deprive [B] lack yearn [D] attain25. Chris ran ____ John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck _____ easy rapport.[A] into...up [B] on... into [C] across… on [D] against. ..into26. "I am leaving the country soon, "he told a _____ convened group of reporters.[A] especially [B] particular [C] specially [ D] specifically27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the _____ ceasefire by an extra 24 hours until Tuesday at midnight[A] contemporary [B] makeshift IC] spontaneous [D] temporary28. _____ to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time on your own, you should probably ease yourself into the new arrangement by keeping a very regular schedule for several weeks.[A] Due [B] Prior [C] Related [D] Thanks29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during _____ upper-body movement.[A] valiant [B] variable [ C] vigilant [D] vigorous30. Finning is a cruel _____ in which the shark s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is thrown back to sea.[ A] reality [B] truth [C] practice [D] skill参考答案及解释：11．［A］译文：如果你不停地用一些愚的问题来打扰我，我怎么能集中注意力呢？时态题。