2020年上海地区高考英语模拟试卷

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and' the questions will be spoken only once, After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Teacher and student.B. Father and daughter.C. Manager and secretary.D. Customer and shop assistant.2. A. In a museum. B. In a taxi.C. On a bus.D. On a bridge.3. A. Get into the car.B. Carry the bags.C. Hurry to drive the car.D. Search for the bags.4. A. Reading newspapers.B. Writing up local news.C. Talking about sports.D. Putting up advertisements.5. A. She will have coffee at school.B. She will stay for breakfast.C. She loves to grab a coffee on the way.D. She needs to eat before school.6. A. He partly agrees with the woman.B. He's missed an important point.C. He considers the woman competitive.D. He's wholly been lost in a colorful life.7. A. Mary must be caught in heavy traffic.B. Mary probably will not come.C. The woman was obviously not fond of Mary.D. The woman forgot to tell Mary to come.8. A.The tennis game won't last 1ong.B. Weather forecasts are not reliable.C. They could stick to their plan.D. They'd better change their mind.9. A. Stay till tomorrow evening.B. Leave for Beijing with Jack.C. Go to the airport after work.D. Ask someone else for help.10.A. The man doesn't like his new suit.B. The new suit is a reminder for the man.C. The new suit doesn't fit the man.D. The man forgets to wear his new suit.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When youhear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following speech.11. A. Educators from South Africa.B. Teenagers fond of cooking.C. Students eager to make friends.D. Photographers around the world.12. A. Brainstorming ideas in one s group first.B. Avoiding using cooking oil.C. Sending a sample dish before May.D. Creating one's own dish.,13. A. To announce a cook competition.B. To start a cook festival on campus.C. To advertise a local cook course.D. To organize a cook show in South Africa.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14. A. Guitarists are vital to a pop group.B. Guitar tutors aren't difficult to find.C. Guitar players have more chances to travel.D. Beginners don' t make noise with the guitar.15.A. About 60 years.B. About 500 years.C. About 1000 years.D. About 2000 years.16.A. Indians played the lute with a bowB. The guitar originated in Spain.C. The sitar took root in British music.D. The Beatles relied a lot on the brass.17.A. Reasons for the popularity of the guitar.B. Some interesting facts about the guitar.C. Various kinds of guitars in the world.D. Stories of some famous guitar players.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18.A. It sells things from ancient Egypt.B. It looks like an Egyptian giant.C. It brings a feel of a different world.D. It offers a wide range of cheeses.19.A. Produced by the department store itself.B. Supplied by a nearby small town.C. Collected from the outside of the building.D. Obtained from the numerous light bulbs.20.A. Customers spend €1.5 m illion or so per day.B. Around 30.000 customers come per day.C. There is a big increase in customers and sales.D. Customer flow and sales are quite unsteady.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After I reading the I passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.To any soldierI served as a second lieutenant (少尉) in a war thirty years ago. Married for only a year and a half, I missed my wife and baby daughter a lot. In the years before cell phones and Wi-Fi, we had limited opportunities (21)________(communicate) with loved ones.One night while sitting by myself, I investigated the Any Soldier mailbox, a cardboard box with letters and packages from Americans. I chose one shoebox-size package. Inside I found about 20 greeting cards (22)________ children. At the bottom was a letter written by their teacher (23)________(explain) how her kids had put the box together and how they supported our efforts in the war. Truly touched at that very moment by this gesture, I decided to write a letter of gratitude. I thanked the teacher for (24)________ her children had done its impact on my patriotism, my morale, and, (25)________ (significantly), my uplifted faith. For security reasons, I was able to sign only my name.Around 2013, I received a Facebook friend request froma woman with (26)________ I shared no contacts.I replied that(27)________ we were friends, I could not accept her request. She responded with one question: Are you Second LieutenantBartholomew?" I replied that I had been at one time.“Dear sir, she wrote. We have never met. but thir ty years ago I was a second-grade teacher at a school in Ohio and our classroom sent a care package (28)________ (address) to ‘Any Service Member.' The thank-you letter you composed was framed and it (29)________ (post) on the wall of the school for more thans20 years. I wanted to again thank you for your service to our country.”We never spoke again, but this gracious teacher strengthened my belief in doing what my mother always taught me: Write thank. you notes (30)________ never know how many people your kindness can touch.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A. accountedB. commonlyC. definedD. determineE. eliminationF. emergencyG. infectiousH. potentialI. previouslyJ. suspectedK. symptomsMeasles (麻疹) breaks out in the NorthwestThe U.S. is experiencing outbreaks of measles, a disease it had declared eliminated years ago, largely due to a drop in vaccination (接种疫苗) rates in some communities.An outbreak in Washington state has sickened 23 people this month, mostly children under 10. Local health officials in Clark County, declared a public-health (31)________ on Friday. They also urged residents to track (32)________ symptoms and call ahead before heading to medical centers.State officials announced the (33)________ of measles from. the U.$. in 2000 thanks to a widespread vaccination program. But travelers entering the country with measles, as well as dropping vaccination rates in some states in recent years, has led to a rise in infection. Last year, there were a total of 17 outbreaks, (34)________, as three or more cases linked together, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. New York and New Jersey (35)________ for roughly half of the 2018 cases. The Clark County outbreak began early last week with three confirmed cases and has since grown to 23 confirmed and two more_ 36_. Of those cases, 20 wereunvaccinated and the others are unconfirmed.Measles is highly (37)________ the virus spreads through the ,air by coughing or sneezing, the CDC says. Early (38)________ include a high fever, cough, runny nose and red, watery eyes, followed by tiny, white spots inside the mouth and the red, bumpy rash (疹子) that people (39)________ associate with the infection. Children younger than 5 or adults older than 20 are more likely to suffer from complications, according to the CDC.In order to prevent the further spread of the outbreak, local health officials are posting times and places where residents may have been exposed. They are urging residents who. haven 't been vaccinated to (40)________ whether they have been exposed and to take appropriate action.II. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Keeping it in the familyYou understand grandmother when she talks to you, don't you, darling? The girl nods. I met her, her Japanese mother and English father on a plane to Japan. The parents were eager to (41)________ their experience of bringing up their daughter bilingually (使用双语地) in London It isn't easy: the husband does not speak Japanese, so the child hears the language only from her mother, who has come to (42)________ that the girl will reply in English. This can be painful! Not sharing your first language with loved ones is hard. Not passing it onto your own child can be especially tough. Many immigrant parents feel a sense of (43)________Children learn languages easily, but this doesn't mean that (44)________ exposure is enough. They must hear a language quite a bit to understand it- -and use it often to be able to speak it comfortably. This is mental work,and a child who doesn’t have an intention to speak a language will often avoid it. So languages often die when parents move abroad. In the past, governments discouraged immigrant families from keeping their languages.These days, officials tend to be (45)________: some even see a valuable resource in immigrants language abilities.Yet many factors ensure that children still lose their parents languages, or never learn them. A big one isinstitutional (46)________. A child's time spent with a second language is time not spent on their first. So teachers often discourage parents from speaking their languages to their children. Parents often (47)________ obey, worried about their children education. This is a(n) (48)________ for children really can master two languages or even more. Research does indeed suggest their vocabulary in each language may be somewhat smaller for a while,but other studies hint at intellectual advantages among bilinguals. They may be more skillful at complex tasks,better at maintaining attention.Even without those side effects, (49)________,a bilingual child's connection to another culture is a good thing in itself. How to (50)________? When both parents share the native language, the strategy is often to speak that at home,' and the national language outside. But when they have (51)________ languages. perhaps the most common approach is “one parent, one language”. Francois Grosjean, a lan guage expert from Switzerland, (52)________ the necessity. He recommends reserving occasions on which the only language that may be spoken is the one that needs (53)________. Sabine Little, a language expert at the University of Sheffield, puts the emphasis elsewhere.Making the native language yet anothertask (54)________ by parents can lead to rejection, she argues. She recommends letting the child form their own (55)________ I connection to the language, for languages are not just another thing to be drilled into a young mind, but a matter of the heart.41.A. concealB. publicizeC.discussD.imagine42.A. acceptB. argueC. decideD. ensure4 3. A.excitementB. inferiorityC. failureD. injustice4 4. A.momentaryB. maximumC. repeatedD. continued4 5. A lessstimulatedB. lesscontrollingC. morerelievedD. morediscouraging4 6. A.engagementB. featureC. prejudiceD. pressure4 7. A. cheerfully B. faithfully C.immediatelyD. reluctantly48.A. instanceB. shameC. ambitionD. suggestion49.A. thoughB. henceC. besidesD. otherwise5 0. A. keep it up B. carry it on C. figure itoutD. bring itabout51.A. multipleB. differentC. foreignD. target5 2. A. removes B. challenges C.emphasizesD. ignores5 3. A.preservationB. restrictionC. rejectionD. connection5 4. A.performedB. imposedC. sharedD.recommended55.A. skillfulB. powerfulC. apparentD. emotionalSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements., For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.-(A)The bus screamed to_ a stop in Nazareth. Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers questions -where was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn't pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.Why don't you travel with us?" one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotel's swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up tome because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, I've backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job Lined up.On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn't picked up the phone.56. By "My stomach was in knots" (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was________.A. sick of riding on a bumpy busB. nervous of meeting strangersC. upset about the sudden changeD. sorry 'about the impractical plan57. Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met?A. Courageous but disrespectful.B. Jobless and poorly educated.C. Warmhearted and trustworthy..D. Homeless but lighthearted.58. The author's sixth sense told her that ________.A. she would get along with the backpackersB. it might cause trouble to have a swimC. she ought to stay away from the backpackersD. it could add excitement to get a free ride59. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Most of the backpackers became the author's lifelong friends.B. The author gathered the courage to be a full time backpack traveler.C. The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.D. The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own.(B)60. Alex wants to know how to ________.A. avoid uncertain terms in writingB. use tenses properly in one sentenceC. improve grammatical skillsD. focus on clear and short sentences61. Diana reminds Rajiv that he will be severely criticized forA. tending to hold gender prejudiceB. breaking the law using Mr Men titlesfC. not characterizing enough professionsD. not running a project related to education62. Which of the following questions is not supposed to be asked if you email Diana?A. Is there a good market for traditional poems these days?B. Can you possibly evaluate my recently written novel enclosed?C. Where can I get some instructive books on writing for my son?D. How can I write an appropriate acknowledgement for my book?CStudies show that older people tend to remember the positive things in life rather than the negative things,while younger people remember the positive and negative equally well. The dominant psychological theory to explain this is that older people are aware of their limited time left, so they prioritize positive emotional experiences. But about a decade ago, I worked with biologist Robert Trivers on his idea that there was an evolutionary basis for older people's increased positive outlook. Our research took us in the fascinating direction of exploring how the body uses its energy.When our ancestors needed more energy than usual, perhaps while being chased by a tiger, they had to get that energy from somewhere in the body. Could they borrow it from the brain? That organ uses 20 percent of our metabolic (新陈代谢) output, whether we are solving math problems or watching television reruns. Due to this constant energy requirement, borrowing energy from the brain when our need- surpasses the available supply is not an option. Perhaps we could borrow energy from our muscles. Because we use far more muscle energy when we are active than when at rest, in principle, we could borrow energy when we are sitting. But the problem is that most of the energy-demanding emergenciesof our ancestors required a muscular response.There was no way to borrow energy from our muscles during an emergency because relaxing when a tiger showed up was not an effective response. This brings us to our immune system, which, when strong, protects us from many illnesses and diseases. Like the brain, the immune system works at great metabolic cost, but largely in the service of keeping us healthy, in the future. We have. an enormous number of immune cells coursing through our body, a momentary break from production is fine. So. when our body needs extra energy,one of the places it goes is our immune function. When you're being chased by a tiger, you don’t need to waste energy making immune cells to fight off tomorrow's cold. What you need is to shift all available energy resources to your legs, with the hope that you will live to experience another cough or sneeze.As a result, our immune system evolved to run in maximum amounts when we re happy, but to slowdown dramatically when we re not. With this background in mind, Trivers supposed that older people evolved a strategy of turning this relationship on its head, becoming more focused on the positive things in life in an effort to enhance their immune. functioning. This was helped along by their knowingmuch more about the world than younger adults, so they can deal with some of the unpleasant things in life more easily.63. According to Robert Trivers, when our body needs extra energy, ________A. muscles will respond to it by relaxing a little bitB. organs will speed up metabolic processes to answer itC. immune system will temporarily shut down to fulfill itD. brain will satisfy it by sharing optional metabolic output64.In paragraph 3 “this relationship" most probably refers to the one between ________A. experiences and related knowledgeB. happiness and biological evolutionC. immune function and healthD. optimism and length of life65. What can be concluded from Robert Trivers study?A. Younger people adopt strategies of handling tense situations from everyday life.B. Our ancestors evolved their immune systems in fighting against fierce animals.C. Realizing that their days are numbered, older people prefer being positive.D. Being negative drains energy from our body, lowering resistance to disease.66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Brain, muscles and immune systemB. Age, health and happinessC. Ancestors, emergency and evolutionD. Energy, effort and responseSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Spacewalk!Most people don't know that the anniversary of an important event in space exploration occurred last month. On March 18, 1965, spaceman Aleksi Leonov became the first human to complete an Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) or spacewalk It marked the first time that a human was able to leave a spacecraft and operate in the emptiness of space. It is a dangerous procedure, but one that is vital for the success of manned space missions.(67)__________ In space, a spacesuit must protect people from extreme cold and heat, provide air to breathe, and remove extra carbon dioxide._ 68_ Too much of it, and the spacesuit becomes firm and difficult to move in. Too little of it, and astronauts can become dangerously sick after returning to their spacecraft.Astronauts now perform complex jobs in the emptiness of space in modern spacesuits. They have logged many hours repairing and upgrading equipment on satellites: during EVAs. (69)___________ On July 20h, 1969,American astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time. There is no atmosphere on the moon, but there is gravity- -about 17 percent of Earth's, which means Neil needed a special suit for walking on the moon's surface. Suits for the moon are equipped for exploration far from any. vehicles, including tough boots that can resist cuts from the rough surface while walking. But sharp rocks weren't the only danger to astronauts.The moon surface is covered with a fine and flour-like dust which consists of small particles (颗粒) leftover from the numerous. meteorite RMB) strikes on the moon. (70)__________. When astronauts would leave the moon's gravity, the dust on their suits began floating all over. It got into delicate equipment inside the spacecraft and the astronaut's eyes and lungs. As different space agencies plan for returning people to the moon, new EVA suit designs will have to take something else into account. Keeping astronauts safe also means keeping their suits clean.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Holding Parents Responsible -An Unfair Punishment The rise in teen crime suggests. that some parents are failing at their parental tasks. To correct the problem,lawmakers in some states require parents to serve jail time. They hope that this punishment will motivate parents to take their responsibilities seriously.Despite public support for parental responsibility laws, many people think that the laws are unfair. They suggest that parents should not be punished for the criminal acts of their children, unless it can be shown there is a related fault on the parents part. For example, if young teenagers. are arrested for drinking alcohol supplied by parents, then parents should be held responsible because they helped the teenagers break the law.People who oppose parental responsibility laws -also believe that punishing parents is unlikely to create a change in the kids behavior. These people argue that parents may not beat fault. The children of good parents can fall in with the wrong kids and get into trouble, they say. Worse yet, if mom is in jail, there may be no one at all to control her kid.That lack of control may then lead to more crime,/The unfortunate fact is that jailing a mom ,or dad punishes the rest of the family. The jailed parent can not work to help feed the family or pay the rent. A parent who is sent to jail for the crimes of a teenager may also be fired from a job for missing too much work. Furthermore, little evidence exists to support the idea that the threat of punishment improves a parents ability to control a teenager. The problem is that some teens cannot be controlled by their parents, even if the parents try hard to control them. These struggling parents are not ignoring their parental responsibilities. Opponents of parental responsibility laws say that parents who are in this situation need help, not a jail sentence.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, usi ng the words given in the brackets.72. 窃贼一定是深夜时从窗户逃出去的。