英国概况

Northern Ireland
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1. Geography and People of Britain
Location Terrain Land use
Climate
Major cities Major tourist attractions
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Location
Western Europe.
Islands including the northern part of
the island of Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. Northwest of France.
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Climate
Lack of extremes： On the few occasions when it gets really hot or freezing cold, the country seems to be totally unprepared for it. A bit of snow and a few days of frost, and the trains stop working and the roads are blocked; if the thermometer goes above 80°F, people behave as if they were in the Sahara and the temperature makes front-page headlines.
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• Terrain
Britain has neither very high mountain ranges, nor impressively large rivers, plains or forests. But this does not mean that its landscape is boring. What it lacks in magnificence, （宏伟，壮丽） it makes up for in variety. The scenery changes noticeably over quite short distances. It has often been said that a journey of 100 miles can seem twice as far.
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ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
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Topography/Terrain（地形）
Generally speaking, Mostly rough hills and low mountains. Level to rolling plains in east and southeast.
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Rainfall: Britain has a steady reliable rainfall
throughout the whole year. The average annual rainfall in Britain is over 1,ooo mm. It is rainy and so changeable and unpredictable. One can experience four seasons in the course of a single day. Britain is famous for its fogs. The smoke-fogs of the big town, which used to develop in winter time whenever there was not enough wind to blow the smoke away, were horrible, unhealthy and dangerous to movement.
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Climate and Weather
A maritime type of climate: In Britain the
weather is rainy, changeable and unpredictable. In fact it has a favorable maritime climate. It rarely rises above 32℃ in summer or falls below –10℃ in winter. Winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.
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Climate
Rainfall: Different parts of the British Isles receive different amounts of rainfall. More rainfalls in the west and north, particular in Scotland, the Lake District and Wales. In some parts of Scotland it can rain or snow on as many as 300 days in a year. In East Anglia by contrast, Rainfall is much lower, and dry summers can receive very little rainfall indeed.
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Climate
Changeability: a bad reputation It is for the same reason why the British people always seem to be talking about the weather. There is a saying that Britain has not only a stable climate, but also a changeable weather. It may not rain very much altogether, but you can never be sure of a dry day; there can be cool (even cold) days in July and some quite warm days in January.
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Climate
Temperatures: Summers are normally not too hot with the highest temperatures rarely rising above 32°C except perhaps in the southeast. Winters are generally mild, influenced by the warm air that comes from the Atlantic Ocean. Frosts are common but the temperature rarely falls below -10°C. The difference between the average summer and winter temperature in most parts of Britain (including both day and night time temperatures) is only about 12°C.
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Climate
Generally speaking, The climate is temperate. Moderated by frequent southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current. More than one half of the days are cloudy.
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• Terrain
Overall, the south and east of the country is comparatively low-lying, consisting of either flat plains or gently rolling hills. Mountainous areas are found only in the north and west, although these regions also have flat areas.
A Survey of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
1. Geography and People of Britain
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Introduction: Abstract
In this lecture, we are going to discuss some main features of Britain. It is about the physical features such as its territory, climate, rivers and important natural resources and major big cities. We will also deal with its population, age and sex structure, ethnic groups and other related topics.
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Climate
The British Isles（岛屿） lie in the path of bad weather systems called depressions that come in from the Atlantic. These bring wind and rain, but usually mild air. For this reason, the climate of the British Isles can change from one day to the next.
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The Full Name of the British State
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)
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Land use
forest 10.4%
pasture 45.9% agriculture 24.8%
other 18.9%
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Land use
Much of the land is used for human habitation. This is not only because Britain is densely populated, but also partly because of their desire for privacy and their love of the countryside. The English and the Welsh don’t like living in blocks of flats in city centers, and the proportion of people who do so is lower than in other European countries. As a result, cities in England and Wales have been built outwards’ rather than ‘upwards’.