最新上海博物馆文物术语中英文对照

瓷器

品种

陶pottery

瓷porcelain / China

原始瓷proto-porcelain

成熟青瓷mature celadon

高温瓷high-fired glazed ware

低温陶low-fired pottery

新石器时代Neolithic Times

夹炭黑陶charcoal-mixed black pottery

印纹硬陶impressed pottery

铅釉陶lead-glazed pottery

熏炉incense burner

罐jar

单色釉monochrome glaze

彩色釉陶poly-chrome glazed pottery

颜色釉color porcelain

青白釉porcelain with a bluish-white glaze

豆青釉bean-green

建窑黑釉瓷temmokou

青瓷green ware

绿釉green glaze

白釉white glaze

红釉red glaze

青釉celadon

德化白瓷blanc de China

甜白瓷sweet white

秘色瓷secrete color celadon

定窑Ding ware

汝窑Ru ware

官窑Guan ware （还有一个官窑，意义不同，为official kiln）窑kiln

民窑folk kiln

哥窑开片crackles

三足…tri-legged

青花瓷underglaze blue design / blue and white porcelain

釉里红underglazed red

青花釉里红underglaze blue & red

釉上彩overglazed …

珊瑚红coral red glazed …

郎窑红oxblood

豇豆红cowpea-red / peach-bloom porcelain

斗彩contrasting color / designs outlined in underglaze blue and filled in with overglaze colors 五彩famille verte

粉彩famille rose

珐琅彩enamel decorate

卵白egg-white glaze

影青瓷light-blue porcelain

祭红sacrificial-red porcelain

制作工艺

胎体clay body

陶片pottery shards

弦纹… with string pattern

镂孔… with openwork design

人形… with human figure pattern

曲折纹… with zigzag pattern

圆圈纹… with ring pattern

鸟纹… with bird pattern

缠枝纹… with interlaced floral design

刻花… with carved design

划花… with incised design

堆塑… with modeled design

堆贴、贴花… with applied design

印花… with moulded design

剔花… with raffito design

几何纹… with geometric pattern

透雕openwork

露胎贴unglazed appliqué

绞胎marbled pottery

堆纹modeling

压印impressing

贴印appliqué

加彩coloring

剔地cut-off ground

剪纸贴花papercut

油滴斑oil-drop iron crystals

白地黑花black design on a white ground

元素agent (such as copper, iron)

碎片fragment

灰胎黑陶衣grey clay with a black coating

烧成温度firing temperature

光泽luster

苏麻离Smalt

黑斑speckle

粗瓷石crude China stone

涩胎瓷雕unglazed ceramic sculpture

雕刻engrave

加工refining

成型modeling

装饰decorating

烧成fining

补水water-supplying

勾线drawing

打箍hooping

分水dark-light-processing

青花料cobalt

龙窑dragon kiln

柴窑wood kiln

炉膛hearth

氧化期oxidation period

陈腐aging

揉泥kneading

拉坯throwing

修坯trimming

印模impressing

云母mica

内底interior base

支钉spur

芒口unglazed rim

碗口mouth rim

覆烧up-side-down firing

叠烧up-stacked firing

青铜器

镏金gilt bronze

爵wine vessel

鼎food vessel （所有的青铜器名称不宜用拼音介绍，最好介绍其用途）兽面纹animal mask