基于51单片机的智能路灯控制器的设计与实现

编号：

毕业设计(论文)

题目：基于51单片机的智能路灯

控制器的设计与实现

院（系）：机电工程学院

专业：电气工程及其自动化

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学号：

指导教师单位：电气工程及其自动化系

姓名：

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题目类型：☐理论研究☐实验研究☑工程设计☐工程技术研究☐软件开发

摘要

当今社会，是一个经济和科技高速发展的社会。随着经济和科技的高速发展，城市的建设也在快速发展。城市的基础设施也不断地与科技化、信息化、智能化和自动化接轨。城市照明系统是城市基础设施不可缺少的一部分。城市路灯照明系统能够发挥其作用，主要是靠路灯控制器的控制。于是，各种各样的路灯控制器就应运而生了。

目前，由于单片机具有集成度高，处理能力强，扩展能力强，可靠性高，结构简单和价格低廉等优点，它已被广泛应用到各行各业当中。近年来随着计算机在各个领域的广泛应用，单片机技术正在不断的进步。单片机技术在各个领域中起着无可替代的作用。尤其是在和控制有关的领域中，单片机技术提高了产品的智能化程度和技术水平，也降低了产品成本。现在市场上的很多智能化产品和控制类系统基本都是以单片机技术为核心的。因此，采用单片机技术来实现路灯的智能控制是一个非常可行的方法。

本文介绍了一个采用MCS-51系列单片机，相关的光电检测设备以及继电设备设计的智能路灯控制器系统。本系统实现了能根据实际光线的强度来通过单片机I/O口自动控制路灯开/关的功能。本系统还具有手动操作的功能。本系统采用NE555芯片和光敏电阻组成光电检测电路，实现对实际光照强度的检测，并传送电平信号到单片机。单片机通过对该电平信息进行运算，处理后，将输出信号传送给继电器执行电路，从而达到对路灯开关的自动控制。本系统结构简单，性能稳定，实用性强，实现了路灯的智能控制，非常具有可行性。

关键词：路灯；光电检测；单片机

Abstract

Today's society, is a rapid development of economic and technological’s society. With the rapid developed of economic and technological, urban construction has also developed rapidly. The city's infrastructure has been with the science and technology, information, intelligence and automation standards. Urban lighting system is one indispensable part of urban infrastructure . City street lighting system can play its role, is mainly controlled by the lamp controller. Thus, a variety of streetlight controller came into being.

At present, due to the MCU has the advantages of high integration, processing capability, scalability, reliability and simple structure, low cost advantages etc,it has been widely applied to all walks of life .With the computer was applied in various fields in recent years, the MCU technology is constantly progress. The MCU technology plays a irreplaceable role in all fields . Especially in the areas of about control, the MCU technology not only improve the intelligentize degree and technical level of the product, but also reduce product cost. Now the MCU technology basically as the core of many intelligent products on the market and control systems. Therefore, adopt the microcontroller technology to achieve intelligent control of streetlight is a very feasible method.

This article presents a intelligent streetlight controller system which designed by single chip of MCS-51 series, related photoelectric detection equipment and the relay equipment. The system realizes the function of according to the actual intensity of light and through the MCU I / O port to control the streetlights on / off automatically. The system also has the function of manual operation.This system uses the NE555 chip and photoconductive resistance to composition the photoelectric detection circuit,which realizes the detection on actual light and send level signals to the MCU. After the MCU calculations and processing the level information, it transfers the output signal to the relay circuit, then achieve the control of the streetlights on / off automatically.

Key words:Streetlight; Photoelectric detection;MCU