2019年翻译考试catti三级笔译模拟练习题

(完整word版)CATTI三级笔译综合能力模拟试题

模拟试题（三）笔译综合能力Section 1 Vocabulary and Grammar (60points)This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for this section is 25 minutes.Part 1 Vocabulary SelectionIn this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.Jupiter_________ perhaps the most important planet of the solarsystem.A．was B. wereC. isD. will be2. The common garden pea, also called the English pea, _________ for its edible seeds.A．grows B. is grownC. growingD. grown3. The olfactory regions of the nose are yellow, richly moist, and_________.A．fully fatty substances B. full, fatty substancesC. full of fatty substancesD. fatty substances are full4. _________, the moon is important because it is the nearest to the earth of all heavenly bodies.A．A small world is only in space B. It is only a small world in spaceC. A small world only in spaceD. Only a small world in space5. Training programs for the U.S. Peace Corps are conducted in the country or region__________ the volunteer will serve.A. andB. orC. that isD. where6. This vehicle bounced and glides along the ground_________.A. at an average speed of 40 miles an hourB. of 40 miles an hour at an average speedC. at 40 miles an hour at an average speedD. of an average speed at 40 miles an hour7. ________ famous queens in the history of England: Elizabeth I and Victoria.A. TwoB. Three are twoC. Between two areD. Are two8. ________, Charles Darwin did much to disprove common theories about biological evolution.A. He was a highly respected naturalistB. A naturalist was highly respectedC. A highly respected naturalistD. Although a highly respected naturalist9. The African killer bees could not be handled safely, nor________.A. could their honey be harvestedB. their honey could be harvestedC. harvested could their honey beD. could not their honey be harvested10. World War Ⅱis commonly acknowledged_________ some of the 20th century’s most notable poetry.A. and producedB. to produceC. to have producedD. had produced11. Playing a major role in the economic life of the United States, __________.A. women currently make up 46 percent of the work forceB. currently women make up 46 percent of the work forceC. the work force is currently made up of 46 percent womenD. 46 percent of the work force is currently made up of women12. A baby might show feat of an unfamiliar adult, ________ he is likely to smile at another infant.A. ifB. wheneverC. so thatD. whereas13. The deeper the shade of yellow of the olfactory region, _________ the sense of smell.A. is keenerB. keenerC. the keenerD. the keen14. One of the most beautiful natural wonders in the United States must certainly be the Grand Canyon, __________in Arizona.A. and locatedB. whose locationC. is locatedD. which is located15. __________ Roman mythology, god Jupiter was accepted as the most powerful one.A. LikeB. ForC. WithD. In16. Because the United States had little tin, __________ produced in the rest of the world.A. tin is usedB. it uses tinC. uses of tinD. uses tin17. Within an area of only 100 miles, Death Valley sinks to 282 feet below sea level while Mount Whitney _________ to a height of 14,494 feet.A. soaringB. soarC. soaredD. soars18. The cosmopolitan favor of San Francisco is enhanced by ___________ shops and restaurants.A. an ethnicB. its many ethnicC. its ethnicityD. ethnicity19. _________ that increasing numbers of compact-disc players will be bought by consumers in the years to come.A. They are anticipatedB. In anticipationC. AnticipatingD. It is anticipated20. Lilly made no attempt to ________ the problem.A. tackleB. tryC. undertakeD. achievePart 2 V ocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of 15 sentences. In each of them one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.21. The two companies are going to merge by the first month of the year.A. become oneB. divide into twoC. dissolveD. change owners22. The old woman is too feeble to cross the street without her nephew’s help.A. tiredB. weakC. timidD. blind23. There is no alternative, the president must approve the bill if Congress passes it.A. chance of agreementB. doubtC. other choiceD. mistake24. It is futile no argue with him once he has made up his mind.A. unpleasantB. encouragingC. helpfulD. useless25. He hurled the statue to the floor with such force that it shattered.A. droppedB. pulledC. pushedD. threw26. He is the most intrepid explorer in the present century.A. successfulB. fearlessC. reliableD. fearsome27. It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life.A. superiorB. seriousC. severeD. serene28. One symptom of the disease is a high fever.A. symbolB. signC. causeD. pain29. He was great vexed by the new and unexpected development.A. astonishedB. annoyedC. enlightenedD. contented30. The clerk had been insolent to his superior once too often; now he was without a job.A. affectionateB. rudeC. dishonestD. sly31. The picture is tilted. “Please straighten it”.A. highB. levelC. crookedD. adjustable32. His employer appeared to be in such an affable mood that Tom decided to ask for a raise.A. despondentB. irresponsibleC. agreeableD. uncertain33. At the end of the valley we turned right and made for the summit.A. headed forB. went forC. looked forD. searched for34. Her type of woman can cope with life much more easily.A. look afterB. deal withC. take care ofD. take advantage of35. He tried hard to restrain his tears from falling.A. hold onB. hold upC. hold backD. hold outPart 3 Error CorrectionThis part consists of 15 sentences. In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates an error, and below each, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer, Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.36. The average age at which people begin to need eyeglasses vary considerably.A. variesB. is variedC. will varyD. has been varied37. The dense Belgian fogs is caused by the cooling of humid surface air to a relatively low temperature.A. must causeB. will be causedC. are causedD. has been caused38. That touching toads causes warts are still one of the most widely believed superstitions in America.A. hasB. have beenC. had beenD. is39. Sir Jonas Hanway was credited for introducing the umbrella into England, but the English were slow to adopt it.A. withB. inC. asD. at40. The specific gravity of the water in the great Salt Lake is too great that one cannot sink or completely submerge in it.A. soB. veryC. suchD. indeed41. Proper lighting is a necessary for good eyesight even though human night vision can be temporarily impaired by extreme flashes of light.A. needfulB. necessityC. exigencyD. need42. Everybody wants paying properly for what they do.A. to payB. being paidC. to be paidD. to be paid for43. Don’t be late. I hate to be waiting for a long time.A. being keepingB. be keptC. to be keptD. be keeping44. People whose property is stolen should report to the police.A. had stolenB. is being stolenC. had been stolenD. has been stolen45. He didn’t to return earlier than 3 o’clock.A. was not expectedB. did not expectC. was expected notD. was not expecting46. The winner of the Nobel Prize in physics dedicated the honor to his high school physics teacher, he had been an inspiration during his early years.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that47. The voters were overwhelmingly against the candidate his proposals called for higher taxes.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD. which48. The children should say “thank you”to you when you gave them gifts.A. had saidB. be sayingC. have saidD. saying49. I locked myself out of my apartment. I didn’t know what to do. “You may call your roommate.”A. could have calledB. might have calledC. would have calledD. must have called50. He painted his bedroom black. It looks dark and dreary. He should choose a different color.A. had to chooseB. should have chosenC. must have chosenD. could have been choosing。

CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题

CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题Keep trying no matter how hard it seems. it will get easier.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的CATTI英语三级翻译考试笔译实务训练题，希望能给大家带来帮助!Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Old people in Widou Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now, miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere, but hardly any dried grass is.Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region. “The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,” Mr. Boetsch said in an interview. “The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”Since 2008, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great Green Wall. First proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a 15 kilometer-wide, 7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert. While many countries have still to start on their sections of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead,with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,” Col. Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in an interview here. Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology, medicine an d anthropology. “In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,” the colonel said. Each year since 2008, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting. In August, 1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants, allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry season sets in.After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2008 are up to three meters, or 10 feet, tall. So far, 30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000 hectares this summer. There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the Université Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France, who has placed 30 sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,” Professor Peiry said in an interview. “The trans piration of the trees creates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, reducing the dust, and acting like a large rough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,” he added. Wildlife is responding to the changes. “Migratory birds are reappearing,” Mr. Boetsch said.The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achieved its independence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals, tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into English.健康是促进人的全面发展的必然要求。

翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题汇总

翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题汇总模拟试题可以检测这段时间的备考状况，从而进行更好的备考，今天给大家带来了翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

翻译资格考试catti三级笔译模拟题【英译汉】As holidays go, Thanksgiving is in some ways the most philosophical.Today we try not to take for granted the things we almost always take for granted. We try, if only in that brief pause before the eating begins, to see through the well-worn patterns of our lives to what lies behind them..In other words, we try to understand how very rich we are, whether we feel very rich or not.Today is one of the few times most Americans consciously set desire aside, if only because desire is incompatible with the gratitude--- not to mention the abundance--- that Thanksgiving summons.【参考译文】在众多节日中，感恩节是最令人深思的节日。

今天，我们会把平时习以为常的事看得很珍贵。

至少会在饭前的片刻，看透一成不变的生活，悟出背后的道理。

换句话说，无论我们觉得自己是贫是富，我们总是把自己看得很富有，今天，难得大多数美国人会有意识地把欲望放置一边，至少拥有一颗感恩的心，更不用说是一顿丰盛的晚宴了。

2019年catti三级笔译试题及答案

2019年catti三级笔译试题及答案汉译英河南位于中国中东部，黄河中下游，东接安徽、山东，北接河北、山西，西临陕西，南临湖北，河南省面积16.7万平方公里，在全国各省市区居第17位，河南是全国第一人口大省，人口9768万人。

河南现辖17个直辖市，1个省直管市，21个县级市，89个县和48个市辖区。

2005年河南省生产总值10535.2亿元，同比增长14.1%，全省人均生产总值11236元。

二十多年来，河南省旅游业取得长足的发展。

2004年，全省共接待旅游者45万人次，旅游创汇1.6亿美元，同比分别增长138.7%与152%，累计接待国内旅游者8012万人次，国内旅游收入560亿元人民币，同比分别增长58.6%和63.8%，实现旅游总收入573亿元，同比分别增长65.2%，相当于全省GDP的7.2%。

河南既是传统的农业大省又是工业大省，河南省2007年粮食产量超过1000亿斤，连续八年居全国第一，河南省2007年GDP突破1.5万亿元，连续十年居全国第五，仅次于广东、山东、江苏和浙江，人均GDP跃居全国第16位，成为新兴的经济大省。

参考译文Henan is located in the middle and eastern part of China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, bordering Anhui, Shandong in the east, Hebe, Shanxi in the north, Shaanxi in the west and Hubei in the south. It has an area of 0.167 million square kilometers and a population of 97.68 million, ranking 17th and first respectively in China.Henan has seventeen cities under its jurisdiction, one city under its control, twenty-one county level cities, eighty-nine counties and forty-eight districts. In 2005, it had a GDP of 1053.52 billion with a year-on-year increase of 14.1% and a per-capita GDP of 11236 Yuan. Over the past more than twenty years, Henan has gained great achievement. In 2004, it received 0.45 million persons/times of tourists and got a foreign currency of 0.16 billion US. dollars with a year-on-year increase of 138.7% and 152% respectively. Henan has received 80.12 million persons/times of domestic tourists and got a domestic tourism revenue of 56 billion RMB with a year-on-year increase of 58.6% and63.8% respectively, achieving a gross tourism revenue of 57.3 billion witha year-on-year increase of 65.2%, or 7.2% of its GDP. It is a major province in terms of agriculture and industry. In 2007, Henan had a grain output exceed 50 billion kilograms, ranking first for eight successive yeas in China, and it had a GDP of 1500 billion, ranking fifth for ten successive years in China, only next to Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It has been a new emerging major province in terms of economy with its GDP ranking 16th.English-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following passage into Chinese.Passage 1Plastic and traces of hazardous chemicals have been found in。

翻译资格考试英语CATTI 三级笔译实务全真模拟题(附参考译文)

CATTI 三级笔译实务全真模拟题（附参考译文）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)第一部分：英汉翻译（50分）Translate the following passage into Chinese.①In Aaron Walsh's course on Collaborative Computing at Boston College, students learn how to work in teams to program software. It's not an easy class, but Walsh sees his students only once at the start of the semester. After that, they work in a virtual 3-D world, which Walsh - a former video game programmer - helped design. Logging in via their PCs or laptops, the professor and students interact and work together as digital avatars - just like they would in programs like Second Life, using voice - over - Internet to talk or ask questions. The class is part of a fast - growing movement to apply state - of - the - art computer - game technology to U.S. college learning. Similar experiments have been conducted at Harvard, Amherst and MIT.②Long gone are the days when “online education” meant little more than digitized correspondence courses. Today it features videos and podcasts, blogs and live chats, Webcams and wikis, and online courses are becoming ever more popular. This fall, more than 4 million students in the United States will take at least one course online, says Frank Mayadas, an expert on education technology at the Sloan Foundation in New York. America's biggest online school, the University of Phoenix, has grown from 80,000 students in 2000 to 345,000 students today and is on track to reach 500,000 by 2010.③Already popular with universities, which see such programs a way to boost enrollment and revenue, and with students, who love the flexibility and the lower tuition costs, online learning has gotten another big boost from the high price of gas, Four out of five U.S. college students now commute to campus every day, and admissions officers say fuel costs have helped push up online enrollment by 100 percent at some colleges in the past year.④Many such programs are also shedding their second-class status. Elite U.S.colleges like MIT and Stanford have begun offering a growing number of degrees online, Stanford alone now boasts more than 50 different online master's programs, most of them in engineering and science, which have no physical classroom component but which Stanford claims are just as good as its on-campus offerings. A few schools, like the State University of New York and the University of Illinois, have abolished the separation of online from campus programs entirely, awarding the same degree for both. The next step: allowing students themselves to mix and match campus and online coursework at will.⑤Employers have been slow to catch on; while 83 percent of U.S. hiring managers said in a June survey that online degrees are more accepted today than five years ago, only 35 percent considered them equal to traditional degrees. Indeed, there is no good virtual replacement yet for hands -on study in subjects like physics, biology or anatomy, which require physical contact materials. Some educators are also skeptical, complaining about the for-profit nature of many online programs and the fact that they fail to replicate free-flowing conversations. “You lose something by not having human contact,” says Anita Levy of the American Association of University Professors.⑥Yet other experts argue that Web-based learning is actually closer to students’ future on-the-job realities. “Much business is now conducted online,” says Mayadas. “Education is mimicking the way we conduct business, communicate and exchange ideas today.”⑦The future of online learning, Mayadas says, lies in “blended”programs that combine faculty face time with the flexibility of online teaching. The move to such hybrids will be driven by students questioning why they should sit in lectures taking notes three times a week when they can go once and do the rest at their own pace online. Universities and colleges, for their part, like the fact that mixed programs allow them to cut down on physical classes, saving money and creating space for more students.⑧Blended programs will also go a long way toward meeting the critics who contend that digital learning will never replace the campus experience. By combiningface -to -face interaction with new online options in more powerful ways, these programs should offer the best of both worlds - rendering moot today's debate over whether virtual or in - person degrees are best.【参考译文】①艾伦·沃什在波士顿学院开设的“协同计算”课程教学生如何以团队形式编写软件这门课不简单，但沃什只在每学期开始时见学生一次，之后都在虚拟的3D 世界授课。

2019年catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(二)

catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(二)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。

In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题More has been learned about the Moon than any other of the Earth''s neighbors in space because of the Apollo program, which enabled men to walk on the Moon and bring back hundreds of pounds of________.A rocksB rockC stoneD stones【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】近义辨析。

stone是最常用词，可指任何石头；rock指岩石，具有可研究价值，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，在此应用可数名词的复数。

第2题________the variety that the average family has in beef, fish, poultry, and vegetarian recipes, they find most meals unexciting.A In spiteB InspiteC Despite ofD Despite【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】习语辨析。

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题九

英译汉Translate the following sentence into Chinese.l. I wanted to be a man, and a man I am.2. Keeping the intricacies and complexities out of the picture, let us take the binary opposites of the rich and the poor in the global system.3. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.4. In line with the latest trends in fashion, a few dress designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.5. There had been too much publicity about their relationship.6. She was more royal than the royals.7. I've known several people who have overcome nail-biting simply by buying 50 nail files and distributing t:hem everywhere: in their pockets, desks and bedrooms.8. After the light was turned off, the rat had to wait a short time before it was released from its cage.9. Amy settles into her seat, takes out her computer and reads over the agenda for the meeting to which she's traveling.10. Some people accuse me of being rude because I always introduce myself to other people I meet on trains; but I answer by telling them that the reason for my action is not curiosity but friendliness.答案1. 我立志做一个真正的人;我现在终于成了一个真正的人。

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题八

英译汉Green Gene TechnologyFor the past 10,000 years humans have influenced the plants they use at first unknowingly, later by design. Today's crops have been created by a process of selection and classical breeding.More specific improvements in breeding will be possible in future.Science has cracked the genetic information code. Green gene technology is an effective tool in crop breeding, enabling us to develop new crops even more rapidly and specifically. We can make them more efficient, optimizing their contents and valuable substances to suit the wishes and requirements of customers and the processing industry. Their metabolism can be individually modified, making them produce starch, protein and fats with special properties. Through gene transfer plants can be made more resistant to viruses, bacteria, harmful fungi and insect pests.Genetically modified plants can be cultivated to possess improved stress behavior, with the result that they absorb water better in dry locations and can make more efficient use of soil nutrients. We can also optimize weed control. To do so, we make crops tolerant to environmentally sound and easily degradable herbicides. This is not as simple as it sounds. But we have been successful: Innovator has been on the Canadian market since 1995.This is the first oilseed rape variety to contain the glufosinate tolerance gene, facilitating the use of AgrEvo's broad-spectrum herbicide liberty.We are committed to green gene technology, with which we aim to make crop breeding even more efficient and environmentally friendly. Before being brought on to the market these genetically modified plants are researched and tested for years until the questions posed regarding their safety have been answered. This is a great opportunity for us to realize our vision: the use of faster methods to breed varieties which will continue to provide us with sufficient food and raw materials in future. Our fossil reserves will soon be exhausted. Experts estimate that we only have enough oil for another 43 years and natural gas for less than 60.This means we must rethink and act accordingly, using new crop varieties to step up the move to replenishable sources of raw materials and energy. In other words, green gene technology is the key technology for sustainable agriculture.答案绿色基因技术在过去一万年中，人类改变了他们所利用的农作物。

2019年catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(二)

catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(二)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。

In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题More has been learned about the Moon than any other of the Earth''s neighbors in space because of the Apollo program, which enabled men to walk on the Moon and bring back hundreds of pounds of________.A rocksB rockC stoneD stones【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】近义辨析。

stone是最常用词，可指任何石头；rock指岩石，具有可研究价值，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，在此应用可数名词的复数。

第2题________the variety that the average family has in beef, fish, poultry, and vegetarian recipes, they find most meals unexciting.A In spiteB InspiteC Despite ofD Despite【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】习语辨析。

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题六

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题六Translate the following passage into Chinese.Tourism, Globalization and Sustainable Development Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the global economy and developing countries are attempting to cash in on this expanding industry in an attempt to boost foreign investment and financial reserves. While conceding that the uncontrolled growth of this industry can result in serious environmental and social problems, the United Nations contends that such negative effects can be controlled and reduced.Before getting into the cold facts of global economics, let me begin with another story to warm up. I was perplexed when I recently read in the newspaper that Thailand's forestry chief had said: "Humans can't live in the forest because human beings aren't animals. Unlike us, animals can adapt themselves to the wild or any environment naturally. "This was to legitimatize the government's plan to remove hundreds of thousands of rural and hill tribe people from protected areas. This man, who is in charge of conserving the forests, is at the same time very strongly pushing to open up the country's 81 national parks to outside investors and visitors in the name of "eco-tourism". Can we conclude, then, that the forestry chief considers developers and tourists as animals that know how to adapt to the forest and behave in the wild naturally?While authorities want to stop the access to forest lands and natural resources of village people, another group of people - namely tourism developers and tourists with lots of money to spend - are set to gain access to the area. While authorities believe that local people, who have often lived in the area for generations, are not capable of managing and conserving their land and natural resources - under a community forestry scheme for example - they believe they themselves in cooperation with the tourist industry can properly manage and conserve "nature" under a national eco-tourism plan. Taking the above quote seriously, cynics may be tempted to say there is obviously a gap between "human rights" and "animal rights".How is this story linked to globalization? First of all, that humans cannot live in the forest is - of course - not a Thai concept. It is a notion of Western conservation ideology - an outcome of the globalization of ideas and perceptions. Likewise, that eco-tourism under a "good management" system is beneficial to local people and nature is also a Western concept that is being globalized. In fact, Thailand's forestry chief thinks globally and acts locally. A lesson that can be learned from this is that the slogan "Think Globally, Act Locally" that the environmental movements have promoted all the years, has not necessarily served to preserve the environment and safeguard local communities' rights, but has been co-opted and distorted by official agencies and privateindustries for profit-making purposes. The tourism industry is demonstrating this all too wellMany developing countries, facing debt burdens and worsening trade terms, have turned to tourism promotion in the hope that it brings foreign exchange and investment. Simultaneously, leading international agencies such as the World Bank, United Nations agencies and business organizations like the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) have been substantially involved to make tourism a truly global industry.However, tourism in developing countries is often viewed by critics as an extension of former colonial conditions because from the very beginning, it has benefited from international economic relationships that structurally favor the advanced capitalist countries in the North. Unequal trading relationships, dependence on foreign interests, and the division of labor have relegated Door countries in the South to becoming tourism recipients and affluent countries in the North to the position of tourism generators, with the latter enjoying the freedom from having to pay the price for the meanwhile well-known negative impacts in destinations.答案旗游、全球化与可持续发展旅游是全球经济中一个快速增长的领域，因而发展中国家正努力从这一快速增长的产业中获利，以促进海外投资、增加金融储备。

2019年CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三)

CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。

In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A rather thanB other thanC bigger thanD more than【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析] 习语辨析。

A．rather than胜于；B．other than不同于，除了；C．bigger than大于；D．more than多过……，不止……，……以上；如：The consequence was much more than he imagined．结果远超过他的想象。

本句意为：营销不仅仅是将货物从生产者向最终客户的分配。

因此选D。

第2题The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A by accidentB at randomC on occasionD on average【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析] 习语辨析。

2019年翻译考试catti三级笔译模拟练习题

2019年翻译考试catti三级笔译模拟练习题汉译英“一个国家，两种制度”是中国政府为实现国家和平统一而提出的基本国策。

按照“一国两制”方针，中国政府通过与英国政府的外交谈判成功解决历史遗留的香港问题，于1997年7月1日对香港恢复行使主权，实现了长期以来中国人民收回香港的共同愿望。

香港从此摆脱殖民统治，回到祖国怀抱，走上了与祖国内地优势互补、共同发展的宽广道路。

香港回归祖国后，“一国两制”由科学构想变成生动现实。

中央政府严格按照香港基本法办事，认真履行宪制责任，坚定支持香港特别行政区行政长官和政府依法施政;香港特别行政区依法实行高度自治，享有行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权，继续保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式不变，法律基本不变，继续保持繁荣稳定，各项事业全面发展。

“一国两制”在香港日益深入人心，得到包括香港同胞在内的全国人民的衷心拥护和国际社会的广泛好评“一国两制”作为一项新生事物，需要在实践中持续探索、开拓前进。

回顾总结“一国两制”在香港特别行政区的实践历程，全面准确地理解和贯彻“一国两制”方针政策, 有利于维护国家主权、安全和发展利益，有利于保持香港长期繁荣稳定，有利于继续推动“一国两制”实践沿着准确的轨道向前发展。

参考译文“One country, two systems” is a basic state policy the Chinese government has adopted to realize the peaceful reunification of the country. Following this principle, the Chinese government successfully solved the question of Hong Kong through diplomatic negotiations with the British government, and resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong on July 1, 1997, fulfilling the common aspiration of the Chinese people for the recovery of Hong Kong. As a result, Hong Kong got rid of colonial rule and returned to the embrace of the motherland, and embarked on the broad road of common development with the mainland, as they complemented each other’s advantages.Hong Kong’s return to the motherland turned “one country, two systems” from a scientific concept into vivid reality. The central government strictly adheres to the Basic Law of Hong Kong, earnestly performs its constitutional duties and stands firm in supporting the administration of the chief executive and the government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) in accordance with the law. The HKSAR exercises a high degree of autonomy in accordance with the law, and is vested with executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication. The previous capitalist system and way of life remain unchanged, and mostlaws continue to apply. Hong Kong continues to prosper, its society remains stable, and full development is being witnessed in all undertakings. The “one country, two systems” policy enjoys growing popularity in Hong Kong, winning the wholehearted support from Hong Kong compatriots as well as people in all other parts of China. It is also thought highly by the international community.“One country, two systems” is a new domain in which we constantly explore new possibilities and make new progress in pioneering spirit. A summary of the policy’s implementation in the HKSAR, and a comprehensive and correct understanding and implementation of the policy will prove useful for safeguarding China’s sovereignty, security and development interests, for maintaining long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong, and for further promoting the “one country, two syst ems” practice along the correct track of development.。

2019年11月Catti英语三级笔译真题和翻译答案

2019年11月Catti英语三级笔译真题和精编翻译答案In today’s interconnected world, culture’s power to transform societies is clear. Its diverse manifestations - from our cherished historic monuments andmuseums to traditional practices and contemporary art forms - enrich oureveryday lives in countless ways. Heritage constitutes a source of identity andcohesion for communities disrupted by bewildering change and economicinstability. Creativity contributes to building open, inclusive and pluralisticsocieties. Both heritage and creativity lay the foundations for vibrant, innovativeand prosperous knowledge societies.在当今这个彼此紧密关联的世界，文化对社会的改造力度有目共睹。

从我们珍视的历史遗迹与博物馆，到形形色色的传统习俗与当代艺术形式，文化的表现形式丰富多样，其以各种各样的方式，将我们的日常生活装点地多姿多彩。

文化的承袭问题因此就成为了身份认同与社区凝聚力的源头，但同时，又因为受到种种令人困惑的变化以及来自经济的动荡不安，从而使得文化的承袭遭受震荡。

所以，文化创意有助于建设一个兼容并包与允许多元化存在的社会。

文化承袭与文化创意一道，为营造一个活力满满、不断创新与繁荣兴旺的知识型社会奠定了牢固的基石。

2019年翻译资格考试《三级笔译综合能力》模拟试卷

Section 1(Part 1 Vocabulary Selection)(In this part, there are 20 incomplete each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D the word which best completes each is only ONE right the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET)by the scale of the job, Lesley______planning how each room should outoffabout【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见"s trust in government is necessary and______for building a harmonious【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见Section 1(Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement)(This part consists of 20 each of them one word is underlined，and below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B,C and D the word that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the is only ONE right the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.)effects of soil nutrient factors on potato yield and commodity rate were studied in different ecological【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见collapse of the bank is an ominous reminder of the fragility of the worlds banking【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见Section 1(Part 3 Error Correction)(This part consists of 20 each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error，and below each，there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B，C and D the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is is only ONE right the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.)was a very interesting remark in a book by a German that I read recently being given what was a reason for this Americangive【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见was a smile on her face which suggested that she would be happy to have given her life for her bebe【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见Section 2 Reading Comprehension(In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with4 (A, B, C and D) choices to answer the question or complete the statement You must choose the one which you think fits best Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.)to UNICEF, around 564 million Indians, nearly half the population, still defecate in the open — in fields, forests, next to ponds, along highway medians and on the beach. That spreads diseases and causes other public and personal problems. It is no accident that "Toilet" opens with a beautifully lit scene of women trudging out of their village right before sunrise, each one carrying a little brass jug of water to wash with. They are traveling in a group for safety. Rural women sometimes endure taunts and even sexual assault when they relieve themselves outdoors, so they travel in small groups, often before dawn, for protection. “This is a real problem，” said Jagmati Sangwan，a women’s rights advocate. “So many women, especially landless women, face a lot of violence when they go to the bathroom outside.” To avoid being leered at during the day, some women hold on for hours for darkness to fall. Waiting that long can create health problems, particularly for pregnant women, who are highly susceptible to urinary tract infections, experts say. A recent study found a troubling correlation between pregnant mothers who had no toilet facilities and low birth weight. Not helping matters, hard-liners with the governing Bharatiya Janata Party, or have photographed women who relieve themselves outside in an effort to shame this year, a man who stood up for such women was beaten to death. Government officials say they have spent $4 billion to help install 50 million toilets so far, building community latrines and providing subsidies for people to put them in their homes. The Modi government runs a website bestowing on top-performing villages a special “ODF”(Open Defecation Free) status. Their efforts have earned praise abroad. Bill Gates, the billionaire co-founder of Microsoft, wrote on his blog: “I can’t think of another time when a national leader has broached such a sensitive topic so frankly and so publicly. Even better, Modi backed up his words with actions.” But Mr. Modi’s detractors say there may be more emphasis on image than deed, and that in many areas party apparatchiks are so eager to fall in line with the prime minister's directives that they are putting up latrines that are not connected to sewers or septic systems. Several businessmen in New Delhi said government agencies are in such a rush that they are awarding contracts left and right with little oversight and often to businesses that know nothing about sanitation. According to Indian news reports, countless rupees have disappeared in shady toilet deals. Sanitation specialists say that with less than 5 percent of India’s nearly 8,000 cities and towns having sewage treatment plants, it is far from clear where all the waste will go. “There’s a blind scramble to make a toilet，whether it is usable or not,” said Bezwada Wilson, an official with the Sanitation Workers' Movement, an advocacy organization. “It has become a business，and resulted in the corporatization of the toilet.”【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见death of Diana, Princess of Wales, on Aug. 31, 1997, shook Britain and the New York Times asked journalists who covered Diana and the deadly car accident, which also killed her companion, Dodi Al-Fayed, and their driver, Henri Paul, to share their memo and reflections. Diana was considered disloyal and unhinged, an unguided missile, when she went on the BBC in 1995 to talk of her emotional distress. ('There were three ofus in this marriage, so it was a bit crowded.")In a sign of how much things have changed, William and Harry are marking the anniversary by speaking publicly about her, with royal approval. Her death also marked a turning point in the history of Britons5 relationship to their own ids, ushering in an era in which people have new license to express themselves and feelings can weigh more heavily than reason, Mr. Freedland said. “The reaction to her death is a preview of the Brexit landscape, in which emotion trumps expertise，”he said.“It was a shock to people — we didn't think it was part of the British mind-set — and now, after Brexit, you can see there was something growing there, a willingness to give two fingers to the experts.”(Instead of using their middle fingers, Britons use what is known as a two-fingered salute.) ?Public opinion polls suggest nobody is particularly fond of Prince Charles, who at 68 is still waiting for his chance to become king. But they also show that the royal family, led by the seemingly indestructible 91-year-old queen，endures as a comforting unifying thread，providing a constitutional underpinning for a nation whose quirks include the fact that it has no written constitution. “The royal family is key to our constitution,”, Geordie Greig, editor of The Mail on Sunday, which publishes its share of royal-related articles, said in an email. “It provides a permanent and historical foundation going back more than 1,000 years.” The pomp and circumstance of its spectacles — the weddings of Charles and Diana and of William and Kate; the funeral of Diana — unify the country “with a familial heartbeat that also resonates around the world,” he added. At the very least, the royal family provides a gossipy distraction for a nation fretting about where it belongs and where it is going in this fraught era of Brexit. When is Harry going to propose to his girlfriend, Meghan Markle, and does it matter that she is Canadian,describes herself as mix race and is an actress How disappointing is it that, at 35, William has already lost much of his hair How expensive was Kate's sister's very big, very fancy engagement ring Not everyone loves the royal family. Clearly anyone who visits Diana's memorial fountain in Kensington Gardens is part of a self-selecting group, hardly a representative sample of public opinion. But a recent stop there showed how Diana, even after all this time, remains part of the conversation. “I feel bad for Diana, the way they treated her” said Kristina Landgraf, a German tourist. t6She was a good person, she was kicked out of the royal family, and tried to have a personal life.” Visitors to Buckingham Palace said that the royal family held a fascination, even for those who are not really a royal family sort of person.【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见Section 3 Cloze Test(In the following passage, there are 20 blanks representing words that are missing from the the passage，each blank has 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D is only ONE right the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.)someone who researches generational differences, I find one of the most frequent questions I’m asked is “What generation am I in” If you were born before 1980, that’s a relatively easy question to answer: the Silent Generation (91) born between 1925 and 1945; baby boomers were born between 1946 and 1964; Gen X followed (born between 1965 and 1979). Next (92) millennials, born after 1980. But where do millennials end, and when does the next generation begin Until recently, I (and many others) thought thelast millennial birth year would be 1999 — today's 18-year-olds. (93), that changed a few years ago, when I started to (94) big shifts in teens’ behavior and (95) in the yearly surveys of 11 million young people that I analyze for my research. Around 2010, teens started to spend their time (96) differently from the generations that (97) them. Then, around 2012, sudden shifts in their psychological well-being began to appear. Together, these changes pointed to a generational cutoff around 1995, (98) meant that the kids of this new, post-millennial generation were already in college. These teens and young adults all have one thing in common: Their childhood or adolescence (99) with the rise of the smartphone. A 2015 survey found that two out of three . teens owned an iPhone. (100) this reason, I call them iGen, and as I explain in my new book “iGen: Why Today’s Super-Connected Kids are Growing up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy —and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood”，they’re the first generation to spend their adolescence with a smartphone. What makes iGen different Growing up with a smartphone has (101) nearly every aspect of their lives. They spend so much time (102) the internet,texting friends and on social media — in the large surveys I analyzed for the book, an average of about six hours per day — that they have less leisure time for (103) else. That includes (104) was once the favorite activity of most teens: (105) with their friends. Whether ifs going to parties, shopping at the mall, watching movies or aimlessly (106) around, iGen teens are participating in these social activities at a (107) lower rate than their millennial predecessors. iGen shows another pronounced break with millennials: Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have shot (108) since 2012, with happiness declining. The teen suicide rate increased (109) more than 50 percent, (110) did the number of teens with clinical-level depression.【正确答案-参考解析】：参加考试可见焚题库，是基于大数据的人工智能算法研发而成的考试题库，专注于根据不同考试的考点、考频、难度分布，提供考试真题解析、章节历年考点考题、考前强化试题、高频错题榜等。

2019年CATTI三级笔译实务练习题：赢得尊严

【导语】⽔滴⽯穿，绳锯⽊断。

备考英语翻译资格考试，也需要⼀点点积累才能到达好的效果。

为您提供“2019年CATTI三级笔译实务练习题：赢得尊严”，欢迎阅读参考！更多相关讯息请关注！英译汉Winning RespectBy making it into the second round, Korea has grown up as a nation.1BY HANNAH BEECHNo matter what mom said, it's never just a game. 2 Football is about ego, respect, national pride. South Korea, for one, has turned the sport into a quest for its very identity, its hopes captured in the cheer that rings through the nation's World Cup stadiums: "Great Republic of Korea."3 A country often consigned to an after-thought in East Asia is out to prove that it, too, matters. 4 Last week, it did so, by gliding through to the second round with skill and flair. That singular achievement, though, was not just about Korea's arrival as a football force but as a self- confident adult nation to be taken seriously. 5 Sandwiched between economic giant Japan and rising superpower China, Korea has always shouldered an inferiority complex. When the country won the right to co-host the World Cup, it saw a chance to showcase itself - particularly to Japan, its neighbor, and the U. S., its often- contentious ally.6 officials plugged Korea as Asia's most wired nation, and touted the country's capital as being as hip and caffeinated as any modern metropolis. 7 Said bleached-haired midfielder Kim Nam II on the eve of Korea's 2002 debut: "We want to show we are a team - and a nation - that can compete with the best, and win."8The squad began with a historic triumph over sluggish Poland, then found itself face to face with the U.S. Korea's relations with America have long seesawed between peace and peril.9 Although America fought on the side of the South during Korea's civil war, the 37,000 U. S. troops still stationed in the country have strained relations with their hosts. 10Perhaps the most contentious issue in modern U. S. -Korea relations stems from a little-known pastime called short-track speed skating. Earlier this year at Salt Lake City, the nation's top hope Kim Dong Sung was disqualified for blocking a U. S. skater. In a move that most Koreans consider fixed, the American, Apolo Anton Ohno, took the gold instead. 11 He's since been voted the most unwelcome foreigner in a Korean poll. When Korean midfielder Ahn Jung Hwan headed the ball home in the 77th minute of the U. S. -Korea match to tie the score l-1 and keep the country's hopes of advancement alive, his post-goal showboating gave way to the sweeping arm motions of a speed skater. 12 "People felt bad about the Ohno incident," says Ahn. "I wanted to fix that. "1-3 Score one for Korean pride.The nation's next big test came in a do-or-die match on Friday night, when South Korea faced a star-studded side from Portugal. The Koreans needed at least a draw to guarantee advancing further in the Cup. Just hours before, Japan had qualified for the second round by dispensing with the hapless Tunisians. The possibility that Japan would advance while Korea stayed behind horrified the nation. Japan, after all, has perennially looked down upon its smaller neighbor, and brutally occupied it from 1910 to 1945.Since then, Korea feels like it has been stuck playing catch-up to the world's second-largest economy.It needn't have fretted. In the 69th minute of the match, midfielder Park Ji Sung deftly executed one of the prettiest strikes of the Cup. As fire-works flashed overhead, more than 400,000 citizens poured onto the streets of Seoul to celebrate. Only one thing could possibly put a damper on the beer-soaked crowds14: the U. S. too had advanced to the second round, preciselybecause Park's goal had relegated the Portuguese. But for once, the Koreans felt no twinge of insecurity. "We are both powerful now," says 36-year-old reveler Lee So Jung. "We can celebrate together." For the Koreans, victory has brought maturity.词汇1.consign to交付，移交，被2.flair天才，本领，实⼒3.midfielder中场队员4.squad⼩队，球队5.short-track speed skating短道速滑6.head the ball home头球破门7.tie the score将⽐分扳平8.post-goal进球后的，得分后的9.dispense击败10.put a damper on使……扫兴11.relegate淘汰，使归属于较低的地位或状况注释1.By making it into the second round，Korea has grown up as a nation:直译为“通过打⼊第⼆轮，韩国作为⼀个国家成熟了”。

三级笔译模拟试题及答案

三级笔译模拟试题及答案一、词汇翻译（共20分，每题1分）1. 请将下列中文词汇翻译成英文：- 可持续发展- 人工智能- 国际贸易- 一带一路- 绿色经济2. 请将下列英文词汇翻译成中文：- Sustainable development- Artificial intelligence- International trade- Belt and Road Initiative- Green economy二、句子翻译（共40分，每题4分）1. 中译英：- 随着科技的不断进步，我们的生活变得更加便捷。

- 教育是提高一个国家整体素质的关键。

2. 英译中：- With the continuous advancement of technology, our lives have become more convenient.- Education is the key to improving the overall quality of a nation.三、段落翻译（共40分，每题20分）1. 中译英：- 当今世界，经济全球化已经成为不可逆转的趋势。

各国之间的贸易和投资日益频繁，文化交流也日益密切。

然而，全球化也带来了一些挑战，如环境问题、贫富差距等。

2. 英译中：- In today's world, economic globalization has become an irreversible trend. Trade and investment between countriesare becoming increasingly frequent, and cultural exchangesare also becoming closer. However, globalization has also brought some challenges, such as environmental issues and the wealth gap.四、翻译实践（共100分，每题50分）1. 中译英：- 随着互联网技术的飞速发展，电子商务已经成为现代经济的重要组成部分。

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题二

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题二英译汉Globalization for Change in Higher Education What is globalization and how does it affect higher education policy and academic institutions? The answer is deceivingly simple and the implications are surprisingly complex. 1 For higher education, globalization implies the social, economic, and technological forces that shape the realities of the 21st century. These elements include advanced information technology, new ways of thinking about financing higher education and a concomitant acceptance of market forces and commercialization, unprecedented mobility for students and professors, and other developments. Significantly, the idea of mass access to higher education has meant unprecedented expansion of higher education everywhere - there are about 134 million students in postsecondary education 2 worldwide, and many countries have seen unprecedented and sustained expansion in the past several decades. These global trends are for the most part inevitable. Nations, and academic institutions, must constructively cope with the implications. 3Massificationmassification 4 is without question the most ubiquitous global influence of the past half century or more. 5 The United States had thefirst mass higher education system, beginning as early as the 1920s. Europe followed in the 1960s, and parts of Asia a decade or so later. The developing countries were the last to expand. Most of the growth of the 21st century is taking place in developing and middle-income countries. North America, Europe, and a number of Pacific Rim nations now enroll 60 percent or more of the relevant age group 6 in higher education. What has massification brought?Public good vs. private good. 7 Stimulated in part by the financial pressures of massification and also by broader changes in economic thinking, including the neoliberal agenda, 8 higher education is increasingly considered in economic terms a private good - a benefit accruing mainly to individuals who should pay for it rather than a public good that contributes benefits to society and thus should be financially supported by the state. 9Varied funding patterns. For most countries, the state has traditionally been the main funder of higher education. Massification has placed great strains on state funding, and in all cases governments no longer believe they can adequately fund mass higher education. Other sources of funding need to be found - including student tuition and fees ( typically the largest source) , a variety of government-sponsored and private loan programs, university income generating programs ( such as industry collaboration or consulting) , and philanthropic support.Decline in quality vs. conditions of study. 10 On average in most countries, the quality of higher education has declined. In a mass system, top quality cannot be provided to all students. 11 It is not affordable, and the ability levels of both students and professors necessarily become more diverse.University study and teaching are no longer a preserve for the elite - both in terms of ability and wealth. While the top of a diversified academic system may maintain its quality 12 (although in some countries the top sector has also suffered), the system as a whole declines.Globalization of the Academic MarketplaceMore than 2 million students are studying abroad, and it is estimated that this number will increase to 8 million in a few years. Many others are enrolled in branch campuses and twinning programs. 13 There are many thousands of visiting scholars and postdocs studying internationally. Most significantly, there is a global circulation of academics. Ease of transportation, IT, the use of English, and the globalization of the curriculum have tremendously increased the international circulation of academic talent. Flows of students and scholars move largely from South to North - from the developing countries to North America and Europe. And while the "brain drain" of the past has become more of a "brain exchange", with flows of bothpeople and knowledge back and forth across borders and among societies, the great advantage still accrues to the traditional academic centers at the expense of the peripheries. Even China, and to some extent India, with both large and increasingly sophisticated academic systems, find themselves at a significant disadvantage in the global academic marketplace. For much of Africa, the traditional brain drain remains largely a reality.词汇1.globalization全球化2.academic institution学术机构3.concomitant相伴的，随之而来的4.mobility流动性，移动性5.ubiquitous普遍存在的，无所不在的6.stimulate刺激，促使7.accrue(通过自然增长、积累)产生，形成8.philanthropic慈善的，慈善事业的9.diverse不同的，多种多样的，形形色色的10.elite出类拔萃的人(或物)，精英11.brain drain人才外流12.brain exchange人才交流13.periphery外围，边缘14.at a disadvantage处于不利地位注释1.deceivingly的字面意义为“具有欺骗性地”，可根据汉语习惯译为“看似”、“看起来似乎”。

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题二

2019年翻译资格考试catti三级笔译实务试题二英译汉Globalization for Change in Higher Education What is globalization and how does it affect higher education policy and academic institutions? The answer is deceivingly simple and the implications are surprisingly complex. 1 For higher education, globalization implies the social, economic, and technological forces that shape the realities of the 21st century. These elements include advanced information technology, new ways of thinking about financing higher education and a concomitant acceptance of market forces and commercialization, unprecedented mobility for students and professors, and other developments. Significantly, the idea of mass access to higher education has meant unprecedented expansion of higher education everywhere - there are about 134 million students in postsecondary education 2 worldwide, and many countries have seen unprecedented and sustained expansion in the past several decades. These global trends are for the most part inevitable. Nations, and academic institutions, must constructively cope with the implications. 3Massificationmassification 4 is without question the most ubiquitous global influence of the past half century or more. 5 The United States had thefirst mass higher education system, beginning as early as the 1920s. Europe followed in the 1960s, and parts of Asia a decade or so later. The developing countries were the last to expand. Most of the growth of the 21st century is taking place in developing and middle-income countries. North America, Europe, and a number of Pacific Rim nations now enroll 60 percent or more of the relevant age group 6 in higher education. What has massification brought?Public good vs. private good. 7 Stimulated in part by the financial pressures of massification and also by broader changes in economic thinking, including the neoliberal agenda, 8 higher education is increasingly considered in economic terms a private good - a benefit accruing mainly to individuals who should pay for it rather than a public good that contributes benefits to society and thus should be financially supported by the state. 9Varied funding patterns. For most countries, the state has traditionally been the main funder of higher education. Massification has placed great strains on state funding, and in all cases governments no longer believe they can adequately fund mass higher education. Other sources of funding need to be found - including student tuition and fees ( typically the largest source) , a variety of government-sponsored and private loan programs, university income generating programs ( such as industry collaboration or consulting) , and philanthropic support.Decline in quality vs. conditions of study. 10 On average in most countries, the quality of higher education has declined. In a mass system, top quality cannot be provided to all students. 11 It is not affordable, and the ability levels of both students and professors necessarily become more diverse.University study and teaching are no longer a preserve for the elite - both in terms of ability and wealth. While the top of a diversified academic system may maintain its quality 12 (although in some countries the top sector has also suffered), the system as a whole declines.Globalization of the Academic MarketplaceMore than 2 million students are studying abroad, and it is estimated that this number will increase to 8 million in a few years. Many others are enrolled in branch campuses and twinning programs. 13 There are many thousands of visiting scholars and postdocs studying internationally. Most significantly, there is a global circulation of academics. Ease of transportation, IT, the use of English, and the globalization of the curriculum have tremendously increased the international circulation of academic talent. Flows of students and scholars move largely from South to North - from the developing countries to North America and Europe. And while the "brain drain" of the past has become more of a "brain exchange", with flows of bothpeople and knowledge back and forth across borders and among societies, the great advantage still accrues to the traditional academic centers at the expense of the peripheries. Even China, and to some extent India, with both large and increasingly sophisticated academic systems, find themselves at a significant disadvantage in the global academic marketplace. For much of Africa, the traditional brain drain remains largely a reality.词汇1.globalization全球化2.academic institution学术机构3.concomitant相伴的，随之而来的4.mobility流动性，移动性5.ubiquitous普遍存在的，无所不在的6.stimulate刺激，促使7.accrue(通过自然增长、积累)产生，形成8.philanthropic慈善的，慈善事业的9.diverse不同的，多种多样的，形形色色的10.elite出类拔萃的人(或物)，精英11.brain drain人才外流12.brain exchange人才交流13.periphery外围，边缘14.at a disadvantage处于不利地位注释1.deceivingly的字面意义为“具有欺骗性地”，可根据汉语习惯译为“看似”、“看起来似乎”。