国际商务管理3

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THE UN & BUSINESS
Projects involving cooperation between United Nations & the Private Sector - Food and Agriculture - International Labour Organisations - International Telecommunications - International Environmental Programs - United Nations Children’s Fund - World Health Organisation (WHO) (Refer to your reading 3.2 for further details)
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COOPERATION BETWEEN NATIONS
On completion of this topic, you should be able to: Explain the role of the international monetary system in promoting international trade and international business Describe the historical evolution of the modern global/international monetary system Distinguish between fixed and floating exchange rates
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International Institutions
The purpose of International Institutions: Regulatory Advisory Sources of information Sources of finance Sources of jobs
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W.T.O. – WORLD TRADE ORGANISTION
A multinational organisation designed to deal with rules of trade between nations. W.T.O. (an organisation) superseded GATT (an agreement) 1/1/95 W.T.O. sets rules governing trade between members W.T.O. has power to hear and resolve disputes 153 members (July 2008)
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E.U. – EUROPEAN UNION
Became - E.U. by name change in 1993 2004 – 24 members Launch of the euro in Jan 1999 Composed of world’s richest markets Population of 452 members
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O.P.E.C. – Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Oil exporting nations of the world Very Powerful group Control petroleum prices 14 member nations – all are developing nations – most are in the middle east – 3 in Africa. There are other oil exporting nations that are not members – Mexico; Norway; Russia; United Kingdom. OPEC's objective is to co-ordinate and unify petroleum policies among Member Countries, in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers; an efficient, economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry.
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W.T.O TRADING SYSTEM PRINCIPLES
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W.T.O. – WORLD TRADE ORGANISTION
W.T.O. – 3 PRIMARY GOALS 1. Promote trade flows by encouraging nations to adopt non-discriminatory trade policies 2. Reduce remaining trade barriers through multilateral negotiations 3. Establish impartial procedures for resolving trade disputes among members
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E.U. – EUROPEAN UNION
Established as European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957 (at Treaty of Rome) - origins of the EU -Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands- sought to promote peace and prosperity through economic and political cooperation (www.europa.eu). World’s most significant trading block
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O.E.C.D. – Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
International organisation of primarily developed countries Dedicated to promoting economic expansion in member nations Often called the ―RICH MAN’S CLUB‖ – composed of 30 of the richest nations in the world Publishes resource materials on international business and economic subjects Member nations seek answers to common problems
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United Nations
Secretary General Ban Ki-moon in Khartoum 03/09/2007
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THE UN & BUSINESS
The United Nations and Business site provides information on partnerships and alliances between the UN and the private sector and foundations in furtherance of the UN Millennium Development Goals. It provides guidelines for doing business with the UN and links to web sites of UN offices, agencies, funds and programmes, which have information about partnerships with the Private Sector and with foundations.
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U.N. - UNITED NATIONS


International organisation of 192 member-nations Dedicated to promotion of peace Many business functions Responsible for the creation of much international law Seeks basic human rights for all people Headquarters in New York International Court of Justice – The Hague in the Netherlands Who is the Secretary General?
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SOME OF THE ORGANISATIONS WE WILL EXAMINE
U.N. (United Nations) O.E.C.D. (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) O.P.E.C. (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries) W.T.O. (World Trade Organisation) E.U. (European Union)
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COOPERATION BETWEEN NATIONS
On completion of this topic, you should be able to: Discuss the role played by the IMF and World Bank in the international monetary system Discuss why the international business manager needs to pay close attention to balance of payments figures and statistics Discuss the implications for international business arising from this cooperation between nations
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
COOPERATION BETWEEN NATIONS TOPIC 3
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Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
COOPERATION BETWEEN NATIONS
On completion of this topic, you should be able to: Discuss the role and purpose of key international organisations, specifically with regard to promoting international trade and international business Appreciate the impact and influence various key international institutions and agreements have on international business Explain, with examples, the purpose of regional trade agreements between countries