2002年在职英语试题及答案

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2002年江苏省成人学士学位英语考试试卷及答案详细解析

2002年江苏省成人学士学位英语考试试卷ENGLISH QUALIFICATION TESTFOR A BACHELOR’S DEGREE(Nov.2002)Paper OnePartⅠListening Comprehension(15minutes15%)(共15题略)Part II Reading Comprehension:Directions:There are some reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and write down the corresponding letter in the Answer Sheet.I hear many parents complaining that their teen-age children are rebelling,I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents.You should be learning to stand on your own two feet.But take a good look at the present rebellion.It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents.（86）Instead of striking out boldly on their own,most of them are clutching at（attempting to seize）one anothers hands for reassurance.They claim they want to dress as they please.But they all wear the same clothes.They set off in new directions in music.But somehow they all end up crowded round listening to the same record.Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon（蚕茧）---into a larger cocoon.It has become harder and harder for a teen-ager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way.Industry firmly carved out a teen-age market.These days every teen-ager can learn from the advertisements what a teen-ager should have and be.And many of todays parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children.All this adds up to a great barrier for the teen-ager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing over.The path is worth following.You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party.You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records.You may have some thoughts that you don care to share at once with your classmates.Well,go to it.Find yourself.Be yourself.Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are.Thats the only kind of popularity that really counts.16.The authors purpose writing this passage is to tell____.A)readers how to be popular in with aroundB)teen-agers how to learn to decide things for themselvesC)parents how to control and guide their childrenD)people how to understand and respect each other17.According to the author,many teen-agers think they are brave enough to act on their own,but, in fact,most of them____.A)have much difficulty understanding each otherB)lack confidenceC)dare not cope with problems single-handedD)are very much afraid of getting lost18.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A)There is no popularity that really counts.B)What many parents are doing is in fact hindering their children from finding their own paths.C)It is not necessarily bad for a teen-ager to disagree with his or her classmates.D)Most teen-agers claim that they want to do what they like to,but they are actually doing the same.19.The author thinks of advertisements as____.A)convincing B)influential C)instructive D)authoritative20.During the teen-age years,one should learn to____.A)differ from others in as many ways as possibleB)get into the right season and become popularC)find ones real selfD)rebel against parents and the popularity wavesThe greatest recent changes have been in the lives of women.During the twentieth century there was an unusual shortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children.A woman marrying at the end of the19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children,of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.By the time the youngest was fifteen,the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years,during which custom,chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.Today women marry younger and have fewer ually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has the care of children,her work is lightened by household appliances（家用电器）and convenience foods.（87）This important change in women’s way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position.Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity and most of them took a full-time job.However,when they married,they usually left work at once and never returned to it.Today the school-leaving age is sixteen,many girls stay at school after that age,and though women tend to marry younger,more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born.Many more after wads,return to full or part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with both husband and wife accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfaction of family life,and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money and running the home,according to the abilities and interest of each of them.21.According to the passage,it is now quite usual for women to________.A.stay at home after leaving schoolB.marry men younger than themselvesC.start working again later in lifeD.marry while still at school22.We are told that in an average family about1990________.A.many children died before they were fiveB.the youngest child would be fifteenC.seven of eight children lived to be more than fiveD.four or five children died when they were five23.Many girls,the passage says,are now likely to________.A.marry so that they can get a jobB.leave school as soon as they canC.give up their jobs for good after they are marriedD.continue working until they are going to have a baby24.One reason why the women of today takes a job is that she.A.is younger when her children are old enough to look after themselvesB.does not like children herselfC.need not worry about food for her childrenD.can retire from family responsibilities25.Nowadays,a husband tends to.A.play a greater part in looking after the childrenB.help his wife by doing most of the houseworkC.feel dissatisfied with role in the familyD.take a part-time jib so that he can help in the homeHe slept for a good six hours,and the sun was high when he awoke.As he sat up and yawned a pair of strong hands seized his shoulders,and in a moment his wrists were tied tightly together behind his back.He turned and stared into Bronco’s hairy face.“What’s this?”he said. The old man tested the knots before answering.“Orders,Black Peter’s changed his mind.Until we can check on you.”Martin swore loudly,then asked if he could talk to Black Peter.Branko shook his head.“He’s busy.”Martin was seized by despair.Now all his plans might fall unless he could gain the confidence of Black Peter.After some thought he stood up and walked to the mouth of the tunnel.Branko followed.The grassy hollows were alive with men busy with their various duties.There must have been a stream somewhere nearby,for a long line of men were taking their horses to the water;others were setting up tents and lighting fire.(88)Immediately opposite was another tunnel at the entrance of which stood two guards armed with guns.Behind them Martin made out the giant form of Black Peter.“There he is,”he said.“I must talk to him.”Branko tried to stop him,but he pushed him aside,walked to the mouth of the tunnel and called out:“Black Peter!I must talk to you.”The leader of the White Eagles was seated on a wooden box,deep in conversation with two rough-looking men.“What is it?”he said.“Why are you checking on me?”Martin replied.“I need to be sure bout you,”said Black Peter.“There’s too much to close.”He pointed into the tunnel,and Martin saw the wooden boxes that he guessed must contain the gold bars.“Is that the treasure?”he asked.Black Peter stood up,struggling between his desire for secrecy and an obvious pride in the success of his plans.“Yes,”he said at last.26.Martin’s night’s rest.A.was disturbedsted less then six hourssted more than six hoursD.was suddenly cut short27.What happened as soon as Martin woke up?A.Branko struck him.B.He was made a prisoner.C.Branko checked that he was still tied up.D.He was taken off to speak to Black Peter.28.The success of Martin’s plans now depended on his.A.escaping from the tunnelB.finding the treasureC.discovering who the leader of the White Eagles wasD.persuading Black Peter that he could be trusted29.When he got to the mouth of the tunnel,Martin saw men.A.in fairly large numbersB.fetching water from the streamC.packing up camp and getting ready to leaveD.resting in small groups30.Black Peter finally admitted that the boxes contained gold because.A.he was so satisfied with what he had doneB.he had decided to trust MartinC.he saw that he could no longer keep it a secretD.he knew that Martin could not escapeAt present,in many American cities especially,many teachers in the public schools say they are underpaid(少付工资的).They point to jobs such as secretary or truck driver,which often pay more to start than that of the teacher.In many other fields,such as law,medicine,computer science,a beginning worker may make more than a teacher who has taught for several year. Teaching has never been a profession that attracted people interested in high salaries.(89)It is by history a profession that has provided rewards in addition to money---the satisfaction of sharing knowledge,of influencing others,of guiding young people.But in the past several years,there are more difficulties in teaching,for many,than there are rewards.Unruly(不守秩序的)students,especially in big cities,large classes and a lack of support from the public in terms of money and understanding have led many public school teachers to leave the profession.(90)As a result,many of the best students,who would have chosen teaching as their life career in the past,are going into other fields.Another reason for this change in teacher candidates(申请求职者)is the changing status of women in the United States.Until the late1960s and1970s,one of the most popular choices for women was teaching.But as other professions,such as law and medicine opened up to women, women stopped pouring into teacher training programs.Thus,a major pool of excellent candidates for the teaching profession dwindled(减少).31.Which of the following can give us a true picture of jobs in the United States?A.People in most professions usually get the same pay at the beginning.B.A beginning worker in medicine earns less than one in any other field.C.A beginning teacher earns as much as a truck driver who has worked for several years.D.A teacher with several years’teaching experience can’t make as much as a new lawyer.32.The writer points out the present situation of teaching,that is,_____.A.teaching is a profession that can always attract best students to work inB.teaching can provide rewards as well as high salariesC.teachers work hard and make a small income compared to workers in many other jobsD.teachers are no longer underpaid33.Many public school teachers turn to other professions because of_____.A.the unruly students and large classesB.the difficulties of teaching as well as a lack of money,support and understandingC.the attracting power of other jobsD.a lack of satisfaction of sharing knowledge and influencing others34.Which of the following is not a reason that influences women in their decision to become teachers?A.he How much income the job can pay.B.Changing status of women.C.Less housework for women to do.D.More professions opened up to women.35.The writer believes that change in teachers’status in the United States___.A.is not greatB.needs timecks support from the governmenD.influences people’s attitudesPartIII Vocabulary and structure:Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are4choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.36.As is well-known,he is at organizational work.A.adoptB.adaptC.adeptD.adequate37.A completely new situation will when the new examination system comes into existence.A.ariseB.riseC.raiseD.arouse38.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because their crops were.A.at stakeB.at handC.at largeD.at ease39.They are twins and look very.It is not easy to tell one from the other.A.sameB.alikeC.likeD.likely40.People living in that busy street complain of the traffic noises which them at night.A.annoyB.preventC.disturbD.interfere41.We welcome rain,but a(n)large amount of rainfall will cause floods.A.extensivelyB.extremelyC.speciallyD.constantly42.In the region the dry season is long and severe,and the annual rainfall is only about30 cm.A.mediumB.basicC.fundamentalD.average43.In spite of the thunderstorm,the children slept all night.A.noisilyB.ignorantlyC.naturallyD.soundly44.We shall have an opportunity to exchange tomorrow.A.voicesB.viewsC.visionsD.minds45.He had deceived a great many people but the young woman him at first sight.A.saw intoB.looked intoC.saw throughD.looked through46.Although they had a quarrel the other day,Peter and Jim are now on friendly terms.A.as usualB.as soonC.as normalD.an well47.Hospital doctor don’t go out very often as their work all their time.A.takes awayB.takes overC.takes inD.takes up48.Three hours passed,and we were still unable to John of his son’s guilt.A.convincermC.warnD.run out of49.Can you give me a light for my cigarette?I have my matches.A.got out ofB.run out ofC.got away ofD.got rid of50.The novel ended happily,and the young couple were married in the.A.finalB.closingC.endD.conclusion51.It is only by that you see me here.I ought to be in the office for the time being.A.surpriseB.incidentC.mistakesD.accident52.When a fire at the National Exhibition in London,at least ten priceless paintings werecompletely destroyed.A.broke offB.broke outC.broke downD.broke up53.The room was empty,but Tom still felt that was watching him in the dark corner.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody54.Whenever she met with difficulties in her study,she would her brother.A.owe toB.turn toC.see toD.take to55.I’m very busy.I can’t three days away from work.A.spendB.standC.offerD.afford56.Most animals have little connection with animals ofdifferent kind unless they kill them for food.A.the/aB.不填/aC.the/theD.不填/the57.The news of victory spreading far and wide.A.areB.have beenC.isD.were58.is too much for a little boy to carry.A.A bike’s weightB.Bike’s weightC.The weight of a bikeD.The weight of bikes59.I’ve brought you flowers for your birthday.A.fewB.a fewC.littleD.a little60.do you think is the best pupil in Class One?A.WhatB.WhomC.WhoD.Of whom61.London has a large population in the United KingdomA.than any cityB.than other citiesC.than all the citiesD.than all the other cities62.It is not the tools a scientist uses but now he uses them that him a scientist.A.makeB.makesC.madeD.will make63.She was told the examination on Friday.A.would be givenB.will be givenC.to be givenD.is given64.Mr.Li be in Beijing because I saw him in town a few minutes ago.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.may notD.isn’t able to65.The reason he was late for class was he missed the bus.A.whyB.whatC.howD.thatPart IV Cloze.Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are4choices marked A,B,C and D under the passage.You should choose the one that best fits into the passage.Public buses running on Beijing’s streets are more eye-catching compared with their former dull color.66,five or six years ago,when many other Chinese cities began to67 their public buses with68advertisements,Beijing remained unmoved,allegedly69 of consideration for maintaining the stately grace of the capital.But Beijing’s‘lofty posture’did not70long under the pressure of the market economy. Since1993,most public buses have been71with brightly colored ads,many featuring 72images.Public transportation companies were the first group73from the move.The No.300Busalone has annually744million yuan of ad earnings to its company.At the same time, business people are happy to find a comparatively cheap,75widely influential,advertising medium.Advertising on buses,a form quickly accepted by Beijing residents,adds a new76 line to the city,instead of77the capital’s image.The Chinese attitude towards advertisements has changed greatly.78from sight for a long period,commercial ads reappeared in1979,but they were79.Today,however,advertisements are80entering daily life.More and more urban residents are becoming accustomed to81shopping information in this way.82 recent years,the Beijing TV Station83an advertising program,TV Market.The diverse,84forms and practical contents have enabled it to gain high ratings.Advertising is no longer considered non-essential.It is now a major part of the tertiary sector, 85special government attention.66.A.Therefore B.However C.So D.While67.A.decorate B.draw C.perform D.confirm68.A.bright B.gloomy C.colorful D.free69.A.because B.part C.regardless D.outst B.extend C.carry D.detach71.A.wrapped up B.made up C.taken up D.given up72.A.optimistic B.striking C.deluxe D.fake73.A.entertaining B.handicapping C.benefiting D.judging74.A turned out B.turned in C.turned back D.turned over75.A.yet B.so C.for D.or76.A.sight B.scene C.scenery D.scenic77.A.making B.damaging C.revealing D.disappearing78.A.Vanished B.Vanishing C.To vanish D.Having vanished79.A.welcomed B.praised C.considered D.cold-shouldered80.A.decreasingly B.increasingly C.mainly D.importantly81.A.acquire B.be acquired C.acquiring D.being acquired82.A.In B.From C.On D.Around83.A.carried unched C.appeared D.freighted84.A.live B.alive C.lively D.alike85.A.receive B.receives C.received D.receivingPaper TwoPart V Translation(15minutes15%)Directions:Translate the following sentences into Chinese86．Instead of striking out boldly on their own,most of them are clutching at（attempting to seize）one anothers hands for reassurance.87.This important change in women’s way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position.88.Immediately opposite was another tunnel at the entrance of which stood two guards armed with guns.Behind them Martin made out the giant form of Black Peter.89.It is by history a profession that has provided rewards in addition to money---the satisfaction of sharing knowledge,of influencing others,of guiding young people.90.As a result,many of the best students,who would have chosen teaching as their life career in the past,are going into other fields.Part VI WritingDirections:For this part,you are allowed25minutes to write a composition about“Adult Education”in three paragraphs.Your composition should cover the information provided and meet the requirements below.You are given the first sentence of each paragraph and are required to develop the idea in completing the paragraph.年度某地区成人教育学生总数19887,263199216,579199852,305 Requirements:1.Interpret‘Adult Education’in the following table;2.Predict the tendency of the adult education and give your reasons.You should write this composition on the Answer SheetAdult EducationAs is shown in the table,we can see clearly that more and more people are receiving adult education..There are some major reasons for the increase..In spite of what is mentioned above,there are some problems in adult education.2002年答案详细解析The keys and analysis in detail-2002Part II Reading Comprehension我听到很多家长抱怨说他们十几岁的孩子特犟。

2002年在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2002年在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.7 billion. Should that happen, it won’t be the 【B6】______ of the enlightened women of Kerala, a state in southern India. 【B7】______ India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year, Kerala’s population is virtually 【B8】______ . The reason is no mystery: nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control, 【B9】______ about 40% in the entire nation. The difference 【B10】______ the emphasis put on health programs, 【B11】______ birth control, by the state authorities, 【B12】______ in 1957 became India’s first elected Communist 【B13】______ . And an educational tradition and matrilineal (母系的) customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get 【B14】______ good schooling. While one in three Indian women is 【B15】______ , 90%of those in Kerala can read and write. Higher literacy rates 【B16】______ Family planning. “Unlike our Parents, we know that we can do more for our children if we have 【B17】______ of them,” says Laila Cherian, 33, who lives in the Village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself 【B18】______ three children--one below the national 【B19】______ of four. That kind of restraint (抑制, 克制) will keep Kerala from putting added 【B20】______ on world food supplies.56．【B1】______A．discoveredB．circulatedC．launchedD．transmitted正确答案：C解析：该句意为“中国开展了计划生育”，表示“开展”需要用launch。

2002年全国成人高等学校统一考试英语试题(含答案)

2002年全国成高等学校统一考试试题、参考答案（英语） Phonetics (10 points)Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or lettercombinations marked A,B,C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that isdifferent from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I.1. A. back B. safely C. table D. strange2. A. rare B. square C. care D. are3. A. taught B. caught C. laughter D. daughter4. A. white B. whisper C. whose D. wheel5. A. kick B. resist C. silver D. April6. A. anxious B. answer C. angry D. angle7. A. cover B. crop C. create D. cycle8. A. dumb B. establish C. debt D. doubtful9. A. easy B. reply C. simply D. highly10. A. express B. extra C. expert D. exportII. Vocabulary and Structure (40 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there arefour choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence andblacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I.11. It’s the first turning the left after the traffic lights.A. byB. inC. onD. for12. of them knew about the plan because it was secret.A. SomeB. AnyC. No oneD. None13. It’s very kind invite me to your birthday party.A. from you toB. of you toC. by you toD. that you14. I pulled the handle I could.A. so hardly asB. as hardly asC. so hard asD. as hard as15. Tom, together with his family, to see us tonight.A. is comingB. are comingC. comesD. come16. those books do you want?A. What areB. Which ofC. Which areD. What17. Last Sunday had a picnic in Beihai Park.A. John, Mary and meB. John, I and MaryC. John, Mary and ID. I, John and Mary18. The garden requires .A. wateringB. being wateredC. to waterD. having watered19. All that can be done .A. have been done B. have done C. has been done D. has done20. I know nothing about him he is a teacher.A. besidesB. in additionC. except forD. except that21. You never told us why you were late for the party, ?A. weren’t youB. didn’t youC. had youD. did you22. He’s to know the answer.A. likelyB. probableC. maybeD. probably23. I knew him better, I discovered that my impression had been right.A. WhichB. AsC. UntilD. Unless24. The heavy snow could not keep us going out to work.A. fromB. onC. uponD. up25. They found the lecture hard .25. They found the lecture hard .A. to be understoodB. to understandC. for understandingD. to have been understood26. I learned how to a bicycle when I was six years old.A. driveB. rideC. pullD. draw27. It the village where we spent our holidays last summer.A. reminds me ofB. reminds me toC. remembers me ofD. remembers me to 28. All the afternoon he worked in his study with the door .A. to lockB. lockingC. lockedD. lock29. He is so shy that he speaks in the public.A. oftenB. frequentlyC. seldomD. sometimes30. It isn’t quite that he will he present at the meeting.A. certainB. sureC. rightD. exact31. He told her nothing, upset her.A. thatB. for whichC. about whichD. which32. It’s too expensive for me. I can’t it.A. spendB. costC. payD. afford33. Would you like me the radio a bit?A. turning downB. to turn downC. turn downD. turned down34. “I saw Mary in the library yesterday?”“You her, she is still in hospital.”A. mustn’t have seenB. could not seeC. can’t have seenD. must not see 35. It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big of feet.A. pairB. sizeC. coupleD. number36. Jack works so hard as he dreams owning his own house soon.A. toB. withC. ofD. on37. There are about 70 people in the accident.A. were killedB. who killedC. killingD. killed38. I suppose I can count you for help in this matter.A. ofB. onC. atD. to39. Watch your step, you might fall into the water.A. orB. andC. unlessD. but40. Hardly his speech when he saw the audience rise as one.A. had he finishedB. did he finishC. he finishedD. he had finished41. The reason I’m writing is to tell you about a party on Sa turday.A. becauseB. whyC. forD. as42. I didn’t know what to do but then an idea suddenly to me.A. happenedB. enteredC. occurredD. hit43. The tailor made him a new .A. clothesB. wearC. dressD. suit44. If you want his address, you will have to the number in the book.A. look intoB. look upC. look throughD. look after45. a raincoat with you in case it rains.A. BringB. FetchC. TakeD. Hold46. “ lately? I have not seen you for quite some time.”A. Where were you goneB. Where did you goC. Where were you goingD. Where have you been47. Such a device he was given proved almost worthless.A. asB. likeC. thatD. which48. the friendship between our two peoples last forever!A. CouldB. MayC. WouldD. Must49. My car is not so fashionable as .A. he’sB. heC. hisD. his’50. Linda at the dance tonight, nor will Peter.A. can’t beB. will beC. may not beD. won’t beIII. Cloze (20 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I. When I was a boy, children always objected 51 wearing school uniform but teachers were 52 on it because they said all of us looked 53 . Otherwise, they said, children would compete with 54 and the poorer children would be unhappy because people would see how poor they were. In recent years, however, many schools have 55 the idea of making children wear uniform but funnily enough, now that children can wear 56 they like, they have adopted a uniform of their own. When some journalists visited a London school, they found that all the boys and girls were dressed in jeans (牛仔裤). One girl said she would rather die than wear a coat instead of a jersey (运动套衫) because 57 wants to look different 58 the other children in the class. Parents may not be as happy about this as children, but they 59 to be, because this new kind of uniform is one that the children like, not something they have been forced to wear, and it is also 60 cheaper than school uniform used to be.51. A. against B. to C. for D. on52. A. warm B. eager C. keen D. interested53. A. same B. like C. as D. alike54. A. each other B. another C. themselves D. others55. A. waited for B. taken off C. put out D. given up56. A. that B. which C. what D. as57. A. anyone B. no one C. none D. someone58. A. than B. that C. from D. to59. A. ought B. should C. would D. had60. A. a lot B. very C. more D. a lot ofIV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSER SHEET I.Passage OneAs you are students of English, it’s very possible that you’ll be interested in England.That’s where the language was first spoken. But England is often called by other names. This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these names mean. So, now I would like to tell you about this matter of names. I believe that you have heard people use the names—England, Britain or Great Britain. Let’s see what each of the se names means.If you look at a map of Europe, you’ll see a group of islands—one larger island off the northwest coast, one smaller and many tiny ones. These make up what is called the British Isles (不列颠群岛). The largest island of the British Isles is Britain. It is also called Great Britain. The smaller island is Ireland (爱尔兰).Britain is divided into three parts: Scotland, Wales and England. But sometimes the Word “England” is used instead of “Britain”. Why so?In ancient times, what is Britain now used to be three different countries. People in These different countries spoke different language. Over many years the three countries became one. England is the largest and richest of the three and it has the most people. So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands for the whole island.There’s another thing that confuses people: sometimes you may hear people say “the Untied Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. That is offic ial name of the country. Northern Ireland is only one sixth of the island of Ireland. The rest of the island is an independent state, called the Republic of Ireland. So we have the names of “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, and “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. Now do you know what each of them means?61. English was first spoken in .A. BritainB. EnglandC. Great BritainD. Ireland62. Britain is divided into .A. England, Britain, and WalesB. England, Scotland, and WalesC. Wales, Scotland, and Great BritainD. Great Britain, Wales, and Scotland63. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Wales is the richest of the threeB. Scotland is the largest of the threeC. Sometimes English is used instead of BritainD. Britain is the only name of the largest island of British Isles64. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is .A. part of BritainB. part of British IslesC. the official name of the whole country EnglandD. the largest country of all mentioned in the passage65. Which of the following is an independent country?A. WalesB. ScotlandC. Northern IrelandD. The Republic of IrelandPassage TwoEvery year just after Christmas the January Sales start. All the shops reduce their prices and for two weeks, they are full of people looking for bargains. My husband and I do not normally go to the sales as we don’t like crowds and in any case are short of money as we have to buy lots of Christmas st year, however, I took my husband with me to the sales at the large shop in the center of London. We both needed some new clothes and were hoping to find a television set. When we got to station. So I left my husband and started looking around the shops. Unfortunately all the clothes were in very large sizes and so were not suitable for me. But I did buy a television at a very cheap price, so Ifelt quite pleased with myself.When I arrived at the station, my husband was not there. So I sat down in a nearby cafe to have a cup of tea. I quickly finished my tea when I saw my husband and went out to meet him. He looked very happy. Then I saw he was carrying a large and heavy cardboard box. “Oh, dear!” I thought. Yes, we had no new clothes but two televisions. We shall not be going to the sales again.66. In January .A. lots of people goshopping for discountB. people have a lot of money to spend after ChristmasC. all the shops close for a two-week Christmas holidayD. people don’t have enough money to go looking for bargains67. In this passage, the word “bargain” could best be replaced by “something ”.A. given to peopleB. offered at a reduced priceC. offered, sold or bought which isexpensiveD. sold for the purpose of reaching an agreement68. The husband and wife in the story .A. wished to buy a TVB. went to the sales the year beforeC. often went to the sales to buy clothesD. were usually not short of money after Christmas69. The phrase “split up” in the second paragraph means “ ”.A. break apartB. cause to breakC. become piecesD. go indifferent directions70. After their day’s shopping, they .A. were happy with their bargainsB. had got everything they wantedC. got more than they had hoped forD. had to go back to the sales the next dayPassage ThreeSome people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence (真谛) of sport —the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford tothink about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible for entire nation’s hopes, dreams and reputation.A good example is the football Word Cup. Football is the world’s most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention Argentina (阿根廷) to someone and the chances are that he’ll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map.Sports fans and supporters get quite unreasonable about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country wassomehow important after they won in 1966. Last year thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.So, am I arguing that international competitionkills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinian really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skillful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really, But it’s nice to know that you won and that in one way at least your country is the best.71. What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?A. To explain the role of sportB. To compare Scotland with ArgentinaC. To show that Argentina is better than all othersD. To prove that football is the world’s most important sport72. I n the second paragraph, the word “summit” means “ ”.A. awardB. summaryC. highest pointD. mountain top73. According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because of its .A. obvious position on the mapB. successes in the football World CupC. excellence at most important sportsD. large number of sports fans and supporters74. According to the passage, if a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will .A. fail to succeedB. lose enjoymentC. be successfulD. be unreasonable75. What is the author’s attitude towards international games?A. Nations that meet on a football field are unlikely to meet on a battlefieldB. Nations that win the football World Cup are regarded as best in all aspects.C. Nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least.D. Nations that give much attention to international competitions are world-famous in many ways.Passage FourWhen the TV viewer turns on his set, what sort of programs does he have to choose from? You might think there would be more programs devoted to entertainment thanto anything else, but that’s not the case. In most countries, fewer than 20% of broadcasting hours are devoted to entertainment. U.S. figures are high——34.8%，and the funlovig Canadians are even higher with 44%. Except Canada and Italy, all countries give more broadcasting time to education than to either information (news, documentaries and so on) or entertainment programs. Of course, few educational broadcasts take place during peak viewing times. In Japan though, more than 60% of broadcasting time is taken up with education of one kind of another- just another example of the businesslike Japanese philosophy. In the U.K., the figure is 56.4%. The Italians have fewer educational programs than anyone else. They don’t go in for entertainment either. Only about ten percent of viewing time is devoted to dramas and serials, quiz shows, music, sports, etc. You will find more news information programs on Italian TV tha n anything else. That’s understandable in a country experiencing social and political changes. Italians rely on TV to tell them what’s going on ——and events are happening almost too fast to follow. The percentage of time the U.S. devoted to news and documentary programs is much smaller. After education, most TV time is given to entertainment. Many of these programs are shown around the world.76. Based on this passage, the percentage of TV broadcasting hours devoted to education is greatest in .A. JapanB. ItalyC. CanadaD. the United States77. More news information programs are broadcast on Italian TV than anywhere else because the Italians .A. are interested in what is happening in the worldB. like to undergo social and political changesC. prefer to learn news information on TV rather than in newspapersD. expect TV to tell them the latest news about what is going on in their country78. So far as the broadcasting hours devoted to entertainment are concerned, .A. the Japanese figure is the highest in the worldB. the U. S. figure is smaller than the U.K. figureC. the U.K. figure is second to the Japanese figureD. the Canadian figure is higher than that of any other country79. From this passage, we learn that most TV stations in the world devoted more broadcastinghours to .A. educational programsB. entertainment programsC. news information programsD. dramas, serials, music, sports and so on80. In the United States, .A. TV programs are shown for world audience to watchB. most of TV broadcasting hours are given to entertainmentC. educational programs are shown during peak viewing timesD. TV broadcasting hours devoted to education are more than those devoted to entertainment第II卷V.Translation (20 points)Directions: There are five sentences in Chinese in this part. Put them into English.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET II.81．我认为他们不会推迟这次旅行的。

02年英语二级考试答案

02年英语二级考试答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. A) What's the weather like today?B) How much is the shirt?C) Can you speak Chinese?D) Where is the nearest bank?答案：C2. A) He is a student.B) He is a teacher.C) He is a doctor.D) He is a lawyer.答案：A3. A) At 8:00 a.m.B) At 9:00 a.m.C) At 10:00 a.m.D) At 11:00 a.m.答案：B4. A) She is going to the cinema.B) She is going to the library.C) She is going to the supermarket.D) She is going to the park.答案：C5. A) He will take a train.B) He will take a bus.C) He will take a taxi.D) He will take a plane.答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 16. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A) The company was founded in 1980.B) The company has branches in 5 countries.C) The company employs over 1000 people.D) The company specializes in software development.答案：D7. What is the main purpose of the passage?A) To advertise a new product.B) To introduce the company's history.C) To announce a new partnership.D) To provide information about job opportunities.答案：BPassage 28. What does the author suggest about the benefits of reading?A) It can improve memory.B) It can reduce stress.C) It can increase knowledge.D) It can improve sleep.答案：C9. Which of the following is not a reason mentioned for reading?A) For entertainment.B) For academic purposes.C) For social status.D) For personal development.答案：C三、词汇与语法（共20分）10. The teacher asked the students to ________ the essay in two days.A) hand onB) hand outC) hand inD) hand over答案：C11. She is ________ to win the competition.A) possibleB) probableC) likelyD) probable答案：C12. The meeting will be held ________ next week.A) sometimeB) some timeC) sometimesD) some times答案：A13. He ________ the book but he doesn't remember where he put it.A) has readB) had readC) readD) was reading答案：B14. The weather is getting ________ colder.A) muchB) moreC) veryD) quite答案：A四、翻译（共15分）15. 请将下列句子翻译成英文：“他每天早晨都去公园跑步。

2002-2007年在职英语试题及答案详解(对话交流)

对话交流2007年在职英语试题及答案详解Paper OneDialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points}Part I Dialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: I'd like to arrange a meeting to discuss our new plan. Are you free tomorrow?Speaker B: __A. I couldn't agree more.B. I'm quite sure of it.C. If only I hadn't had a prior engagement.D. I'm afraid I'm not available until Friday.2. Speaker A: Professor Lee, can I come to see you about my presentation this evening?Speaker B: __A. Yes. Is 8 o'clock a convenient time?B. Fine. Please come by bus No. 2.C. No. Never mind.D. Oh, That's my pleasure.3. Speaker A: Thank you so much for the wonderful dinner. Tom and I really enjoyed it.Speaker B: __I'm glad you made it. B. You're quite welcomeI like share with others. D. You’re always best friends.4. Speaker A: Well, I have to get back to the office now. It’s been really nice talking to you.Speaker B: ____ See you.A. Glad to meet you.B. Nice talking to you.C. I'll be right back.D. You shouldn't leave.5. Speaker A: I'm afraid I failed the math exam.Speaker B: ,it's not really that had, is it?A. Oh, yeahB. No wonderC. There nowD. No goodSection B Dialogue ComprehensionDetritions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET witha single line through the center.6. Man: David really has an eye for beauty.Woman: You can say that again.Question: What does the woman mean?A. David has good eyesight.B. She agrees with the man.C. The man should praise David moreD. The man has said too much about David.7. Man: Why do you want to move out? You really have a happy life. I do envy you.Woman: You don't know that I have been over-protected by my mother these years. I want to spread my own wings.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She doesn't love her mother.B. She wants to be independent.C. She actually envies the man.D. She doesn't like family life.8. Woman: Bill, I want to have a few words with you about your performance in class lately.Man: I know I've gone down. I just haven't been studying as much as I ought to.Question: What is Bill's problem?A. He doesn't like to perform in class.B. He doesn't work hard enough.C. He has gone away lately.D. He feels depressed.9. Woman: Are you prepared for the exam tomorrow?Man: Oh, yeah, the exam will be a piece of cake.Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman should take the exam.B. The woman shouldn't be concerned.C. He is not worried about the examD. He enjoys taking exams.10. Man: Are you sure Bob and Tim will come to help today?Woman: No problem. They're men of their words.Question: What does the woman want to tell the man?A: Bob and Tim will keep their promise. B. Bob and Tim are good speakers.C: Bob and Tim will be on the woman's side. D. Bob and Time are very helpful.答案详解：Part I Dialogue Communication1-10．DABBCBBBCA2006年在职英语试题及答案Paper OneDialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Part I Dialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a .single line through the center.1. Speaker A: Excuse me, but can you tell us where the conference room is?Speaker B: ____ The conference room is located on the third floor of the hotelA. Of course, sir.B. Yes, please.C. Right, sir.D. You are welcome.2. Speaker A: ____Speaker B: I'm running a temperature, and feel sick.A, What can I do for you? B. What seems to be the trouble?C. What are you doing these days?D. How long has this been going on?3. Speaker A: Nancy, you look very well.Speaker B: Thank you, Jane. You look wonderful too. Your weekend swimming must have done good to you.Speaker A: ____A. You think so? That's encouraging.B. That's very kind of you.C. Are you serious? Thank you anyway.D. Are you kidding? I don't believe it.4. Speaker A: It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.Speaker B: Well, you know what they say: __A. There is no smoke without fire.B. Practice makes perfect.C. All roads lead to RomeD. No pains, no gains.5. Speaker A: Don't you smoke?Speaker B:A. No. Nothing interests me less than smoking.B. Yea I have never smoked in my life.C. No. Only once in a while.D. Yes. And I hate others smoking in my face.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET witha single line through the center.6. Woman: I just found out at registration that the creative writing class is full. Now I have to wait a whole year to get in.Man: Why don't you check back after the first week? Somebody might drop it.Question: What does the man suggest the woman should do?A. Make sure the registration office didn't make a mistake.B. Decide whether to drop the course next week.C. Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D. T ake the course next year.7. Woman: I want to talk with Tom now.Man: You can't do that. He is in a bad mood.Question: Why can't the woman talk to Tom now?A. Tom is terribly iii.B. Tom is in low spirits.C. Tom is bad-tempered.D. Tom is very nervous.8. Woman: You often complain a lot about your boss. But today you are different.Man: We had a heart-to-heart talk and I saw him with new eyes.Question: What does the man mean?A. He saw his boss as a real person for the first time.B. He is now complaining in a different way.C. He has made his boss change his attitude.D. He has changed his opinion of his boss.9. Woman: Maybe we should take the front street this morning. The radio announcer said that the traffic is very heavy on the freeway.Man: Well, if he says to take the front street, we should go the other way.Question: What does the man think of the radio announcer?A. He's humorous.B. He makes no mistakes.C. He doesn't speak clearly.D. He's unreliable.10. Woman: I didn't see you at the concert last night. What's wrong with you?Man: That's not my cup of tea.Question: what does the man mean?A. He is not fond of concerts.B. He didn't like the tea at the concert.C. He left early to have some tea with somebody else.D. He doesn't want to tell the woman why he was not there.答案：Part I Dialogue Communication1-10．ABADDCCDDA2005年在职英语试题及答案Paper OnePart I Dialogue Communication {15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirection: In this section, you will read S short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. 'Make your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: I'm exhausted. I had to work until 2 o'clock this morning.Speaker B: ____A. Don't worry too much. You can do it later.B. T ake it easy. You didn't have to work so hard.C. Take time off and let it be.D. Take it or leave it. You don't have to do it.2. Speaker A: My apartment is only 10 minutes' walk from the office. Why don't you drop by some time?Speaker B: ____A. Because I didn't know you live so close by.B. Because I didn't want to bother you.C. I'd love to. Can I take my roommate along?D. That's OK. I'll be there soon.3. Speaker A: Doctor Smith is engaged on Wednesday. Would you like to come on Thursday?Speaker B: ____A. Thursday would be fine.B. See you then.C. Thank you very much. Good-bye.D. It's very kind of you.4. Speaker A: We came so close, really. We almost won that game!Speaker B: ____A. There, there.B. There's no use crying over spilt milk.C. You guys were superb.D. I couldn't care less.5. Speaker A: Don't you think the concert is terrific?Speaker B: ____A. I .want to hear other opinions.B. It certainly is. And I really like the band.C. Yes, the concert is terrible.D. No, everything went on perfectly.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed, by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET witha single line through the center.6. Woman: What do you like to do on your summer vacation?Man: I like nothing better than fishing on a hot summer day.Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn't like fishing on a hot summer day.B. Although he likes fishing, he doesn't want to do it on a hot summer day.C. Fishing is his favorite pastime on a hot summer day.D. He likes nothing, including fishing on a hot summer day.7. Woman: I heard John and Frank had a quarrel.Man: Oh, they soon made up.Question: What does the man mean?A. John and Frank had an argument, but now they are friends again.B. John and Frank hate each other since their argument.C. John and Frank pretended that they had a quarrel.D. John and Frank often quarrel though they are friends.8. Woman: I've changed my mind and would like to take the new approach.Man: You're on the right track now!Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman is right.B. The woman is getting on well.C. The woman is doing the right thing.D. The woman has changed her mind.9. Woman: Doctor, what's wrong with my father?Man: He's in pretty good shape, considering.Question: What do we learn from the dialogue?A. Her father is very sick.B. There is nothing serious with her father.C. Her father is an athlete.D. The man is not sure about her father's condition.10. Man: Why don't you dress up a little when you're out with your friends?Woman: That's a good idea!Question: What does the man suggest?A. The woman should put on nice clothes.B. The woman should wear makeup.C. The woman should get up fight away,D. The woman should make a dress herself.答案：Part I Dialogue Communication1. B2. C3. A4. C5. B6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. A。

2002年6月学位英语真题及答案

2002年6月研究生英语学位课统考真题PAPER ONEPart I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A ( 1 point each )Directions:In this part, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The questions will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on your Answer Sheet.1. A.A taxi driver and a passenger.B. A policeman and a driver.C. A judge and a criminal.D. A coach and an athlete.2. A. He doesn't want to be busy.B. He likes staying up lateC. He is not interested in his job.D. He doesn't have enough time to sleep.3. A. They are a waste of time.B. They don't deal with social problems.C. They can reflect people's real life.D. They attract honest listeners.4. A. It has been completed.B. It has been delayed.C. It has just started.D. It is well under way.5. A. Going to a theater.B. Going to a game.C. Listening to radio programs.D. Watching TV programs.6. A. 2:30. B. 3:30. C. 4:30. D. 5:30.7. A. Dave is talkative to strangers.B. Dave likes having pizza parties.C. I>we is sociable and friendly.D. Dave is too absorbed in his project.8. A. Because she doesn't like the taste of it.B. Because she can't sleep well after drinking it.C. Because she has some heart trouble.D. Because she doesn't believe what the article says.9. A. It is fun with exciting activities.B. It is miserable with pressures.C. It is interesting but challenging.D. It is full of anxiety.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this part you will hear two short passages. At the end of each passage, there will be somequestions. Both the passages and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.10. A. They know where snow will fall.B. They can estimate how much snow will fall.C. They sometimes can not forecast snow accurately.D. They think snow is a difficult subject to study.11. A. The water particles in cold clouds.B. The tiny ice particles in the flakes.C .The dust in the center of the flakes.D. The temperature and water levels in the air.12. A. It has as much water as 2. 5 centimeters of rainB. It has as much water as 1. 5 centimeters of rainC. It has as much water as 2 centimeters of rain.D. It has as much water as 5 centimeters of rain.13. A. A new study on lying.B. The physical signals when people lie.C. How to detect a person who is lying.D. A new device to detect a liar.14. A. People change their behaviors when they lie.B. People have some special gestures when they lie.C. People's pupils have some changes when they lie.D. People have more blood around their eyes when they lie.15. A. 12 out of 20. B. 11 out of 12. C. 7 out of 10. D. 6 out of 8.Part II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0. 5 point each )Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.16. Many women prefer to use cosmetics to enhance their beauty and make them look younger.A. revealB. underlineC. improveD. integrate17. What players and coaches fear most is the partiality on the part of referees in a game.A. justiceB. bias C participation D. regionalism18. The sale has been on for a long time because the price is reckoned to be too high.A. consideredB. stipulated C raised D. stimulated19. Smugglers try every means to lay hands on unearthed relics for their personal gains.A. set foot onB. lose their heart toC. set their mind onD. get hold of20. There must have been round about a thousand people participating in the forum.A. approximatelyB. exactlyC. less thanD. more than21. These old and shabby houses will be demolished for the construction of residential buildings.A. pulled outB. pulled inC. pulled downD. pulled up22. Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mind their manners.A. observeB. memorizeC. commentD. request23. Artificial intelligence deals partly with the analogy between the computer and thehuman brain.A. likenessB. relationC. contradictionD. difference24. It is often the case that some superficially unrelated events turn out to be linked insome aspects.A. practicallyB. wonderfullyC. beneficiallyD. seemingly25. The alleged all-powerful master of chi kong was arrested on a charge of fraud.A. so-calledB. well-knownC. esteemedD. undoubtedSection B (0. 5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding Letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.26. It is hoped that pork can be made leaner by introducing a cow gene into the pig's genetic _.A. reservoirB. warehouseC. poolD. storehouse27. The chairman said that he was prepared to the younger people in the decision making.A. put up withB. make way forC. shed light onD. lake charge of28. Tom is angry at Linda because she him all the time.A. sets... upB. puts…downC. runs…outD. drops...in29. The ability to focus attention on important things is a._ characteristic of intelligence.A. defining B .declining C. defeating D. deceiving30. Our picnic having been by the thunderstorm, we had to wait in the pavilion until it cleared up.A. destroyedB. underminedC. spoiltD. contaminated31. 1 was disappointed to see that those people I had sort of were pretty ordinary.A. despisedB. resented C worshipped D. ridiculed32. One of the main purposes of us ing slang is to consolidate one’s with a group.A. specificationB. unification C notification D. identification33. The . from underdeveloped countries may well increase in response to thesoaring demand for high-tech professionals in developed nations.A. brain damageB. brain trustC. brain feverD. brain drain34. This matter settled, we decided to to the next item on the agenda.A. succeedB. exceedC. proceedD. precede35. Listening is as important as talking. If you are a good listener, people often_ you for being a goodconversationalist.A. complementB. complimentC. compelD. complainPart III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 15 points, 1 point each)Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding Letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.Most American magazines and newspapers reserve 60 percent of their pages for ads. The New York Times Sunday edition 36 may contain 350 pages of advertisements. Some radio stations devote 40 minutes of every hour to 37.Then there is television. According to one estimate, American youngsters sit 38 three hours of television commercials each week. By the time they graduate from high school, they will have been 39 360.000 TV ads. Televisions advertise in airports, hospital waiting rooms, and schools.Major sporting 40 are now major advertising events. Racing cars serve as high speed 41 . Some athletes receive most of their money from advertisers. One 42basketball player earned $ 3. 9 million by playing ball. Advertisers paid him nine times that much to43 their products.There is no escape. Commercial ads are displayed on walls, buses, and trucks. They decorate the inside of taxis and subways—even the doors of public toilets. 44 messages call to us in supermarkets, stores, elevators— and 45 we are on hold on the telephone. In some countries so much advertising comes through the mail that many recipients proceed directly from the mailbox to the nearestwastebasket to 46 the junk mail.47 Insider's Report, published by McCann-Erickson, a global advertising agency, theestimated 48 _of money spent on advertising worldwide in 1990 was $ 275.5 billion. Since then, the figures have 49 to $411.6 billion for 1997 and a projected $434.4 billion for 1998. Big money!What is the effect of all of this? One analyst 50 it this way: "Advertising is one of the most powerful socializing forces in the culture. Ads sell more than products. They sell images, values, goals, concepts of who we are and who we should be. They shape our attitudes and our attitudes shape our behavior. "36. A. lonely B. alone C. singly D. individually37. A. commerce B. consumers C. commercials D. commodities38. A. through B. up C. in D. about39. A. taken to B. spent in C .expected of D. exposed to40. A. incidents B .affairs C. events D. programs41. A. flashes B. billboards C. attractions D. messages42. A. top-heavy B. lop-talented C. top-secret D. top-ranking43. A. improve B. promote C. urge D. update44. A. Audio B. Studio C. Oral D. Video45. A. since B. while C. even D. if16. A. toss out B. lay down C. blow out D. break down47. A. It is said that B. Apart from C. According to D. Including in48. A. digit B. amount C. account D. budget49. A. raised B. elevated C. roared D. soared50. A. said B. recorded C. told D. putPart IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Answer Sheet.Passage OnFor decades, arms-control talks centered on nuclear weapons. This is hardly surprising, since a single nuclear bomb can destroy an entire city. Yet, unlike smaller arms, these immensely powerful weapons have not been used in war in over 50 years.Historian John Keegan writes. ''Nuclear weapons have, since August 9, 1945. killed no one. The 50,000.000 who have died in war since that date have for the most part, been killed by cheap,mass-produced weapons and small ammunition, costing little more than the transistor radios which have flooded the world in the same period. Because small weapons have disrupted life very little in the advanced world, outside the restricted localities where drug-dealing and political terrorism flourish, the populations of the rich states have been slow to recognize the horror that this pollution has brought in its train. "Why have small arms become the weapons of choice in recent wars? Part of the reason lies in the relationship between conflict and poverty. Most of the wars fought during the 1990s took place in countries that are poor too poor to buy sophisticated weapon systems. Small arms and light weapons are a bargain. For example, 50 million dollars, which is approximately the cost of a single modern jet fighter, can equip an army with 200,000 assault rifles.Another reason why small weapons are so popular is that they are lethal. A single rapid-fire assault rifle can fire hundreds of rounds a minute. They are also easy to use and maintain. A child of ten can be taught to strip and reassemble a typical assault rifle. A child can also quickly learn to aim and fire that rifle into a crowd of people.The global traffic in guns is complex. The illegal trade of small arms is big. In some African wars, paramilitary groups have bought billions of dollars' worth of small arms and light weapons- not with money, hut with diamonds seized from diamond-mining areas.Weapons are also linked to the illegal trade in drugs. It is not unusual for criminal organizations lo use the same routes to smuggle drugs in one direction and to smuggle guns in the other.51. It is implied in the passage that________.A. small arms-control is more important than nuclear arms-controlB. the nuclear arms-control talks can never reach an agreementC. the power of nuclear weapons to kill people has been diminishedD. nuclear weapons were the topic of arms-control talks 50 years ago52. The advanced world neglect the problems of small arms because.._______.A. They have to deal with drug-dealing and political terrorismB. They have no such problems as are caused by small weaponsC .They have not recognized the seriousness of the problems in timeD. They face other more important problems such as pollution?53. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the reason for the prevalence of small arms?A. Small arms are cheap.B. Small arms arc powerful.C. Small arms are easier to use,D. Small arms are easier to get.54. We can conclude from the passage that ___.A. small arms are not expensive in the black-marketB. it is unfair to exchange small arms for diamondC .criminals use the same passage to smuggle drugs and small armsD. where there are drugs, there are small arms55. The best title for this passage is________,A. Small Arms Talks. Not Nuclear Arms TalksB. Neglect of Small Arms ControlC. Global Traffic in Small ArmsD. Small Arms. Big ProblemsPassage TwoIn order to combat sickness, many doctors rely heavily on prescribing medicines that are developed and aggressively advertised by pharmaceutical companies. Significantly, the world market for such drugs has skyrocketed in recent decades, from just a few billion dollars a year to hundreds of billions of dollars annually. What has been a consequence?Medically prescribed drugs have helped many people. Yet, the health of some whotake drugs has either remained unchanged or become worse. So, recently some have turned to using other methods of medical treatment.In places where modern, conventional medicine has been the standard of care, many are now turning to what have been called alternative, or complementary, therapies. "The Berlin Wall that has long divided alternative therapies from mainstream medicine appears to be crumbling." said Consumer Reports of May2000.The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) observed. "Alternative medical therapies such as the use of herbs, functionally defined as interventions neither taught widely in medical schools nor generally available in U. S. hospitals, have attracted increased national attention from the media, the medical community, governmental agencies, and the public, "In the past, conventional medical practitioners have been skeptical about alternative medical practices, but 75 medical schools in the United States currently offer elective course work on alternative medicine, including Harvard. Stanford. University of Arizona, and Yale.JAMA noted. "Now an estimated 3 in 5 individuals seeing a medical doctor for a principal condition also used an alternative therapy. And outside the United States, alternative medicine is popular throughout the industrialized world. "The trend toward integrating alternative therapies with conventional ones has long been a general practice in many countries. As JAMA concluded, "There are no longer two types of medicine, conventional and complementary. There is only good medicine and bad medicine. "56. This passage suggests that pharmaceutical companies .A. pay doctors for prescribing their drugsB. have raised the prices of their products sharply in recent yearsC. spend more money on their advertisements than on their productsD. have produced some ineffective drugs57. The sentence "The Berlin Wall... appears to be crumbling" in the third paragraphimplies that ,A. the restrictions on the practice of alternative therapies will be abolishedB. there are still strict restrictions on the practice of alternative drugsC. conventional medicine and alternative therapies are incomparableD. conventional medicine and alternative therapies are completely different remedies58. According to the passage, alternative therapies .A. axe widely taught in the U. S. medical schools nowB. have been approved by U. S. governmentC. have been used by many American patientsD. are as popular as conventional medicine59. JAMA seems to suggest that .A. U. S- government should meet the increasing demands for alternative therapiesB. a medicine is good after it proves to be beneficial to the patientsC .pharmaceutical companies should cover the cost of alternative therapiesD. conventional medicine and alternative medicine should join hands60. It is implied in the passage that .A. we should take as little western medicine as possibleB. the prices of the prescribed medicine should be reducedC. herbal medicine will be accepted by more AmericansD. without the help of alternative medicine, good health can not he guaranteedPassage ThreeOur Milky Way galaxy could contain up to 1 billion Earth-like planets capable of supporting life, scientists announced last week.The theoretical abundance of habitable worlds among the estimated 200 billion stars of our home galaxy suggests that more powerful telescopes might glimpse the faint signature of far-off planet, proving that, in size and temperature at least, we are not alone in the universe.Solar systems such as Earth's, in which planets orbit a star, have been discovered.Astronomers have identified almost 100 planets in orbit around other suns. All are enormous, and of the same gaseous make-up as Jupiter.Barrie Jones of the Open University in UK and his colleague Nick Sleep have worked out how topredict which of the newly discovered solar systems is likely to harbor Earth-like planets.Using a computer, they have created mathematical models of planetary systems and seeded them with hypothetical Earths in "Goldilocks zone" orbits, where it is neither too hot nor too cold to support life.The computer simulates which of these model Earths is likely to be kicked out of its temperate orbit by gravitational effects of the monster planets, and which is likely lo survive.The solar system most like ours discovered so far is 51 light years away, at the star 47 Ursae Majoris, near the group of stars known as the Great Bear.Astronomers have discovered two planets orbiting 47 Ursae Majoris-one is two and half times the size of Jupiter, the other slightly smaller. Both planets are relatively close to the Goldilocks zone, which is further out than ours because 47 Ursae Majoris is older, hotter and brighter than the sun."It's certainly a system worth exploring for an Earth-like planet and for life." said Jones. The requirement for a life-supporting zone in any solar system is that water should be able to exist in a liquid state,NASA and its European counterpart, ESA, plan to launch instruments in the next 10 years which could produce pictures of Earth-sized planet.-..61. It is suggested in this passage that .A. scientists have found evidence to prove there are many Earth-like planets in ourgalaxyB. theoretically there are a great number of Earth-like planets capable of supportinglifeC. our Earth is the only planet in our galaxy that can support lifeD. with more powerful telescopes, scientists will be able to find more galaxies in the universe62. The "Goldilocks zone" mentioned in the 5th paragraph most probably meansA. a certain fixed distance between a planet and sunB. a range in the universe in which the planets' temperature is suitable for lifeC. a range in the universe in which the planets can receive enough sunlightD. a mathematical model to measure the size of the planetary system63. Barrie Jones And Nick Sleep have found .A. 100 planets orbiting around other stars like our sunB. many planets' atmosphere has the same composition as JupiterC. the ways lo tell which solar system may have Earth-like planetsD. a mathematical model to measure the distance of newly found solar-systems64. So far, the solar system most like ours that has been discovered is _ _.A. in the group of stars known as Great BearB. 2. 5 times as big as JupiterC. smaller than our systemD. impossible for us to reach at present time.65. The most important requirement to have a life-supporting zone m any solar systemis that it must have .A. enough water and proper temperatureB. enough oxygen and hydrogenC. enough air and sunlightD. enough water in any slatePassage FourHaving abandoned his call for higher gasoline prices. Vice President Al Gore has another idea to get people out of their cars- Spend billions on mass transit- $25 billion to be exact. Last week. Gore unveiled his "Keep America Moving" initiative, which will spend $25 billion on upgrading and improvingmass-transit systems nationwide. According to Gore's self-proclaimed "new way of thinking" all that's necessary to reduce traffic congestion is to "give people a choice."The federal government has been trying to "give people a choice" for decades to little effect. Portionsof the federal gasoline tax have already been used to support urban bus and rail systems. Despite years of subsidies, few urban-transit systems run in the black. They don't do much to reduce congestion either. No matter how much the taxpayers paid for the planned transit systems. Americans prefer the autonomy offered by their automobiles.The vice president praised the Portland light-rail system as an example of how good mass transit can be. Yet Portland s experience is more cautionary tale than exemplary model. Research by the Cascade Policy Institute demonstrates that Portland's Metro has been a multi-million-dollar mistake. According to Metro s own figures, the light-rail system is doing little to reduce congestion, as most of its riders used to ride the bus.Those riders that do come off the roads, come at an incredible price: $62 per round trip. Road improvements and expansion would do far more to reduce congestion at a fraction of the cost, but they wouldn't attract the same volume of federal funds.66. According to the author, the mass-transit systems .A. are characterized by low consumption of gasolineB. have contributed little to the improvement of the trafficC. aim at monitoring the public trafficD. are financially profitable67. What does the author say about the federal government?A. It has recently begun to address the problem of traffic congestion.B. It fails to provide enough funds to help reduce traffic congestion.C. Its attempt to reduce traffic congestion is successful but costly.D. It has not done much to reduce congestion by improving roads.68. What is said about Americans' attitude toward the transit systems?A. They are reluctant to pay taxes to support the transit systems.B. They think driving their own cars is more convenient.C. They prefer the policies of improving and expanding roads.D. They think there should be more choices in transportation.69. In the third paragraph, the underlined expression "cautionary tale" most probablymeans .A. an incredible storyB. an untrue storyC. a story giving a warningD. a story teaching a moral lesson70. Which of the following statements would the author probably agree to?A. In spite of federal funds, most urban-transit systems have financial problems.B. The American public should become more aware of the need to reduce trafficcongestion.C. The attempt to expand roads would be as costly as the one to build a light-railsystem.D. The federal gasoline tax should be raised to support urban-transit system.Passage FiveIn all of the industrial countries and many less developed countries, a debate along the lines of government vs. business prevails. This struggle has gone on for so long, and is so pervasive, that many who participate in it have come to think of these two social institutions as natural and permanent enemies, each striving to oppose the other.Viewing the struggle in that format diminishes the chance of attaining more harmonious relations between government and business. Moreover, if these two are seen as natural and deadly enemies, then business has no long-range future. It is self-evident that government, as the only social instrument that can legally enforce its will by physical control, must win any struggle that is reduced to naked power.A more realistic, and most constructive, approach to the conflict between business and governmentstarts by noticing the many ways in which they are dependent on each other. Business cannot exist without social order. Business can and does generate its own order, its own regularities of procedure and behavior but at bottom these rest up on more fundamental patterns of order which can be maintained and evolved by the political state.The dependence of government on business is less absolute. Governments can absorb direct responsibility for organizing economic functions. In many cases, ancient and modern, government-run economic activities seem to have operated at a level of efficiency not markedly inferior to comparable work organized by business. If society's sole purpose is to achieve a bare survival for its members, there can be no substantial objection to governmental absorption of economic arrangements.71. Many people think government and business are "enemies" because ,A. the struggle between the two parties has always existedB. they based their belief on the experience of the industrial countriesC. they believe that government can do better than business in economic activitiesD. the struggle between the two parties is so fierce that neither will survive in the end72. The third paragraph mainly discusses .A. how government and business depend on each otherB. why social order is important to business activitiesC. why it is necessary for business to rely on governmentD. how business can develop and maintain order73. What does the passage say about economic activities organized by government?A. They mostly aim at helping people to survive.B. They can be conducted as well as those by business.C. They are the ones that business cannot do well.D. They are comparatively modern phenomena.74. We can conclude from the passage that ,A. it is difficult for government and business to have good relationsB. it is difficult to study the relations between government and businessC. government should dominate economic activitiesD. government and business should not oppose each otherPassage SixStanding up for what you believe in can be tough. Sometimes it's got to be done,but the price can be high.Biochemist Jeffrey Wigand found this out the hard way when he took on his formeremployer, tobacco giant Brown & Williamson, over its claim that cigarettes were not addictive. So too did climate modeler Ben Santer when he put his name to a UN report which argued that it is people who are warming the planet. Both men found themselves under sustained attacks. Wigand from Brown & Williamson, Santer from the combined might of the oil and car industries.The two men got into their dreadful predicaments by totally different routes. But they had one thing in common-they fought powerful vested interests (既得利益者) with scientific data that those interests wished would go away.Commercial companies are not. of course, the only vested interests in town. Governments have a habit of backing the ideas of whoever pays the most tax. Academia also has its version: scientific theories often come with fragile egos and reputations still attached, and supporters of those theories can be overly resistant to new ideas.For example, Alfred Wegener's idea that the continents drift across the surface of the planet was laughed at when he proposed it in 1915. This idea was only accepted finally in the 1960s, when plate tectonics came of age. More recently, in 1982, Stanley Prusiner was labeled crazy for his controversial suggestion that infectious diseases such as BSE (疯牛病) were caused by a protein that self-replicated. A decade later, the notion had gained ground. Finally, in 1997, he received a Nobel Prize for his idea.Western science has always thrived on individualism-one person's ambition to topple a theory. So independence of thought is crucial. But this applies not only for scientists, but also their institutions.。

02年英语二级考试答案

02年英语二级考试答案一、听力理解（共15分）1. A) The woman is looking for a job.B) The woman is interviewing for a job.C) The woman is filling out a job application.D) The woman is discussing her job experience.答案：C2. A) He is going to take a vacation.B) He is going to attend a conference.C) He is going to visit his family.D) He is going to study abroad.答案：B3. A) She is happy about the promotion.B) She is disappointed with the promotion.C) She is surprised by the promotion.D) She is indifferent to the promotion.答案：A4. A) The man is late for the meeting.B) The man is early for the meeting.C) The man is on time for the meeting.D) The man is not attending the meeting.答案：A5. A) He is going to the library.B) He is going to the bookstore.C) He is going to the cinema.D) He is going to the museum.答案：B二、阅读理解（共30分）1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of teamwork in business.B) The benefits of working in a team.C) The challenges of managing a team.D) The advantages of working alone.答案：A2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of team building activities?A) Improved communication.B) Increased creativity.C) Decreased productivity.D) Enhanced problem-solving skills.答案：C3. What is the author's opinion about the role of a team leader?A) The team leader should be a strict disciplinarian.B) The team leader should be a supportive mentor.C) The team leader should be an expert in all areas.D) The team leader should be a passive observer.答案：B4. What does the passage suggest is the key to effective teamwork?A) Clear goals.B) Individual recognition.C) Strict deadlines.D) Financial incentives.答案：A5. In the context of the passage, what is the purpose of team building exercises?A) To increase employee satisfaction.B) To improve employee retention.C) To foster a sense of belonging.D) To enhance team performance.答案：D三、词汇与语法（共25分）1. The new policy will come into _______ next month.A) effectB) affectC) impactD) influence答案：A2. She is _______ to win the competition.A) capableB) ableC) competentD) efficient答案：C3. The company has decided to _______ its operations in the new market.A) extendB) expandC) stretchD) broaden答案：B4. The teacher asked the students to _______ their essays by next week.A) hand inB) hand outC) hand overD) hand down答案：A5. The project was _______ due to the lack of funding.A) postponedB) delayedC) suspendedD) canceled答案：C四、写作（共30分）请根据以下提示写一篇不少于120词的短文。

2002年职称英语考试综合类A级试题及答案

2002年职称英语考试综合类A级试题第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1 The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather．A jumpsB risesC fallsD changes2 Did you do that to irritate her?A teaseB attractC annoyD protect3 Mary looked pale and weary．A illB tiredC worriedD peaceful4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水)．A pollutedB downgradedC mixedD blackened5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive．A very boringB verythoroughC very interestingD very touching6 Alice is a fascinating girl．A a beautifulB a prettyC an attractiveD a pleasant7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents.A displayedB shownC provedD assessed8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple.A offeredB rentedC providedD sold9 She stood there crying and trembling with fear．A shakingB staggeringC strugglingD murmuring10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so．A ranB rolledC walkedD raced11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises．A arguedB derived12 I can no longer tolerate his actions.A put up withB acceptC takeD suffer from13 Our plan is to a11ocate one member of staff to handle appointmentsA askB persuadeC assignD order14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage.A extensiveB negativeC responsiveD explosive15 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs．A supplyB reachC provideD meet第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的信息是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

2002年在职英语试题及答案

2002年在职英语试题及答案art 1 V ocabulary and Structure （25 minutes，10 points）Directions：There are twenty incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C，and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.C1. Experiments in the photography of moving objects _____ in both the United States and Eu- rope well before 1990.A. have been conducting 实施B. were conductingC. had been conductingD. are conductingA 2. After long negotiations谈判, 磋商，公司the firm ______ to build a double-purpose bridge across the river. 他们公司已签约承建一座横跨大江的两用大桥A. contracted 合约, 婚约, 契约B. contacted接触, 联系C. consulted作为顾问D. convinced说服, 使相信A 3. 狄德罗Diderot was also a philosophical哲学上的materialist唯物主义者，______ that thought developed from the 运动move- ments and changes of matter.A. believingB. have been located 找出, 设于, 位于C. believesD. be locatingD 4. We felt to death because we could make nothing of thelecturer's speech.A. exposedB. tiredC. exhaustedD. bored闷得要死D 5. The population of many Alaskan cities has ______ doubled in the past three years.A. large than比大B. more than多于C. as great asD. as many as和...一样多正确的答案是“more than”。

02-08年英语在职历年真题及答案

02-08年英语在职历年真题及答案2002年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and Structure(25 minutes，10 points)Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．1．Experiments in the photography of moving objects in both the United Statesand Europe well before 1990．A．have been conducting B．wereconductingC．had been conducted D．areconducted2．After long negotiations，the firm to build a double-purpose bridge across theriver．A．contracted B．contactedC．consulted D．convinced 3．Diderot was also a philosophical materialist，that thought developed from themovements and changes of matter．A．believing B．have been locatedC．believes D．be locating4．We felt to death because we could make nothing of the lecturer’s speech．A．exposed B．tiredC．exhausted D．bored5．The population of many Alaskan cities has doubled in the past three years．A．larger than B．more than C．asgreat as D．as many as6．It was very difficult to build a power station in the deep valley，but it as wehad hoped．A．came off B．went offC．brought out D．made out7．A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult，he is likely to smile andreach out to another infant．A．if B．whenever C．sothat D．whereas8．Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th the birth of JesusChrist．A．in accordance with B．in terms ofC．in favor of D．in honor of 9．Weather ，there will be an open air party with live music here this weekend．A．permits B．should permitC．will permit D．permitting 10．When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard to laythem ．.A．off B．asideC．out D．down11．The symbols of mathematics we are most familiar are the signs ofaddition，subtraction，multiplication，division and equality．A．to which B．whichC．with which D．in which12．The machines in this workshop are not regulated but are jointlycontrolled by a central computer system．A．inevitably B．individuallyC．irrespectively D．irregularly 13．We are sure that to do this face to face，he would find it difficult to expresshimself without losing his temper．A．were he to try B．would he tryC．was he trying D．if he triesl4．The local people were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longeraccording to the weather．A．evaluated B．convertedC．fluctuated D．modifiedl5．he realized it was already too late for us to return home．A．No sooner it grew dark whenB．Hardly it grew dark thanC．It was not until dark thatD．Scarcely it grew dark than16．Without computer network，it would be impossible to carry on any businessoperation in the advanced countries．A．practically B．preferablyC．precisely D．possibly17．will Mr．Forbes be able to regain control of the company．A．With hard work B．As regardshis hard workC．Only if he works hard D．Despite hishard Work18．From the incident they have learned a lesson：decisions often lead tobitter regrets．A．urgent B．hastyC．instant D．prompt19．What the teacher of the science class does and says of great importance to thestudents at college．A．was B．areC．is D．were20．The Chinese community there，consisting of67 000 ，is the largest concentrationof Chinese outside Asia．A．visitors B．workersC．adults D．inhabitantsPart II Reading Comprehension(70 minutes，40 points)Directions：There are 5 passages in this part．Each of the passages is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．Passage OneIn the United States the way people spend their leisure time is an important part of their identity．Perhaps everybody does nearly the same thing all day in the office or the factory，but leisure time is what makes people distinct and reveals who they are．Some people like rockmusic，for example，and others may like jazz or classical music．Some people are runners or swimmers，and others are“couch(睡椅)potatoes”who“surf”the television channels with a remote control．Some go to museums while others spend long hours at a shopping centre．These kinds of choices are ways that people define themselves．It hasn’t always been this way．“Leisure time”was almost unknown in the United States in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries．When most people worked on farms，the workday was from sunrise to sunset every day except Sunday，which was devoted to church．Later，with the rise of factories and city populations，people worked equally long hours and had only Sunday for rest．Some people did many of the things then that they do now—attend concerts，have parties，go to restaurants．read novels，or play sports—but to a much lesser extent.Slowly，throughout the twentieth century，leisure time grew．Technology made farm workless burdensome．and changes in laws shortened the factory work day and week．New inventions such as the phonograph(留声机)and the radio gave people access to music and mass entertainment on a scale unknown before．People gradually became consumers of entertainment，and businesses competed fiercely for their dollars．For many people leisure time means going somewhere—to a museum , to a concert , to a restaurant, or to a baseball game , for example. Or it means doing something such as playing volleyball，backpacking，swimming，biking，or playing in a park with their children．For other people free time means staying home with wonderful sources of entertainment，such as a VCR，stereo(立体声系统)，or cable TV with dozens of channels．Others pursue creative activities such as cooking，gardening，and home improvement．The latest stay-at-home activity is “surfing the net”—that is．looking for information and entertainment on the Internet．People in the United States are basically not much different from others in what they do in their leisure time．The real difference may lie in the energy，time，money，and sheer enthusiasm that they devote to it．21．“Couch potatoes”in paragraph 1 refers to those who ．A．control their viewing of TV programs B．are happy watching situation comedies C．watch TV while eating potato chips D．are crazy about watching TV programs 22．According to the passage，in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries，some Americans ．A．worked from sunrise to sunset seven days a weekB．preferred working in factories to working on farmsC．had many of the leisure time activities that people now haveD．fought for shorter working hours and more leisure time23．Apart from technology，the growing leisure time throughout the twentieth century is also due to．A．changes in laws B．mass entertainmentC．new types of consumption D．competitive businesses24．In terms of leisure time activities，people in the United States．A．enjoy a larger variety than people in other countriesB．are not much different from people in other countriesC．enjoy more stay—at—home activities such as“surfing the net’’D．are less energetic and enthusiastic than othersPassage TwoWhether you are logging on to your personal computer，using a credit card，or disarming a door security system，passwords orPINs(personal identification numbers)jealously guard access to numerous regular operations．It is estimated that within ten years，consumers could be faced with handling more than 100 passwords! Given the popularity of passwords，how Can you choose ones that are sufficiently complicated to be secure yet are simple enough to remember?There are basic guidelines to bear in mind．First，the don’ts．Don’t use as a password your name or that of a member of your family，even in modified form．Also avoid use of your telephone number，your Social Security number，or your address．Such information Can easily be obtained by a determined hacker(黑客)．In addition，if possible，don’t use passwords made up entirely of letters or digits．A relatively simple computer program can crack such a code quickly．Finally，do not use a word that can be found in any dictionary，even a foreign-language one．Huge lists areavailable that contain words，place names，and proper names from all languages．Programs can test for variations of these words，such as if they are spelled backward，capitalized，or combined．So，what kinds of passwords should be used? Usually ones that have a minimum of six to eight characters and that have a mixture of upper—and lower-case letters，digits，and punctuation(标点)symbols．How difficult is it to crack such a combination of characters? One source says that“a machine that could try one million passwords per second would require，on the average，over one hundred years．”How can you choose a combination that is easy to remember?Some suggest that you take the title of a favorite book or film or a line from a song or poem and use the first letter from each word as your password，adding capital letters，punctuation，or other characters．For example，“to be or not to be”could become“2B／not2B”．Other suggestions include taking twoshort words and link them with a punctuation character．such as“High。

02-10年英语在职历年真题及答案

2002年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and Structure(25 minutes，10 points)Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．1．Experiments in the photography of moving objects in both the United States and Europe well before 1990．A．have been conducting B．were conductingC．had been conducted D．are conducted2．After long negotiations，the firm to build a double-purpose bridge across the river．A．contracted B．contacted C．consulted D．convinced3．Diderot was also a philosophical materialist，that thought developed from the movements and changes of matter．A．believing B．have been located C．believes D．be locating4．We felt to death because we could make nothing of the lecturer‘s speech．A．exposed B．tired C．exhausted D．bored5．The population of many Alaskan cities has doubled in the past three years．A．larger than B．more than C．as great as D．as many as6．It was very difficult to build a power station in the deep valley，but it as we had hoped．A．came off B．went off C．brought out D．made out7．A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult，he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant．A．if B．whenever C．so that D．whereas8．Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th the birth of Jesus Christ．A．in accordance with B．in terms ofC．in favor of D．in honor of9．Weather ，there will be an open air party with live music here this weekend．A．permits B．should permitC．will permit D．permitting10．When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard to lay them ．.A．off B．asideC．out D．down11．The symbols of mathematics we are most familiar are the signs of addition，subtraction，multiplication，division and equality．A．to which B．whichC．with which D．in which12．The machines in this workshop are not regulated but are jointly controlled by a central computer system．A．inevitably B．individuallyC．irrespectively D．irregularly13．We are sure that to do this face to face，he would find it difficult to express himself without losing his temper．A．were he to try B．would he tryC．was he trying D．if he triesl4．The local people were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longer according to the weather．A．evaluated B．convertedC．fluctuated D．modifiedl5．he realized it was already too late for us to return home．A．No sooner it grew dark when B．Hardly it grew dark thanC．It was not until dark that D．Scarcely it grew dark than16．Without computer network，it would be impossible to carry on any business operation in the advanced countries．A．practically B．preferablyC．precisely D．possibly17．will Mr．Forbes be able to regain control of the company．A．With hard work B．As regards his hard workC．Only if he works hard D．Despite his hard Work18．From the incident they have learned a lesson：decisions often lead to bitter regrets．A．urgent B．hastyC．instant D．prompt19．What the teacher of the science class does and says of great importance to the students at college．A．was B．areC．is D．were20．The Chinese community there，consisting of 67 000 ，is the largest concentration of Chinese outside Asia．A．visitors B．workersC．adults D．inhabitantsPart II Reading Comprehension(70 minutes，40 points)Directions：There are 5 passages in this part．Each of the passages is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．Passage OneIn the United States the way people spend their leisure time is an important part of their identity．Perhaps everybody does nearly the same thing all day in the office or the factory，but leisure time is what makes people distinct and reveals who they are．Some people like rock music，for example，and others may like jazz or classical music．Some people are runners or swimmers，and others are“couch(睡椅)potatoes”who“surf”the television channels with a remote control．Some go to museums while others spend long hours at a shopping centre．These kinds of choices are ways that people define themselves．It hasn‘t always been this way．“Leisure time”was almost unknown in the United States in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries．When most people worked on farms，the workday was from sunrise to sunset every day except Sunday，which was devoted to church．Later，with the rise of factories and city populations，people worked equally long hours and had only Sunday for rest．Some people did many of the things then that they do now—attend concerts，have parties，go to restaurants．read novels，or play sports—but to a much lesser extent.Slowly，throughout the twentieth century，leisure time grew．Technology made farm work less burdensome．and changes in laws shortened the factory work day and week．New inventions such as the phonograph(留声机)and the radio gave people access to music and mass entertainment on a scale unknown before．People gradually became consumers of entertainment，and businesses competed fiercely for their dollars．For many people leisure time means going somewhere—to a museum , to a concert , to a restaurant, or to a baseball game , for example. Or it means doing something such as playing volleyball，backpacking，swimming，biking，or playing in a park with their children．For other people free time means staying home with wonderful sources of entertainment，such as a VCR，stereo(立体声系统)，or cable TV with dozens of channels．Others pursue creative activities such as cooking，gardening，and home improvement．The latest stay-at-home activity is“surfing the net”—that is．looking for information and entertainment on the Internet．People in the United States are basically not much different from others in what they do in their leisure time．The real difference may lie in the energy，time，money，and sheer enthusiasm that they devote to it．21．“Couch potatoes”in paragraph 1 refers to those who ．A．control their viewing of TV programs B．are happy watching situation comediesC．watch TV while eating potato chips D．are crazy about watching TV programs22．According to the passage，in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries，some Americans ．A．worked from sunrise to sunset seven days a weekB．preferred working in factories to working on farmsC．had many of the leisure time activities that people now haveD．fought for shorter working hours and more leisure time23．Apart from technology，the growing leisure time throughout the twentieth century is also due to．A．changes in laws B．mass entertainmentC．new types of consumption D．competitive businesses24．In terms of leisure time activities，people in the United States．A．enjoy a larger variety than people in other countriesB．are not much different from people in other countriesC．enjoy more stay—at—home activities such as“surfing the net’’D．are less energetic and enthusiastic than othersPassage TwoWhether you are logging on to your personal computer，using a credit card，or disarming a door security system，passwords or PINs(personal identification numbers)jealously guard access to numerous regular operations．It is estimated that within ten years，consumers could be faced with handling more than 100 passwords! Given the popularity of passwords，how Can you choose ones that are sufficiently complicated to be secure yet are simple enough to remember?There are basic guidelines to bear in mind．First，the don‘ts．Don‘t use as a password your name or that of a member of your family，even in modified form．Also avoid use of your telephone number，your Social Security number，or your address．Such information Can easily be obtained by a determined hacker(黑客)．In addition，if possible，don‘t use passwords made up entirely of letters or digits．A relatively simple computer program can crack such a code quickly．Finally，do not use a word that can be found in any dictionary，even a foreign-language one．Huge lists are available that contain words，place names，and proper names from all languages．Programs can test for variations of these words，such as if they are spelled backward，capitalized，or combined．So，what kinds of passwords should be used? Usually ones that have a minimum of six to eight characters and that have a mixture of upper—and lower-case letters，digits，and punctuation(标点)symbols．How difficult is it to crack such a combination of characters? One source says that“a machine that could try one million passwords per second would require，on the average，over one hundred years．”How can you choose a combination that is easy to remember?Some suggest that you take the title of a favorite book or film or a line from a song or poem and use the first letter from each word as your password，adding capital letters，punctuation，or other characters．For example，“to be or not to be”could become“2B／not2B”．Other suggestions include taking two short words and link them with a punctuation character．such as“High。

BEC中级2002年6月真题(附答案)

剑桥国际商务英语证书考试(BEC)中级2002年06月阅读部分TIME 1 hourINSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATESDo not open this paper until you are told to do so.Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Write these details in pencil on your Answer Sheet if these are not already printed. Write all your answers in pencil on your Answer Sheet - no extra time is allowed for this.Read carefully the instructions for each part and the instructions for completing your Answer Sheet.Try to answer all the questions. At the end of the examination hand in both this question paper and your Answer Sheet.INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATESThere are forty-five questions on this question paper.PART ONEQuestions 1 – 7●Look at the statements below and the book reviews on the opposite page.●Which analyst's advice (A, B, C or D) does each statement 1 - 7 refer to?●For each statement 1 - 7, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.●You will need to use some of these letters more than once.1 It looks at how business organisations can affect the environment.2 It contains practical advice for people involved in data collection.3 It claims that earlier analyses of this aspect of organisations were too simplistic.4 It examines contrasting approaches to staff selection.5 It gives a better explanation of the issues than other books on the subject.6 It draws on the personal experience of the writers.7 It looks at how external influences can impact on the effectiveness of managers.AMANAGERS IN THE MAKINGAs examples of organizational and ‘market’ approaches to society, Japan and Britain provide a useful contrast, showing the national and cultural factors which affect the performance of executives. There is extensive research data behind this book, and key areas of comparison between the two countries include their different systems of recruitment and their diverse attitudes both to management control and the work environment.BAnalysing OrganisationsThis book provides support for managers who need to plan organizational research witha step-by-step. ‘how-to’ guide. The authors describe each part of the process, the advantages and disadvantages that result from many of the choices that must be made, and the lessons they have learnt from years spent designing and conducting surveys. The sections on research into recruitment and employment relationships are particularly informative.CThe Culture Of OrganisationsThis book looks at the culture of business organizations and the writers suggest that this is more complex and diverse than had previously been recognized. A variety of different and non-traditional research settings across industries are represented, including a car plant in Slovenia, a US software developer and a Korean electronics company.DImages Of OrganisationsThis book shows how organizations can be managed and designed in new ways. There are chapters on the complexity of corporate culture, and on how managers can deal with the negative impact organizations may have on society and the natural world. No other publication covers the arguments so clearly while developing the implications for management with such force.PART TWOQuestions 8 – 12●Read the article below about a recruitment company.●Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.●For each gap 8 - 12, mark one letter (A ~ G) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.●There is an example at the beginning (0).PROSPECTS ARE GROWINGJane Woodford, head of Prospects recruitment group, talks about how the company is set to grow.How many jobs have managing directors reading this article had already? Five? More than ten? Wall, Jane Woodford, head of the Prospects recruitment group, has had an amazing seventeen jobs. Woodford has kept a careful count of jobs, which include working in fast food, at a theatre and as a dress-maker. (0) ..G.. In February of this year, after several years as a partner in the business, she became the managing director of the Prospects group.Prospects was started in 1988 as the Job Shop group, by Hilary Marks. A former estate agent, she decided to go it alone and launched the company in a three-metre by three-metre office, after a downturn in the property market. (8)......‘I don't think she believed she could find anybody who cared as much about her 'baby' as she did,’ says Woodford.Surely it must, have been difficult for Marks when Woodford became the MD and she became marketing director? Yes, Woodford agrees it was: 'It was extremely hard for Hilary, because originally she had been her own boss. But how to manage changes in the company was something we all had to learn about,’ (9)...... Some benefited from this opportunity while others didn't, though the company has only lost two of its long-serving managers.The change in the head of the company happened at the same time as the company's name changed. A brainstorming session between Woodford, Marks and their accountant produced the name Prospects. The company now has three separate trading divisions, each with its own internal management structure. One of Prospects' operations, New Directions, provides IT training for clients and courses about employment affairs for students, teachers and educational advisers. (10) ...... 'We need tom be closely involved with the educational system,’ she says.Always looking to encourage and motivate staff, Prospects has appointed team leaders, giving them extra responsibility for dealing with the company's accounts, budgeting and day-to-day operations. (11) ...... 'We accept that they may go on to become directors of other companies,' Woodford explains.So, what are Woodford's own ambitions for Prospects? 'I'd like to consolidate all the work we have already done a nd continue to build up a good team of people,’ she replies simply. (12) ...... ' When a recruiter has been with us for three years we offer financial bonuses towards the cost of opening his or her own Prospects branch,' she says.A The reasoning behind this decision was that these people will help the company toprogress, and yet their own careers will benefit at the same time.B Originally, she wasn't looking for a business partner at all.C She joined the company in 1995 as business development manager, and became ashareholder in 1996 and a director in 1997 before taking on her current position.D Woodford sees this activity as particularly important for Prospects becauserecruitment isn't something she believes should stand on its own.E She is also keen for her trusted consultants, as she calls them, to share in thecompany's success through its internal reward scheme.F Discussion groups were set up to help staff at every level make the necessaryadjustments.G This very wide experience of working life has without a doubt helped her as a highlysuccessful recruiter.PART THREEQuestions 13 – 18●Read the article below about Smithson’s, a British department store, and thequestions on the opposite page.●For each question 13 - 18, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet forthe answer you choose.Department Store MagicFor most of the 20th century Smithson's was one of Britain's most successful department stores, but by the mid-1990s, it had become dull. Still profitable, thanks largely to .a series of successful advertising campaigns, but decidedly boring. The famous were careful not to be seen there, and its sales staff didn't seem to have changed since the store opened in 1908. Worst of all, its customers were buying fewer and fewer of its own-brand products, the major part of its business, and showing a preference for more fashionable brands.But now all this has changed, thanks to Rowena Baker, who became Smithson's first woman Chief Executive three years ago. Since then, while most major retailers in Britain have been losing money, Smithson's profits have been rising steadily. When Baker started, a lot of improvements had just been made to the building, without having any effect on sales, and she took the bold decision to invite one of Europe's most exciting interior designers to develop the fashion area, the heart of the store. This very quickly led to rising sales, even before the goods on display were changed. And as sales grew, so did profits.Baker had ambitious plans for the store from the start. 'We're playing a big game, to prove we're up there with the leaders in our sector, and we have to make sure people get that message. Smithson's had fallen behind the co)repetition. It provided a traditional service targeted at middle-aged, middle-income customers, who'd been shopping there for years, and the customer base was gradually contracting. Our idea is to sell such an exciting variety of goods that everyone will want to come in, whether they plan to spend a little or a lot.' Baker's vision for the store is clear, but achieving it is far from simple. At first, many employees resisted her improvements because they just wouldn't be persuaded that there was anything wrong with the way they'd always done things, even if they accepted that the store had to overtake its competitors. It took many long meetings, involving the entire workforce, to win their support. It helped when they realised that Baker was a very different kind of manager from the ones they had known.Baker's staff policies contained more surprises. The uniform that had hardly changed since day one has now disappeared. Moreover, teenagers now get young shop assistants, and staff in the sports departments are themselves sports fans in trainers. As Baker explains, 'How can you sell jeans if you're wearing a black suit? Smithson's has a new identity, and this needs to be made clear to the customers.' She's also given every sales assistant responsibility for ensuring customer satisfaction, even if it means occasionally breaking company rules in the hope that this will help company profits.Rowena Baker is proving successful, but the City's big investors haven't been persuaded. According to retail analyst, John Matthews, 'Money had already been invested in refurbishment of the store and in fact that led to the boost in sales. She took the credit, but hadn't done anything to achieve it. And in my view the company's shareholders are not convinced. The fact is that unless she opens several more stores pretty soon, Smithson's profits will start to fall because turnover at the existing store will inevitably start to decline.'13 According to the writer, in the mid-1990s Smithson's department storeA was making a loss.B had a problem keeping staff.C was unhappy with its advertising agency.D mostly sold goods under the Smithson's name.14 According to the writer, Smithson's profits started rising three years ago becauseofA an improvement in the retailing sector.B the previous work done on the store..C Rowena Baker's choice of designer.D a change in the products on sale.15 According to Rowena Baker, one problem which Smithson's faced when she joined wasthatA the number of people using the store was falling slowly.B its competitors offered a more specialised range of products.C the store's prices were set at the wrong level.D customers were unhappy with the service provided.16 According to the writer, many staff opposed Baker's plans becauseA they were unwilling to change their way of working.B they disagreed with her goals for the store.C they felt they were not consulted enough about the changes.D they were unhappy with her style of management.17 Baker has changed staff policies because she believes thatA the corporate image can be improved through staff uniforms.B the previous rules were not fair to customers.C customers should be able to identify with the staff serving them.D employees should share in company profits.18 What problem does John Matthews think Smithson's is facing?A More money needs to be invested in the present store.B The company's profits will only continue to rise if it expands.C The refurbishment of the store is proving unpopular with customers.D Smithson's shareholders expect a quick return on~ their investments.PART FOURQuestions 19 – 33●Read the advice below about how to make meetings more effective.●Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page.●For each question 19 - 33, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.●There is an example at the beginning, (0).Many people feel that meetings are a complete (0) ...D... of time and try to avoid them. However, they don't have to be, as long as a few rules are (19)......Meetings are very rarely held without at least one day's (20) ...... This is because the first rule is that all the participants need to (21) ...... for the meeting, not just the Chair. Being asked to (22) ...... a meeting means you are seen as having something to (23) ...... so make sure this is the case. You should also ensure that any item you want to discuss is put on the agenda, if you are planning to (24) ...... an issue you know is difficult, find out before the meeting if you have any (25) ...... for your point of view.If you are the Chair, there are three other (26) ...... rules. Firstly, respect your participants by being punctual, always starting and ending on time. If you don't, they'll spend the (27) ...... . meeting looking at their watches and wondering how late you're going to (28) ...... them. Secondly, (29) ...... a meeting only when it is absolutely necessary. Look closely at what you want to (30) ...... in the meeting. If your aim is to complete a task that requires (31) ...... or no discussion, ask yourself whether or the phone could do the job. Finally, invite only as many people as are needed to get the job done. Don't, however, exclude people who may be able to (32) ...... the best ideas, just because of their (33) ...... in the organisation.19 A observed B watched C seen D copied20 A instruction B direction C notice D advice21 A prepare B arrange C order D manage22 A occupy B place C attend D enter23 A send B transfer C pass D offer24 A launch B raise C bring D lift25 A assistance B protection C confirmation D support26 A chief B key C top D high27 A entire B absolute C major D maximum28 A restrict B limit C keep D contain29 A tell B do C make D call30 A acquire B achieve C reach D possess31 A small B little C tiny D short32 A contribute B subscribe C insert D serve33 A scale B degree C rank D priorityPART FIVEQuestions 34 - 45●Read the text below about a change in the way companies operate.●In most of the lines 34 - 45 there is one extra word. It is either grammaticallyincorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.●If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS onyour Answer Sheet.●The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).Examples:THE END OF THE OFFICE0 Working with a manager you rarely see is now so far from unusual, and00 communicating with colleagues across the globe is a further indication that many34 of US are becoming the truly international workers. As business becomes more35 dependent on technology, there is less need for managers to turn it up at the36 office every day. As more work is done than on-line, employees can log on from37 anywhere. For those managers who have no fixed base, a password allows38 them to access the system wherever they will happen to be that day. The39 attraction of these developments for a company are, in part of, financial. Office40 space which is expensive, so why should employers keep desks for people who41 are seldom at them? As there are advantages for employees, too. It saves42 travelling time, which, at the moment, only makes the working day longer. It also43 allows staff have more flexible working patterns. And if managers come and go44 as they please, why should secretaries staff deserted offices? As yet,45 secretaries working outside the traditional office are rare, but now the worldis on-line, this may change.UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE ESOL EXAMINATIONSEnglish for Speakers of Other LanguagesBUSINESS ENGLISH CERTIFICATE写作部分TIME 45 minutesINSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATESDo not open this paper until you are told to do so.Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.Read the instructions carefully.Answer both parts.Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.Write clearly in pen, not pencil. You may make alterations but make sure that your work is easy to read.INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATESPart 2 carries twice as many marks as Part 1.PART ONE●You are a regional sales manager for an international company. You have been askedto go to a meeting at your company’s head office. You cannot go, so somebody else will go in your place.●Write an to Erica Young, who is organizing the meeting:● apologizing for not being able to go to the meeting● explaining why you cannot go● saying who will go.● Write 40 - 50 words.● Write on the separate answer paper provided.PART TWO●You work for Business Space plc, a company which rents fully serviced offices toother businesses. You have just received the fax below.●Look at the fax and the other information below on which you have already made somehandwritten notes.●Then, using all your handwritten notes, write a fax in reply to Reinhard Mieter.●Write 120 - 140 words.●Write on the separate answer paper provided.UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE ESOL EXAMINATIONS English for Speakers of Other Languages BUSINESS ENGLISH CERTIFICATE听力部分TIME Approx. 40 minutes (including 10 minutes' transfer time)INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATESDo not open this paper until you are told to do so.Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Write these details in pencil on your Answer Sheet if these are not already printed. Listen to the instructions for each part carefully.Try to answer all the questions.Write your answers on this question paper.At the end of the test you will have 10 minutes to copy your answers onto your Answer Sheet.Read the instructions for completing your Answer Sheet carefully.Write all your answers in pencil.At the end of the examination hand in both this question paper and your Answer Sheet. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATESInstructions are given on the tape.You will hear everything twice.There are thirty questions on this paper.PART ONEQuestions 1 – 12●You will hear three telephone conversations or messages.●Write one or two words or a number in the numbered spaces on the notes or forms below.●You will hear each recording twice.Conversation One(Questions 1 - 4)●Look at the notes below.●You will hear a woman calling about arrangements for a company dinner at which awardswill be presented to the staff.lConversation Two(Questions 5 - 8)●Look at the note below.●You will hear a woman calling about a problem with an employee’s account.Conversation Three(Questions 9- 12)●Look at the notes below●You will hear a man asking a woman for information about her job.PART TWOQuestions 13 - 22Section One(Questions 13 - 17)●You will hear five short recordings.●For each recording, decide which department of the company each speaker works in.●Write one letter (A - H) next to the number of the recording.●Do not use any letter more than once.●You will hear the five recordings twice.A MarketingB FinanceC SalesD TrainingE Research and DevelopmentF DistributionG Quality ControlH Customer Services A accepting an argument B complaining about a delay C apologizing for a mistake D delegating a task E requesting advice F supporting a decision G suggesting a compromise H turning down an offer13 ………………………………14 ………………………………15 ………………………………16 ………………………………17 ………………………………Section Two(Questions 18 - 22)● You will hear another five recordings.● For each recording, decide what each speaker is doing.● Write one letter (A - H) next to the number of the recording. ● Do not use any letter more than once. ● You will hear the five recordings twice.18 ………………………………19 ………………………………20 ………………………………21 ………………………………22 ………………………………PART THREE Questions 23 – 30● You will hear the Managing Director of a company that manufactures water pipesgiving a progress report to other senior managers in the same group of companies. ● For each question 23 - 30, mark one letter (A, B or C) for the correct answer.●You will hear the recording twice.23 The speaker is going to focus on his company'sA sates strategy.B personnel policy.C product range.24 Two years ago the company concentrated onA moving to new premises.B buying new machines.C designing new products.25 Last year's goal wasA to reduce staffing levels.B to prepare for a marketing campaign.C to improve financial control.26 In the smaller markets,A the company's sales are expected to fall.B more companies are selling similar products.C products from another company are cheaper.27 The company's new pipes are installedA inside existing pipes.B after old pipes have been removed.C at new locations only.28 The company aims to improve its service byA doing more to find out what its customers want.B developing products for individual customers more quickly.C increasing the amount of contact with customers.29 Towards the end of last year the company had problems withA deliveries to customers.B staffing levels.C payroll costs.30 Part of the strategy for traditional metal products is toA limit the range to the highest selling products.B vary prices according to markets.C increase the marketing budgets in certain areas.You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to your Answer Sheet.BEC中级2002年6月参考答案1-7 DBCADBA8-12 BFDAE13-18 DCAACB19-33 ACACDBDBACDBBAC34 CORRECT35 IT36 THAN37 CORRECT38 WILL39 OF40 WHICH41 AS42 CORRECT43 HAVE44 SHOULD45 CORRECT听力1.facilities manager2.coffee-served3.sound system4.video5.Finance6.expense claim7.hotel bill8.training course9.marketing executive10.product campaign11.sponsorship12.subsidiary13-22 GECDA HGBDE23-30 CABCABAB21 / 21。

2002年6月北京成人本科学位英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2002年6月北京成人本科学位英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. Reading Comprehension 3. V ocabulary and Structure 4. IdentificationPart I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor’s degree. Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. One type of test is sometimes called an “objective”test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material properly.1．In the Middle Ages students ______.A．took objective testsB．specialized in one subjectC．were timed by electric clocksD．never wrote exams正确答案：D解析：答案在第二段提到。

2002-2007年在职英语试题及答案详解(词汇和结构)

2007年在职英语试题及答案详解Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. We debated the advantages and disadvantages of filming famous works _____ intended for the theater.A. absolutelyB. conventionallyC. regularlyD. originally12. He said that the medicine the doctor gave him brought to his headache.A. retreatB. recoveryC. reliefD. relaxation13. Sociologists have long recognized that social tensions are __ elements of group life.A. averageB. routineC. normalD. standard14. In the National Zoo we can find __ animals that range from large beasts to small birds.A. a species ofB. a group ofC. a variety ofD. an amount of15. Mary had taken pains to __ that her guests had everything they could possibly want.A. seeB. knowC. feelD. learn16. Most people in the business world were told when they began their careers, not to let their resume ____ one page.A. expandB. exceedC. exposeD. extend17. A reply will be sent within the next few days along with ____ apology.A. an honestB. an innocentC. a generousD. a sincere18. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money couldA. keep up withB. stand up forC. put up withD. make up for19. Long-term use of the drug can __ the patient's personality.A. alterB. switchC. exchangeD. substitute20. The volleyball team has had five __ victories in the last three years.A. successiveB. excessiveC. subsequentD. eventual21. A series of attempts __ made, he came to a successful solution of the problem.A. to beB. had beenC. wereD. having been22. Manufacturing is Canada's most important economic activity, 17 percent of the workforce.A. to engageB. being engagedC. engagingD. engaged23. Her remarks left me wondering __ she could have changed so suddenly.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. what24. Caroline could do __ but leave although she would have liked to stay and continue talking with him.A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing25. The boy regretted having spent so much time playing when heA. should have studiedB. had studiedC. was to studyD. must study26. It was during the morning rush hour ____ the bomb exploded.A. thatB. whenC. whileD. before27. I've attached my contact information in the recommendation letter__ you have further questions.A. for goodB. in orderC. for fearD. in case28. The boss realized the importance of qualified staff, and urged all __ to participate in the training seminar.A. concerningB. the concerningC. concernedD. the concerned29. As computer systems become even more sophisticated, the methods of those who exploit the technology.A. so too doB. as well asC. likewiseD. therefore30. I was annoyed by my friend who came late for our appointment but did not bother to ask how long IA. waitedB. was waitingC. have waitedD. had been waiting答案详解：PartⅡVocabulary and Structure11-20．DCBCABDDAA 21-30 DCBDAADCAD2006年在职英语试题及答案Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points}Directions: There are g0 incomplete sentences in this .section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. The work has __ the status of a classic among the composer's admirers.A. requiredB. acquiredC.' inquiredD. inspired12. Some people think they can read a man's __ from his handwriting.A. attributeB. featureC. propertyD. character13. The young heir was so __ that he gave all his money away in a couple of yearsA. handsome B genuine C. talented D. generous14. Only by understanding the Web deeply __ hope for people to grasp its full potential.A. can there beB. can be thereC. be there canD. there can be15. What you're __ to read may challenge your assumptions about the kind of world we live in.A. aroundB. aheadC. aboveD. about16. The goal is to use crops, weeds and even animal waste _____ thepetroleum that fuels much of American manufacturing.A. in terms ofB. in favor ofC. in spite ofD. in place of17. The he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.A. momentB. timeC. occasionD. hour18. I __ rather solve the problems in my farm myself than seek the help of other people.A. shouldB. shallC. wouldD. will19. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the __ that its disadvantages are far greater than its advantages.A. solutionB. conclusionC. answerD. attention20. By the time .you have completed the essential training, you_____ exposed to virtually every new feature of the course.A. will have beenB. will beC. would have beenD. would be21. Too often teachers' __ with parents involve complaints about children's misbehaviors and laziness.A. acquaintancesB. associationC. conferencesD. consultations22. __ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.A. WhenB. WhereC. WhileD. Why23. He should __ be allowed to get up until he has completely recovered from his illness.A. in caseB. in any caseC. in that caseD. in no case24. If nature does not provide man with the necessary material, it is the laboratory __ he will turn to for it.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what25. All flights __ because of the snowstorm, they decided to take the train.A. were cancelledB. have been cancelledC. had been cancelledD. having been cancelled26. I really appreciate __ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage it myself.A. you to comeB. that you comeC. your comingD. how you come27. A new system of quality control was __ to overcome the shortcomings in the firm's products.A. investedB. informedC. introducedD. instructed28. It may be worthwhile at this moment to __ and see what results we have got after one year's experiments.A. look backB. look aroundC. look upD. look forward29. I don't think Mr. Watson will come here again today. Please give the ticket to comes here first.A. whomeverB. whomC. whoD. whoever30. Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time qualified repairmen to fix their machines.A. findingB. to findC. to findingD. having found答案：PartⅡVocabulary and structure11-20．BDDADDACBA 21-30 CCDCDCCADA2005年在职英语试题及答案Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. Scarcely ____ those words when suddenly the monster was transformed into a very handsome youth.A. had he utteredB. did he utterC. he had utteredD. he did utter12. The new automobile factory is expected to ____ around 30 000 to 50 000 vehicles annually in the first three years.A. assembleB. serviceC. supplyD. repair13. Within the foreseeable future there may be a major or species, involving from one-third to two-thirds of all the species now in existence.A. exhaustionB. exhibitionC. extensionD. extinction14. ____ we arrived in a more urban area, where Jim took me to a place called Boston Market.A. Before longB. After longC. Shortly beforeD. Shortly after15. ____ urgent the situation may be, you will need to make one change ata time, and then move on..A. AsB. WheneverC. HoweverD. Whatever16. The museum's new building will have ____ the exhibition space as before.A. three timesB. three times likeC. three times asD. three times larger17. When you are in your room, leave the door ____ so that your visitors do not have to knock.A. openB. openedC. openingD. being open18. Earth is believed to ____ by an object the size of Mars at some point in the distant past before its surface cooled.A. be hitB. have hitC. have been hitD. being hit19. The only thing ____ really matters to the parents is how soon their children can return home.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. this20. It is unacceptable that a person ____ for an uncommitted crime.A. gets punishingB. punishesC. get punishedD.punished21. In Australia the Asians have made their influence ____ in businesses, large and small.A. feelingB. feelC. feltD. to be felt22. The angry mother didn't know who ____ for the broken glass.A. will blameB. to blameC. to be blamedD. blames23. In the Chinese mind the Spring Festival is' with nice food and new clothes.A. joinedB. relatedC. linkedD. associated24. Mobile phones are proved to ____ with flight instruments and have a negative effect on light safety.A. interfereB. disturbC. interruptD. trouble25. Some governments have forbidden cigarette ____ and launched anti-smoking campaigns.A. commissionsB. commoditiesC. commercialsD. commands26. If you try to sell them something that they ____ for free, they aren't going to buy it.A. used to gettingB. used to getC. were used to getD. are used to get27. Applicants must show that they have $10 000 or more ____ for living expenses and approximately $10 000 for tuition.A. acceptableB. advisableC. availableD. applicable28. The director often says it is difficult to design a program that will meet the ____ needs of all our users.A. diverseB. distinctiveC. distinctD. distinguished29. ____, their differences, they are united by the common desire to transform their personal Commitment into public leadership.A. But forB. For allC. Above allD. Except for30. The winter just ending was ____ severe, causing great hardship to the poorer people in this area.A. exceptionallyB. explosivelyC. extensivelyD. expressively答案：Part II Vocabulary and Structure11. A 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A2004年在职英语试题及答案Paper OnePart ⅠListening Comprehension (30 minutes, 15 points) (略)Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.16. If the work ____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be heavily fined.A. is completedB. to be completedC. will have been completedD. will be completed17. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ____ our chairman now.A. must beB. would have beenC. shall beD. would be18. ____ pollution control measures tend to be money consuming, many industries hesitate to adopt them.A. AlthoughB. HoweverC. WhenD. Since19. ____ is often the case with a new idea, much initial activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposal.A. ItB. WhichC. AsD. That20. According to the ____ of the contract, employees must give six months' notice if they intend to leave.A. lawsB. rulesC. termsD. details21. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants ____ in the wild.A. once they grewB. that once grewC. they grew onceD. once grew22. The ____ meter can detect even a very small amount of gas in the room.A. sensibleB. sensitiveC. sensingD. sensed23. Not until recent yeas ____ a popular means of communication.A. e-mail becameB. e-mail has becomeC．did e-mail become D．will e-mail become24．Mobile phones have proved to ____ with night instruments and have a negative effect on flight safety．A．interfere B．disturb C interrupt D. trouble25．Although there are many predictions about the future, no one knows for sure ____ the world would be like in 50 years．A．how． B. that C. which D．what26．The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to ____ the investment plan within a week．A．work out B．put out C. make out D set out27．I was speaking to Ann on the phone about our tour plan ____ suddenly we were cut off.A. that B．while C before D. when28．Television will provide information on prices at the nearby shops ____ news and entertainment．A. as many as B．as far as C．as well as D. as long as29．____，there searchers cannot concentrate on that very precise experiment．A．With you standing there B．on your standing thereC. You are standing thereD. You stand there30．Jane takes an ____ interest in clothes and is very particular about what she wears.A. exhaustive B．excelling C. executive D. excessive31．She went to Europe on vacation but her happy time ended in ____ when their hotel caught fire.A．tragedy B．crisis C. drama D．misfortune32．You could become a good musician, but your lack of practice is ____ you ____.A．taking...over B．holding...back C making...up D. 1eaving...out 33．Retail sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose 57．8％and 46．8％____ last year．A．individually B. respectively C. correspondingly D．accordingly 34．The managing director took the ____ for the accident, although it was not really his fault．A．guilt B．blame C. charge D．accusation35．It is requested that all the students ____ present at the meeting tomorrow．A. wereB. will beC. areD. be答案：Part II Vocabulary and Structure16-20：B D D C C 21-25：B B C A D26-30：ADCAD 31-35：A B B B D2003年在职英语试题及答案Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes, 15 points)(略)Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure ( 20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.l6. Scientists estimate that about 530 000 other objects, too small to detect with radar, _____ the Earth too.A. being circledB. are circlingC. are to be circlingD. are being circled17. During the past years the _____ of automobile accidents in New York City has decreased.A. degreeB. quantityC. numberD. amount18. Both approaches require that the' actor _____ his or her own personal values as well as the character.A. must understandB. should understandC. has to understandD. need to understand19. It is wrong for people to think that experts are _____ right when they explain their ideas on some subjects.A. steadilyB. constantlyC. persistentlyD. continuously20. We had a party last weekend, and it was a lot of fun. So let's have _____ one this weekend.A. anotherB. moreC. the otherD. other21. The brave firemen had fought for days before they managed to _____ the forest fire.A. put onB. put upC. put offD. put out22. You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting _____ you don't mind taking the night train.A. ifB. unlessC. thoughD. until23. He _____ that a combination of recent oil discoveries and the advance of new technology will lead to a decline in the price of crude oil.A. predictsB. compelsC. arrangesD. disputes24. _____ in a simple style, the book clearly describes the author's childhood experiences in a small town.A. WritingB. To be writtenC. Being writtenD. Written25. For these reasons, the newspaper is having _____ problems in the north of the country.A. distributionB. regulationC. recognitionD. destruction26. The parents were much kinder to their youngest child than they were to the others, _____, of course, made the others jealous.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who27. "Sorry, there are no tickets _____ for tomorrow's performance." the ticket officer said politely.A. preferableB. considerableC. accessibleD. available28. With temperature _____ so rapidly, we could not go on with the experiment.A. fellB. fallC. fallingD. fallen29. History has demonstrated that countries with different social systems can join hands in meeting the common challenges to human and development.A. evolutionB. survivalC. satisfactionD. damage30. _____ before we departed last weekend, we would have had a wonderful dinner party.A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive31. A lot of people were ready to work long hours because high unemployment meant that they could easily be_____.A. separatedB. appointedC. transferredD. replaced32. _____ that saw the trade between the two countries reach its highest point.A. During the 1990'sB. That it was in the 1990'sC. It was in the 1990'sD. It was the 1990's33. They have been waiting for many hours. The airplane must have been _____.A. of scheduleB. on scheduleC. ahead of scheduleD. behind schedule34. The manager promised to keep me _____ of how our business was going on.A. informedB. informingC. to be informedD. having informed35. We can't afford to let the situation get worse. We have to take _____ to put it right.A. decisionsB. advantagesC. sidesD. steps答案：Part II Vocabulary and Structure16.B 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.A 21.D 22.A 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.B 30.A 31.D 32.D 33.D 34.A 35.D2002年在职英语试题及答案Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and StructureDirections：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．1．Experiments in the photography of moving objects____ in both the United States and Europe well before 1990．A．have been conducting B．were conductingC．had been conducted D．are conducted2．After long negotiations，the firm____ to build a double-purpose bridge across the river．A．contracted B．contactedC．consulted D．convinced3．Diderot was also a philosophical materialist，____ that thought developed from the movements and changes of matter．A．believing B．have been locatedC．believes D．be locating4．We felt____ to dea th because we could make nothing of the lecturer’s speech．A．exposed B．tiredC．exhausted D．bored5．The population of many Alaskan cities has____ doubled in the past three years．A．larger than B．more thanC．as great as D．as many as6．It was very difficult to build a power station in the deep valley，but it____ as we had hoped．A．came off B．went offC．brought out D．made out7．A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult，____ he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant．A．if B．wheneverC．so that D．whereas8．Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th____ the birth of Jesus Christ．A．in accordance with B．in terms ofC．in favor of D．in honor of9．Weather____ ，there will be an open air party with live music here this weekend．A．permits B．should permitC．will permit D．permitting10．When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard to lay them____.A．off B．asideC．out D．down11．The symbols of mathematics____ we are most familiar are the signs of addition，subtraction，multiplication，division and equality．A．to which B．whichC．with which D．in which12.The machines in this workshop are not regulated___ but are jointly controlled by a central computer system．A．inevitably B．individuallyC．irrespectively D．irregularly13．We are sure that____ to do this face to face，he would find it difficult to express himself without losing his temper．A．were he to try B．would he tryC．was he trying D．if he triesl4．The local people were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longer____ according to the weather．A．evaluated B．convertedC．fluctuated D．modifiedl5．____ he realized it was already too late for us to return home．A．No sooner it grew dark when B．Hardly it grew dark thanC．It was not until dark that D．Scarcely it grew dark than16．Without computer network，it would be impossible to carry on____ any business operation in the advanced countries．A．practically B．preferablyC．precisely D．possibly17．____ will Mr．Forbes be able to regain control of the company．A．With hard work B．As regards his hard workC．Only if he works hard D．Despite his hard Work18．From the incident they have learned a lesson：____ decisions often lead to bitter regrets．A．urgent B．hastyC．instant D．prompt19.What the teacher of the science class does and says____ of great importance to the students at college．A．was B．areC．is D．were20．The Chinese community there，consisting of 67 000____ ，is the largest concentration of Chinese outside Asia．A．visitors B．workersC．adults D．inhabitants答案：1—5 CAADB 6—10ADDDA 11-15CBACC 16-20ACBCD。

2002年在职攻硕英语联考真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2002年在职攻硕英语联考真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.7 billion Euros annually. This is about 4 percent of the budget for “Common Agricultural Policy,” and the compensation is expected to rise to 10 percent within the next few years. Various forms of “green farming” employed around the world have proved successful, and all new methods thought to be environmentally sensitive should be subject to sound scientific evaluation to determine whether they are actually meeting the intended goals.正确答案：1981年以来，荷兰农民被鼓励采用被认为有利于植物和鸟类的“绿色”耕种技术。

自愿采用这种技术的农民由欧盟给予补偿。

该项目的目的是消除现代农业所带来的负面影响，如物种多样性的下降、对当地筑巢所在地的侵扰等。

欧盟每年用于“绿色”耕种技术(方法)的费用达17亿欧元，大约占“共同农业政策”预算的4%，而且，该项补偿费在未来的几年内将上涨到10%。

世界各地采用的各种形式的“绿色耕种”已证明是成功的。

所有被认为对环境有影响的新方法都应该接受科学评估，以确定它们是否真正达到了预期目标。

解析：第一句：Since 1981, farmers in Holland have been encouraged to adopt “green”farming techniques that were thought to benefit plant and bird life. 译文：自1981年以来，荷兰农民受鼓励一直采用那些认为是有利于植物和鸟类的“绿色”耕种技术。

02年职称英语考试综合类(A级)试题及答案

02年职称英语考试综合类(A级)试题及答案5第二篇Characteristics of PublieityPublicity offers several benefits．There are no costs for message time or space.An ad in prime-time television may cost$250，000 to$500，000 or more per minute，whereas a five-minute report on a network newscast would not cost anything．However,there are costs for news releases, a publicity department，and other items．As with advertising，publicity reaches a mass audience.Within a short time，new products or company policies are widely known．Line 5Credibility about messages is high，because they are reported in independent media.A newspaper review of a movie has more believability than an ad in the same paper,because the reader associates independence with objectivity．Similarly,people are more likely to pay attention to news reports than to ads．For example，The Women’s Wear Daily has both fashion reports and advertisements．Readers spend time reading the stories，but they flip through(浏览)the ads．Furhermore，there may be 10 commercials during a half-hour television program or hundreds of ads in a magazine．Feature stories are much fewer in number and stand out clearly．Publicity also has some significant limitations．A firm has little control over messages，their timing，their placement，or their coverage by a given medium．It may issue dctailed news releases and find only portions cited by the media；and media have the ability to be much more critical than a company would like．For example．in 1 982，Procter&Gamble faced a substantial publicity problem over the meaning of its 123-year-old company logo(标志)．A few ministers and other private citizens believed that the symbol was sacrilegious(亵渎的)．These beliefs were covered extensively by the media and resulted in the firm receiving 1 5，000 phonecalls about the rumor in June alone.To combat this negative publicity,the firm issued news releases featuring prominent clergy(神父) that refuted(消除)the rumors，threatened to sue(控告)those people spreading the stories，and had a spokesperson appear on Good Morning America．The media．cooperated with the company and the false rumors were temporarily put to rest．However, in 1985，negative publicity became so disruptive that Procter&Gamble decided to remove the logo from its products．A firm may want publicity during certain periods，such as when a new product is introduced or new store opened．but the media may not cover the introduetion or openmg until after the time it would aid the firm．Similarly,the media determine the placement of a story；it may follow areport on crime or sports.Finally,the media determine whether to cover a story at all and the amount of coverage to be devoted to it．A company-sponsored jobs program might go unreported or receive three．sentence coverage in a local newspaper．36 The word”mass”in Line 5 could best be replaced byA grouped．B crowded．C gathered．D large．37 The second paragraph implies that people are more likely to believe storiesA in a newspaper than in a women’s daily．B in a newspaper than in a magazine．C in an independent newspaper than in a dependent newspaper．D in a magazine than in a local newspaper．38 According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?A A firm can control and time publicity accurately．B A firm can neither control nor time publicity accurately．C A firm can either control or time publicity accurately．D In most cases a firm can control and time publicity accurately．39 The example in Paragraph 4 is intended to demonstrateA the power of publicity．B the victim of publicity．C the terrible effects of rumors．D the vulnerability of people to publicity．40 The passage implies thatA the placement of a story is not quite important．B the report of a crime may not be true．C local newspapers are not interested in company-sponsored programs.D publicity is not always necessary．。

2002年MBA英语真题及-答案

2002年MBA英语真题及答案考生须知选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类型答题卡上的答案无效。

其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。

交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

2002年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Vocabulary (10 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.21.The precious manuscripts were hopelessly by long exposure in the cold, damp cellar.A．ruined B. damagedC. destroyedD. harmed22. the board of the company has decided to its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.A. extendB. enlargeC. expandD. amplify23.That sound doesn’t in his language, so it’s difficult for him to pronounce it .A. happenB. occurC. haveD. take place24. the accommodation was cheap, but the food was very .A. highB. costlyC. dearD. overpaid/25.My boss insists on seeing everything in before he makes a decision.A. black and blueB. red and blueC. black and whiteD. green and yellow26. The work is not very profitable cash, but I am getting valuable experience from it.A. in the light ofB. according toC. on the basis ofD. in terms of27. At the meeting ,Smith argued in favor of the proposal.A. severelyB. warmlyC. forcefullyD. heavily28. His attention often at lectures, No wonder he failed the exam.A. branchedB. wonderedC. wanderedD. went out29.It’s often a mistake to appearance: that poor-looking individual is anything but poor. In fact, he is a millionaire.A. go overB. go byC. go againstD. go for30. He doesn‘t seem to be able to any interest in his studies.A. make upB. work upC. turn upD. use up31.Man has used metals for centuries in gradually increasing quantities but it was the Industrial Revolution that they came to be employed in really vastquantities.A. tillB. untilC. not untilD. not till32. His brother had become a financier, he wanted to be.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that33. These goods are sold at reduced prices, .A. the defects are pointed out to the customersB. the defects pointed out to the customersC. the defects have been pointed out to the customersD. the defects being pointed out to the customers34. Basic research provides the capital fund of scientific knowledge, which the applied researchers drew to give society a rich rate of interest.A. onB. upC. outD. to35. I’ve kept up a friendship with a girl who I was at school twenty years ago.A. aboutB. sinceC. withD. till36. is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production./A. WhatB. ThatC. itD. As37. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, could go penniless by next year.A. the larger oneB. the larger of whichC. the largest oneD. the largest of which38. For my own part, in seems that the main requirement of an international language is that it .A. would be easily learnedB. is easily learnedC. will be easily learnedD. be easily learned39. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than in the public mind today.A. existB. existsC. existingD. existed40. the government is believed to be considering a law making it a crime to import any kind of weapon.A. to passB. to have passedC. passingD. having passedSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit, which must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to 41 or refuse these permits, and there is little that can be 42 about it, it would be extremely unwise 43 a foreign visitor to work without a permit, since anyone doing so is 44 to immediate deportation. There are some 45 to this rule, most notably people from the Common Market countries, who are 46to work without permits and who are often given temporary residence permits of up to five years. Some 47 people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others, can work without permits.The problem with the Act is not just that some of its rules are unfair but 48 itis administered, and the people who administer it.An immigration official has the power to stop 2 visitor 49these shores coming into the country, if this happens the visitor has the 50 to appeal to the Immigration Appeal Tribunal. While the appeals are being considered, the visitor has no choice but to wait sometimes for quite a long time.41. A. allow B. admit C. present D. grant42. A. made B. done C. explained D. talked43. A. for B. to C. as D. in44. A. apt B. likely C. liable D. inclined45. A. exemptions B. exceptions C. excerptions D. expositions46. A. prescribed B. qualified C. entitled D. certified47. A. more B. fewer C. others D. other48. A. the way B. that C. the time D. what49. A. out of B. to C. from D. off50. A. honor B. force C. right D. authoritySection IV Reading Comprehension (40 points)/Part ADirections: There are 4 passages m this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked , B, C, and D, you should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET I with a pencil.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:Shoppers who have flocked to online stores for their holiday shopping are losing privacy with every mouse click, according to a new report. The study by the Washington-based Electronic Privacy Information Center scrutinized(仔细审查)privacy policies on 100 of the most popular online shopping sites and compared those policies with a set of basic privacy principles that have come to be known as “fair information practices.”The group found that none of the 100 sites met all of the basic criteria for privacy protection, which include giving notice of what information is collected and how it is used, offering consumers a choice over whether the information will be used in certain ways, allowing access to data that give consumers a chance to see and correct the information collected, and instituting the kind of security measures that ensure that information won’t fall into the wrong hands.“This study shows that somebody else, other than Santa, is reading your Christmas list,”said Jeff Chester, executive director of the Center for Media Education, which also worked on the survey.The online privacy of children is protected by Federal Trade Commission rules, but adults do not share the same degree of privacy protection. The movement, like theonline shopping industry, favors selfregulation over imposition of further movement restrictions on electronic commerce.”Marc Rosenberg, executive director of the privacy group, said the study shows that self regulations have failed, “We need legislation to enforce fair information pretences,” he said. “Consumers are at greeter risk than they were in 1997,” when the group released its first report. The survey also asked whether the 100 sites used”profilebased”advertising, and whether the sites incorporate “cookies ”technology, which gives Web sites basic information on visitors. Profiling is the practice of gathering in then used to create targeted advertising on Wed sites.All but 18 of the top shopping sites did display a privacy policy, a major improvement over the early days of electronic commerce, when such policies were scarce. But that did not satisfy the privacy group:”Companies arc posting privacy policies, but these policies are not the same thing As fair information practices,” Rosenberg said. The sites also did not perform well by other measures, the group said it found that 35 of the sites feature profilebased advertising, and 87 percent use cookies, The group concluded that the phonies that were posted “are typically confusing, incomplete, and inconsistent”, The report, “Surfer Beware III: Privacy Policies Without Privacy Protection, ” is the third such survey by the group, It called for further development of technologies that help consumers protect their privacy and even anonymity (匿名)when exploring the internet. 51What does the sentence “This study shows that somebody else, other than Santa, is reading your Christmas list” mean?A. the study shows that someone else would buy consumers a gift for ChristmasB. The study shows thatconsumers’ privacy is being invaded. C. the study shows that companies want to make a Christmas list for children. D. the study shows that Santa would not bring the Christmas gifts this year. 52.Which of the following is not in the list of the basic criteria of privacy protection mentioned in paragraph 3?A. Give notice of what in formation is collected and how it is used to consumers.B. Allow access to data that give consumers a chance to see and correct the information collected.C. Make consumers believe that the information provided by the sites is surely correct. /D. Institute the kind of security measures that ensure that the information won’t fall into the wrong hands. 53. it could be drawn from the passage that . A. the Washington-based Electronic Privacy Information Center has released at least 3 reports concerning the online privacyB. adults cannot get any online privacy protectionC. both the online privacy of children and that of adults are not protected by FTC rulesD. only 18 of the top shopping sites displayed a privacy policy nowadays 54. What does the passage mainly talk about?/A. Mare Rosenberg’s study on self-regulation.B. Some online problems found by a privacy group’s study.C. Adults and children are different.D. Online security measures.Questions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage: Suppose you go into a fritterer’s shop, wanting an apple-you take up one, and on biting it you find it is sour; you look at it, and see that it is hard and green. You take up another one, and that, too, is hard, green, and sour. The shipman offers you a third; but, before biting it, you examine it, and find that it is hard and green, and you immediately say that you will not have it, as it must be sour, like those that you have already tried.Nothing can be more simple than that, you think; but if you will take the trouble to analyze and trace out into its logical elements what has been done by the mind, you will be greatly surprised. In the first place you have performed the operation of induction You find that, in two experiences, hardness and greenness in apples went together with sourness. It was so in the first case, and it was confirmed by the second. Trued, it is a very small basis, but still it is enough from which to make an induction; you generalize the facts, and you expect to find spumes in apples where you get hardness and greenness. You found upon that a general law, that all hard and green apples are sour; and that, so far as it goes, is a perfect induction. Well, having got your natural law in this way, when you are offered another apple which you find it hard and green ,you say, “AII hard and green apples are sour; this apple is hard and green; therefore, this apple is sour.”That train of reasoning is what logicians call a syllogism ,and has all its various parts and terms-its major premises, its minor premises, and its conclusion, And by the help of further reasoning, which, if drawnout, would have to be exhibited in two or three other syllogisms, you arrive at your final determination, “I will not have that apple.” So that, you see, you have,in the first place, established a law by induction, and upon that you have founded a deduction, and reasoned out the special particular case. Well now, suppose, having got your conclusion of the law, that at some times afterwards, you are discussing the qualitiesof apple with a friend; you will say to him, “It isa very curious thing, but I find that all hard and green apples are sour!” Your friend says to you, “But how do you know that?” You at once reply, “On, becauseI have tried them over ad over again, and have always found them to be so.” Well, if we ware talking science instead of common sense, we should call that an experimental verification. And, if still opposed, you go further, and say, “I have heard from people, In Somerset shire and Devon shire and Devon shire, where a large number of apples are grown, and in London, where many apples are sold and eaten, that they have observed the same thing it is also found to be the case in Normandy, and in North America, in short, I find it to be the universal experience of mankind wherever attention has been directed to the subject.”Whereupon, your friend, unless he is a very unreasonable man, agrees with you, and is convinced that you are quite right in the conclusion you have drawn He believes, although perhaps he does not know he believes it, that the more extensive verifications have been made, and results of the same kind arrived at –that the more varied the conditions under which the same results are attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion, and he disputes the question no further. He sees that the experiment has been tried under all sorts ofconditions, as to time, place, and people, with the same result; and he says with you, therefore, that the law you have laid down must be a good one, and he must believe it./55. Apples are used . A. in order to convince the reader that fruit has no intellectB. to illustrate the subject of the passageC. to give color to the storyD. to show how foolish logic is56. the term” natural law ” as it appears in the text refers to . A. common senseB. the result of an inductionC. the order of natureD. a scientific discovery 57. it you find a hard and green apple that is not sour, you should . A. try more apples to see if the natural law has changed B. eat the rest of the apple at once C. reject the law stating that hard and green apples are usually sour D. conduct further investigations and make adjustments to the law of apples as necessary58. The writer is probablyA. FrenchB. EnglishC. AmericanD. None of the aboveQuestions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:Government is not made in virtue of natural rights, which may and do exist in total independence of it; and exist in much greater clearness, and in a much greater degree of abstract perfection; but their abstract perfection is their practical defect. By having a right to everything, men want everything, Government is a contrivance of human wisdom to provide for human wants. Men have a right that these wants should be provided for by this wisdom. Among these wants is to be reckoned the want, out of civil society, of a sufficient restraint upon their passions. Society requires not only that the passions of individuals should be subjected, but that even in the mass and body, as well as in the individuals, the inclinations of men should frequently be thwarted ,their will controlled, and their passions brought into subjection. This can only be done by a power out of themselves; and not, in the exercise of its function, subject to that will and those passions which it is its office to bridle and subdue. In this sense, the liberties and the restrictions vary with times and circumstances, and admit to infinite modifications, they cannot be settled upon byany abstract rule; and nothing is so foolish as to discuss them upon that principle.The moment you abate anything from the full rights o men ,each to golem himself ,and suffer any artificial, positive limitation upon those rights, from that moment the whole organization of government becomes a consideration of convenience. This it is which makes the contusion of a state, and the due distribution of its powers, a matter of the most delicate and complicated skill. It requires a deep knowledge of human nature and human necessities, and of the thugs that facilitate or obstruct the various ends, which are to be pursued bythe mechanism of civil institutions .The state is to have recruits to its strength, and remedies to its distempers. What is the use of discussing a man’s abstract right to food and medicine? The question is upon the method of procuring and administering them. In that deliberation, I shall always advise to call in the and of the farmer and the physician, rather than the professor of metaphysics (形而上学)。

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2002年在职英语试题及答案Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Experiments in the photography of moving objects _____ in both the United States and Europewell before 1990.A. have been conductingB. were conductingC. had been conductedD. are conducted2. After long negotiations, the firm _____ to build a double-purpose bridge across the river.A. contractedB. contactedC. consultedD. convinced3. Diderot was also a philosophical materialist, _____ that thought developed from the movementsand changes of matter.A. believingB. have been locatedC. believesD. be locating4. We felt _____ to death because we could make nothing of the lecturer’s speech.A. exposedB. tiredC. exhaustedD. bored5. The population of many Alaskan cities has _____ doubled in the past three years.A. larger thanB. more thanC. as great asD. as many as6. It was very difficult to build a power station in the deep valley, but it _____ as we had hoped.A. came offB. went offC. brought outD. made out7. A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, _____ he is likely to smile and reach out toanother infant.A. ifB. wheneverC. so thatD. whereas8. Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th _____ the birth of Jesus Christ.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor of9. Weather _____,there will be an open air party with live music here this weekend.A. permitsB. should permitC. will permitD. permitting10. When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _____.A. offB. asideC. outD. down11. The symbols of mathematics _____ we are most familiar are the signs of addition, subtraction,multiplication, division and equality.A. to whichB. whichC. with whichD. in which12. The machines in this workshop are not regulated___ but are jointly controlled by a centralcomputer system.A. inevitablyB. individuallyC. irrespectivelyD. irregularly13. We are sure that _____ to do this face to face, he would find it difficult to express himselfwithout losing his temper.A. were he to tryB. would he tryC. was he tryingD. if he triesl4. The local people were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longer _____ according to the weather.A. evaluatedB. convertedC. fluctuatedD. modifiedl5. _____ he realized it was already too late for us to return home.A. No sooner it grew dark whenB. Hardly it grew dark thanC. It was not until dark thatD. Scarcely it grew dark than16. Without computer network, it would be impossible to carry on _____ any business operationin the advanced countries.A. practicallyB. preferablyC. preciselyD. possibly17. _____ will Mr. Forbes be able to regain control of the company.A. With hard workB. As regards his hard workC. Only if he works hardD. Despite his hard Work18. From the incident they have learned a lesson: _____ decisions often lead to bitter regrets.A. urgentB. hastyC. instantD. prompt19.What the teacher of the science class does and says _____ of great importance to thestudents at college.A. wasB. areC. isD. were20. The Chinese community there, consisting of 67 000 _____,is the largest concentration ofChinese outside Asia.A. visitorsB. workersC. adultsD. inhabitantsPart II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 5 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneIn the United States the way people spend their leisure time is an important part of their identity. Perhaps everybody does nearly the same thing all day in the office or the factory, but leisure time is what makes people distinct and reveals who they are. Some people like rock music, for example, and others may like jazz or classical music. Some people are runners or swimmers, and others are “couch(睡椅)potatoes” who “surf” the television channels with a remote control. Some go to museums while others spend long hours at a shopping centre. These kinds of choices are ways that people define themselves.It hasn’t always been this way. “Leisure time” was almost unknown in the United States in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. When most people worked on farms, the workday was from sunrise to sunset every day except Sunday, which was devoted to church. Later, with the rise of factories and city populations, people worked equally long hours and had only Sunday for rest. Some people did many of the things then that they do now—attend concerts, have parties, go to restaurants. read novels, or play sports—but to a much lesser extent.Slowly, throughout the twentieth century, leisure time grew. Technology made farm work less burdensome, and changes in laws shortened the factory work day and week. New inventions such as the phonograph(留声机)and the radio gave people access to music and mass entertainment on a scale unknown before. People gradually became consumers of entertainment, and businesses competed fiercely for their dollars.For many people leisure time means going somewhere—to a museum, to a concert, to a restaurant, or to a baseball game, for example. Or it means doing something such as playing volleyball, backpacking, swimming, biking, or playing in a park with their children. For otherpeople free time means staying home with wonderful sources of entertainment, such as a VCR, stereo(立体声系统), or cable TV with dozens of channels. Others pursue creative activities such as cooking, gardening, and home improvement. The latest stay-at-home activity is “surfing the net”—that is, looking for information and entertainment on the Internet.People in the United States are basically not much different from others in what they do in their leisure time. The real difference may lie in the energy, time, money, and sheer enthusiasm that they devote to it.21. “Couch potatoes” in paragraph 1 refers to those who _____.A. control their viewing of TV programsB. are happy watching situation comediesC. watch TV while eating potato chipsD. are crazy about watching TV programs22. According to the passage, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, some Americans _____ .A. worked from sunrise to sunset seven days a weekB. preferred working in factories to working on farmsC. had many of the leisure time activities that people now haveD. fought for shorter working hours and more leisure time23. Apart from technology, the growing leisure time throughout the twentieth century is also due to _____.A. changes in lawsB. mass entertainmentC. new types of consumptionD. competitive businesses24. In terms of leisure time activities, people in the United States_____.A. enjoy a larger variety than people in other countriesB. are not much different from people in other countriesC. enjoy more stay—at—home activities such as “surfing the net’’D. are less energetic and enthusiastic than othersPassage TwoWhether you are logging on to your personal computer, using a credit card, or disarming a door security system, passwords or PINs (personal identification numbers)jealously guard access to numerous regular operations. It is estimated that within ten years, consumers could be faced with handling more than 100 passwords! Given the popularity of passwords, how Can you choose ones that are sufficiently complicated to be secure yet are simple enough to remember?There are basic guidelines to bear in mind. First, the don’ts. Don’t use as a password your name or that of a member of your family, even in modified form. Also avoid use of your telephone number, your Social Security number, or your address. Such information Can easily be obtained by a determined hacker(黑客).In addition, if possible, don’t use passwords made up entirely of letters or digits. A relatively simple computer program can crack such a code quickly. Finally, do not use a word that can be found in any dictionary, even a foreign-language one. Huge lists are available that contain words, place names, and proper names from all languages. Programs can test for variations of these words, such as if they are spelled backward, capitalized, or combined.So, what kinds of passwords should be used? Usually ones that have a minimum of six to eight characters and that have a mixture of upper—and lower-case letters, digits, and punctuation(标点)symbols. How difficult is it to crack such a combination of characters? One source says that “a machine that could try one million passwords per second would require, on theaverage, over one hundred years.”How can you choose a combination that is easy to remember?Some suggest that you take the title of a favorite book or film or a line from a song or poem and use the first letter from each word as your password, adding capital letters, punctuation, or other characters. For example, “to be or not to be” could become “2B／not2B”.Other suggestions include taking two short words and link them with a punctuation character. such as “High。

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