概要写作--分类讲解
高考英语新题型概要写作
II. 概要写作四项原则
1. 使用第三人称 2. 不加入自己的观点 3. 不对原文内容加以评论 4. 不加入与原文无关的信息
III. 写作步骤
1. 通读全文，理清结构 1）阅读并抓住主题，提取主旨大意，即有关主题 的主要内容或者作者在该主题上的观点或主张。 2）确定段落主旨句时，应兼顾语篇大背景，即在 全文主旨大意的统领下归纳段落主旨。 3）不是所有的段落都有现成的段落主旨句，有的 需要你自己去归纳、概括。
Sep 3 合并改写，润色升级 第一部分： However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
Attitudes towards dirt have been changing over time. (对原要点语义转换)
第二部分： In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.
在18世纪时，人们对于“dirt”态度发生的变化。
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist ( 免 疫 学 家 ) ， encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong Immune system. And the latter( 后 者 ) position Is gaining some ground.
【原创】概要写作(1)：析、提、造、衔
概要写作（1）：析、提、造、衔今天我来手把手指导一下概要写作的写作步骤。
先说概要写作的写作必备技能：概要写作分为四步：1.分析：语篇结构2.提取：段落关键词3.造句：用关键词来造句4.衔接：在五个句子之间探究逻辑关系解释：1.第一步：分析结构非常关键，会让你胸有成竹，知道每个段落的中心落脚点在哪里。
常见的结构是：现象、原因、建议；问题、原因、建议；现象、解释如果知道结构，那么进行原因概况时，不至于把无关例子的细节放进去，或者最后讲建议的时候，以为还是原因，从而把整个逻辑都搞乱了。
2.第二步：每个段落的主题句在哪里，要心里有谱。
但实际上很多人到了这一步就晕了。
英语的主题句一般都是段首句，但情况也是复杂的。
段落里的展开方式有很多种，我就说几种考试中常见的吧：导入观点1，批驳或进一步修正，解释。
这种就是修正观点了。
导入现象，进行解释，最后总结。
这种是最后总结句。
还有对比论证，分层罗列。
找到主题句，我们不要照抄，而是提取关键词。
可惜我们很多同学学的比较死，譬如我有时候说例子不要放进去，但是有些例子还是很重要的嘛，尤其是：主题句+分层次分析例子。
你把例子去掉后，会发现下面段落都连接不上了，怎么办？最好要把例子笼统化，然后提取一些关键词。
3.第三步，造句。
前面如果都大致不差的话，这一步造句只要不是照抄原句，即使造句非常简单，16分都会有。
但是如果想更高，你就要充分利用各种同义表达的高级短语和语法结构来架构了。
4.第四步，衔接。
把每个段落的概要都写好后，你会发现整体上逻辑似乎不怎么搭。
接下来你的任务就是在搞懂文章结构的基础上加衔接词或改变一些词汇。
（熟练的话，造句的时候就解决了）要使得文章逻辑通顺，你需要牢记三大衔接技能：加连接词；用指示或人称代词；重复关键词下面看题：（我校国庆节过后的周测试题）阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs. At any moment, you can fill your headphones with the sounds of a particular song that suits your mood at that exact time.Music is so common. But have you realized the power of it? Are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? Maybe some hip hop with a strong beat will do the trick! Besides, you might be ready to s tudy for a big exam the next day. To help you study better, a little bit of Mozart might make you remember things better.We may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in somesituations. But is there any scientific evidence showing that music really has such effect on people? Of course, there is! Scientists have long recognized the power of music. Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the effects music has on people. Scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood. Their research gives scientific credibility(可靠性) to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own: listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood.Other studies have shown that upbeat music isn't the only type of music that can be helpful, however. When people are sad or have suffered a sense of loss, sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate (引起共鸣) with the listeners. Likewise, people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music. Al-though angry music might not help you if you're in a normal mood, its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations.解题指导：一. 分析：语篇结构导入、主题、实验、结果看清楚了啊，这属于现象解释类的。
最新高考英语写作专题概要写作PPT课件
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I went on to another grocery store, staying for
about five minutes while shopping for tomatoes,
onions and other vegetables. During that time,
the man managed to sit up and wave to passing
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第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？Sam got to a boarding school and he felt homesick.
(2) 结果如何？He got sick. He was angry with his parents and felt lonely.
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［例2］ (2011年广州一模) 阅读下面短文, 然后按要求写一篇150词左右 的英语短文。—内容略
［写作内容］ 1. 以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要内容； 2. 然后以约120个词写一篇读后感, 说明“诚 信的重要性”。
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[解题过程] 第一步, 根据[写作内容2] , 快速获取大
意。[写作内容2]说明“诚信的重要性”， 扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记 叙文, 那么我们可以形成概要框架: 作者讲 述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样, 就有了方向和思路了。
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第二步：阅读材料, 回答以下三个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？The writer tells a story of an overseas Chinese student. The student had been caught without a ticket in the subway three times.
高考英语新题型---概要写作讲解
高考英语新题型----概要写作讲解概要写作也是2016年《普通高等学校招生统一考试考试说明》中最新推出的高考综合改革试验省份试用的两种新型写作形式之一,将与另一种写作题型读后续写于不同考次不定期交替使用。
1.考试要求提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
概要写作或读后续写,两种形式在不同考次不定期交换使用。
2评分标准(1)评分原则①本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。
②评分时,先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。
③词数少于40的和多于80的,从总分中减去2分④评分时,应注意要从以下四个方面考虑。
◆对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;◆应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;◆上下文的连贯性;◆对各要点表达的独立性情况。
⑤拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
⑥如书写较差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。
概要写作属于限制性写作。
主要考查考生凝缩大段阅读文字的概括能力,如考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力。
同时,考查考生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
4.选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;(2)所选材料体裁没有限制,以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
5.题型特点简言之,概要写作就是对所读过的文章简要概括,写出文章的中心大意,也可称之为摘要。
写概要时,读者要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来,而不是抄袭文章的原句,更不是把细节性信息作为中心,而是要通过对文章中的单词词组和句子进行合理转换,对文章的具体信息进行概括,再用合适的语言表述出来。
因此,概要写作基于阅读理解和书面表达,是二者的有机结合体,是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
6.概要写作解题策略和技巧写作步骤(1)细读原文。
首先要仔细阅读短文,掌握文章的主旨和结构,明确各段的大意。
英语概要写作ppt课件
21-25 分
16-20 分
11-15 分
1.理解准确，函盖全部要点。 2.能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。 3.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。 4.完全使用白己的语言
1.理解准确，函盖绝大部分要点。 2.所使用语法结构和词汇可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达。 3.比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。 4.有个别整句抄白原文
所给阅读材料核对一遍， 看原材料中的要点是否在 概要中都得到了体现，语 句间的接是否符合逻辑， 同时还需要检查句子是否 有错误，时态和语态的使 用是否正确，标点、格式、 大小写是否有误等通过细 致的修正与调整，力争使 文章在各个方面都万无失。
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二，记叙文的概要写作
对记叙文进行概括时，要抓住原文的人物、事件、结果三大要素。有些记叙文的结尾有一个点题句， 表达深刻内涵或故事带给人们的启示，在写摘要时也需把故事寓意表达出来。
说明文可用以下开头语: ① According to the passage， we can know根据文章我们可知…… 2 This passage/article is mainly about.这篇文章主要是关于 ③ in the passage， the writer/author mainly tells us在这篇文章中作者主 要告诉我们… ④ A new study found.-个新的研究发现… ⑤ The purpose of the report is to show.这一报告的目的是表明……
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3，认真 审题，注 意表达
(1)确定人称:如果原文是第一人称，在转述时一般要改为第三人称，
(2)确定时态:记叙文以一般过去时为主。若记叙文中有作者从中得 到的“启示”或“意义”等，一般用一般现在时表达
高中英语概要写作题型解读与技巧
概要写作题型解读与技巧第一部分概要写作总体介绍1.题型介绍◆选材特点(1)所需阅读的短文词数在350以内;(2)所选材料体裁没有限制，以说明文、议论文和记叙文为主。
◆评分参考阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;(3)上下文的连贯性;(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。
注意：理解准确，涵盖全部要求，完全使用自己的语言，准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇，得分相应比较高。
相反，如果概要写作部分出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象，得分档次将会大大降低;所写内容与所提供内容无关不得分。
2考查能力概要写作，简言之就是对所读过的文章简要概括，写出文章的中心大意，也可称之为摘要。
写概要时，读者要是把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，而不是抄袭文章的原句，更不是把细节性信息作为中心，而是要通过对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换，对文章的具体信息进行概括，再用合适的语言表述出来。
这一题型主要考查学生对文章主旨大意的概括和准确获取关键词的能力，同时考查学生用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
第二部分概要写作步骤和方法一．概括的写作步骤：1. 确定主题句。
确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。
没有主题句的需要自己组合。
2. 寻找关键词。
分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。
3. 重构主题句。
概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。
可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。
4. 重组支撑句。
支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。
口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。
(括：概括性。
见：间接引语。
短：短的连词。
细腻：细节和例子)二．写概括的具体方法A.定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时;如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时;不过，模板的开头语一般为现在时如The passage tells us that----- - --.B.定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作。
概要写作-精品文档
在将信息转化为文字时，可能存在表述不清或语法错误等问题
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概要写作的实践与评估
实践：实际写作概要
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仔细阅读原文
对于所提供的文章或报告，应全面、仔细地阅 读以了解其主旨、论点和论据等关键信息。
抓住要点
在全面理解原文的基础上，提炼出其中的要点 ，包括主要论点、论据和结论等。
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形成概要
评估：简洁性
检查文字是否精炼
评估概要时，要关注其文字是否简洁明了，是否避免了冗余和重复。
检查语言质量
此外，还要关注概要的语言质量，是否通顺、连贯，表达清晰。
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概要写作的未来发展与展望
发展趋势
全球化趋势
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随着全球化的进程，概要写作将越来越重要，需要跨越语言和
文化障碍。
技术驱动发展
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人工智能和自然语言处理技术的进步将为概要写作提供更多的
理解作者的意图
把握作者的观点和论述思路，以便更好地提炼文章的核心内容。
筛选信息
区分主要和次要信息
识别文章中的主要信息和次要信息，确保概要中只包含核心内容。
去除无关信息
筛选出与主题相关的信息，排除与主题无关的内容。
压缩内容
简化句子结构
采用简洁的句子结构和表达方式，确保概要简明扼要。
合并重复信息
将重复的信息合并为一个简洁的表述，避免冗余。
评估：内容完整性
检查是否遗漏了重要内容
评估概要时，要确保其内容完整性，是否将原文中的关 键信息都概括进去。
关注细节
对于原文中的重要细节，评估时要留意是否在概要中得 到了体现。
评估：准确性
检查论点是否歪曲
评估概要时，要关注其是否准确地反映了原 文的论点。
高考英语之概要写作
概要写作(Summary writing），被称为“小作文".概要写作分值占据15分,考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字,内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等,体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1。
Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义)By summary，we mean a brief restatement，in your own words，of the content of a passage, an article，a chapter or a book。
2。
Key points of a summary(概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）:Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information。
Length：1/4—1/3 of the original text。
Completeness（完整性)：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner。
Accuracy（准确性)：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does。
Coherence(连贯性）:Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases，a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity(客观性）:Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic。
高考英语一轮复习概要写作讲义
高考概要写作知识点一概要写作题型介绍【知识梳理】概要写作是综合写作任务的一种常见形式, 被广泛应用于教学和评估活动中。
概要写作的目的不仅是要重述原文的主旨要义, 还要在不改变原文意思的前提下变换词汇和句子结构, 也就是要使用自己的语言写概要。
一、概要写作的考纲说明和题型介绍1. 考纲说明根据教育部考试中心的相关说明, 概要写作中, 提供给考生一篇350以内的短文, 要求其基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。
2. 试题选材特点提供给考生阅读的短文词数在350以内；所选材料体裁虽然没有限制, 但多以说明文、议论文为主, 偶尔也会有记叙文或夹叙夹议的阅读材料。
考试说明所给的样题是一篇科普知识类的文章, 句子结构复杂, 难度较大。
3. 熟知概要写作的评分标准（一）概要写作考查要求：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况。
总之, 概要应具有独立性和自明性, 拥有与文章等量的主要信息, 即不阅读全文, 就能获得必要的信息；其次概要不容赘言, 故需逐字推敲；最后概要内容必须完整、一目了然。
4. 评分标准(1)评分原则①本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。
②评分时,先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。
③词数少于40的和多于80的,从总分中减去2分④评分时,应注意要从以下四个方面考虑。
◆对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;◆应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;◆上下文的连贯性;◆对各要点表达的独立性情况。
⑤拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
⑥如书写较差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。
(2)各档次的给分范围和要求5. 概要写作特点概要写作, 即对所读过的文章简要概括, 写出文章的中心大意, 也称之为摘要。
写概要时, 要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句进行表述, 而不是抄袭文章的原句, 更不能把细节性信息作为中心, 即要对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换, 对文章的具体信息进行概括, 再用适合的语言表达。
高中英语概要写作(包含议论文,说明文,记叙文)
范例
People attach great importance to getting up early.
It
enables them to have a better memory, healthier bodies and better
preparation for the day.
If not, people will be busy doing
出各段的中心句和高频词以确定要点，再根据连词确定要点的主要 和次要关系。最后根据抄写原文列出提纲。
议论文
概要写作（满分25分） 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic( 充 满 活 力 的 ) the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
everything. So insist on getting up early which is of great benefit to
all people.
一、写作指导 说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板： （1）描写某事物的性质功能。即“对象+性质功能+利弊”： （in the passage ） the writer introduces… to us,especially its….,
读写任务中概要写法分类例说
读写任务中概要写法分类例说在读写任务中,summary的写作一直是学生头痛之处。
学生普遍存在概括不全、照抄原文等现象。
其中,概括不全是个大问题,因这会影响到下文——表述自己的观点。
为了保证学生在写作的过程当中不漏掉要点,笔者在教学实践中总结出五种类型阅的读材料,根据各类材料的特点指导学生如何写summary。
一、现象分析型文章特点:或分析一种现象,或解释一个观点。
文章结构:一般为“总分总”的结构,开头摆出“主题”,接着进行“解释”“说明”(一般包括各种各样相关的例子或者不同的观点和看法),最后“综述”(提出“展望”或者升华主题)。
Summary要点:现象中心内容(注意中心词,即关键词或高频词)+优缺点或者正反面评论(这一部分如果叙写篇幅多时要概述出来;篇幅少时只说文中提到了不同观点就行)+现象中与众不同的地方+“展望”或者“升华”。
Example:Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many North Americans interact (互动) these days. The term is “networked individualism(网络个体主义)”. This concept is not easy tounderstand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals (个体) and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks. (提出中心词“networked individualism”)Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and email, our social networks included live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and friends. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.A recent research studied by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say that’s a good thing. Why?In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated (孤立) us and caused us to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with more real people than expected ——helpful people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major lifedecisions. (第2-3段解释说明中心词,摆出新旧不同观点) Thanks to the computer, we are able to be alone and together with other people at the same time. (综述)▲Summary:Professor Wellman created the term “networked individualism”(主题) which breaks people’s old belief that the Internet isolated us. They find that we can also communicate with more real people.(不同观点)二、事例道理型文章特点:叙述一段经历或者一个事件,表达作者从中所受教育,或者说明一定的道理。
高中英语：概要写作--说明文型概要写作
说明文型概要写作【写作技巧点拨】（一）说明文型概要写作技巧：1.判定结构：判定说明文框架结构；2.浓缩文章：根据结构抓关键词，替换提炼关键词；3.客观表达：概要写作只能写原文作者的观点；4.高级表达：语言表达要多用高级句式。
（二）说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板：1 .描写某事物的性质功能。
即"对象+性质功能+利弊”：In the passage the writer introduces...to us, especially its...（性质或功能），from which we know...（对象带来的利弊）。
2.针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。
即“问题+解决方法”:The passage lists/indicates...（问题）and brings forth several measures/solutions to solve the problem, which includes...（方法1）, …（方法2） and...（方法3）。
3.介绍某现象及其原因、结果。
即"现象+原因+结果” :The author talks about...It is caused by...As a result/Consequently,...或：The author/writer states/presents（陈述/呈现）the phenomenon of..., because/but...（原因1/本质1）, and...（原因2/本质2）。
【典例剖析】阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Over the past few years, there has been a big increase in the number of people sharing information online.In this article, we will learn about some positive reasons for people to share information online.We often share information with our friends in the office or at home to educate, entertain, or pleasantly surprise them.In this way, we can connect with others.This is also true while sharing information online.If you look at the Facebook of your friends, you will realize that most of their updates are usually famous quotes, entertaining videos, inspirational images, funny jokes, etc.94% of those surveyed by The New York Times said they put a lot of thoughts into how the content they are sharing will be beneficial to others.A lot of people share information online to picture their true self to the outside world.Some people, especially those who are shy and not comfortably talking about their areas of interest in thepresence of others, find it extremely convenient to share that information online with others.According to the study,78% of the people said they shared information online because it helpsthem develop better relationships.Today, people are so busy that they do not have the time to meet each other personally.A lot of people now “meet" each other online, rather than in places like restaurants and pubs.Lastly, when we share our thoughts online, we are actively communicating with a large number of people who are a part of the World Wide Web.Sharing information will affect the viewpoints of others, or add to their understanding about the world.【思路点拨】通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语之概要写作
概要写作（Summary writing），被称为“小作文”。
概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。
概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。
一．正确认识概要写作1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义）By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book.2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点）Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information.Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text.Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner.Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does.Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow.Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only.3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤）1）Skim the text to find out the general theme.2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence)3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头）Begin your summary with:*The author’s name*The article’s or chapter’s name*The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article.The Body:First of all, the author describes……He then points out that……In addition, the author talks about……Finally, the author suggests……Some other introductory phrases:*(The author) states in (this article) that…*(The author), in (this article) shows that…*In (this article), (the author) writes that…*As (the author) says in (this article),…*The main idea of (the author’s article) is…*The author believes (holds; maintains; claims; argues; points out; suggests; proposes) that + clause…*The author talks about (explains; describes; reveals; discusses; focuses on) + n.二．记叙文概要写作记叙文体的阅读材料，相比其他文体而言，写概要相对容易。
读写任务中概要写作分类指导
读写任务中概要写作分类指导写概要主要是把具体的信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句表述出来，不能抄袭文章的句子，不能把细节性的信息作为中心，而要通过对文章中的单词和句子进行合理转换，重组文章的信息，再用合适的语言进行表述，从而体现考生的概括、重构与产出的能力。
下面我们结合实例，谈谈如何对不同体裁的文章进行概括。
一、记叙文概要的写法记叙文包括单纯叙事的记叙文、夹叙夹议的记叙文和哲理性的小品文，单纯叙事记叙文的概要主要包括以下内容：谁？做了什么事？结果如何？如果是哲理性的小品文，则先按照单纯记叙文的概括方法写，然后再加上作者的看法或观点以及从中得出的哲理。
[实例一]Today I was having a PE lesson when I fell down and hurtmy foot. I was in great pain at that moment, but I tried to act as if nothing had happened until the class was over. Though I had difficulty walking back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone and refused the offer of help of my classmates. As a result, thehurt in my foot became worse. Now I know I’m wrong. We can tell others our need for help and accept their help. Some day we can help others in return. In this way, we can get along with each other happily and peacefully.思路分析：这是一篇记叙文，概括时只需包含谁（the author）？干了什么事(hurt his foot seriously, but refused help from others)？结果如何(His condition became worse)？作者最后还从这件事得出一个经验教训：我们应该互相帮助(we should accept others’help when in trouble/when in need / when necessary)。
【新高考-概要写作】高一英语知识点精讲课件
your body is telling you to break free from work.
⑧Sometimes when you are bored or stressed out, you might feel hungry. It is the body's way of telling
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deep breaths. Even after this, if you feel hungry, do eat.
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
①Your hunger doesn’t necessarily mean you are really hungry. It is an important sign of what is happening
高中英语 概要写作(summary)
概要写作（summary），就是要求考生在整体把握原文的前提下，要从一篇350词以内的短文中提炼出60词左右的内容概要，用自己简洁、精练的语言，对原文的主旨大意进行高度的浓缩，写出一篇语义连贯的短文，也可称之为摘要。
这一题型一方面考查学生通过阅读获取文章主旨大意和关键词的能力，另一方面也考查学生的写作能力即用简洁的语言概括文章重要信息的能力以及对文章整体结构的把握能力。
因此，概要写作是基于阅读理解和书面表达的，是二者的有机结合体，是阅读理解和书面表达的沟通桥梁。
从《考试说明》上对概要写作的评分原则以及各档次的给分范围和要求的规定中，我们可以发现概要写作有以下特点：客观性：概要写作其实是一种客观的复述，在正确理解原文的基础上，用自己的语言忠实地再现作者的思想，写作内容要全面，既不能漏掉任何要点，也不能随意增加内容；写作时要尽可能避免使用原文中的字句。
考生应通过释义的方式，用自己的语言呈现原文主要内容。
需要注意的是，考生不能对原文进行解释和评论，也不能掺杂任何个人想法，或做出任何评判，因此不能出现“I believe”, “I think”等字句。
简洁性：简洁是概要写作的一个显著特点。
概要写作是一种对原文“浓缩”后产生的新语篇，通过删除原文中的细节减少例证，简化描述内容以及去除重复来实现语言的简洁性，但是简洁的同时还要做到意义的完整。
连贯性：概要写作并不是写提纲那样只是要点的罗列。
写概要时，必须在各要点之间增加一些体现逻辑的关系词，使概要衔接紧密、脉络清晰。
写出的概要读起来要完整连贯、独立成篇。
我们该如何正确把握概要写作呢？下面以《考试说明》中概要写作的样题为例：首先通过阅读我们知道文章一共有4段，它按照时间的顺序、总-分的方式来陈述人们在不同时期对于“dirt”的不同观点，即Attitudes towards dirt have beenchanging over time。
文章第一段的第二句是全文的主旨，第二、三、四段都是在不同时期人们对于“dirt”的不同看法，基本可以确定attitudes、dirt和time为全文的关键词。
概要写作--分类讲解
概要写作分类（叙述类&论说类）讲解1. 叙述类文章【文本分析】叙述类文章主要叙事，即讲述一个故事，往往涵盖5WH（Who, What, When, Where, Why, How）等信息，根据故事的情节发展（Plot Development），文本基本可以分成五个部分：●引入（Exposition）：作为故事的开端，主要交代故事的背景（时间、地点、主要人物、矛盾冲突等）；●发展（Rising action）：故事矛盾冲突不断变化发展的过程；●高潮（Climax）：故事矛盾冲突的转折点，故事最紧张的部分；●结局（Falling action）：故事发展的结局，矛盾冲突的最终解决；●尾声（Resolution）：故事结局的影响，以及作者的总结、思考。
其中，“尾声”部分并不属于情节发展的必要部分，因此并非所有叙述类文章都具备。
【概要写作步骤】①根据情节发展的阶段，将文本分成四到五个部分。
②圈划符合该部分功能、推动情节发展的主要内容，用一句话进行总结。
③用精炼的语言连接，润色每个部分的概述性句子。
④认真检查，自检标准：5WH【例题解析】Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention (干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change -I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.⑤Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. Somany people are intimidated by the words “quit sugar”. It’s not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are natural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I’m 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is where I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network,online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you’re down.And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body will thank you, and you will thank yourself too.Possible version of the summaryPassage ABefore quitting sugar, she was low-spirited about her overweight. Then her mom stepped in and required her to follow a diet to quit sugar. Despite initial discomfort, she was gradually used to eating and living healthily. With her weight lost, she felt better and regained confidence. To do this right, we need to take action and seek support.(59 words)Passage BAfter experiencing a lot of heartbreaking moments due to her overweight, the author made up her mind to go diet by quitting sugar. She turned to her mother and healthy food. After struggling with her weight and sugar-eating habit, now she has lost 30 kg and feels much better than ever before. Her experience is to take action and support. (60 words)2. 论说类文章1）现象分析型【文本分析】【概要写作步骤】①根据此类文章的基本结构，将文本分为三个部分。
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概要写作分类（叙述类&论说类）讲解1. 叙述类文章【文本分析】叙述类文章主要叙事，即讲述一个故事，往往涵盖5WH（Who, What, When, Where, Why, How）等信息，根据故事的情节发展（Plot Development），文本基本可以分成五个部分：●引入（Exposition）：作为故事的开端，主要交代故事的背景（时间、地点、主要人物、矛盾冲突等）；●发展（Rising action）：故事矛盾冲突不断变化发展的过程；●高潮（Climax）：故事矛盾冲突的转折点，故事最紧张的部分；●结局（Falling action）：故事发展的结局，矛盾冲突的最终解决；●尾声（Resolution）：故事结局的影响，以及作者的总结、思考。
其中，“尾声”部分并不属于情节发展的必要部分，因此并非所有叙述类文章都具备。
【概要写作步骤】①根据情节发展的阶段，将文本分成四到五个部分。
②圈划符合该部分功能、推动情节发展的主要内容，用一句话进行总结。
③用精炼的语言连接，润色每个部分的概述性句子。
④认真检查，自检标准：5WH【例题解析】Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention(干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change -I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.⑤Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. Somany people are intimidated by the words “quit sugar”. It’s not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are natural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I’m 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is where I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network,online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you’re down.And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body will thank you, and you will thank yourself too.Possible version of the summaryPassage ABefore quitting sugar, she was low-spirited about her overweight. Then her mom stepped in and required her to follow a diet to quit sugar. Despite initial discomfort, she was gradually used to eating and living healthily. With her weight lost, she felt better and regained confidence. To do this right, we need to take action and seek support.(59 words)Passage BAfter experiencing a lot of heartbreaking moments due to her overweight, the author made up her mind to go diet by quitting sugar. She turned to her mother and healthy food. After struggling with her weight and sugar-eating habit, now she has lost 30 kg and feels much better than ever before. Her experience is to take action and support. (60 words)2. 论说类文章1）现象分析型【文本分析】【概要写作步骤】①根据此类文章的基本结构，将文本分为三个部分。
②圈划各个部分的内容要点。
③撰写概要。
概要由以下三个部分组成：●第一部分：现象具体表现的关键信息。
●第二部分：现象的分析或说明等主题句及支持性细节的关键信息。
第三部分（如有）：文本所提供的影响、评论等其他信息。
④用精炼的语言连接、润色每个部分。
⑤认真检查。
自检标准：现象的具体表现，以及围绕其进行分析、评论的主题句与支持性细节的关键词句。
【例题解析】Gene Therapy“We used to think that our fate was in our stars, but now we know that, in large measure, our fate is in our genes,” said James Watson. Watson is a molecular (分子的）biologist and co-discoverer of DNA structure. Why? Scientists are seeing that gene therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of disease.In gene therapy, healthy genes are introduced into defective(有缺陷的）cells to prevent or cure disease. While much of the research is in the beginning stages, some successes point to the real benefit of the therapy. In Italy, doctors have recently treated one genetic disease with gene therapy. This disease most often begins to destroy the brain when children are between 1 and 2, stopping them from walking and talking. By inserting normal, healthy genetic material into a virus and then infecting the patients, scientists seem to be able to cure the disease. Although the children given the therapy still need follow-up treatments, they now lead a relatively normal life.Gene therapy has also been used to help older patients. These people suffer from a disease that causes slow movement and uncontrollable shaking because part of the brain dies. Those treated with gene therapy showed a 23.1 percent improvement when tested six months later.Gene therapy appears to be a more positive alternative to surgery or medicine and is an exciting new approach that is just making the news. Researchers hope that in the coming years, every genetic disease will have gene therapy as its treatment. But more research is needed to assure its safety.Possible version of the summary:Gene therapy, intended to prevent or cure disease by inserting healthy genes into faulty cells, is changing the treatment of disease revolutionarily. Though still in the initial phases, gene theory has benefited both children and older patients with genetic disease by improving their conditions. However, more research should be done to ensure it’s safe. (54 words)2）因果关系型【文本分析】【概要写作步骤】①根据此类文章的基本结构，将文本分为两到三个部分。