英语国家概况(美国经济)共45页
《英语国家概况》美国篇The United States of America
The United States of AmericaPart 1The Country and The American IdentityCommon-sense Knowledge1、全称：The United States of America (美利坚合众国)2、简称： the United States;the U.S.; America.3、National Anthem：《星条旗永不落》 "The Star-Spangled Banner（同时可以叫做国旗）"1931年被美国国会正式定为国歌。
4、National Flower：Rose5、Jet lag: About 16 hours (west of America), and 13 hours (east of America).（了解）6、The Capital: Washington D.C.为纪念美国国父乔治-华盛顿和发现美洲新大陆的哥伦布Christophe而定名7、绰号：山姆大叔（Uncle Sam）Location1、Canada on the north； Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south ；Atlantic Ocean on the east； Pacific Ocean on the west.2、The largest country in the world：Russia，Canada， China，America，brazil，Australia.3、50 states in totalAlaska—the largest ；Rhode Island (罗德岛州)—the smallest ；Texas（德克萨斯州）—the largest on the mainland4、著名城市Boston是Massachusetts 马萨诸塞州的首府5、两边两座山，中间一条河。
英语国家概况经济篇
英语国家概况经济篇一.自然资源英国:Compare with many other countries,Britain has comsiderable reserves of coal.Today British coal mining is called a "sick" industry.Natural gas and oil was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under the North Sea.Britain was the first nation to build a large iron and steel industry.Rich deposits of iron ore were found in central England.As with the coal industry,Britain's steel industry is declining.美国:Fertile soil is one of the most important natural resouces in the United States. America's forest resources are among the world's largest.Another natural resource that contributes to the welfare of the country is water.America is the leaders in production of Coal,iron ore,cpper,oil,sulfur,lead and zine.But short for tin,manganese,and nikel.爱尔兰:Ireland is now the largest producer of lead and zinc concentrates in Europe.While Ireland lacks sizeable oil deposits,it has a valuable energy source in the peat,or turt,bogs that cover extensive areas of the country.加拿大:Water is one of the most important natural resources in Canada.Almost half of the land area of Canada is covered by forests. Canada ranks third,in the production of lumber and other forest products in the world.The largest producer of newsprint in the world.Canada is a primary world producer of nickle,zine and asbestoes,and comes second in potash,third in gold and fourth in copper.Canada is a major world supplier of uranium.Experts believe that the cold fields of Canada may be among the largest in the world.A great deposit of petroleum was discovered south of Edmonton in Alberta. About two thurds of Canada's petroleum and about four fifths of its natural gas come from Alberta.澳大利亚:Australia is one of the world's biggest producers of minerals and metals.It has major deposits of bauxite,mineral sands,diamonds,and black and brown coal,and large reserves of ores containing gold,lead,zinc,iron,copper,nikel,manganese and uranium. It is the world largest exporter of coal,and a major exporter of uranium.新西兰:There is an increasingly large share of energy comes from local resources:natural gas,crude oil,hydroelectricity and geothermal steam. Coal is of growing importance.Solar energy,vegetable oils and ethylalcohol from fermentation make small contributions.二.农业英国:The Britain were pioneers in modern agriculture and were among the first to bring science and machinery to farming.The new farming has been called "agribusiness".There are mainly six farming types in Britain.They are arable farning,dairy fariming,stock farming,mixed farming,hill farming and market gardening.Because of the cool climate,apples,pears and plums grwo very well in Britain.The North Sea has very good fishing grounds.美国:Yet the United States grows nearly one fourth of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.It ranks first,second,or third in the production and export of corn, wheat, rice, soybeans, oranges, meat,milk, apples,oats,cotton,tobaoo, peanuts,and edible vegetable oil.(具体的在什么地方种什么东西可以参照书上P289-291)爱尔兰:Agriculture generates anestimated 11% of the Ireland GNP,employs 17% of the labour force and produces 25% of total exports.The most signigicant recent development in Irish agriculture has been membership in the European Community.加拿大:The land used for agriculture makes up only 7% in Canada. Canada farms specialize in producing wheat,food crops for animals dairy products,and fruit.Fishing and mining are quite important.The Canada Prairie is the centre of a rich wheat belt.Eastern Canada is noted for a variety of farm products.Dairying is in the lowlands of Quebec and Ontario.Fruits are grown in Western Nova Scotia.澳大利亚:Today,agriculture is the nation's largest and most diverse industry.Australia is one of the world's leading producers of food and natural fibres.Australia is the world's largest exporter of wool,the second largest exporter of meat,the third largest exporter of wheat and a major international supplier of sugar,dairy products,fruits,cotton and rice.Australia's agriculture importance has declined in recent years.新西兰:Vineyards produce international award-winning red and white wines.三.制造业,工业英国:The textile is one of Britain's oldest.Textiles were on of the country's most vauluable exports.Britain became a world leader in shipbuilding during the middle of the 19th century.The two main centres for shipbuilding were on the River Tyne near Newcastle,England and on the Clyde near Glasgow in Scotland.The Britain motor industry now dominated by four firms(Ford,the RoverGroup,GM-Vauxhall,and Peugeot)There are three areas in Britain which have seen some high-tech industrial growth. Scotland has Europe's largest collection of foreign-owned chip factories.Over 90% of the companies are from the U.S.A.,Japan,the Netherlands and germany.美国:The untied States ranks first,second,third or fourth in the world in the production of crude steel,passenger cars,commercial vehicles,chemicals,radio sets,television sets,and other manufacturing goods.Manufacturing accounts for about one quarter of theGDP,about one quarter of the national income,and over one fifth of the work force.The industrial regions are the Midwest(the nations's leading centre of heavy industry) round the Great Lakes,the Middle Atlantic states,the South,and the Pacific Coast.爱尔兰:Since the 1961s,manufactuing has become the mainstay of the Irish economy.Of industrial employment,66% are employed in manufacting.加拿大:Manufacturing is the mst important economic activity in Canada.Food processing is the leading industry. The manufacture of transportation equipment ranks second. The production of paper and paper related products ranks third. metal products are also important.澳大利亚:The mining industry in Australia has faced new problems in recent years.Australia's service sector is the fastest-growing sector of industry.It has been growing in importance in recent years.新西兰:There are two steel comanies:New Zealand Steel which uses iron sands from the west coast of North Island,and Pacific Steel which reuses scrap iron.New Zealand is a world leader in the CNA(compressed natural gas) industry.Garments,fabrics and carpets are exported.The fishing industry has expanded greatly and is now the 4th largest export earner.四.对外贸易英国:Britain is the fifth largest trading country in the world.Napoleon called it a "nation of shopkeepers".Britain's foreign trade is mainly with other developed countries.which accounts for 79% of exports and 85% of imports.About half with EC.Traditionally,Britain has had a deficit on visible trade and a surplus on invisible trade.美国:Currenty U.S. exports are about 15% of the world's total.The Unites States imports about 13% of all world imports.Canada is the largest single source og goods imported by the U.S.,accounting for nearly 30% of the total. Outside of North America,Europe is the largest source of imports with about 30%,Asia provides about 18%,with smaller percentages from LatinAmerica,Africa,and Australia.爱尔兰:Successive Irish governments have adopted a consistent and postive approoach toward attracting overseas investment.The new foreign firms now account for over 70% of manufactured exports.Ireland is new an industrial exporter.Manufactured goods account for about two-thirds of total wxports.加拿大:A total about four fifths of all foreign investments in Canada are American.澳大利亚:Australia is a middle-level trading nation.The main feature of Australia's trade is that it has always involved the exchange of raw materials for finished products.Australia's trade relations with China have been developing rapidly in recent years. China accouts for about 3% of Australian total exports.新西兰:Trade is New Zealand's linelihood.Foreign investment is increasing and financial markets are active.Western Europe and particularly Britain have traditionally been New Zealand's major export market.The main imports are industrial raw materials,capital equipment and consumer goods.New Zealand is the world's largest exporter of lamb and mutton as well as dairy products.五.当今面临的问题英国:Britain is the oldest industrial country in the world.The term "Britain disease" is noew often used to characterise Britain's economic decline.The Evolution of the Britain Economy since the War:1.Steady development in the 50s and 60s.2.Economic recession in the 70s.3.Economic recovery in the 80s.这里有一部分是撒切尔的宏,微观措施比较重要(P91-92)美国:The Untied States has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector. So the economy system of the United States is principally privately owned.But today,many of American people still live under the poverty line.Unemployment,inflation,finacial deficit,and trade deficit are the troubles that always face the United States.爱尔兰:The value of imports generally exceeds that of exports. That's why Ireland has a chronic negative balance of trade.Continuing dependence on imported oil is one of the reasons for the high import bill.加拿大:In the past few years however,Canada's unemployment rate has been high.But what is worth nothing is that the cost for manufacturing has increased while the productivity per worker has decreased as compared with the United States or with its ten trading partners.While Canada has one of the world's highest standards of living,not all regions of the country have enjoyed the same degree of prosperity.Some measures have been taken by the Federal government to help those slow grownth regions.澳大利亚:Problems of Australia economy:1.Over-reliance on commodityexports.2.Failure to share in the expansion of international trade.3.The decline of manufaturing industries and the effects of tariffs.Country Party system HousesBritain The conservative Party, The House of Commons The Labour Party The House of LorbsThe U.S. The Democrats, The Senate,The Republic The House of RepresentativesIreland Fianna Fail, The Senate,Fine Gael The House of RepresentativesAustralia The Labour Party, The Senate,the Liberal and National Party The House of RepresentativesNew Zealand The National Party，The Labour Party The House of RepresentativesCanada The Liberal Party, The Senate,the Progressive Conservative Party The House of Representatives（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。
英语国家概况 美国 U7
3. Department of Justice
Judges, whether in national or state courts, decide cases; they do not prosecute people. At the national level, government prosecution is the responsibility of the Department of Justice, which is directed by the Attorney General and aided by the Solicitor General, who argues cases for the government before the Supreme Court. The Department uses U.S. attorneys throughout the country, who are appointed for four-year terms to the district courts by the President, with the consent of the Senate. Assisted by the FBI, which is housed within the Justice Department, these attorneys handle criminal and civil proceedings for the government in district courts.
Do You Know? Focus In
USA
Do You Know?
What principles of criminal proceedings can be reflected in the video?
英语国家概况-美国部分【清晰完整版】
Chapter 13 geography 地理位置I. Location and size1. The full name of the United States is the United States of America. The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada to its north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to its south, the Atlantic Ocean to its east and the Pacific Ocean to its west.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in America. Alaska borders on northwestern Canada and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。
阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。
2. The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。
3. Of all states of American, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。
英语国家概况美国经济课件
• charter companies • King provided a charter or grant conferring
economic rights as well as political and judicial authority
英语国家概况美国经济
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2. Since American Independence
• The new government did make tariffs an essential part of American foreign policy.
• President Jackson opposed to Hamilton’s national bank.
The United States of America
英语国家概况美国经济
1
The United States of America
Chapter 11
Economy
英语国家概况美国经济
2
Warming-up Activities
Think about these questions before we start:
• Two thirds of the output goes to individuals; • One third is bought by government and business.
• “Consumer economy”
英语国家概况美国经济
6
Ⅱ History of American Economy 1 The Colonial Period 2 Since American Independence
英语国家概况-美国部分【清晰完整版】
Chapter 13 geography 地理位置I. Location and size1. The full name of the United States is the United States of America. The continental United States lies in central North America with Canada to its north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to its south, the Atlantic Ocean to its east and the Pacific Ocean to its west.Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in America. Alaska borders on northwestern Canada and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州。
阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。
2. The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia, Canada and China.就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，就人口而言，美国是世界是第三大国。
3. Of all states of American, Alaska is the largest in area and Rhode Island the smallest. But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。
《英语国家概况》各章节概要知识点——美国部分
《英语国家概况》各章节概要知识点——美国部分1. Population, Race and Ethnic Groups 人口与民族世界第三人口大国，20世纪90年代人口增长更加迅速，将来60年还将迅猛增加。
预计将从1992年的25，550万，增加到2000年的27，500万。
移民是人口增长的主要来源，基本开放的移民政策。
现在多数移民来自亚洲和拉丁美洲。
城市化高，最大的城市：纽约，洛杉矶，芝加哥，旧金山，费城。
1946-1964是生育高峰，20世纪80年代人口老龄化趋势。
美国是移民国家。
第一批移民来自英国和荷兰，为了逃避宗教迫害，寻求更好的生活，契约劳工。
三次移民浪潮：第一次移民浪潮始于1805年，1845年到达高峰，许多爱尔兰人迁入。
第二次移民浪潮从1860-1890。
第三次移民浪潮从1890-1914，是最大的一次。
来自奥匈帝国，意大利，俄国，希腊，罗马尼亚和土耳其。
Characteristics of the American population 美国人口的特征流动性。
四次大规模的人口流动：第一次从内战结束到1880年，西进运动。
从东海岸向西部迁移。
第二次从1890-1920年，随着工业化和城市化的实现，人口从农村涌向城市。
第三次从1920-1960年，大批黑人离开南方涌入外地。
第四次从60年代至今，从东北部向西南部的阳光地带迁移。
Black people and the Civil Rights Movement 黑人与民权运动黑人是美国人口最多的少数民族。
自1619年作为奴隶贩运到北美洲，集中在南部农业区，生活悲惨。
代表小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》和《根》。
1863年林肯的《解放奴隶宣言》和1865《宪法》第13条修正案正式结束了奴隶制，但仍存在歧视。
1954年布朗诉教育委员会一案，开始了漫长的废除种族隔离的进程。
60年代爆发民权运动。
1964年通过《民权法案》，1965年通过《选举权法案》。
英语国家概况 美国
美国部分Ⅰ. 地理位置和面积美国的全称是美利坚合众国。
我们通常简称它为美国。
美国大陆位于北美洲中部, 北接加拿大, 南邻墨西哥和墨西哥湾, 东临大西洋, 西濒太平洋。
两最近加入的州是阿拉斯加和夏威夷, 都远离美国大陆: 阿拉斯加与加拿大西北接界。
夏威夷位于太平洋中部。
美国的地理位置对发展贸易很理想。
它的大西洋海岸与西欧的发达国家隔海相望, 由太平洋海岸和夏威夷可通向远东和澳大利亚。
过去, 大西洋和太平洋是隔断美国与外界的天然屏障, 使美国免受外界干扰不断地发展壮大起来。
如今, 由于通讯和交通手段的发达, 世界显得越来越小, 美国与世界各地的联系也越发紧密。
美国陆地面积为930 万平方公里。
南北向长2575 公里, 东西向宽4500 公里。
就面积而言, 美国是世界第四大国, 仅次于俄罗斯、加拿大和中国。
美国是由许多州组成的联邦共和国。
在很长一段时间内, 美国只有48 个州。
1959 年,阿拉斯加和夏威夷加入联邦成为第49 和第50 个州。
在50 个州中, 阿拉斯加的面积最大, 罗得岛( 罗德艾兰) 则是最小的。
但是在美国大陆上, 得克萨斯州面积最大。
仅得克萨斯就比法国大, 而阿拉斯加的面积相当于得克萨斯州的两倍。
Ⅱ. 地形———地貌1. 山脉要想从大西洋沿岸的特拉华到太平洋沿岸加利福尼亚洲的旧金山, 你得翻越两座大山脉———阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉。
这两座山脉大体上是南北走向, 但更确切地讲, 阿巴拉契亚山脉有点西南—东北走向, 而落基山脉微呈东西—西北走向。
由于阿巴拉契亚山脉形成较早, 受风雨侵蚀已超过数百万年,而落基山脉还比较年轻, 所以落基山比阿巴拉契亚山高。
实际上, 落基山脉被认为和中国的喜马拉雅山脉一样年轻, 它们同年龄。
阿巴拉契亚山脉的最高峰只有2000 多米, 而落基山脉的最高峰—阿尔贝特峰却高达4500 米。
阿巴拉契亚山脉在不同地区被当地人起了不同的名称: 在新英格兰被称为格林( 绿色) 山脉和怀特( 白色) 山脉; 在纽约被称为卡茨基尔山脉; 在东部海岸被叫作阿勒格尼山脉; 在肯塔基和部分田纳西它又叫坎伯兰山脉;在弗吉尼亚和卡罗来纳它称为蓝岑山脉; 在田纳西和北卡罗来纳的交界处又叫大雾山脉。
英语国家概况(中英)(57页)
英语国家概况（An Overview ofEnglishSpeaking Countries）一、英国（United Kingdom）1. 地理位置：英国位于欧洲大陆的西北边缘，由大不列颠岛、北爱尔兰和若干小岛组成。
2. 首都：伦敦（London），是英国的政治、经济、文化和交通中心。
3. 官方语言：英语4. 人口：约6600万，其中英格兰占最大比例。
5. 国旗：英国国旗被称为“米字旗”，由蓝、白、红三种颜色组成。
6. 经济：英国是世界上发达国家之一，拥有强大的金融、工业和科技实力。
7. 教育体系：英国教育体系享誉世界，牛津、剑桥等世界知名学府坐落于此。
8. 文化特色：英国有着丰富的历史文化底蕴，如莎士比亚、牛顿、披头士乐队等均诞生于此。
同时，英国也是现代足球的发源地。
二、美国（United States of America）1. 地理位置：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，南接墨西哥湾和加勒比海，北邻加拿大。
2. 首都：华盛顿特区（Washington, D.C.），是美国政治中心。
3. 官方语言：英语4. 人口：约3.3亿，是世界上第三人口大国。
5. 国旗：美国国旗被称为“星条旗”，由红、白、蓝三种颜色组成。
6. 经济：美国是全球最大的经济体，拥有强大的科技创新能力和金融市场。
7. 教育体系：美国教育资源丰富，世界顶尖大学如哈佛、斯坦福等均位于此。
8. 文化特色：美国文化多元化，涵盖了欧洲、亚洲、非洲等多种文化元素。
好莱坞电影、NBA篮球、美式足球等在全球具有广泛影响力。
三、加拿大（Canada）1. 地理位置：加拿大位于北美洲北部，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接北冰洋，南邻美国。
2. 首都：渥太华（Ottawa），是加拿大的政治中心。
3. 官方语言：英语和法语4. 人口：约3800万，是世界上面积第二大国家。
5. 国旗：加拿大国旗被称为“枫叶旗”，由红、白两色组成。
6. 经济：加拿大经济发达，资源丰富，特别是石油、天然气和矿产资源。
《英语国家概况》Unit 5 American Economy课件
American Economy General Survey
Deficit
American economy is deficit financing. 1. $23 billion during WWⅠ 2. $13 billion more during the 1930s 3. $200 billion more during WWⅡ 4. By 1998 the gross federal debt has reached $ 2 trillion 5. Interest on the federal debt is over $ 150 billion a year.
1. Manufacturing 2. High Technology 3. Heavy Industry 4. Aviation 5. Car Industry
American Economy Industries ------Sectors
Manufacturing
The US manufacturing industry is the largest in the world, almost 3 times the size of Japan.
3. The conference also set up the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank, and GATT( the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), later known as WTO, it is a world trading system.
英语国家概况 第五课 美国概况 The United States of America
Between 80% and 90% of immigration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic (Spanish-speaking people of any race) countries.
The first settlers in American history came from England and the Netherlands, some running away from religious and political persecution, some coming as adventurers from the Old World (Europe) to seek a better life , some as indentured servants(与师傅签订师徒合同的学 徒)who had to work for a fixed term for their masters to repay the cross-Atlantic fare and debts.
U.S.A in the World
Topographic Map of the U.S.A
Table of Comparisons
Country The UK The USA Canada Australia New Zealand Size (Sqk) 244, 820 9, 372, 614 9, 984, 670 7, 686, 850 270, 500 Population 60, 943, 912 (2008) 310, 871, 903 (23/02/2011) 33, 213, 000 20, 601, 000 4, 173, 000 Urbanization 90% 80% (2000) 87% 90% 87% GDP (Million USD) 2, 258, 565 (6th) 14.624, 184 (1st) 1, 563, 664 (9th) 1, 219, 722 (13rd) 138, 003 (51st) GDP/person (USD)2010 35, 053 (20th) 47, 132 (6th) 39, 033 (11st) 39, 692 (9th) 27, 420 (32nd)
英语国家概况美国篇(课堂PPT)
RI
Columbia U.
NY city NY
Cornell U.
NY
Dartmouth College NH
Harvard U.
MA
U. of Pennsylvania PA
Princeton U.
NJ
Yale U.
(1) the eastern part (2) the western part (3) the Great Plains
——five Great Lakes ——Mississippi River
4
5
—— The Great Lakes (freshwater) Lake Superior Lake Huron Lake Erie Lake Ontario Lake Michigan Niagara Falls between Lake Erie & Lake Ontario on U.S.- Can. navigation linkage of many industrial areas
Location
mainland: in the central part of North America
Alaska: border northwestern Canada 1959, 49th state
Hawaii: in the central Pacific Ocean 1959, 50th state
6
—— The Mississippi River (the father of waters)
longest in North America originate from the Lake Itasca (in MN)
英美概况之美国经济PPT课件
Economic growth advantages
❖ 1.Advanced science and technology
❖ 2. Superior industrial structure
❖ 3.The benefits from two world wars
❖ 4.The benefits from globalization
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The history of American economy
❖ The development of American economy can be divided into three parts:
❖ The early stage(before1492-1776), ❖ The modern times(1776-1898), ❖ Cotemporary age(1898-).
❖ 5.The effeCcotmipvaney LOGO
control of the government.
Future of the American economy
❖ 1.Recently, chairman of the Federal Reserve claimed that he hold an cautious and optimistic attitude towards the further development of American economy. He attached more importance to the vulnerability of current American economy recover and the urgency of rising the upper line of credits. US debts ,which has been considered as the most secure assets, is now brewing the largest uncertainty around the world.
英语国家概况(美国经济)(课堂PPT)
1. The Colonial Period
❖Massachusetts—settled by Pilgrims to escape religious persecution
❖Other colonies—like Virginia and Pennsylvania, founded as business ventures
▪ contribution to England’s colonizing process of the would-be United States
▪ charter companies ▪ King provided a charter or grant conferring
economic rights as well as political and judicial authority
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1. The Colonial Period
❖English investors turned over colonial charters to the settlers.
▪ enormous political implications
▪ small iron forges (冶炼厂)
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1. The Colonial Period
Gristmill
Iron forge
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英美概况美国经济ppt
“American system” of mass production
The application of new technologies to Industrial tasks
Emergency of new forms of business organization
Feature: gathered many workers together in one
workplace and produced goods for distribution over a wide area.
The first factory: a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket
Rhode Island build by Samue Slater,which combined carding,roving and spinning operation.
Robert Fulton
Samuel F. B. Morse Elias Howe Isaac Singer
Cyrus Field Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison
Inventiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้n
First reliable Steam Engine
Cotton Gin, Interchangeable parts for muskets
英语国家概况——美国篇
Surroundings (mainland)
on the north – Canada on the south - the Gulf of Mexico
on the east - the Atlantic Ocean
on the west - the Pacific Ocean
Administrative Region
centers of the Midwest & the East
The Golden Gate Bridge Chinatown – the largest Chinese settlement in US
II. People
1. Population
the third most populous nation behind China & India
Location
mainland: in the central part of North America Alaska: border northwestern Canada 1959, 49th state Hawaii: in the central Pacific Ocean 1959, 50th state
300 million (Oct.17,2006)
200 million (July 1, 1968)
100 million (July 1, 1915)
303,593,258 (March 9, 2008)
400 million (as early as 2043)
DISTRIBUTION of the population:
(1)
New England
英语国家概况：TheU.S.Economy美国经济
英语国家概况：The U.S.Economy美国经济 下⾯是店铺整理的英语国家概况：The U.S. Economy美国经济，欢迎⼤家阅读! The U.S. Economy 1)Factors that contribute to the fast growth ofthe economy: ①the geographical location of the United Statespovides very good conditions for the country to growand become strong. ②the United States has been blessed by being a landrich in mineral resources and fertile farm soil,together with a moderate climate. ③America has been fortunate in having enough people to provide the labour necessary for aconstantly expanding economy. ④the quality of available labour. The United States has a skilful and willing labour force. 经济快速增长的⼏个因素： 1.美国的地理位置为国家的发展壮⼤提供了良好的条件; 2.美国有幸是⼀块矿产资源丰富、⼟壤肥沃的陆地，⽓候温和; 3.拥有⾜够的劳动⼒以满⾜不断发展的经济增长; 4.这些劳动⼒的质量。
美国拥有技术⾼和能动性好的劳动⼒⼤军。
2)Characteristics of the U.S. economy: characterised by a high degree of monopoly. 经济特征：已⾼度垄断为特点。
《英语国家概况》- Chapter 18 The Economy
第十八章美国经济到目前为止美国是世界上最大的工业国，既是经济大国又是科技大国。
在计算机、宇航、核能和电子等先进领域美国仍居首位。
尽管其份额在迅速下降，但美国生产的机械、汽车、石油、电能和化学产品占世界生产的很大部分。
美国的出口值从70年代的970亿美元增加到1990年的3935亿美元，同时期的进口值从1000亿美元增加到4953亿美元。
美国的国民生产总值从1981年的26260亿美元增加到1990年的到54650亿美元。
同一时期的人均收入从10949美元增加到19220美元。
现在美国的晶体管、炼油、农产品、电讯和计算机占有一多半的欧洲市场。
美国人享有的生活水平比世界上大多数国家人民都高。
美国拥有世界上不到6%的人口，生产出的产品却占世界总产量的25%。
美国经历了辉煌的经济增长，这一成就不单单靠机会。
经济的快速增长有多种因素:第一，美国的地理位置给美国的发展、壮大提供了非常好的条件;第二，上天恩赐给美国的土地拥有丰富的矿产资源、肥沃的土壤和适宜的气候;第三，幸运的是美国有足够的人口为不断扩大的经济提供必要的劳动力;第四个因素是劳动力的质量，美国拥有技术好和积极肯干的劳动力，他们不但工作努力，而且愿意去试验、改革和学习新的技术。
Ⅰ.美国的经济制度美国的经济是一个以私营为主的自由市场经济。
私人拥有和经营的企业(包括农业)生产的商品和提供的服务占全国总量的85%。
从事独立性行业的人们如医生、律师和会计的产值占国民生产总数的3%。
政府(国有)企业占有剩余的比例。
诸如煤碳、钢铁、汽车和造船业等都为私人拥有。
邮电服务(不包括电话)、铁路系统和国防工业由联邦政府、州政府或和地方政府三级分别管理。
只有25%的电和铁路是国有的。
在美国私有成分在经济中所占的比例比任何其他发达国家都大得多。
然而，政府仍是美国经济中的重要组成部分。
传统上，美国政府的领导人不愿意干涉私营企业(交通业除外)。
这一态度开始改变是在19世纪后期，当时农场和劳工运动开始要求政府代表他们的利益调解冲突。
英语国家概况-America
1776年美国成立。13个前英殖民地联合一致反抗当时的大英帝国， 通过战争赢得了他们的独立。
J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur (settled in Pennsylvania in the 18th century) 赫克托. 圣约翰.德克雷夫科尔（18世纪移居宾西法尼亚地区）
Great social changes in Europe (end of tБайду номын сангаасe Middle Ages and Feudal
System) 欧洲巨大的社会变化（中世纪和封建制度的消亡）
1. Economic changes--- the development of capitalism and emergence of new social groups 经济变化—— 资本主义的发展和新的社会力量的出现 2. Cultural changes--- the Renaissance
The first long-continuing immigration 第一次人口迁移运动 Time: 25 000 years ago 25000年前 People: Siberians from Asia 亚洲西伯利亚人
Route: across Bering Strait 越过白令海峡
Results: later called Indians developed their own culture——the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas 后来被称为印第安人 的人们发展了自己的土著文化——阿兹台克文化（墨 西哥地区）、印加文化（秘鲁地区）及玛雅文化（中
People: Europeans and Africans