湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题含答案
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择San Francisco Fire Engine ToursSan Francisco Winery TourRunning: February 1st through April 30thThis delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)Departing from the Cannery: Tell time upon request.Duration(时长)：2 hoursPrice: $90Back to the Fifties TourRunning: August 16th through August 31stThis tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.Departing from the Cannery 5:00 pm and 7:00 pmDuration:2 hoursPrice:$90Spooky Halloween TourRunning: October 10th through October 31stJoin us for a ride through the historical Presidio district .Authentic fire gear （服装）is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San FranciscoDeparting from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pmDuration :1 hour and 30 minutesPrice: Available upon requestHoliday Lights TourRunning: December 6th through December 23ndThis tractive four takes you to some of San Francis’s most cheerful holiday scenes.Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.Departing from the Cannery 7:00 pm and 9:00 pmDuration: 1 hour and 30 minutesAdvance reservations required.1．Which of the tours is available in March?A．Back to the Fifties Tour. B．San Francisco Winery Tour. C．Spooky Hallowen Tour. D．Holiday Lights Tour.2．What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours?A．Go to Treasure Island B．Enjoy the holiday scenes.C．Have free ice cream. D．Visit the Presidio district.3．What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?A．Take some drinks. B．Make reservations in advance.C．Set off early in the morning. D．Wear warm clothes.Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her ob servation. I didn’t want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized. In some ways, shelives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each oth er’s spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.4．What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A．Her camera stopped working. B．A woman blocked her view. C．Someone asked her to leave. D．A friend approached from behind. 5．In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?A．The rich color of the landscape. B．The perfect positioning of the camera. C．The woman’s existence in the photo.D．The soft sunlight that summer day. 6．The passage can be seen as the author’s reflect ions upon ________.A．a particular life experience B．the pleasure of travelingC．the art of photography D．a lost friendshipA meteorite（陨石）moved quickly across the sky and exploded(爆炸）over central Russia on Feb. 15, raining fireballs over a vast area and causing a shock wave that smashed windows, damaged buildings and injured 1,200 people.People heading to work in Chelyabinsk heard what sounded like an explosion, saw a bright light and then felt the shock wave, according to a Reuters journalist in the industrial city 1 , 500 km east of Moscow.The fireball, travelling at a speed of 30 km per second according to Russian Federal Space Agency （Roscosmos）, had blazed（熊熊燃烧）across the horizon（地平线），leaving a long white trail that could be seen as far as 200 km away.Car alarms went off, thousands of windows were broken and mobile phone networks were interrupted for a short time. The Interior Ministry said the meteorite explosion, a very rare sight, also released a great explosive sound.“I was driving to work. It was quite dark, but it suddenly became bright as if it were day," said Viktor Prokofiev, 36, a resident（居民）of Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. felt like I was blinded by headlights（车前灯）.”The meteorite, which weighed about 10 tonnes and may have been made of iron, enteredEarth's atmosphere and broke apart 30 km—50 km above ground, according to Russia's Academy of Sciences.“The energy released（(释放）when it entered the Earth's atmosphere was equal to a few kilo tonnes," the academy said, “the power of a small atomic weapon exploding. ”No deaths were reported but the Emergencies Ministry said 20, 000 rescue and clean-up workers were sent to Ural Region after President Vladimir Putin told Emergencies Minister Vladimir Puchkov to ease and help the victims.The Interior Ministry said about 1,200 people had been injured, at least 200 of them were children, and most from broken pieces of glass.7．What do we learn about the meteorite from the passage?A．It is a very huge ball made of iron.B．It quickly broke apart on the ground.C．It exploded over Russia's Ural Region.D．It's similar to an A-bomb in weight.8．The underlined word “smashed" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_____”. A．broke B．meltedC．burned D．cleared9．We can know from the passage that _____.A．Moscow is 1,500 kilometers away from the east of ChelyabinskB．many houses were destroyed, with lots of people reported missingC．Viktor Prokofiev became blind after seeing the rare sightD．the shock wave briefly influenced mobile phone networks10．What can be the best title for the passage?A．"Meteorite Rush” Begins in RussiaB．President Putin Orders AssistanceC．Meteorite Hits Russia, 1,200 People HurtD．Meteorite Flies Quickly Across Russia二、七选五I recently received an e-mail from a wise speaker. In his e-mail, he pointed out some obstacles that lie ahead on the way to success. 11．Laziness. Even with a right goal and the courage to pursue it, your efforts will be in vainunless you're willing to take actions. 12．Post your visions and plans in your bedroom, bathroom and office. Share them with others. In that case, everyone could be your supervisor. Make yourself responsible and become the master of your destiny.Doubt. 13．Life and work can be hard and even cruel. Remember, the race is not for the smartest but for those who don't give up. Rather than allowing doubt to stand in your path, you owe it to yourself to remain confident in your plan. 14．Dishonesty. As you begin to be successful, you'll tend to lie, exaggerate（夸大）, and cheat in order to move your agenda forward. However, taking the easy way of dishonesty will make you become the person you hate. 15．True success comes when you are a person of your word, when you have a pure conscience（良心），and when you have not cheated others on your way to the top.A．Only the brave can overcome this first obstacle.B．His thoughts were so deep and insightful that I edited them.C．Write down your goals and the action steps you'll take to pursue those goals.D．In the end, it causes far more problems than taking the risk of telling the truth.E.Adjust it as needed along the way, but always know that success will ultimately be yours.F.Once you've made a decision, doubt is a worm that eats away at your ability to succeed.G.If you can't experience gratitude, you might as well have stayed exactly where you started.三、完形填空Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 16 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an education, he was 17 against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn't afford the 18 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to 19 classes. Study had to be done 20 his farm-work routines. He stopped taking part in many school activities because he didn't have the time or the 21 . He had only one good suit. He tried for the football team, 22 the coach turned him down for being too 23 . During this period Dale was slowly 24 an inferiority complex （自卑感），which his mother knew could 25 him from achieving his real potential. She suggested that Dale join the 26 team, believing that 27 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mother's advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 28 made it. This proved to be a 29 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 30 he needed. And his hard work 31 . By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top 32 in speech. Now other students were coming to him for coaching and later they, 33 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 34 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 35 an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence. And, with it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.16．A．wanted B．recognized C．supplied D．filled 17．A．dealing B．succeeding C．struggling D．trying 18．A．board B．equipment C．teaching D．training 19．A．skip B．participate C．instruct D．attend 20．A．between B．during C．over D．through 21．A．idea B．interest C．clothes D．talent 22．A．so B．which C．but D．as 23．A．outstanding B．light C．optimistic D．easygoing 24．A．gaining B．achieving C．seeking D．developing 25．A．prevent B．protect C．save D．free 26．A．singing B．debating C．running D．horse-riding 27．A．presence B．potential C．patience D．practice 28．A．hopefully B．certainly C．finally D．naturally 29．A．key B．turning C．breaking D．basic 30．A．confidence B．experience C．ability D．progress 31．A．paid in B．paid up C．paid back D．paid off 32．A．race B．work C．praise D．honor 33．A．in return B．in brief C．in turn D．in charge 34．A．convey B．overcome C．understand D．build 35．A．express B．stress C．contribute D．reply四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖南师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末英语试题
湖南师大附中2019—2020学年度高一第一学期期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试题卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试题卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15.B. £ 9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是C。
.1. What does the man want to do?A. To buy a new watch.B. To get his watch repaired. .C. To return the watch.2. What does Li Hua want to be?A. To be a physicist.B. To be a scientist.C. To be a writer.3. When will they go to Thailand?A. June.B. July.C. October.4. What does the woman like about the new job?A. It pays better.B. It has less work.C. It is more interesting.5. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Take weight-loss pills.B. Watch advertisements on TV.C Exercise regularly.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期月考(一)数学试题及答案
大联考湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷（一）数学命题人：高三数学备课组 审题人：高三数学备课组时量：120分钟 满分：150分一､选选选：本选共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，1. 已知{}()260,{lg 10}Axx x B x x =+−≤=−<∣∣，则A B = （ ）A. {}32xx −≤≤∣ B. {32}x x −≤<∣ C. {12}x x <≤∣D. {12}x x <<∣2. 若复数z 满足()1i 3i z +=−+（i 是虚数单位），则z 等于（ ）A.B.54C.D.3. 已知平面向量()()5,0,2,1ab ==−，则向量a b +在向量b上投影向量为（ ）A. ()6,3−B. ()4,2−C. ()2,1−D. ()5,04. 记n S 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，若396714,63a a a a +==，则7S =（ ） A. 21B. 19C. 12D. 425. 某校高二年级下学期期末考试数学试卷满分为150分，90分以上（含90分）为及格．阅卷结果显示，全年级1200名学生的数学成绩近似服从正态分布，试卷的难度系数（难度系数=平均分/满分）为0.49，标准差为22，则该次数学考试及格的人数约为（ ）附：若()2,X Nµσ∼，记()()p k P k X k µσµσ=−≤≤+，则()()0.750.547,10.683p p ≈≈．A 136人 B. 272人C. 328人D. 820人6. 已知()π5,0,,cos ,tan tan 426αβαβαβ∈−=⋅=，则αβ+=（ ） A.π6 B.π4C.π3D.2π37. 已知12,F F 是双曲线22221(0)x y a b a b−=>>的左､右焦点，以2F 为圆心，a 为半径的圆与双曲线的一条的.渐近线交于,A B 两点，若123AB F F >，则双曲线的离心率的取值范围是（ ）A.B.C. (D. (8. 已知函数()220log 0x a x f x x x ⋅≤= > ，，，，若关于x 的方程()()0f f x =有且仅有两个实数根，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ） A. ()0,1B. ()(),00,1−∞∪C. [)1,+∞D. ()()0,11,+∞二､多选题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分9. 如图，在正方体111ABCD A B C D −中，E F M N ，，，分别为棱111AA A D AB DC ，，，的中点，点P 是面1B C 的中心，则下列结论正确的是（ ）A. E F M P ，，，四点共面B. 平面PEF 被正方体截得的截面是等腰梯形C. //EF 平面PMND. 平面MEF ⊥平面PMN10. 已知函数()5π24f x x=+，则（ ）A. ()f x 的一个对称中心为3π,08B. ()f x 的图象向右平移3π8个单位长度后得到的是奇函数的图象 C. ()f x 在区间5π7π,88上单调递增 D. 若()y f x =在区间()0,m 上与1y =有且只有6个交点，则5π13π,24m∈11. 已知定义在R 上的偶函数()f x 和奇函数()g x 满足()()21f x g x ++−=，则（ ）A. ()f x 的图象关于点()2,1对称B. ()f x 是以8为周期的周期函数C. ()20240g =D.20241(42)2025k f k =−=∑ 三､填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12. 6(31)x y +−的展开式中2x y 的系数为______．13. 已知函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数，当0x >时，()()2f x f x ′−>，且()10f =，则不等式()0f x >的解集为__________.14. 已知点C 为扇形AOB 弧AB 上任意一点，且60AOB ∠=，若(),R OC OA OB λµλµ=+∈，则λµ+的取值范围是__________.四､解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.解答应写出文字说明､证明过程或演算步骤.15. ABC V 的内角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，已知22cos a b c B +=． （1）求角C ；（2）若角C 的平分线CD 交AB于点,D AD DB =，求CD 的长．16. 已知1ex =为函数()ln af x x x =的极值点． （1）求a 的值； （2）设函数()ex kxg x =，若对()120,,x x ∀∈+∞∃∈R ，使得()()120f x g x −≥，求k 的取值范围． 17. 已知四棱锥P ABCD −中，平面PAB ⊥底面,ABCD AD∥,,,2,BC AB BC PA PB AB AB BC AD E ⊥==为AB 的中点，F 为棱PC 上异于,P C 的点．的（1）证明：BD EF ⊥；（2）试确定点F 的位置，使EF 与平面PCD18. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，抛物线21:2(0)C ypx p =>的焦点到准线的距离等于椭圆222:161C x y +=的短轴长，点P 在抛物线1C 上，圆222:(2)E x y r −+=（其中01r <<）.（1）若1,2r Q =为圆E 上的动点，求线段PQ 长度的最小值； （2）设()1,D t 是抛物线1C 上位于第一象限的一点，过D 作圆E 的两条切线，分别交抛物线1C 于点,M N .证明：直线MN 经过定点.19. 龙泉游泳馆为给顾客更好的体验，推出了A 和B 两个套餐服务，顾客可选择A 和B 两个套餐之一，并在App 平台上推出了优惠券活动，下表是该游泳馆在App 平台10天销售优惠券情况． 日期t 12345678910销售量千张 1.9 1.98 2.2 2.36 2.43 2.59 2.68 2.76 2.7 04经计算可得：10101021111 2.2,118.73,38510i i i i i i i y y t y t ======∑∑∑ （1）因为优惠券购买火爆，App 平台在第10天时系统出现异常，导致当天顾客购买优惠券数量大幅减少，已知销售量y 和日期t 呈线性关系，现剔除第10天数据，求y 关于t 的经验回归方程结果中的数值用分数表示；（2）若购买优惠券的顾客选择A 套餐的概率为14，选择B 套餐的概率为34，并且A 套餐可以用一张优惠券，B 套餐可以用两张优惠券，记App 平台累计销售优惠券为n 张的概率为n P ，求n P ； （3）记（2）中所得概率n P 的值构成数列{}()N n P n ∗∈.①求n P 的最值；②数列收敛的定义：已知数列{}n a ，若对于任意给定的正数ε，总存在正整数0N ，使得当0n N >时，n a a ε−<，（a 是一个确定的实数），则称数列{}n a 收敛于a .根据数列收敛的定义证明数列{}n P 收敛．..参考公式： ()()()1122211ˆˆ,n ni ii ii i n n i i i i x x y y x y nx yay bx x xx nx====−−−==−−−∑∑∑∑.大联考湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷（一）数学命题人：高三数学备课组 审题人：高三数学备课组时量：120分钟 满分：150分一､选选选：本选共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，1. 已知{}()260,{lg 10}Axx x B x x =+−≤=−<∣∣，则A B = （ ）A. {}32xx −≤≤∣ B. {32}x x −≤<∣ C. {12}x x <≤∣ D. {12}x x <<∣【答案】D 【解析】【分析】通过解一元二次不等式和对数函数的定义域，求出集合,A B ，再求交集． 【详解】集合{}()32,{lg 10}{12}A x x B x x x x =−≤≤=−<=<<∣∣∣，则{12}A B xx ∩=<<∣， 故选：D ．2. 若复数z 满足()1i 3i z +=−+（i 是虚数单位），则z 等于（ ）A.B.54C.D.【答案】C 【解析】【分析】由复数的除法运算计算可得12i z =−+，再由模长公式即可得出结果. 【详解】依题意()1i 3i z +=−+可得()()()()3i 1i 3i 24i12i 1i 1i 1i 2z −+−−+−+====−+++−，所以z =. 故选：C3. 已知平面向量()()5,0,2,1a b ==−，则向量a b +在向量b上的投影向量为（ ）A. ()6,3−B. ()4,2−C. ()2,1−D. ()5,0【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据投影向量的计算公式即可求解.【详解】()()7,1,15,a b a b b b +=−+⋅==所以向量a b +在向量b 上的投影向量为()()236,3||a b b b bb +⋅==− .故选：A4. 记n S 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，若396714,63a a a a +==，则7S =（ ） A. 21 B. 19C. 12D. 42【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据等差数列的性质，即可求解公差和首项，进而由求和公式求解.【详解】{}n a 是等差数列，396214a a a ∴+==，即67a =，所以67769,a a a a == 故公差76162,53d a a a a d =−=∴=−=−，()767732212S ×∴=×−+×=， 故选：A5. 某校高二年级下学期期末考试数学试卷满分为150分，90分以上（含90分）为及格．阅卷结果显示，全年级1200名学生的数学成绩近似服从正态分布，试卷的难度系数（难度系数=平均分/满分）为0.49，标准差为22，则该次数学考试及格的人数约为（ ）附：若()2,X Nµσ∼，记()()p k P k X k µσµσ=−≤≤+，则()()0.750.547,10.683p p ≈≈．A. 136人B. 272人C. 328人D. 820人【答案】B 【解析】【分析】首先求出平均数，即可得到学生的数学成绩2~(73.5,22)X N ，再根据所给条件求出(5790)P X ≤≤，即可求出(90)P X ≥，即可估计人数．【详解】由题得0.4915073.5,22µσ=×==，()()(),0.750.547p k P k X k p µσµσ=−≤≤+≈ ，()5790P X ∴≤≤ ()0.750.547p ≈，()()900.510.5470.2265P X ≥×−，∴该校及格人数为0.22651200272×≈（人），故选：B ． 6. 已知()π5,0,,cos ,tan tan 426αβαβαβ∈−=⋅=，则αβ+=（ ） A.π6 B.π4C.π3D.2π3【答案】D 【解析】【分析】利用两角差的余弦定理和同角三角函数的基本关系建立等式求解，再由两角和的余弦公式求解即可．【详解】由已知可得5cos cos sin sin 6sin sin 4cos cos αβαβαβαβ⋅+⋅=⋅ =⋅ ， 解得1cos cos 62sin sin 3αβαβ⋅=⋅=，，()1cos cos cos sin sin 2αβαβαβ∴+=⋅−⋅=−，π,0,2αβ∈，()0,παβ∴+∈， 2π,3αβ∴+=，故选：D ．7. 已知12,F F 是双曲线22221(0)x y a b a b−=>>的左､右焦点，以2F 为圆心，a 为半径的圆与双曲线的一条渐近线交于,A B 两点，若123AB F F >，则双曲线的离心率的取值范围是（ ）A.B.C. (D. (【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据双曲线以及圆的方程可求得弦长AB =，再根据不等式123AB F F >整理可得2259c a <，即可求得双曲线的离心率的取值范围.【详解】设以()2,0F c 为圆心，a 为半径的圆与双曲线的一条渐近线0bx ay −=交于,A B 两点， 则2F 到渐近线0bx ay −=的距离d b，所以AB =， 因为123AB F F >，所以32c ×>，可得2222299a b c a b −>=+， 即22224555a b c a >=−，可得2259c a <，所以2295c a <，所以e <，又1e >，所以双曲线的离心率的取值范围是 .故选：B8. 已知函数()220log 0x a x f x x x ⋅≤= > ，，，，若关于x 的方程()()0f f x =有且仅有两个实数根，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ） A. ()0,1 B. ()(),00,1−∞∪C. [)1,+∞D. ()()0,11,+∞【答案】C 【解析】【分析】利用换元法设()u f x =，则方程等价为()0f u =，根据指数函数和对数函数图象和性质求出1u =，利用数形结合进行求解即可． 【详解】令()u f x =，则()0f u =．�当0a =时，若()0,0u f u ≤=；若0u >，由()2log 0f u u==，得1u =． 所以由()()0ff x =可得()0f x ≤或()1f x =．如图所示，满足()0f x ≤的x 有无数个，方程()1f x =只有一个解，不满足题意；�当0a ≠时，若0≤u ，则()20uf u a =⋅≠；若0u >，由()2log 0f u u==，得1u =． 所以由()()0ff x =可得()1f x =，当0x >时，由()2log 1f x x==，可得2x =， 因为关于x 的方程()()0f f x =有且仅有两个实数根，则方程()1f x =在(,0∞−]上有且仅有一个实数根，若0a >且()(]0,20,xx f x a a ≤=⋅∈，故1a ≥； 若0a <且()0,20xx f x a ≤=⋅<，不满足题意．综上所述，实数a 的取值范围是[)1,+∞， 故选：C ．二､多选题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求.全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分9. 如图，在正方体111ABCD A B C D −中，E F M N ，，，分别为棱111AA A D AB DC ，，，的中点，点P 是面1B C 的中心，则下列结论正确的是（ ）A. E F M P ，，，四点共面B. 平面PEF 被正方体截得的截面是等腰梯形C. //EF 平面PMND. 平面MEF ⊥平面PMN【答案】BD 【解析】【分析】可得过,,E F M 三点的平面为一个正六边形，判断A ；分别连接,E F 和1,B C ，截面1C BEF 是等腰梯形，判断B ；分别取11,BB CC 的中点,G Q ，易证EF 显然不平行平面QGMN ，可判断C ；EM ⊥平面PMN ，可判断D.【详解】对于A ：如图经过,,E F M 三点的平面为一个正六边形EFMHQK ，点P 在平面外，,,,E F M P ∴四点不共面，∴选项A 错误；对于B ：分别连接,E F 和1,B C ，则平面PEF 即平面1C BEF ，截面1C BEF 是等腰梯形，∴选项B 正确；对于C ：分别取11,BB CC 的中点,G Q ，则平面PMN 即为平面QGMN ， 由正六边形EFMHQK ，可知HQ EF ，所以MQ 不平行于EF ，又,EF MQ ⊂平面EFMHQK ，所以EF MQ W = ，所以EF I 平面QGMN W =， 所以EF 不平行于平面PMN ，故选项C 错误；对于D ：因为,AEM BMG 是等腰三角形，45AME BMG ∴∠=∠=°， 90EMG ∴∠=°，EMMG ∴⊥，,M N 是,AB CD 的中点，易证MN AD ∥，由正方体可得AD ⊥平面11ABB A ，MN ∴⊥平面11ABB A ，又ME ⊂平面11ABB A ，EM MN ∴⊥，,MG MN ⊂ 平面PMN ，EM ∴⊥平面GMN ，EM ⊂ 平面MEF ，∴平面MEF ⊥平面,PMN 故选项D 正确．���BD ．10. 已知函数()5π24f x x=+，则（ ）A. ()f x 的一个对称中心为3π,08B. ()f x 的图象向右平移3π8个单位长度后得到的是奇函数的图象 C. ()f x 在区间5π7π,88上单调递增 D. 若()y f x =在区间()0,m 上与1y =有且只有6个交点，则5π13π,24m∈【答案】BD 【解析】【分析】代入即可验证A ，根据平移可得函数图象，即可由正弦型函数的奇偶性求解B ，利用整体法即可判断C ，由5πcos 24x+求解所以根，即可求解D.【详解】对于A ，由35π3π2π0848f =+×=≠，故A 错误；对于B ，()f x 的图象向右平移3π8个单位长度后得： 3π3π5ππ228842y f x x x x=−−++，为奇函数，故B 正确； 对于C ，当5π7π,88x∈时，则5π5π2,3π42x +∈ ，由余弦函数单调性知，()f x 在区间5π7π,88 上单调递减，故C 错误；对于D ，由()1f x =，得5πcos 24x+ππ4x k =+或ππ,2k k +∈Z ， ()y f x =在区间()0,m 上与1y =有且只有6个交点，其横坐标从小到大依次为：ππ5π3π9π5π,,,,,424242， 而第7个交点的横坐标为13π4， 5π13π24m ∴<≤，故D 正确. 故选：BD11. 已知定义在R 上的偶函数()f x 和奇函数()g x 满足()()21f x g x ++−=，则（ ）A. ()f x 的图象关于点()2,1对称B. ()f x 是以8为周期的周期函数C. ()20240g =D.20241(42)2025k f k =−=∑ 【答案】ABC 【解析】【分析】根据函数奇偶性以及所满足的表达式构造方程组可得()()222f x f x ++−=，即可判断A 正确；利用对称中心表达式进行化简计算可得B 正确，可判断()g x 也是以8为周期的周期函数，即C 正确；根据周期性以及()()42f x f x ++=计算可得20241(42)2024k f k =−=∑，可得D 错误. 【详解】由题意()()()(),f x f x g x g x −=−=−，且()()()00,21g f x g x =++−=， 即()()21f x g x +−=①， 用x −替换()()21f x g x ++−=中的x ，得()()21f x g x −+=②， 由①+②得()()222f x f x ++−=， 所以()f x 的图象关于点(2,1)对称，且()21f =，故A 正确；由()()222f x f x ++−=，可得()()()()()42,422f x f x f x f x f x ++−=+=−−=−， 所以()()()()82422f x f x f x f x +=−+=−−= ， 所以()f x 是以8为周期的周期函数，故B 正确； 由①知()()21g x f x =+−，则()()()()882121g x f x f x g x +=++−=+−=，故()()8g x g x +=，因此()g x 也是以8为周期的周期函数， 所以()()202400g g ==，C 正确；又因为()()42f x f x ++−=，所以()()42f x f x ++=， 令2x =，则有()()262f f +=，令10x =，则有()()10142,f f +=…， 令8090x =，则有()()809080942f f +=， 所以1012(2)(6)(10)(14)(8090)(8094)2222024f f f f f f ++++++=+++=个所以20241(42)(2)(6)(10)(14)(8090)(8094)2024k f k f f f f f f =−=++++++=∑ ，故D 错误.故选：ABC【点睛】方法点睛：求解函数奇偶性、对称性、周期性等函数性质综合问题时，经常利用其中两个性质推得第三个性质特征，再进行相关计算.三､填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12. 6(31)x y +−的展开式中2x y 的系数为______． 【答案】180− 【解析】【分析】根据题意，由条件可得展开式中2x y 的系数为213643C C (1)⋅−，化简即可得到结果． 【详解】在6(31)x y +−的展开式中， 由()2213264C C 3(1)180x y x y ⋅⋅−=−，得2x y 的系数为180−. 故答案为：180−．13. 已知函数()f x 是定义域为R 的奇函数，当0x >时，()()2f x f x ′−>，且()10f =，则不等式()0f x >的解集为__________.【答案】()()1,01,−∪+∞ 【解析】【分析】根据函数奇偶性并求导可得()()f x f x ′′−=，因此可得()()2f x f x ′>，可构造函数()()2xf x h x =e并求得其单调性即可得()f x 在()1,+∞上大于零，在()0,1上小于零，即可得出结论. 【详解】因为()f x 为奇函数，定义域为R ，所以()()f x f x −=−，两边同时求导可得()()f x f x ′′−−=−，即()()f x f x ′′−=且()00f =，又因为当0x >时，()()2f x f x ′−>，所以()()2f x f x ′>. 构造函数()()2xf x h x =e，则()()()22x f x f x h x ′−′=e ， 所以当0x >时，()()0,h x h x ′>在()0,∞+上单调递增，又因为()10f =，所以()()10,h h x =在()1,+∞上大于零，在()0,1上小于零， 又因为2e 0x >，所以()f x 在()1,+∞上大于零，在()0,1上小于零， 因为()f x 为奇函数，所以()f x 在(),1∞−−上小于零，在()1,0−上大于零， 综上所述，()0f x >的解集为()()1,01,−∪+∞. 故答案为：()()1,01,−∪+∞14. 已知点C 为扇形AOB 的弧AB 上任意一点，且60AOB ∠=，若(),R OC OA OB λµλµ=+∈，则λµ+的取值范围是__________.【答案】【解析】【分析】建系设点的坐标，再结合向量关系表示λµ+，最后应用三角恒等变换及三角函数值域求范围即可. 【详解】方法一：设圆O 的半径为1，由已知可设OB 为x 轴的正半轴，O 为坐标原点，过O 点作x 轴垂线为y 轴建立直角坐标系，其中()()1,1,0,cos ,sin 2A B C θθ ，其中π,0,3BOC θθ ∠=∈ ， 由(),R OC OA OB λµλµ=+∈，即()()1cos ,sin 1,02θθλµ =+，整理得1cos sin 2λµθθ+=，解得cos λµθ=，则ππcos cos ,0,33λµθθθθθ+=++=+∈，ππ2ππ,,sin 3333θθ+∈+∈所以λµ +∈ . 方法二：设k λµ+=，如图，当C 位于点A 或点B 时，,,A B C 三点共线，所以1k λµ=+=； 当点C 运动到AB的中点时，k λµ=+，所以λµ +∈故答案为：四､解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.解答应写出文字说明､证明过程或演算步骤.15. ABC V 的内角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，已知22cos a b c B +=． （1）求角C ；（2）若角C 的平分线CD 交AB于点,D AD DB =，求CD 的长．【答案】（1）2π3C = （2）3CD = 【解析】【分析】（1）利用正弦定理及两角和的正弦定理整理得到()2cos 1sin 0C B +=，再利用三角形的内角及正弦函数的性质即可求解；（2）利用正弦定理得出3b a =，再由余弦定理求出4a =，12b =，再根据三角形的面积建立等式求解． 【小问1详解】 由22cos a b c B +=，根据正弦定理可得2sin sin 2sin cos A B C B +=，则()2sin sin 2sin cos B C B C B ++=，所以2sin cos 2cos sin sin 2sin cos B C B C B C B ++=，整理得()2cos 1sin 0C B +=， 因为,B C 均为三角形内角，所以(),0,π,sin 0B C B ∈≠， 因此1cos 2C =−，所以2π3C =． 【小问2详解】因为CD 是角C的平分线，AD DB=所以在ACD 和BCD △中，由正弦定理可得，,ππsin sin sin sin 33AD CD BD CDA B ==， 因此sin 3sin BADA BD==，即sin 3sin B A =，所以3b a =， 又由余弦定理可得2222cos c a b ab C =+−，即222293a a a =++， 解得4a =，所以12b =．又ABCACD BCD S S S =+△△△，即111sin sin sin 222ab ACB b CD ACD a CD BCD ∠∠∠=⋅⋅+⋅⋅， 即4816CD =，所以3CD =． 16. 已知1ex =为函数()ln af x x x =的极值点． （1）求a 的值； （2）设函数()ex kxg x =，若对()120,,x x ∀∈+∞∃∈R ，使得()()120f x g x −≥，求k 的取值范围． 【答案】（1）1a = （2）(]()10,−∞−+∞ , 【解析】【分析】（1）直接根据极值点求出a 的值；（2）先由（1）求出()f x 的最小值，由题意可得是求()g x 的最小值，小于等于()f x 的最小值，对()g x 求导，判断由最小值时的k 的范围，再求出最小值与()f x 最小值的关系式，进而求出k 的范围． 【小问1详解】()()111ln ln 1a a f x ax x x x a x xα−−==′+⋅+，由1111ln 10e e e a f a −=+=′，得1a =， 当1a =时，()ln 1f x x =′+，函数()f x 在10,e上单调递减，在1,e∞ +上单调递增， 所以1ex =为函数()ln af x x x =的极小值点， 所以1a =． 【小问2详解】由（1）知min 11()e ef x f ==−． 函数()g x 的导函数()()1e xg x k x −=−′ �若0k >，对()1210,,x x k ∞∀∈+∃=−，使得()()12111e 1e k g x g f x k=−=−<−<−≤，即()()120f x g x −≥，符合题意． �若()0,0kg x =，取11ex =，对2x ∀∈R ，有()()120f x g x −<，不符合题意．�若0k <，当1x <时，()()0,g x g x ′<在(),1∞−上单调递减；当1x >时，()()0,g x g x ′>在(1,+∞)上单调递增，所以()min ()1ekg x g ==， 若对()120,,x x ∞∀∈+∃∈R ，使得()()120f x g x −≥，只需min min ()()g x f x ≤， 即1e ek ≤−，解得1k ≤−． 综上所述，k 的取值范围为(](),10,∞∞−−∪+．17. 已知四棱锥P ABCD −中，平面PAB ⊥底面,ABCD AD ∥,,,2,BC AB BC PA PB AB AB BC AD E ⊥==为AB 的中点，F 为棱PC 上异于,P C 的点．（1）证明：BD EF ⊥；（2）试确定点F 的位置，使EF 与平面PCD【答案】（1）证明见解析 （2）F 位于棱PC 靠近P 的三等分点 【解析】【分析】（1）连接,,PE EC EC 交BD 于点G ，利用面面垂直的性质定理和三角形全等，即可得证； （2）取DC 的中点H ，以E 为坐标原点，分别以,,EB EH EP 所在直线为,,x y z 轴建立，利用线面角公式代入即可求解．小问1详解】如图，连接,,PE EC EC 交BD 于点G ．因为E 为AB 的中点，PA PB =，所以PE AB ⊥．因为平面PAB ⊥平面ABCD ，平面PAB ∩平面,ABCD AB PE =⊂平面PAB ， 所以PE ⊥平面ABCD ，因为BD ⊂平面ABCD ，所以PE BD ⊥．因为ABD BCE ≅ ，所以CEB BDA ∠∠=，所以90CEB ABD ∠∠+= ， 所以BD EC ⊥，因为,,PE EC E PE EC ∩=⊂平面PEC ， 所以BD ⊥平面PEC ．因为EF ⊂平面PEC ，所以BD EF ⊥． 【小问2详解】如图，取DC 的中点H ，以E 为坐标原点，分别以,,EB EH EP 所在直线为,,x y z 轴建立空间直角坐标系，【设2AB =，则2,1,BC AD PA PB ====则()()()()0,0,1,1,2,0,1,1,0,0,0,0P C D E −，设(),,,(01)F x y z PF PC λλ=<<， 所以()(),,11,2,1x y z λ−=−，所以,2,1x y z λλλ===−，即(),2,1F λλλ−．则()()()2,1,0,1,2,1,,2,1DC PC EF λλλ==−=−，设平面PCD 的法向量为(),,m a b c =，则00DC m PC m ⋅=⋅=，，即2020a b a b c += +−= ，，取()1,2,3m =−− ， 设EF 与平面PCD 所成的角为θ，由cos θ=sin θ=．所以sin cos ,m EF m EF m EF θ⋅===整理得2620λλ−=，因为01λ<<，所以13λ=，即13PF PC = ，故当F 位于棱PC 靠近P 的三等分点时，EF 与平面PCD18. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，抛物线21:2(0)C ypx p =>的焦点到准线的距离等于椭圆222:161C x y +=的短轴长，点P 在抛物线1C 上，圆222:(2)E x y r −+=（其中01r <<）.（1）若1,2r Q =为圆E 上的动点，求线段PQ 长度的最小值；（2）设()1,D t 是抛物线1C 上位于第一象限的一点，过D 作圆E 的两条切线，分别交抛物线1C 于点,M N .证明：直线MN 经过定点.【答案】（1（2）证明见解析【解析】【分析】（1）根据椭圆的短轴可得抛物线方程2y x =，进而根据两点斜率公式，结合三角形的三边关系，即可由二次函数的性质求解，（2）根据两点坐标可得直线,MN DM 的直线方程，由直线与圆相切可得,a b 是方程()()()2222124240r x r x r −+−+−=的两个解，即可利用韦达定理代入化简求解定点. 【小问1详解】 由题意得椭圆的方程：221116y x +=，所以短半轴14b = 所以112242p b ==×=，所以抛物线1C 的方程是2y x =. 设点()2,P t t ，则111222PQ PE ≥−=−=≥， 所以当232ι=时，线段PQ . 【小问2详解】()1,D t 是抛物线1C 上位于第一象限的点，21t ∴=，且()0,1,1t D >∴设()()22,,,M a a N b b ，则： 直线()222:b a MN y a x a b a −−=−−，即()21y a x a a b −=−+，即()0x a b y ab −++=. 直线()21:111a DM y x a −−=−−，即()10x a y a −++=. 由直线DMr =，即()()()2222124240r a r a r −+−+−=..同理，由直线DN 与圆相切得()()()2222124240r b r b r −+−+−=. 所以,a b 是方程()()()2222124240r x r x r −+−+−=的两个解， 22224224,11r r a b ab r r −−∴+==−− 代入方程()0x a b y ab −++=得()()222440x y r x y +++−−−=， 220,440,x y x y ++= ∴ ++= 解得0,1.x y = =− ∴直线MN 恒过定点()0,1−.【点睛】圆锥曲线中定点问题的两种解法（1）引进参数法：先引进动点的坐标或动线中系数为参数表示变化量，再研究变化的量与参数何时没有关系，找到定点.（2）特殊到一般法：先根据动点或动线的特殊情况探索出定点，再证明该定点与变量无关.技巧：若直线方程为()00y y k x x −=−,则直线过定点()00,x y ;若直线方程为y kx b =+ (b 为定值),则直线过定点()0,.b 19. 龙泉游泳馆为给顾客更好的体验，推出了A 和B 两个套餐服务，顾客可选择A 和B 两个套餐之一，并在App 平台上推出了优惠券活动，下表是该游泳馆在App 平台10天销售优惠券情况． 日期t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 销售量千张 1.9 1.98 2.2 2.36 2.43 259 2.68 2.76 2.7 0.4经计算可得：10101021111 2.2,118.73,38510i i i i i i i y y t y t ======∑∑∑. （1）因为优惠券购买火爆，App 平台在第10天时系统出现异常，导致当天顾客购买优惠券数量大幅减少，已知销售量y 和日期t 呈线性关系，现剔除第10天数据，求y 关于t 的经验回归方程结果中的数值用分数表示；..（2）若购买优惠券的顾客选择A 套餐的概率为14，选择B 套餐的概率为34，并且A 套餐可以用一张优惠券，B 套餐可以用两张优惠券，记App 平台累计销售优惠券为n 张的概率为n P ，求n P ；（3）记（2）中所得概率n P 的值构成数列{}()Nn P n ∗∈. ①求n P 的最值；②数列收敛的定义：已知数列{}n a ，若对于任意给定的正数ε，总存在正整数0N ，使得当0n N >时，n a a ε−<，（a 是一个确定的实数），则称数列{}n a 收敛于a .根据数列收敛的定义证明数列{}n P 收敛．参考公式： ()()()1122211ˆˆ,n ni ii i i i n n ii i i x x y y x y nx y ay bx x x x nx ====−−−==−−−∑∑∑∑. 【答案】（1）673220710001200y t + （2）433774n n P =+⋅−（3）①最大值为1316，最小值为14；②证明见解析 【解析】 【分析】（1）计算出新数据的相关数值，代入公式求出 ,ab 的值，进而得到y 关于t 的回归方程； （2）由题意可知1213,(3)44n n n P P P n −−=+≥，其中12113,416P P ==，构造等比数列，再利用等比数列的通项公式求解；（3）①分n 为偶数和n 为奇数两种情况讨论，结合指数函数的单调性求解；②利用数列收敛的定义，准确推理、运算，即可得证． 【小问1详解】 解：剔除第10天的数据，可得2.2100.4 2.49y ×−==新， 12345678959t ++++++++=新， 则9922111119.73100.4114,73,38510285i i i i t y t = =−×==−= ∑∑新新，所以912922119114,7395 2.4673ˆ2859560009i i i i t y t y b t t == − −×× ==−× − ∑∑新新新新新， 可得6732207ˆ 2.4560001200a =−×=，所以6732207ˆ60001200y t +. 【小问2详解】 解：由题意知1213,(3)44n n n P P P n −−=+≥，其中12111313,444416P P ==×+=， 所以11233,(3)44n n n n P P P P n −−−+=+≥，又由2131331141644P P ++×， 所以134n n P P − +是首项为1的常数列，所以131,(2)4n n P P n −+=≥ 所以1434(),(2)747n n P P n −−=−−≥，又因为1414974728P −=−=−， 所以数列47n P − 是首项为928−，公比为34−的等比数列， 故1493()7284n n P −−=−−，所以1934433()()2847774n n n P −=−−+=+−. 【小问3详解】 解：①当n 为偶数时，19344334()()28477747n n n P −=−−+=+⋅>单调递减， 最大值为21316P =； 当n 为奇数时，19344334()()28477747n n n P −=−−+=−⋅<单调递增，最小值为114P =， 综上可得，数列{}n P 的最大值为1316，最小值为14. ②证明：对任意0ε>总存在正整数0347[log ()]13N ε=+，其中 []x 表示取整函数， 当 347[log ()]13n ε>+时，347log ()34333333()()()7747474n n n P εε−=⋅−=⋅<⋅=， 所以数列{}n P 收敛.【点睛】知识方法点拨：与新定义有关的问题的求解策略：1、通过给出一个新的定义，或约定一种新的运算，或给出几个新模型来创设新问题的情景，要求在阅读理解的基础上，依据题目提供的信息，联系所学的知识和方法，实心信息的迁移，达到灵活解题的目的；2、遇到新定义问题，应耐心读题，分析新定义的特点，弄清新定义的性质，按新定义的要求，“照章办事”，逐条分析、运算、验证，使得问题得以解决.方法点拨：与数列有关的问题的求解策略：3、若新定义与数列有关，可得利用数列的递推关系式，结合数列的相关知识进行求解，多通过构造的分法转化为等差、等比数列问题求解，求解过程灵活运用数列的性质，准确应用相关的数列知识.。
湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题
湖南师大附中2023—2024学年度高一第一学期期中考试英语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A．£19.15B．£9.18C．£9.15答案是C。
1．What will the woman do tomorrow?A．Enjoy flowers.B．Watch birds.C．Buy a camera.2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．Moving house.B．Working overtime.C．Doing some cleaning.3．Who is Lucy?A．The woman’s boss.B．The woman’s daughter.C．The woman’s coworker. 4．Where is the conversation probably taking place?A．In a hospital.B．In a restaurant.C．In an office.5．What does the woman mean?A．She wants to keep the window open.B．The man should wear thick clothes.C．The room needs cleaning.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读选择The COVID-19 pandemic led to a great number of rescheduling release dates （.上映日期）.Despite how the reality of the calendar develops, these arc some films we're crossing our fingers that well get to see this next year.Malcolm & MarieRelease date: February 5Director: Sam LevinsonA director and his girlfriend's relationship is tested after they return home from his movie premiere （首映）and await critics* responses, he romantic drama is directed by Sam Levinson.Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten RingsRelease date: July 9Director: Destin Daniel CrettonIt's about time for the Marvel Cinematic Universe （漫威电影宇宙）to have its first Asian superhero on the silver screen. And there are few better heroes to pick than Shang-Chi, the Master of Kung Fu, who has the knowledge of nearly every martial art. This upcoming film will feature a 98% Asian cast.West Side StoryRelease date: December 10Director: Steven SpielbergSteven Spielberg's new adaptation of the famous Broadway musical of the same name, which itself was based on Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, is finally seeing the light of day in late 2021.The Matrix 4Release date: December 22Director: Lana WachowskiLana Wachowski is set to bring us another sci-fi action-adventure set in the digital world she helped create way back in 1999.1.What type of film is Malcolm & Marie?A. Comedy.B. Fantasy.C. Romance.D. Sci-fi.2.What do we know about Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings?A.It is Marvel Studio's upcoming superhero film.B.It stars Destin Daniel Cretton.C.Its hero knows everything about martial art.D.It is a film with an all-Asian cast.3. Which of the following film is adapted from a musical?A.Malcolm & Marie.B.Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings.C.West Side Story.D.The Matrix 4.【答案】C1.AC【分析】23.考查动词词义辨析。
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期第一次大练习数学试题 含答案
19．（本题满分 12 分）
已知 a 、 b 、 c 均为正实数． （1）若 ab bc ca 3，求证： a b c 3 ； （2）若 a b ab 3 ，求 ab 的最大值．
20．（本题满分 12 分） 某单位有员工 1000 名，平均每人每年创造利润 10 万元．为了增加企业竞争力，决定优化产业结构，
1 2m 4
1 2
1 2m 4
1 2
则有
f
1 2
0
或
f
，
1
2m 4
0
解得 m 9 ． 2
故
m
的取值范围为
m∣m
9 2
．
22．解：（1）根据题意，由 A {1,1} ，则 A {2, 0, 2} ， A {0, 2} ；
22．（本题满分 12 分）
3
已知集合 A 为非空数集，定义 A {x∣x a b, a,b A} ， A {x | x | a b∣, a,b A} ．
（1）若集合 A {1,1} ，直接写出集合 A 及 A ；
（2）若集合 A x1, x2 , x3, x4 ， x1 x2 x3 x4 ，且 A A ，求证 x1 x4 x2 x3 ；
（2）从事第三产业的员工创造的年总利润为10
a
3x 500
x
万元，
从事原来产业的员工的年总利润为10(1000
x)
1
1 500
x
万元，
则10
a
3x 500
x
10(1000
x)(1
0.2x%)
所以 ax 3x2 1000 2x x 1 x 2 ，
500
500
所以 ax 2x2 1000 x ， 500
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年度高二第一学期期末考试英语
-,)
.)
!"#$%&!"!"#!"!$'()*+,-'../01
!"
!#"!$"
#$
%&'$(),-./0%"0
4!567"89:;<=>?%@ABCD7EFGHI5J7;<=I
"8KLM"!N=
"!?@*,./;!
#!A)040,-/;!
%!2+3.,-.+/'&(3:C&,:C.&;&
$!B7/3-/;!
"!A//+/03):.!
#!D&-+&44,:C!
$!E/7,F/0(,75!
)!2+8;&/-G)*80/>)-/.+/(3:=-&>>/0
"!A+/,-F/086)-8!
"!L&0(/;,*,:37)-/!
#!L&047/3-)0/!
$!L&0.+/0/7,C,&)-0/3-&:! !*!2+&(3;/(&J,.&-&'/77M5:&':30&):;.+/'&07;
"!"-,:C/0!
#!"4,03./!
Ow!"Rxyg"w!&z#"!
湖南省2020-2021学年上学期高一英语期末试卷精选汇编：完形填空专题
完形填空专题湖南省永州市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a boy, I played the piano six hours a day. I love the instrument. My mother____21____ me to read notes, and my father showed me how to control the ___22___. At first I played on clunky (沉闷的) Chinese keyboards ___23___, but the best we could afford. Later my parents bought me a Swedish piano, but I broke half the keys on it playing Tchaikovsky.To be a serious ___24___, I would have to move to Beijing where millions of pianists in China were competing for fame. To remove to Beijing with me, my father ___25___ a great sacrifice. He quit his concertmaster’s (首席小提琴手) job and my mother still stayed in Shenyang to keep working to ___26___ us. Before we ___27___Beijing, they both warned me, “Being a pianist is hard. Can you live without your mother?” I said, “I want my ___28___!” But I knew I needed to be in Beijing.Suddenly my father and I were newcomers—outsiders. The only apartment we could afford was in an unheated building, with five families ___29___ one bathroom. My father became an house-wife mostly.I was miserable, but not from the poverty or ___30___. My new teacher in Beijing didn’t like me. “You have no ___31___, ” she often told me. “You will never be a pianist.” And one day, she ___32___ me.I was just nine years old then and I didn’t want to be a pianist anymore, I wanted to go home to my mother. For the next two weeks I didn’t touch the piano. ___33___, my father didn’t push. H e just ___34___. That day I told my father what he waited to hear—that I wanted to study with a new teacher. ___35___ that time on, everything turned around.21. A. allowed B. asked C. taught D. forced22. A. sounds B. voices C. strings D. keys23. A. safe B. cheap C. fine D. convenient24. A. scientist B. genius C. musician D. doctor25. A. created B. produced C. got D. made26. A. support B. understand C. provide D. supply27. A. left for B. turned to C. got in D. stayed in28. A. mother B. father C. hometown D. friends29. A. cleaning B. living C. keeping D. sharing30. A. pleasure B. pressure C. success D. leisure31. A. talent B. patience C. money D. confidence32. A. prevented B. stopped C. fired D. punished33. A. Unfortunately B. Hopefully C. Sadly D. Wisely34. A. cried B. waited C. smiled D. shouted35. A. Until B. From C. Since D. After【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
精品解析：湖南师范大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一上学期期末英语试题(原卷版)
湖南师大附中2019—2020学年度高一第一学期期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试题卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试题卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。
.1.What does the man want to do?A.To buy a new watch.B.To get his watch repaired.C.To return the watch.2.What does Li Hua want to be?A.To be a physicist.B.To be a scientist.C.To be a writer.3.When will they go to Thailand?A.June.B.July.C.October.4.What does the woman like about the new job?A.It pays better.B.It has less work.C.It is more interesting.5.What does the man suggest the woman do?A.Take weight-loss pills.B.Watch advertisements on TV.C.Exercise regularly.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试语文试题(原卷版+解析版)
湖南师大附中2023－2024学年度高一上学期期末考试语文时量：150分钟满分：150分一、现代文阅读（37分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成各题。
①爱美之心，人皆有之。
欣赏文艺复兴时期的画作，呈现在我们眼前的是不加任何修饰的脸、眼睛和神韵。
这表明，在那时的人们看来，真实自然是最美的。
在中国，汉成帝宠爱苗条纤细的赵飞燕，唐玄宗宠爱珠圆玉润的杨玉环，使得“燕瘦环肥”曾经在特定时代掀起一股不小的审美风潮。
尽管人们追求身体美的愿望不曾改变，但由于地域、文化、种族等的不同，历时的与共时的“身体美学”均呈现出千姿百态。
进入21世纪，随着世界各国的文化交融日益频繁，地域隔阂被打破，东西方越来越多地共享着时尚身体的审美观念。
②在《人体美丽史》一书中，法国学者乔治·维加莱洛指出：人们对身体美的探求从面部轮廓延伸至整个身体的全面特征,并用这些特征展现自己的个性；然而，借助发型、化妆和体型锻炼等传统方式来修饰身体，总是存在一定限度；凭借科技支持，医疗美容手术能直接地干预身体，从而使得人们可以无限地去接近他们理想的美貌。
于是乎，运用手术、药物、医疗器械以及其他具有创伤性或者侵入性的医学技术方法对人的容貌和人体各部位形态进行修复与再塑，成为一种追求身体美的新时尚。
在此背景下，医疗美容行业乘势发展，服务范围不断延伸，已形成涵盖美容外科、美容皮肤科、美容牙科和美容中医科在内的上百种服务项目。
在医美市场的扩张中，医美广告——既推销商品和服务，还不断地“生产”消费者——扮演了十分重要的角色。
③2019年8月，互联网医美服务平台“新氧”在视频网站上投放了一则广告，视频中一群身穿白色裙子的女性一起尖声高唱：“新氧医美，整整整。
女人美了，才完整。
”随后画面上浮现出五个大字——“做女人整好”。
正如费瑟斯通所说，广告就是能把罗曼蒂克、奇珍异宝、欲望、美、成功、共同体、科学进步与舒适生活等各种意象附着在肥皂、洗衣机、酒精饮品等各种平庸的消费品之上。
湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
【全国百强校】湖南师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Pacific Science Center Guide◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s StoreDon’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.◆HungryOur exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.◆Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.◆Support Pacific Science CenterSince 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.1．Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?A．In Building 1.B．In Building 3.C．At the the Laser Dome.D．At the Denny Way entrance.2．What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?A．Train Science teachers.B．Distribute science books.C．Inspire scientific research.D．Take science to the classroom.3．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A．To encourage donations.B．To advertise coming events.C．To introduce special exhibits.D．To tell about the Center’s history.Everyone can try his best to achieve something. We don't need to be the best, but to challenge the limits of what we are capable of. I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and beloved person in my life.Mr. Myrus was always perfectly dressed and spoke with the belief that talking to an eight －year－old child didn't mean he had to sacrifice proper statements or grammar. And he was demanding,__but he wasn't unreasonable or cruel. He simply felt that no matter what your best was, you should achieve it.Luckily enough, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher. I was not, nor ever will be, gifted in math. I remember my struggles in class. “I don't know the answer，” I would say. “I can't do it！” “Perhaps you don't know the answer，” he would say quietly. “Do you think we might figure it out together? How do you know what you can do if you don't have a try？”Mr. Myrus lived around the corner, and I would often stop by to talk while he worked in his garden. I knew there was someone who let me know that if I had really tried, that was enough. “Don't be so hard on yourself，”he'd say.“Stop blaming yourself. Did you try your best? Well，then you're not a failure，” he often told me these words.Mr. Myrus died in 1978. I had never thought about his death. He was too young. I felt sorry. But when I think about him now, I don't feel so sorry. He taught me to be kind, not only to others，but to myself. He taught me my own value. He taught me about honor, about truth, and about doing my best and he also taught me that all feelings and beliefs have dignity and deserve respect. And of all the things I know, I believe that we can't all be “the best”，but we can, each of us, be our best. And I know that's true because Mr. Myrus told me that.4．What does the underlined word “demanding” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A．Strict. B．Indifferent.C．Critical. D．Careful.5．Why did the author think he was lucky in Paragraph 3?A．Mr. Myrus became his teacher again.B．Mr. Myrus was his teacher for eight years.C．He became interested in math because of Mr. Myrus.D．He developed a good relationship with Mr. Myrus.6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．The author may have become a teacher.B．The author liked to recall his childhood.C．The author believed he would be the best of all.D．The author ended up being a man of self－confidence.7．What can we learn about Mr. Myrus according to the passage?A．He is usually indifferent to the students.B．He is responsible for his students and his teaching.C．He is a person who isn't particular about what he wears.D．He is sometimes cruel and unreasonable to his students.Even the hardest days contain lessons that will help you be a better person. Feeling down？Consider these things to remember when you're having a bad day.No one promised life would be perfect. If you look for perfection, you'll never be content. Don't condition your happiness on meeting every expectation you set for yourself. It is good to be ambitious，but you'll never be perfect. If you expect otherwise, your life will be filled with disappointments.Success doesn't happen overnight.Trees__that__are__slow__to__grow__bear__the__best__fruit.__Don't kid yourself into thinking success will come quickly. It isn't easy to be patient，but anything worth doing requires time. If you get frustrated, remind yourself why your goal is important.There is a lesson in every struggle. And once the storm is over，you won't remember how you made it through or how you managed to survive. But one thing is certain. When you come out of the storm, you won't be the same person who walked in. That's what this storm's all about. Don't complain about how terrible your life is. If you search for the lesson in your presentstruggle, you'll be able to make positive changes that would prevent similar situations in the future.Without hard times, you wouldn't appreciate the good ones. Strength does not come from winning. Your struggles develop your strengths. When you go through hardships and decide not to give in, that is strength. It is hard to find much to smile about when you fail, but how else would you improve yourself？If you look at failure as a part of your evolutionary process, you'll stay positive and pursue your goals for as long as it takes.8．Which of the following summarizes this passage best?A．Every person has to go through hard times.B．Perfection doesn't exist in life.C．We should accept the fact that life is not perfect.D．Things to remember when you are having a bad day.9．What does the underlined sentence mean?A．Success will come quickly. B．Hard work leads to success. C．Success calls for patience. D．Confidence is the first step to success. 10．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that ______．A．lessons from struggles make us strongerB．all things are difficult before they are easyC．we should forget how we managed to surviveD．similar situations in the future will never appear11．Which statement agrees with the passage?A．Hard times make us lose heart and be short of courage.B．Perseverance in time of hardships develops our strengths.C．Smiles when you fail will not help to improve yourself.D．We should try to avoid failures in the evolutionary process.Nations in the UN have agreed that the world needs to completely stop plastic waste from entering the oceans. The UN resolution(决议) has no timetable. But ministers at an environment summit believe it will set the course for much tougher policies and send a clear signal to business.Under the resolution, governments would establish an international task force(特遣小组) to advise on fighting what the UN's oceans chief has described as a world crisis. Onecontroversial issue is the wish to include businesses on the global task force. Ministers say the problem will not be solved without business, but green groups point out that some firms in the plastics industry have been against restrictions for decades. Vidar Helgesen, a leading voice in the talks, told BBC News, “Business is listening to markets and seeing how marine litter(海洋垃圾) is a growing popular concern. It's possibly the fastest－growing environmental problem and it's therefore a fast－growing problem for business. We need to bring on board those companies that want to change things, and then look at taxes and regulations to make more companies act.”Certainly, there has been resistance from plastics firms to the bans. One UN delegate, who did not want to be named, stated that journalists in some countries were being paid by the plastics industry to write stories about job losses following the plastic bag ban. But they did not mention the jobs being created in alternatives, such as labour－intensive basketwork, which provides work for the rural poor. But some governments are standing firm, and the meeting has witnessed individual nations declaring tougher action against single－use plastic bags.The UN's spokesman Sam Barratt told BBC News, “Of course we would have liked to have gone further, but this meeting's made real progress. There's now a sense of urgency and energy behind the issue that we haven't quite seen before. What is obvious, though, is that the UN can't solve this problem on its own. We need to do it in partnership with governments, businesses and even individuals.”12．What can we know about the UN resolution on plastic waste?A．Plastic waste should be banned on land too.B．Plastic waste should be recycled by business.C．The UN made exact time to stop it entering oceans.D．The UN may make stricter policies in the future.13．What can we infer from what Vidar Helgesen said?A．Business doesn't see the problem of marine litter.B．Fastest－growing marine litter is a new problem.C．Governments should force companies to act by policy.D．Most companies want to stop marine life from disappearing.14．Why did some companies pay journalists to write articles about job losses?A．To express their satisfaction with governments.B．To struggle against the strict plastic bag ban.C．To show difficulties in labour－intensive basketwork.D．To make governments stand firm against plastic bags.15．What is the best title for the text?A．The UN is committed to handling ocean plastic wasteB．The UN tries to protect the marine lifeC．We should solve the plastic waste problemD．We should ban plastic waste completely二、七选五Overcome Culture Shock in the ClassroomCulture shock occurs in a classroom when students are exposed to a new situation.16．. However, it can also happen to students moving from a small town to a large city, to home－schooled students starting formal school education or to students progressing from one level of education to another. There are several strategies that teachers can use to help students overcome culture shock.Make group rulesBrainstorm(集体讨论) group rules with the class as a whole to create a safe space and good learning environment.17．. Rules could include respecting differences, listening when someone is speaking and not teasing, for example.Provide a partnerFind a partner for the new student in the adjustment period.18．. A good partner is someone who is friendly, outgoing and patient. The partner should show the new student around the school, spend time with him or her after class and eat lunch with him or her.Know the source of a problemIdentify problems early and work with the student and his or her family to deal with them. 19．. It can also be caused by overseas or home school environment. Students and parents need to be aware of all the rules and customs that apply.20．Create lessons that include information about different countries and traditions. These could include story reading, geography, cultural studies and history. Encourage the student to share some information about himself or herself.A．Create special lessonsB．Respect other culturesC．They have lost their own language and cultureD．Explain the rules and require everyone to follow themE.A partner can help him or her quickly adapt to the new environmentF.Classroom culture shock is often caused by the very different environment of a classroomG.Typically, this happens when a new immigrant(移民) arrives in a classroom for the first time三、完形填空In a used furniture business, unlike new, you cannot order stock from a catalogue. People call in, and you have to go out and make an offer. “You can't 21 what you don't have,” my father would say.When I was aged thirteen, my father 22 his store manager, a one－armed guy who could do more with his one arm than many will do with two. With his 23 gone, my father came to me. “Will you come in while I go out to 24 the day's calls 25 I find the right person?” he asked. The store has tens of thousands of 26 . “People like to bargain,” he told me. “So I don't 27 prices. You just have to know a 28 .”He took me around and said, “A quarter－horse motor you can sell for four dollars. For a refrigerator, depending on the 29 ，you can sell for thirty－five dollars to sixty dollars. However, if it has a freezer all the way across, sell it for eighty dollars; 30 excellent condition, maybe one hundred dollars. Dishes come in with a houseful of furniture, and I don't even figure them in when I give a price. You can sell them for a nickel to a quarter. Something really nice.”Every day after 31 ，I would pedal (骑自行车) down to the store. Soon after, I was writing up a sales slip (纸条) for an attractive plate when my father walked in. I had asked a dollar and the guy did not hesitate. I was very 32 . My father glanced down at what I was doing, 33 the customer and said, “You sure got a34 today. My employee ga ve you the price and that's the price.” Afterward, I asked my father, “What was that all35 ？”It turned out that it was a(n) 36 plate, worth a few hundred dollars. I was shocked. Here I was 37 to help my father in the business and instead I was losing money for him.He said, “I could have stopped the sales if I'd wanted to. You were just writing up the slip and hadn't yet taken the money. 38 ，by civil law, you're 39 age. But, a manstands by his word and the word of his agent.” It 40 my father a small amount of money, but I learned a lifelong lesson in integrity (正直).21．A．buy B．sell C．order D．store 22．A．missed B．fired C．dismissed D．lost 23．A．manager B．boss C．servant D．salesman 24．A．ask B．return C．answer D．give 25．A．if B．when C．until D．unless 26．A．items B．materials C．facilities D．instruments 27．A．offer B．decide C．mark D．create 28．A．name B．range C．variety D．catalogue 29．A．price B．situation C．condition D．quantity 30．A．on B．for C．by D．in 31．A．school B．work C．study D．play 32．A．upset B．worried C．embarrassed D．pleased 33．A．turned on B．turned to C．turned up D．turned down 34．A．plate B．reward C．bargain D．fortune 35．A．about B．for C．around D．to 36．A．ordinary B．fragile C．antique D．delicate 37．A．willing B．waiting C．managing D．trying 38．A．However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Consequently 39．A．under B．above C．at D．of 40．A．spent B．cost C．took D．wasted四、用单词的适当形式完成句子阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2021届湖南省高一上学期英语期末试题精选汇编：应用文写作专题
2021届湖南省高一上学期英语期末试题精选汇编：应用文写作专题应用文写作专题湖南省永州市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题第一节应用文写作（满分15分）46. 假如你是李华，收到你英国朋友Tom的电子邮件，邮件中提到他想锻炼，但是没有足够的时间，也没有钱去健身俱乐部，而且还难以坚持下去；请你针对他的情况给予回信。
内容要点如下：1. 表示理解；2. 提出建议；3. 表示祝愿。
注意:1. 词数80左右;2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear TomI quite understand your situation and there are some suggestions that you might find helpful.First, remember that you don’t have to exercise for 30 minutes or a whole hour non-stop. Instead, try to do small amounts of exercise, for example, taking the stairs up instead of the lift. Second, you don’t have to pay to exercise. Many can be done outside the gym, such as running and walking. Finally, you can invite your family and friends to work out with you. In this way, you are more likely to stick with.I’m sure you’ll soon be happy to exercise.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件，针对他对于锻炼方面的问题给予回信。
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BAccording to a survey, the wasteof food on the dining table occupies 10% of the total grain output.Last week, Meituan, a giant online food ordering platform, co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help develop new eating habits for customers. Following the proposal, merchants are asked to offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to helpthem avoid excessive ordering and food waste.Catering（餐饮)associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to remove food waste. The Wuhan Catering Association proposed an “NT" ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people. More food is only brought to the table if required. On Friday, the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele. me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a "half-dish plan," encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.Tang Zhisong, a professor at Southwest University Education School, said "Evaluating how much you can eat, how much you should buy and how to deal with the leftover is a way for young people to improve their self-management. It's also a means to teach them sharing food, caring about others, and more importantly, developing a mindset of suitability. "4. What's the purpose of the proposal mentioned in the passage?A. To change customers' attitude toward life.B. To promote a new policy on food delivery.C. To spread the idea of healthy eating.D. To encourage restaurants to reduce food waste.5. What does the underlined word “excessive" in Paragraph 2 prolably mean?A. More than enough.B. Less than required.C. Better than ever.D. Worse than before.6. Paragraph 3 is mainly developed by.A. offering analysesB. presenting a surveyC. giving examplesD. making comparisons7. What do Tang's words suggest?A. Sharing food is caring about others.B. Young people should have self-discipline.C. Reducing food waste has all-round benefits.D Saving food contributes to a sustainable society.CIf you believe in thermometers (温度计), you should believe in global warming. And if you believe in eating French fries with your hamburger, you should worry more about carbonemission.It won't happen overnight, but as the planet’s climate changes, the growth cycles of main crops will all be heavily affected. Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly. “They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber, the part that we eat,” Nelson says.Temperature and altitude are two primary concerns in coffee growth, and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place. “We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range,” Nelson says. “They've been moving up the mountains, but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.” Higher-grade strains of Arabica coffee in Central American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature, especially since diseases and pests are also becoming more of a factor as temperatures rise.Even if you're looking at the direct effects of temperature alone, rice is in trouble. “As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and won't make as many seeds,” Nelson says. In addition to this direct heat consequence, rising sea levels will flood many rice paddies and destroy water salinity levels, while droughts will lower production, raise prices, and further shame westerners who are clumsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.8. What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “emission” in Paragraph 1?A. Mixture.B. Pollution.C. Giving off.D. Going down.9. What does the potatoes' development need according to Nelson?A. Cool temperature at night.B. Sudden rise of the temperature.C. Enough water and salt.D. Much sunshine and fresh air.10. The rice is difficult to flower,probably because ________.A. sea levels go up suddenlyB. many seeds can't be producedC. the temperature rises at nightD. both temperature and altitude rise11. What is the best title for the text?A. How Does Global Warming Affect WesternersB. How Does the Cool Temperature Affect RiceC. What Is the Real Reason For Crops’ GrowthD. Three Crops That Won't Survive Climate ChangesDWhy do you check social media? Is it to keep up with everything that your friends and family are doing? Is it to find new trendy spots to eat?Regardless of the reason, you may find yourself with different degrees of envy or discomfort after a quick look at your phone. Then you might be suffering from a phenomenon known as “Fear of Missing Out (FOMO). ”While the phenomenon of FOMO can be traced back for centuries, it had never been the issue as it is today, causing widespread discussion and research. This rise in checking social media is naturally connected to the increasing leading position that social media holds over our lives. Every time someone opens their WeChat Moments, Facebook, Twitter... etc. , they are bombarded with the highlight reels of other peoples' lives. A sunny beach, delicious-looking food, a super cute kitten-they are all uplifting photos, yet they're very likely to bring about more unhappiness than joy. You see, the first thought to come out of your mind may be “Wow, that's so cool/delicious/cute”, but then it takes a hard U-turn. You're thinking: “I wish I were there” or “my life is so boring compared to his/hers.” The more you see, the more likely you are to have these negative feelings.What's worse is the habit many people have of turning to social media in search of happiness when they are feeling down, not realizing that they are just going to end up in a negative cycle of endless disappointment. Montesquieu once said: “If one only wished to be happy, this could be easily accomplished; but we wish to be happier than other people, and this is always difficult, for we believe others to be happier than they are.”FOMO will go hand in hand with dissatisfaction and envy. Appreciate what you already have, becausesomeone else out there in the world would gladly give everything to be you.12. What is the purpose of the questions in paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic of the passage.B. To explain the function of FOMO.C. To describe the features of FOMO.D. To give the reasons for checking social media.13. How might people feel seeing other's perfect life through social media?A. Joyful.B. Admiring.C. Comfortable.D. Envious.14. What can we conclude from Montesquieu's words in paragraph 3?A. We could turn to social media for happiness.B. We couldn't realise our dream without hard work.C. We couldn't harvest happiness through comparison.D. We could live better than others by showing ourselves online.15. What is the author's attitude towards FOMO?A. Indifferent.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Hopeful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AF the Art World competition.Prize -The winner of each type will get the chance to display their artworks in a week-long exhibition inChelsea,New York..Eligibility - Open to artists all over the world..Entry Fee(参赛费)-$24 for a maximum of 3 submitted(提交的)photos..Date of Exhibition - From 25thApril to 2ndMay.F the Art World is an international art competition organized by which is quite unusual, compared to other competitions. The artworks are not judged on the basis of creativity and skill. Instead, they're judged by the depth of the subject matter. The subject this year is “A Competition About Change”, where artists can try and show how they'd like to change humanity in a good way.Notes*For this competition, there are three types for submissions, namely: street art, fine art, and digital art.*Each type will have a winner as chosen by the organizers and all the winners will have the wonderful chance to exhibit their works at the Unarthodox Gallery inNew Yorkin a week-long exhibition.*All the winners will also receive 100% of the sale price when any of their artworks are sold!Winners will also be displayed on the website and the entrants' artworks will also be displayed in the opening ceremony(仪式)as well.1.What is special about F the Art World Competition?AIt is free to attend.B.It lasts for over a week.C.It is open to artists inNew York.D.It centers on the depth of the artworks.2.What will the winners get?A.Prize money.B.A chance to visit an exhibition.C.A written judgement of their artworks.D.Money from the sale of their artworks.3.Where will the entrants' artworks be shown?A.In the street.B.In the opening ceremony.C.On the website.D.At the market.BA lot of us lose life’s tough battles by starting a frontal attack—when a touch of humor might well enable us to win．Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hita traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum about beinglate on the job．Although there was a good reason for Sam’s a being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer．His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech．Yes，the boss was．Sam entered the office at 9：35．The place was as quiet as a locker room；everyone was hard at work．Sam’s supervisor came up to him．Suddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand．“How do you do！” he said．“I’m Sam Maynard．I’m applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes ago．Does the early bird get the worm？”The room exploded in laughter．The supervisor“clamped off”a smile and walked back to his office．Sam Maynard had saved his job—with the only tool that could win，a laugh．Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives．It can be used for patching up differences，apologizing，saying “no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losingface．For some jobs，it’s the only tool that can succeed．It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel．For example，many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerancethan people in any other forum．4. Why was Sam late for his job？A. Because he was ill．B. Because he got up late．C. Because he was caught in a traffic jam．D. He was busy applying for a new job．5. The main idea of this passage is ________．A. Sam Maynard saved his job with humorB. humor is important in our livesC. early bird gets the wormD. humor can solve racial discriminations6. The phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 means ________．A tried to hold back B. tried to setC. chargedD. gave out7. Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage？A. Many lose life’s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor．B. It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for his work．C. Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30．D. Humor is the most effective way of solving problems．CThe prevalence of melanoma (黑素瘤) has been rapidly rising around the world for nearly a century. While some of the increase may be due to better detection, researchers also believe it’s because we’re spending more time outdoors in the sun, vacationing to warmer climates during the winter and using tanning beds. That rise is concerning, since melanoma is the most dangerous kind of skin cancer.Most of us know to cover up and apply sunscreen on hot, sunny days, but when fall arrives, we tend to drop those habits. Experts warn that’s a mistake. Though there’s less need for sun protection after summer ends, exposure to UV rays still adds up.What precautions you should take to defend against melanoma during the cooler months depends on where you are in the world. That’s because the further away you are from the equator, the more UV rays weaken in the winter. “In southern England or Canada, the daily dose of UVA on a clear summer day is 6.5 times higher than on a clear winter day,” says Professor Brian Diffey of the British Association of Dermatologists. “People in those countries typically receive only about 5% of their annual UV exposure in the winter months.”But no matter where you are, even during colder, lower risk months, it’s a mistake to put your sun-protection habits on ice. “It’s important to wear sun-screen when there is a lot of glare from the snow,” says Victoria Mar, director of the Victorian Melanoma Service at Alfred Hospital in Melbourne, Australia.Finally, you should monitor your moles(痣). “Early detection of melanoma is vital for successful treatment,” says Diffey. If it’s caught before it spreads to other parts of the body, the patient will have 99 % of chance to survive for five years. If it’s caught late, that can drop to 25%. Warning signs are a mole that’s changing size, shapeor colour, or one that’s asymmetrical — sometimes referred to as “ugly duckling” moles. If you have concerns, talk to your doctor.8. What’s the main cause of the rise ofmelanoma?A. The climate change.B. Better detection.C. More exposure to the sun.D. The increase ofskin cancer.9.What’s a mistake according to experts?A. Applying sunscreen in summer.B. Wearing sun-screen when there is snow.C. Using sunscreen during lower risk months.D. Dropping sun-protection habits in winter.10. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Prevention is better than cure.B. Health is better than wealth.C. A disease known is half cured.D. When the sun comes in, the doctor comes out.11. What is the best title of the text?A. Detect Melanoma.B. Beware Winter Rays.C. Monitor Your Moles.D. Spend Less Time Outdoors.DHave you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may causethis tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines thatcan target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In theUnited States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.12. According to the scientists, some people ________.A. are able to stay thin because of genetic factorsB. can eat what they want and stay healthy foreverC. usually keep doing exercise to lose their weightD. don’t eat anything every day but still put on weight13. Some people don’t need to worry about weight problems because ________.A. they eat many vegetablesB. they eat less than othersC. they don’t store any energy from food as fatD. they can burn off the extra food without making fat14. What can we learn from the passage?A. Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.B. People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.C. We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.D. The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.15. What does the last paragraph imply?A. Current medicine solve weight problems well.B. We should exercise regularly and eat properly.C. Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.D. Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFour Best Cities to Visit in WinterCold rains, icy sidewalks and gray skies can make winter travel a trial. But here are four cities around the world that make for a great cold-weather destination:Prague,Czech RepublicWith its snow-capped spires and winding streets,Pragueis a fairytale city that remains ly tourist-free in winter.The amazing architecture looks even prettier under a sheet of snow, with one of the most beautiful areas being the old town, with its Romanesque vaults. Gas street lamps have been placed throughout the city center, adding a romantic color1 to evenings. Cafes here are ideal for escaping the bitter cold.Salzburg,AustriaWith its Christmas songs and traditional markets, this is a perfect city for a winter break. “Silent Night” was performed for the first time in thechurchofOberndorfon the border ofSalzburgon Christmas Eve in 1818.The city's main market is held in the shadow ofSalzburg'sHohensalzburgCastle, but the one held inMirabell Squareis especially popular with food lovers who come to taste local food such as halusky—pieces of dumpling mixed with fried bacon.Tromso,NorwayTromso is widely regarded asNorway's most beautiful city and is a base for spoiling the northern lights. There are several attractive museums, including thePolarMuseum, which offers an insight into the history of Arctic expeditions, and theTromsoMuseum, which is famous for its Sami exhibitions.Amsterdam,NetherlandsIn winter,Amsterdam' s museums are much less crowded, making it the time to visit attractions such as Rijksmuseum or the Anne Frank House. Built originally to house a circus, the Royal Carre Theater is more than 130 years old. Children will love the spectacular performances.1. What can you do inPrague?A. Enjoy the fascinating architecture.B. Taste local food halusky.C. Appreciate Sami exhibitions.D. Watch a circus performance.2. Where was “Silent Night” first performed?A. In thechurchofOberndorf.B. InHohensalzburgCastle.C. InMirabell Square.D. In the Polar Museum.3. Which city will you choose if you want to see the northern lights?A. Prague.B. Salzburg.C. Tromso.D.Amsterdam.BWhen I was a child, I attained high grades in my academic study. However, I was physically uncoordinated because I was running too slowly. But for future college application, sport was a must. So I took up fencing (击剑) because I thought it required more strategy than athletic ability.Then I joined the school’s fencing team. My movements were clumsy compared to the seniors. One afternoon after a whole lesson’s failure, tears of frustration welled up in my eyes. One of my teammates approached me, “Could you tell me where your blade (剑) hit me?” She asked. I pointed to her right shoulder. She nodded and patted my stomach, “That’s where I hit you.” She had begun to walk away when I blurted out, “Want to practice together? Again?”We practiced until we both felt more confident. But it wasn’t just the two of us. All these girls were entirely willing to share their knowledge with everyone, helping each other to grow.That afternoon, I watched a senior fencer execute a flawless attack admiringly. Something inside me suddenly bloomed. I realized later that it was love for both fencing and the fencing team.During the city championship, I was selected to fence. My opponent was the best fencer on her school’s team. “Ready, fence.” The match began. Suddenly, my opponent’s blade hit me. The score was 1-0.At the moment I could hear my teammates shouting, “Keep distance!” And the team captain’s voice was clear and commanding, “Parry, then disengage!”Fencing, unlike academics, wasn’t something I could succeed in by myself—even during an individual match, my teammates were still giving me advice. Unathletic as I was, I was proud to be an athlete and a teammate.I saw my blade tip bury itself into my opponent’s shoulder and the judge signaling that it was my point. I could taste the sweat on my lips, which were breaking out into a smile.4. Why did the author start to learn fencing?A. Because she needed to train her coordination.B. Because she thought it would be easier for her.C. Because she could not succeed in any other sport.D. Because she wanted to enter the school fencing team.5. How did the girls improve their fencing skills?A. By observing flawless attacks.B. By practicing on their own.C. By offering guidance to each other.D. By competing with other teams.6. What distinguishes fencing from academics according to the author?A. Strong determination.B. Hard work.C. Athletic strategy.D. Team support.7. How did the author feel when she got her point?A. Unbeatable and respectful.B. Sweaty and ashamed.C. Energetic and secure.D. Proud and thankful.CBertha von Suttner received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905—she was the first woman to receive it, and also the inspiration for the creation of the Nobel Prize.She met Alfred Nobel, a rich millionaire, by answering hisnewspaper ad for a secretary. Although she only worked for him for a few weeks, she remained good friends with Alfred Nobel for the next 20 years. When she became involved in the peace movement inEurope, she promised to keep Nobel informed of its progress. When Alfred Nobel died in 1896, his will included the establishment of a peace prize, thanks to Bertha von Suttner’s influence.Bertha von Suttner was born in an aristocratic (贵族) military family, but she spent the second half of her life working for peace. She wrote books, attended peace conferences, gave lectures and helped organize peace societies inAustria,GermanyandHungary, as well as the International Peace Bureau inSwitzerland. Her novel Lay Down your Arms, was one of the most influential anti-war books of all time, and helped to make her a leader of the peace movement in Europe. Its end to war theme was both the ambition (抱负) and the most important goal in the life of this great woman.Bertha von Suttner worked so hard for peace because she believed that a terrible war would break out inEuropeif nations didn’t work hard to establish lasting peace institutions. She made many major achievements for a more peaceful world, but two months after she died, World War I broke out. A hundred years after she won the Nobel Peace Prize, nations still seem to view war as a choice to work out their problems. But like Bertha von Suttner did, many today are working hard around the world to help strengthen peace institutions and spread theidea that it’s time to put an end to war.8. Which of the following is true about Bertha von Suttner?A. She worked for Alfred Nobel for 20 years.B. She helped Alfred Nobel draw up his will.C. She persuaded Alfred Nobel to join the peace movement.D. She inspired Alfred Nobel to establish the Nobel Peace Prize.9. Paragraph 3 is mainly about Bertha von Suttner’s _____________.A. efforts and contributions to the peace movement.B. family background and work experiences.C. writing career and life experiences.D. ambition and goals in life.10. What do we know aboutLay Doun Your Arms?A. It was based on a true story.B. It recorded Bertha von Suttner’s daily life.C. It was about an aristocratic military family.D. It showed Bertha von Suttner’s wish for peace.11. What can we infer about Bertha von Suttner from the last paragraph?A. Her fight for peace is still shared by many.B. She failed to found peace institutions.C. She successfully predicted awar.D. She lost her life in World War I.DLast year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example ofthe “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.12. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.13. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.14. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic characteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population15. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferent第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年湖南师范大学附属中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AProvincetown, Cape Cod RestaurantsAfter a day on the sands or exploring our charming town, enjoy local eats, from fresh seafood and lobster to authentic Italian. You’ll find many wonderful Provincetown, Cape Cod restaurants and cafes just steps away. Fanizzi’s RestaurantRight next door to our hotel, this award-winning local eatery is one of the finest Cape Cod restaurants. The menu highlights seafood, Italian, steaks, burgers, and fresh salads. Enjoy the Friday Fish Fry, Early Bird Specials, and Sunday Brunch, available from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. all year long.539 Commercial Street 508-487-1964Napi’s RestaurantNapi’s serves dinner all year round and lunch from April to October. A cozy place located just off Commercial Street and overflowing with local art, this Cape Cod, Massachusetts classic specializes in everything from freshly caught seafood to Portuguese and Brazilian dishes to vegetarian items.7 Freeman Street 800-571-6274Mews RestaurantEnjoy views of Provincetown Harbor at this waterfront restaurant just steps from Surfside Hotel & Suites. Intercontinental dishes are served in the beach-level dining room, while upstairs you’ll find a casual American bistro. Summer months bring on a brunch menu, and dinner is served year-round.429 Commercial Street 508-487-1500The Red InnA favorite among our guests, The Red Inn is located on Provincetown’s picturesque waterfront which provides diners with the most gorgeous harbor views and spectacular sunsets. The Red Inn provides historic old world charm with new world pleasure. Their menu features the finest local seafood.15 Commercial Street 508-487-73341.Which restaurant offers a special breakfast for early risers?A.Fanizzi’s Restaurant.B.Napi’s Restaurant.C.Mews Restaurant.D.The Red Inn.2.What is special about The Red Inn?A.It exhibits the good local art.B.It is the finest local restaurant.C.It offers the best local seafood.D.It serves brunch all year round.3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Accommodation.B.Life styles.C.Sightseeing.D.Dining.BBrown cows may not actually make chocolate milk, but pink silkworms（蚕）do produce pink silk, a team of scientists has discovered. To see if they could produce pre-dyed silk-silk that comes color1 ed, straight from the source-the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry（桑树）leaves that had been sprayed（喷洒）with fabric（织物）dyes（染色剂）. Out of seven tested dyes, only one worked, producing a thread that reminded me of pink-dyed hair.And yes, the worms themselves take on some color1 before they produce silk. Their color1 ful diets did not affect their growth, the team, which included engineers and biologists from the CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory in India, reports in the journalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. (The researchers didn't look too deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms' health. After all, silkworms die when people harvest their silk.)The team made dyeing silk this way because color1 ing fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water. The water gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process, requiring costly treatment before factories can send it back into waterways. Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworms would avoid those water-washing steps. Scientists are just starting to study this idea. However, it remains to be seen if it's commercially successful. In this experiment, the Indian team tested seven dyes, which are cheap and popular in the industry.The scientists found different dyes moved through silkworms' bodies differently. Some never made it into the worms' silk at all. Others color1 ed the worms and their silk but the color1 disappears before the silk is turned into fabric. Only one dye, named "direct acid fast red", showed up in the final, washed silk threads. By the time it made it there, it was a pleasant, light pink.4. The text is most probably a(n) ________.A. science reportB. tourist guideC. animal experimentD. fashion advertisement5. Silkworms can produce pink silk because ________.A. they are born pinkB. they are dyed pinkC. they grow in pink waterD. they are fed dyed food6. Where is the experiment carried out?A. In America.B. In India.C. In Israel.D. In China.7. How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment?A. One.B. Three.C. Five.D. Seven.CTo hear people talk about Internet friendships, you would think it was one giant web of cat-fishing and e-crime. While we all undoubtedly have to take measures to remain safe online, assuming every friendship or connection made on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook is cheating or insincere would be a mistake.As a woman who works in the creative industry, I have found real joy in seeking out a community I couldn’t find elsewhere, and making some great friends along the way. My first online friendship was on Twitter with my(now) best friend, during the university exam period. We exchanged study notes in dozens of direct messages, set a study date, and haven’t looked back since.Drawn to each other by similar circumstances, friendships online are similar to offline in that they tend to begin because of shared interest or common ground-maybe they’ve read the post on Instagram. Maybe they have the same taste in food or politics. Or maybe they just love memes too. If online friendships start similar to friendships offline, they grow in the same way, too. Often through mutual support: apart from calling a friend to congratulate him on that new job, you also re-tweet his jokes and praise his Instagram story.Despite my positive experiences when I tell people, most are still suspicious. Eyebrows are raised higher when I explain not only have I found a community online but have made friendships with people I meet face-to-face too. Actually, these are just as valid as other friendships, according to behavioural psychologist Jo Hemmings, who says online friendships can be real.So how do you know if people are there for the real you or just because you’re popular on Instagram? Hemmings has simple rules. She tells me “You have to equally feel comfortable that you’re getting something of each other instead of being used to enable something that isn’t friendship.”Therefore, if all a “friend” online is asking you to do is to promote their work or personal brand and rarely takes an interest in you, then there may be room to question the basis of the friendship. On that note it is worth remembering that just because someone has a lot of followers, it doesn’t necessarily mean they have lots offriends.8. What is most people’s attitude towards online friendship?A. Negative.B. Positive.C. Objective.D. Neutral.9. Why does the writer share her own experience in paragraph 2?A. To introduce the background information of the text.B. To convey the writer’s attitude and give the related example.C. To prove the likely risk for people to develop friendship online.D. To remind people of the various benefits of making friends online.10. How can online and offline friendships be deepened?A. They should be based on shared interest.B. They need to have common ground.C. They require support from each other.D. They can’t live without social media.11. According to the author, what’s the golden rule to make friends online?A. A friend to all is a friend to none.B. Without confidence there is no friendship.C. A friend without faults will never be found.D. Friendship cannot stand always on one side.DWhy isn’t science better? Look at career incentive(激励).There are oftensubstantial gaps between the idealized and actual versions of those people whose work involves providing a social good. Government officials are supposed to work for their constituents. Journalists are supposed to provide unbiased reporting and penetrating analysis. And scientists are supposed to relentlessly probe the fabric of reality with the most rigorous and skeptical of methods.All too often, however, what should be just isn’t so. In a number of scientific fields, published findings turn out not toreplicate(复制), or to have smaller effects than, what was initially claimed. Plenty of science does replicate — meaning the experiments turn out the same way when you repeat them -but the amount thatdoesn’t is too much for comfort.But there are also waysin which scientists increase their chances of getting it wrong. Running studies with small samples, mining data for correlations and forming hypotheses to fit an experiment’s results after the fact are just some of the ways to increase the number of false discoveries.It’s not like we don't know how to do better. Scientists who study scientific methods have known about feasible remedies for decades. Unfortunately, their advice often falls ondeaf ears.Why? Why aren't scientific methods better than they are? In a word: incentives. But perhaps not in the way you think.In the 1970s, psychologists and economists began to point out the danger in relying on quantitative measures for social decision-making. For example, when public schools are evaluated by students’ performance on standardized tests, teachers respond by teaching “to the test”. In turn, the test serves largely as of how well the school can prepare students for the test.We can see this principle—often summarized as “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure”—playing out in the realm of research. Science is a competitive enterprise. There are far more credentialed (授以证书的) scholars and researchers than there are university professorships or comparably prestigious research positions. Once someone acquires a research position, there is additional competition for tenure grant funding, and support and placement for graduate students. Due to this competition for resources, scientists must be evaluated and compared. How do you tell if someone is a good scientist?An oft-used metric is the number of publications one has in peer-reviewed journals, as well as the status of those journals. Metrics like these make it straightforward to compare researchers whose work may otherwise be quite different. Unfortunately, this also makes these numbers susceptible to exploitation.If scientists are motivated to publish often and in high-impact journals, we might expect them to actively try to game the system. And certainly, some do—as seen in recent high-profile cases of scientific fraud(欺诈). If malicious fraud is the prime concern, then perhaps the solution is simply heightened alertness.However, most scientists are, I believe, genuinely interested in learning about the world, and honest. The problem with incentives is that they can shape cultural norms without any intention on the part of individuals.12. Which of the following is TRUE about the general trend in scientific field?A. Scientists are persistently devoted to exploration of reality.B. The research findings fail to achieve the expected effect.C. Hypotheses are modified to highlight the experiments' results.D. The amount of science that does replicate is comforting.13. What doesdeaf earsin the fourth paragraph probably refer to?A. The public.B. The incentive initiators.C. The peer researchers.D. The high-impact journal editors.14. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Good scientists excel in seeking resources and securing research positions.B. Competition for resources inspires researchers to work in a more skeptical way.C. All the credentialed scholars and researchers will not take up university professorships.D. The number of publication reveals how scientists are bitterly exploited.15. According to the author, what might be a remedy for the fundamental problem in scientific research?A. High-impact journals are encouraged to reform the incentives for publication.B. The peer-review process is supposed to scale up inspection of scientific fraud.C. Researchers are motivated to get actively involved in gaming the current system.D. Career incentives for scientists are expected to consider their personal intention.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
湖南师大附中2020—2021学年度高一第一学期期末考试英语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Good friends.B. Fellow workers.C. Salesman and customer.2. Why did the woman catch a cold according to the man?A. She wore too little clothing.B. She had a cold bath.C. She slept in a cold room.3. When did the man move to London?A. In his twenties.B. In his thirties.C. In his forties.4 Whose computer does the man think is the best?A. The woman’s.B. Peter’s.C. Tom’s.5. How often does the restaurant offer its dinner specials?A. Twice a day.B. Twice a week.C. Twice a month.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of room does the man want?A. A single room.B. A double room.C. Two single rooms.7. How long will the man stay?A. For three nights.B. For two nights.C. For one night. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An earthquake.B. A storm.C. A tree.9. What happened before the man fell asleep?A. He heard noises of birds.B. He felt a shake of the house.C. He saw a tree fall down.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How does the man find the woman's room?A. Dark.B. Comfortable.C. Messy.11. What color does the woman want to paint her room at first?A. Yellow.B. White.C. Green.12. What will the woman probably do on Saturday?A. Paint her room.B. Change her desk.C. Buy a mirror. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Which film are the speakers going to see?A. Field of Green.B. Sunn1y Day.C. Heart of Gold.14. How will the speakers go to the cinema?A. By car.B. By bus.C. On foot.15. When will the speakers arrive at the cinema?A At about 3:45. B. At about 4:05. C. At about 4:20.16. Why does the woman plan to take more money?A. She wants to buy a drink.B. She'd like to buy the man a ticket.C. She can take a taxi home afterwards.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How did the couple order their meal?A. By speaking English.B. By using body language.C. By speaking slow and poor Chinese.18. Why did the couple call the waiter back?A. To change their order.B. To ask him to walk their dog.C. To order some food for their dog.19. How might the couple probably feel in the end?A. Angry.B. Satisfied.C. Tired.20. What do we know about the waiter?A. He lost the couple's dog.B. He misunderstood the couple.C. He only knew a little French.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AThe COVID-19 pandemic led to a great number of rescheduling release dates（上映日期）.Despite how the reality of the calendar develops，these are some films we're crossing our fingers that well get to see this next year.Malcolm & MarieRelease date: February 5Director: Sam LevinsonA director and his girlfriend's relationship is tested after they return home from his movie premiere（首映）and await critics' responses. he romantic drama is directed by Sam Levinson.Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten RingsRelease date: July 9Director: Destin Daniel CrettonIt's about time for the Marvel Cinematic Universe（漫威电影宇宙）to have its first Asian superhero on the silver screen. And there are few better heroes to pick than Shang-Chi, the Master of Kung Fu, who has the knowledge of nearly every martial art. This upcoming film will feature a 98% Asian cast.West Side StoryRelease date: December 10Director: Steven SpielbergSteven Spielberg's new adaptation of the famous Broadway musical of the same name, which itself was based on Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, is finally seeing the light of day in late 2021.The Matrix 4Release date: December 22Director: Lana WachowskiLana Wachowski is set to bring us another sci-fi action-adventure set in the digital world she helped create way back in 1999.1. What type of film is Malcolm & Marie?A. Comedy.B. Fantasy.C. Romance.D. Sci-fi.2. What do we know about Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings?A. It is Marvel Studio's upcoming superhero film.B. It stars Destin Daniel Cretton.C. Its hero knows everything about martial art.D. It is a film with an all-Asian cast.3. Which of the following film is adapted from a musical?A. Malcolm & Marie.B. Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings.C. West Side Story.D. The Matrix 4.BI was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard he r screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through phone.All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watc hing, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned th e key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.4. How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes.B. By describing a process.C. By showing differences.D. By following time order.5. What made Kate angry one evening?A. She couldn’t find her books.B. She heard the author shouting loud.C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.D. She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed.6. The author tidied up the room most probably because _______.A. she wanted to show her careB. she was asked by Kate to do soC. she was scared by Kate’s angerD. she hated herself for being so messy7. What might be the best title for the story?A. My Friend KateB. Hard Work Pays OffC. How to Be OrganizedD. Learning to Be RoommatesCSleep StruggleOne in every five young people has a sleep problem, so you're not alone. Getting enough sleep has become as important as eating vegetables and exercising regularly. It's very important for your body.Most young people only get seven hours of sleep each night, when they actually need nine hours. And making up for lost sleep during the week by sleeping on weekends doesn't really work. In fact, sleeping late on weekends may actually do you more harm than good, if you have sleep problems.What happens if you don't get enough sleep? If your sleep problem continues for a few nights, you could suffer serious problems. Lack of sleep can affect learning and memory. Worse，if your sleep difficulties last a long time，that could lead to anxiety（焦虑）. Therefore，you've got to have some healthy sleep habits. Below are some suggestions:* Go to bed at the same time—including weekends, if possible.* Wake up around the same time every morning. When you sleep late just one morning during the week, it may disturb your body clock. This will make it hard for you to sleep that night.* Do something relaxing before going to bed.* Exercise during the day. Don't exercise right before going to bed.* Avoid drinking. Alcohol（酒精）makes you excited. This prevents you from falling asleep or wakes you up during the night.* Don't smoke. Smoking is always bad for the body. Smoking before bedtime keeps you awake.If trying these tips over a couple of weeks does not help you, consult your doctor. Do not take any medicine without first asking your doctor. Many of them have strong side effects.8. The passage suggests that people with sleep problems should .A. eat vegetables and exercise regularlyB. make up for lost sleep on weekendsC. follow a fixed timetable for sleepD. sleep seven hours every day9. According to the suggestions, which of the following makes it easier for you to fall asleep?A. Getting up earlier than usual in the morning.B. Listening to soft music before going to bed.C. Drinking alcohol before going to bedD. Doing exercise in the evening.10. What should you do if these tips don't work on you over a period of time?A. Just keep trying.B. Turn to a doctor for help.C. Try some medicines.D. Wait for your sleeping problems to get better.11. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A novel.C. A travel guide.D. A magazine.DPart of a research study, by scientists at McMaster University, which is ongoing into the influence of drinking milk after heavy weightlifting, has observed that milk helps exercisers burn more fat.The scientists took three groups of young men 18 to 30 years of age, 56 in total, and put them through a strict, five day per week weightlifting program over a 12-week period. Following their workouts, study participants drank either two cups of skim milk, or a soy beverage with equal amounts of protein and energy, or a carbohydrate beverage with an equal amount of energy.Upon the study's conclusion, scientists observed that: the milk drinking group had lost nearly twice as much fat—two pounds—as those in the carbohydrate beverage group, who lost one pound of fat. Those drinking soy beverages lost no fat. At the same time, the gain in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or carbohydrate beverage participants.As published in the first stage of the study, the milk drinking group came out on top in terms of muscle gain with an estimated 40 percent or 2.5 pounds more muscle mass than the soy beverage drinkers. In addition, this group gained 63 percent or 3.3 pounds more muscle mass than the carbohydrate beverage drinkers."I think the evidence is beginning to increase," says Stuart Phillips—the leader of the study. "Milk may be best known for its calcium content in supporting bone health, but our research, and later others', can continually support milk's ability to aid in muscle growth and also promote body fat loss. Milk is the ideal post workout drink for recreational exercisers and athletes alike."12. How many days did the participants lift weights in the program?A. 56 days.B. 84 days.C. 60 days.D. 12 days.13. What does the underlined word "beverage" probably mean?A. A kind of medicine.B. A sort of drink.C. A type of exercise.D. A piece of equipment.14. According to the passage, we can know thatA. the scientists chose people aged 18, 30 and 56 as participants of the researchB. a soy beverage is a proper choice for losing weight over the long termC. people who drink milk every day are always healthier and thinner than othersD. soy beverages are better than carbohydrate beverages for exercisers to gain muscle15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. What exercisers should do to lose weight.B. How milk influences people's health and figure.C. The differences between milk and soy or carbohydrate beverages.D. A research about the effect of drinking milk on exercisers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。