考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
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考研英语历年真题阅读长难句句精析
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考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
1.While warningsare often appropriate and necessary —the dan gers of drug interactions,for example—and many are requiredby state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actuallyprotectthe manufacturersand sellers fromliabilityif a customer isinjured.
【译文】尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的,然而(我们)并不清楚,如果顾客受到伤害时,这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中,it isn'tclear that theyactuallyprotect the manufacturersand sellers from liability if a customer is injured是主句。主句用了一个形式主语it,真正的主语是that引导的从句,而that从句之后是一个if 引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成,中间用and连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明warnings的内容。注意:manyarerequiredby state orfederal regulations中的many是指many warnings。
2.Additional social stresses may also occur becauseofthe population explosion orproblems arisingfrom massmigration movement s—themselves made relativelyeasy nowadays bymodern means of tr ansport.
【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
【分析】句子主干结构是Additional social stressesmay also occurbecau seof...简单句+ because of表示的原因状语,整句翻译应该根据先原因后结果的原则,将主句放在最后;because of后面有两个宾语the population explosion orproblems;名词problems带有现在分词短语作后置定语arising from mass migrationmo vements; themselves指前面的名词短语mass migration movements,后面的过去分词短语是themselves的定语。
3. Thereexists a social andculturaldisconnect betweenjournalistsand their readers,whichhelps explain whythe “standard templa tes” ofthenewsroom seem aliento many readers.
【译文】新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节,这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”似乎与许多读者的意趣相差甚远。
【分析】主句也是一个there加系动词的用法。而表语后都有一个定语从句。本句的定语从句是which helps explain whythe “standard templates”of the newsro om seem alien to manyreaders。Alien本义为异国的,此处是相差甚远,背道而驰。如果考生不了解standard templates的意思,可以从上下文中找其相同作用和功能的词组,如上句中的a storyline和backbone,那么就应该知道它们指的都是记者们在写新闻和评论时固定的套路和思维。
4. This phenomenon has created serious concerns overthe roleofsmaller economicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenand over theultimate stability of theworld economy.
【译文】这种现象引起了人们对小型经济实体、民族商人的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定性的极大关注。
【分析】全句的主干是Thisphenomenon has created serious concerns。人们的担忧实际包含两个方面(即句子的两个状语):一个是therole(of smaller economic firms, ofnational businessmen) ,另一个是the ultimatestability (oftheworldeconomy)。但是由于两个状语太长,建议在翻译时调整一下句子的结构,这样句子肯定更通畅些。
5. Certainly people do not seemlessinterestedin success and its signsnow than formerly. Summer homes,European travel,BMWs—the locations,placenamesandnamebrandsmay change,but such itemsdo not seemless in demand today than a decadeor two yearsago.
【译文】当然,人们现在对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎并未比从前减弱。避暑别墅、欧洲旅行、宝马车——它们的位置、地名和商标可能会改变,但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并未比一二十年前减少。
【分析】此处出现了两个比较级,less interestedin success andits signs now thanformerly和less indemand todaythana decade ortwo years ago。另外要特别注意句中的双重否定:一是donot seemless interestedin success anditssignsnow than formerly,一是do not seemless in demand today thanadecade ortwoyears ago。
6.Instead,we are treatedtofine hypocritical spectacles, whichnowmorethan ever seeminample supply: the criticof American materialismwith aSouthampton summer home; thepublisher ofradical book swho takeshis meals in three starrestaurants;the journalist advocatin gparticipatorydemocracy inall phasesof life,whoseown children are enroll edin private schools.
【译文】相反,我们目睹了比以前任何时候都多的虚伪景观:美国物欲主义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢避暑别墅,激进图书的出版商在三星级餐馆就餐,倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者把自己的子女送进私立学校。
【分析】本句的主句是weare treated tofine hypocriticalspecta cles。非限定性的定语从句(which now morethanever seem in ample supply) 修饰spectacles。冒号后面的成分是三个并列的名词性短语,其核心词分别是cr itic,publisher和journalist。spectacles在文中意为“壮观景象”,有一定的反讽意味。
7.This does not mean that ambitionis at an end,thatpeople no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,but onlythat,nolonger openlyhonored,it isless openly professed.
【译文】这并不意味着抱负已经穷途末路,人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了;而只是说明人们不再公开地以它为荣,更不愿公开地坦承了。
【分析】这是一个简单句,主干是this does notmean,后面接了三个并列的that 从句作mean的宾语。在第三个宾语从句中,it指代ambition,no longer openly honor ed是插入语,作该从句的状语。that peopleno longer feel its stirrings and promptings意思是that peopleare nolonger stirredand promptedby ambition。
8.The attacks onambition aremany and comefrom various angle s;its publicdefenders are fewand unimpressive, where they are notextremely unattractive.