中考英语动词时态一般过去时复习学案外研版.doc

2019-2020 年中考英语动词时态——一般过去时复习学案外研版概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night,
month⋯), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long
ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本结构：① be 动词；②行为动词
否定形式：① was/were+not;
②在行为动词前加didn't ，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was 或 were 放于句首；
②用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

动词过去式的规则变化：
构成规则动词原形动词过去式
一般在动词原形末尾加 -ed ，look looked
( 在清辅音后读∕ t ∕；在浊play played
辅音和元音后读∕ d∕；在work worked
∕t ∕ , ∕ d∕后读∕ id ∕。

结尾是 e 的动词在末尾加 -d like liked
live lived
hope hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重plan planned
读闭音节，先双写这个辅音stop stopped
字母，再加 -ed drop dropped
结尾是“辅音字母＋ y”的动study studied
词，先变“ y”为“ I ”再加worry worried
-ed cry cried
不规则中寻 " 规则 "
英语中很多动词的过去式是不规则的，有些同学死记硬背，却效果不佳。

我们不妨共同寻找
一些不规则动词中的“规则” ，这样记忆起来就会事半功倍了。

1.过去式与动词原形同形。

let — let, put—put, hit—hit, read—read[red]等。

2.动词原形以 ow／ aw 结尾，过去式常变为 ew。

know— knew, grow —grew, throw — threw, draw — drew 等。

但
是也有一些例外，例如： show— showed。

3. 许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母i 改为 a，就可变为过去式。

begin — began, give — gave, sing — sang, swim — swam, sit — sat,
drink — drank, ring — rang
但是 win — won 例外。

4．有些动词的过去式以
— brought, buy bring
o(a)ught结尾。

— bought, think —thought, catch —caught, teach —taught
[ 注意 ] 上述动词过去式究竟是以 a 则 o”即可。

即 : 原形中有
ought 还是 aught 结尾，只要记住“有 a 则
a 的，过去式变为aught ，否则为ought 。

a，无
5．以eep 结尾的动词，常将eep 改为ept 构成过去式。

keep— kept, sleep —slept, sweep — swept
一般过去时的用法
1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。

常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, the other day, in 1982
要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。

Where did you go just now?
After a few years, she started to play the piano.
等连用。

在一般过去式中，
2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。

常与often,always 等表示频度的副词连用。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
3）表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。

The students got up early in the morning, did morning exercises and then read English al oud in the o pen air.
4）有些发生时间不是很清楚的情况，实际是过去发生的，也应用过去时态。

How nice to see you here! I thought you were out.
另外，还可用过去时表示委婉的语气。

e.g. Could you lend me your pen?
练习：
1.—Did your brother go to America last year?—_____ ________
A. No , he did never go there
B. No , he has never gone here
C. No , he never wa s there
D. No , he s never been there
2. --I ’m sorry you have missed the bus. It_________ five minutes ago.
-- What a pity!
A. was leaving
B. has left
C. left
D. leaves
3. --Mr. Johnson, we have found your watch.
--My watch！Thank you. Where____it?
A. do you find
B. have you found
C. did you find
D. were you finding
4. Last week John _________his leg.
A. felt and bro ken
B. fell and broke
C. feels and breaks
D. fallen and broken
5. Jack_________ his thick coa t because it was snowing.
A. puts on
B. put on
C. takes on
D. took on
6.— I have finished my homework.
— When ___ you___ it ?
A. have; finished
B. do; finish
C. did; finish
D. will; finish。