法律英语翻译[1]

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法律英语翻译(2)

法律英语翻译技巧（二）法学语言与法学语言翻译例1：The law holds that the individual is responsible for his acts. The law also indicates what is good and right, and what may and should be done. It also indicates what is evil and wrong, and should not and may not be done. The law further holds that what is evil and wrong is a crime and may not be done, and if done, renders the doer liable to punishment. The law also recognizes the principle that man has free will and that, with certain exceptions, he exercises free will in commission of any crime that he may commit.译文1：法律认为公民应对自己的行为负责。

法律还规定什么是美好的和正确的，规范了哪些事是允许做或应该做的。

同样，法律规范了什么是邪恶的和错误的。

法律还进一步明确规定哪些邪恶的错误的事是不能做的犯罪行为看，如果某人做了这样的事，那么该行为就要受到惩罚。

同样，法律还承认这样一个原则，每个公民除犯罪自由外都具有自由意志，如果某人在各种违法活动中实施其自由意志，那么他就可能触犯法律。

译文2：法律规定人人应对自己的行为承担责任，分清善良和正义，规范了人们的行为准则；法律还认为，作孽枉法即是犯罪，法不可恕，谁要以身试法，必将受到严惩。

法律所主张的原则是：人人享有自由意志的权利；同时也认为，除特殊情况外，人们的自由往往表现在因泛滥自由意志而受到惩罚的行为上。

法律英语翻译

Legal English (revised version for the students)Ch.1 The Main Features of Legal English一、法律英语的英译：David Mellinkoff（加州大学洛杉矶分校法学院教授）：《The Language of the Law》19631.legal English---Lawful EnglishLegal parlance（说法、用语）/legal lingo（行话、隐语）/legal jargon（行话、黑话）/legalese( 法律八股文)/language of jurisprudence(法理语言)2. the English Language of the Law or shortened as “the language of the law”3. 法律英语与法学英语二、法律英语的范围：是否凡是涉及法律的英语（词汇、表达方法、句子结构……）都是法律英语？英美法学界所公认的法律英语主要是指普通法国家（common-law countries）的法律人所用的习惯语言（customary language），包括某些词汇、短语，或具有特色的一些表达方法(mode of expressions)。

三、法律英语的主要特点：I. precise or exact (准确)正常情况下，起草法律文件时，用词造句务必十分精准（with great exactness），因为一旦笔者的思想、观点、企图落实成文字，即成为法庭判断是非的重要依据，因为按严格解释原则(principle of strict construction)或唯名论原则(principle of nominalism)，尽管实践中还存在推测意图原则(principle of presumed intent)，但其不占主导地位，书面文字仍然是法官解释法律文件的唯一依据。

法律英语词汇大全

法律英语词汇大全在法律领域，理解和掌握法律英语词汇是非常重要的。

本文将为您提供一个全面的法律英语词汇大全，以帮助您更好地理解和应用法律英语。

一、法律系统与机构1. Legal system - 法律体系2. Judiciary - 司法机关3. Court - 法院4. Judge - 法官5. Lawyer/attorney - 律师/律师6. Prosecutor - 检察官7. Plaintiff - 原告8. Defendant - 被告9. Jury - 陪审团10. Witness - 证人二、合同法1. Contract - 合同2. Offer - 供应3. Acceptance - 接受4. Consideration - 对价5. Mutual assent - 相互同意6. Breach of contract - 违约7. Performance - 履行8. Termination - 终止9. Damages - 损害赔偿三、刑法1. Crime - 犯罪2. Offense - 违反3. Felony - 重罪4. Misdemeanor - 轻罪5. Homicide - 杀人罪6. Robbery - 抢劫罪7. Theft - 盗窃罪8. Assault - 袭击罪9. Burglary - 入室盗窃罪10. Arson - 纵火罪四、知识产权1. Intellectual property - 知识产权2. Patent - 专利3. Trademark - 商标4. Copyright - 版权5. Infringement - 侵权6. Royalties - 版权使用费五、公司法1. Corporation - 公司2. Shareholder - 股东3. Board of directors - 董事会4. Corporate governance - 公司治理5. Merger - 合并6. Acquisition - 收购7. IPO (Initial Public Offering) - 首次公开发行六、国际法1. International law - 国际法2. Treaty - 条约3. Diplomacy - 外交4. Sovereignty - 主权5. Human rights - 人权6. United Nations - 联合国7. World Trade Organization - 世界贸易组织七、家庭法1. Family law - 家庭法2. Divorce - 离婚3. Child custody - 子女抚养权4. Alimony - 赡养费5. Prenuptial agreement - 婚前协议6. Domestic violence - 家庭暴力八、地产法1. Property law - 房地产法2. Real estate - 房地产3. Landlord - 房东4. Tenant - 租户5. Lease agreement - 租赁协议6. Eviction - 驱逐九、金融法1. Financial law - 金融法2. Banking - 银行业3. Insurance - 保险4. Securities - 证券5. Insider trading - 内幕交易6. Money laundering - 洗钱十、法律程序1. Legal procedure - 法律程序2. Jurisdiction - 司法管辖权3. Due process - 正当程序4. Statute of limitations - 诉讼时效5. Appeal - 上诉6. Habeas corpus - 人身保护令总结：本文提供了一个全面的法律英语词汇大全，包含了法律体系与机构、合同法、刑法、知识产权、公司法、国际法、家庭法、地产法、金融法以及法律程序等方面的常用词汇。

提高阅读能力法律英语词汇大全

提高阅读能力法律英语词汇大全在学习法律英语时，积累并熟练掌握相关的法律英语词汇是提高阅读能力的关键。

下面将为大家提供一份法律英语词汇大全，帮助大家在法律英语阅读中更加游刃有余。

一、常见法律英语词汇1. Law: 法律2. Legal: 合法的3. Act: 法案4. Statute: 法规5. Regulation: 规章6. Code: 法典7. Constitution: 宪法8. Court: 法院9. Judge: 法官10. Attorney: 律师11. Plaintiff: 原告12. Defendant: 被告13. Trial: 审判14. Appeal: 上诉15. Evidence: 证据16. Witness: 证人17. Verdict: 判决18. Sentence: 判决19. Crime: 犯罪20. Guilty: 有罪21. Innocent: 无罪22. Jury: 陪审团23. Bail: 保释24. Arrest: 逮捕25. Sentence: 判决26. Plaintiff: 原告27. Defendant: 被告28. Tort: 侵权行为29. Contract: 合同30. Agreement: 协议二、合同法律英语词汇1. Offer: 出价2. Acceptance: 接受3. Consideration: 酬劳4. Capacity: 能力5. Legality: 合法性6. Breach: 违约7. Termination: 终止8. Damages: 赔偿9. Indemnification: 补偿10. Non-disclosure: 保密11. Force majeure: 不可抗力12. Arbitration: 仲裁13. Governing Law: 管辖法律14. Counteroffer: 还盘15. Execution: 履行三、刑事法律英语词汇1. Murder: 谋杀2. Manslaughter: 杀人未遂3. Robbery: 抢劫4. Burglary: 入室盗窃5. Theft: 盗窃6. Fraud: 欺诈7. Kidnapping: 绑架8. Assault: 袭击9. Battery: 伤害10. Arson: 纵火11. Embezzlement: 挪用公款12. Forgery: 伪造13. Bribery: 贿赂14. Drug trafficking: 贩毒15. Money laundering: 洗钱四、民事法律英语词汇1. Breach of contract: 违约3. Negligence: 过失4. Defamation: 诽谤5. Libel: 诽谤（书面）6. Slander: 诽谤（口头）7. Damages: 赔偿8. Injunction: 禁令9. Unjust enrichment: 不当得利10. Property: 财产11. Title: 所有权12. Lease: 租约13. Lien: 留置权14. Trust: 托管15. Guardianship: 监护五、知识产权法律英语词汇1. Patent: 专利2. Trademark: 商标4. Infringement: 侵权5. Royalty: 版权使用费6. Intellectual Property: 知识产权7. Trade secret: 商业秘密8. Piracy: 盗版六、国际法律英语词汇1. Sovereignty: 主权2. Treaty: 条约3. Diplomacy: 外交4. Sanction: 制裁5. Dispute: 争议6. International Court of Justice: 国际法院7. Human Rights: 人权8. Immigration: 移民9. Visa: 签证10. Extradition: 引渡以上是法律英语词汇的一些常见分类及词汇，希望能够对大家提高阅读能力有所帮助。

法律英语表达大全

法律英语表达大全在法律领域中，使用正确的法律英语表达非常重要。

以下是一些常用的法律英语表达，可以帮助您更好地理解和处理法律文件和法律程序。

1. 法律术语•Lawsuit: 诉讼•Plntiff: 原告•Defendant: 被告•Complnt: 控诉书•Summons: 传票•Pleadings: 诉状•Subpoena: 传唤令•Evidence: 证据•Burden of proof: 举证责任•Statute: 法令•Tort: 民事侵权行为•Testimony: 证言•Criminal offense: 刑事犯罪•Misdemeanor: 轻罪•Felony: 重罪2. 法庭程序•Court hearing: 庭审•Trial: 审判•Opening statement: 开庭陈述•Cross-examination: 盘问•Closing argument: 闭庭陈述•Verdict: 裁决•Jury: 陪审团•Bench trial: 座席审判（没有陪审团的审判）•Judgment: 判决•Appeal: 上诉•Court reporter: 法庭记录员•Arrest: 逮捕•Bond: 保释金•Bl: 保释•Evidence: 证据3. 合同和协议•Contract: 合同•Agreement: 协议•Offer: 出价•Acceptance: 接受•Consideration: 对价•Breach of contract: 违反合同•Void contract: 无效合同•Negotiation: 谈判•Arbitration: 仲裁•Mediation: 调解•Termination: 终止•Amendment: 修改•Effective date: 生效日期4. 法律文件和法律文件结构•Legal document: 法律文件•Affidavit: 宣誓书•Power of attorney: 授权书•Will: 遗嘱•Trust: 信托•Deed: 契约•Contract: 合同•Agreement: 协议•Compliance: 遵守•Notice: 通知书•Affirmation: 证言•Declaration: 声明•Schedule: 时间表•Exhibit: 附表5. 法律职业•Attorney: 律师•Judge: 法官•Magistrate: 地方法官•Counsel: 律师•Paralegal: 法律助理•Legal secretary: 法律秘书•Legal consultant: 法律顾问•Court clerk: 法庭书记员•Barrister: 出庭律师（英国律师）•Solicitor: 执业律师（英国律师）以上是一些常用的法律英语表达。

法律词汇汉英互译

法律词汇汉英互译
在进行国际贸易和国际法律交流时，常常需要
进行汉英语言的互译。

找到正确的翻译，可以避
免交流中出现的误解和问题，是非常重要的事情。

本文汇总了一些常见的法律词汇，以方便您进行
汉英互译。

法律本身相关的词汇
English to Chinese (英语 - 中文)
•attorney: 律师
•court: 法庭
•judge: 法官
•lawsuit: 诉讼
•litigation: 诉讼
Chinese to English (中文 - 英语)
•律师: lawyer
•法庭: court
•法官: judge
•诉讼: lawsuit
•诉讼: litigation
合同相关的词汇
English to Chinese (英语 - 中文)•contract: 合同
•agreement: 协议
•breach of contract: 违约•terms and conditions: 条款和条件•termination: 终止
Chinese to English (中文 - 英语)•合同: contract
•协议: agreement。

法律英语翻译

法律英语翻译-法律英语特点法律英语（Legal English）措辞严谨，句式冗长，结构复杂，甚至一句话能长达一篇文章。

在做好法律英语（Legal English）翻译（translation）之前，清楚认识法律英语（Legal English）的特点（characteristics）至关重要。

同样汉语中的法律用语也同样严谨，结构复杂，清楚的掌握两种语言的法律用语特点（characteristics）在翻译（translation）中会更加有章可循。

法律英语（Legal English）是以英语共同语为基础,在立法和司法等活动中形成和使用的具有法律专业特点（characteristics）的语言。

因此，在法律英语（Legal English）中不仅有众多的具有法律专门意义的特殊词汇（words）,而且由于规定人们权利和义务的法律、法令或契约等法律文书所表述的内容必须准确、严密、客观和规范，不容许丝毫的引伸、推理或抒发和表达感情，因而在法律英语（Legal English）中又形成了许多其特有的句法特点（characteristics），这些词法和句法特点（characteristics）在翻译（translation）过程中必须受到充分重视。

下面我们从词汇（words）、词类使用和句型结构三方面来考察法律英语（Legal English）的文体（style）特点（characteristics）：一、法律英语（Legal English）的文体（style）特点（characteristics）之一：法律英语（Legal English）词汇（words）1.1法律英语（Legal English）用词特点（characteristics）：庄重、规范、书面语较多法律是掌握国家政权的阶级、集团的意志体现,它有鲜明的政策性,权威性。

为了维护法律的严肃性,法律、法规遣词造句力求准确,用词正式,语意严谨。

法律英语翻译1-8课翻译(打印版)

第一课PART one美国是一个即年轻又古老的国家,一个与很多国家相比很年轻的国家.同时,它因新人口的成份和新州的加入而持续更新,在此意义上,它也是新国家.但另一方面它是最古老的年轻国家——第一个从旧大陆殖民中脱胎而生的国家，它有最古老的成文法规、最古老的持续的联邦体系、最古老的自治政府惯例。

美国的年轻性最有趣特征之一就是美国历史是印刷发明以后的历史，这正是美国历史记载的全部。

更确地说，与美国相比，没有那个国家的历史有如此广泛的记载。

因为那些在意大利、法国或英国过去的传说中湮没的那些事件是美国历史有文字记载历史的一部分。

美国历史不仅复杂而且繁多。

它不仅包括殖民时代的记载和国家从1776年开始的记载，而且包括当前50个州和各州与联邦之间错综复杂关系的记载。

一个非常明显的例子，联邦最高法院判例汇编有350册以上，州法院判例汇编几乎同样多。

想要探索美国法律历史的人面对的是5000多巨册的法律案例。

没有哪一个文件或者少数文件可以准确地揭示一国人民或政府的特征。

但当一百多年来成百上千的文件敲击出始终如一的音调时，我们可以说这就是基调。

当成百上千的文件以相同的方式解说相同的包罗万象的问题时，从文件中确凿的推论，我们可以阅读出来被我们可称之为的国家特征。

PART TWO美国法律体系,像英国一样,从方法论上讲主要是判例法体系.私法的大多数领域主要包括判例法，以及广泛的不断增加的成文法。

这些成文法继续通过判例法受制于有约束力的法律解释。

对美国法律和法学方法论的理解，判例法知识和从事判例法工作的技巧是同等重要。

普通法在历史上是普通综合法，由英国皇家法院的巡回法官作出的，地位高于地方法。

某项诉讼请求的强制执行是以法院令状这以特殊诉讼形式存在为前提的，而这就是最初普通法表现的“诉讼行为”构成的体系，类似于古罗马法。

（在1227年）如果有法院令状，诉讼请求就会被强制执行。

没有法院令状的诉讼请求就没有追索权，因而该诉讼请求就不存在。

法律英语参考译文完整版Lesson1-16

另一推动法典编纂的原因是主权国家的概念产生于 19 世纪的国家要求记载将要应用于该国家的法律的观念。
当然，对法律编纂的目标也有回应。倡导法典编纂者认为这会使法律的确定性，统一和系统的法律记载更有可能，而反对者声称法典编纂会导致法律僵化。
普通法普通法构成了历史作为英国领地和英国殖民地国家的主要法律。它
市民法是世界盛行的法律体系，它源于罗马法，没有详尽的规则系统，通常是法典式的，它被法官应用和解释。然而，现代法律系统是 19 世界法典编纂运动的派生物，在那期间大多数重要法定（尤其是拿破仑法典和德国民法典）诞生了。
市民法以罗马法为基础，尤其是《查士丁尼民法大全》，后来在中世纪由中世纪的法官发展。对罗马法的吸收接纳，不同国家有不同的特点。在一些国家，它的影响来自于立法机关的法令，亦即罗马法成为有建设性的法律。而在另一些国家，罗马法则在法律理论家主张的审核程式上被接受。
于，来源于 live under 在……统治下生活）
普通法和制定法存在于美国法律制度中。在历史发展进程中，法律的某些部门几乎不由制定法所控制，而是由司法判决所控制。例如，合同法大部分内容就是在英国法律制度的演进中由普通法的法官发展出来的。当然，这并不意味着这一法律部门就不存在立法。立法机关实际上也制定涵盖合同内容的法律，立法广
法由规则的全部所组成。这些全部的规则在构建的政府机关下被适应、被执行，以确定什么样的行为是正确的、什么样的行为是可被允许的、以及什么样的行为是应被否定或惩罚的。
没有法律，社会就会处于无政府状态。法律是社会赖以生存的手段，它提供个人保障，它建立制度和维持社会秩序、保持社会秩序、保证社会健康和安全，它提供一个和平解决争端的方式，它维持人与人之间在经济关系中的稳定性和灵活性，以及它禁止对社会有破坏性的行为。规章制度反映其所实施的社会和时代。法律的发展是符合实际的，它在其日常运作中随着社会对合理性和灵活性的需求而发展。

法律英语的翻译

法律英语的翻译Legal English TranslationLegal English translation is the process of converting legal documents or texts written in one language into another language. It requires not only linguistic skills, but also a deep understanding of legal concepts and terminology in both languages. Legal translation ensures that legal texts are accurately conveyed, preserving their meaning, intent, and legal validity.In the field of legal translation, precision is of utmost importance. Even the smallest mistranslation or interpretation error can have significant consequences, such as misrepresentation of facts, miscommunication between parties, or even legal disputes. Therefore, legal translators must possess not only excellent command of both languages, but also a thorough knowledge of legal principles, systems, and terminology.Legal translation involves various types of legal documents, including contracts, agreements, court pleadings, statutes, regulations, patents, and legal opinions. Each type requires specific knowledge and skills to ensure accurate translation. For instance, contract translation demands careful attention to detail, as any ambiguity or misunderstanding can lead to disputes between parties. Court pleadings translation requires an understanding of legal systems, procedures, and terminologies used in different jurisdictions.One particular feature of legal English is its use of complex legal terminology and phrases. Legal terms often carry specificmeanings that are not easily translatable into other languages. Translators need to be familiar with legal concepts and terminology in both the source and target language to accurately communicate legal information.Moreover, legal translation also involves bridging the cultural and legal gaps between the source and target language. Legal systems can differ significantly from one jurisdiction to another, and legal concepts may not have direct equivalents in another language. For example, common law systems, such as those in the United States and the United Kingdom, rely heavily on case law, while civil law systems, like those in continental Europe, are based on codified laws. Translators need to be aware of these differences and find appropriate ways to convey the legal concepts effectively.To ensure accurate and reliable legal translation, legal translators often work in teams or consult with legal experts in both languages. They collaborate to clarify any uncertainties, ensure consistency, and avoid potential errors. In addition, legal translators may referto specialized legal dictionaries, glossaries, and databases to find equivalent legal terms and phrases.Another important aspect of legal translation is confidentiality. Legal texts often contain sensitive and confidential information that must be handled with utmost care. Translators are bound by professional codes of ethics to maintain confidentiality and ensure the security of the translated texts.In conclusion, legal English translation is a specialized field that requires an in-depth understanding of legal concepts, proficientlinguistic skills, and cultural awareness. Accurate legal translation is crucial for effective communication and understanding between legal systems and parties involved. Legal translators play a vital role in bridging the language and legal gaps, ensuring that legal texts are accurately conveyed, and legal processes are accurately understood and executed.。

法律英语单词分单元汇总

Unit 1 A第一段1. jurisdiction 管辖区，管辖权2. legal family 法系3. civil law 大陆法系4. common law 普通法系，英美法系第四段1. legislation 立法2. case 案例3. the court of Chancery 衡平法院4. equity 衡平法5. petition 诉请（v.），申诉(n.)6. discretionary 自由裁量的第五段1. entrusted territories 托管领地2. impose 实施第六段1. arbitrator 仲裁员2. apply 适用第七段1.Privy Council 枢密院(英国)第八段1. the Twelve Tables 十二铜表法2. citizen 市民第九段1. canon law 教会法2. Corpus Juris Civilis 民法大全3. Justinian Code 查士丁尼法典第十一段1. receive 继受2. private law 私法P.121. civil code 民法典2. codification 法典化第十六段1. interpretation 解释（judicial interpretation 司法解释）2. law doctrine 法律教义课后填空题中的单词1. draft 起草2. inalienable 不可剥夺的3. precedent 先例4. arbitration 仲裁5.binding 约束力6.redress 救济7.grievance 伸冤8.the idea of legislative supremacy 立法的最高权威原则（立法至上原则）9.legitimate 合法的Unit 1 B第一段1. Empower 授权2. Political entity 政治实体3. decide controversies 判决争议4. Obligation 义务，债务5. tribunal 法庭6. Damage 损害赔偿7. breach of contract 违约8. Advocate 辩护人，律师第二段1. unpredictability 不可预测性2. Adjudication 裁决第五段1. normative 规范的2. Precedent 先例3. routine 程式，惯例4. Curb on抑制5. adherence to 坚持，遵守6. Arbitrariness 专制第六段1. Abandonment of an outworn legal doctrine 摒弃过时的法律原则第七段1. Stare decisis遵循先例第八段1. Full-fledged precedent 充分有效的判例Binding precedent 有约束力的判例Persuasive precedent 有劝导力的判例（没有法律约束力）2. Territorial limitation 区域限制第九段1. identical 相同的第十段1.Trial courts 初审法院intermediate appellate courts 中级上诉法院Court of last resort 终审法院第十一段1. Rres judicata一案不再审2. Stare decisis先例约束3. Reversal 撤销overruling 推翻，否决第十二段:1.Plaintiff 原告defendant 被告第十八段1. render the decision 判决2. Holding 裁定3. dictum 意见（法官的附带意见）第十九段1. Persuasive authority 说服效力课后习题：1. Lessor 出租人lessee/tenant 租客，承租人Unit 2 A第一段1.nomenclature 系统命名法，命名court nomenclature 法院名称2.hierarchical 等级制度的hierarchical structure 层级结构3.court of last resort 终审法院第二段1.trial court ( the court in the first instance )初审法院2.court of inferior jurisdiction 有限管辖权的法院3.justice of the peace court 治安官法院4.municipal court 市政法院第三段1.court of general jurisdiction 一般管辖权的法院第四段1.superior court 高级法院2.district court 地区法院3.circuit court 巡回法院4.court of common pleas 普通诉讼法院5.justice 大法官judge 法官第五段1.appellate court （Court of Appeals ）上诉法院2.supreme judicial court 最高审判法院3.supreme court of appeals 最高上诉法院4.tribunal 法庭5.merits 案件事实6.substantive law 实体法第六段1.day in court 出庭应诉，出庭答辩2.matter of grace 法外开恩，恩典3.existing statutes 现行成文法4.docket 诉讼事件表，案件排期表第七段1.discretion 自由裁量权2.screen out 筛选strain out 过滤第八段1.federal court 联邦法院2.interpretation 解释权3.enforcement 实施权第九段1．intermediate appellate court ( called the Court of Appeals )中级上诉法院2．Claims Court 索赔法院3．Tax Court 税务法院第十三段1.entertain 受理2.provision 条款3.diversity of citizenship 公民身份多样性第十四段1.venue 审判地（从数个有管辖权的法院中选出来的那个审判法院）forum 有管辖权的法院2.file a suit 提起诉讼（指民事起诉）第十五段1.actions at law 普通法诉讼2.cases in equity 衡平法案件3.promulgate 颁布，公布第十六段1.judicial circuit 巡回审判地区2.Court of Claims 索赔法院3.Court of Customs and Patent Appeals 海关与专利上诉法院第十七段1.en banc 全体法官听审2.summon 传召，传唤3.litigation 诉讼litigant 诉讼当事人第十八段1.petition 诉请，申诉2.writ 令状3.certiorari 调卷令4.discretion 自由裁量权第十九段1. umpire 裁判员Unit 3 B第一段1. The Supreme Court 最高法院2. Interpret the constitution 解释宪法3. Judicial review 司法审查4. Render decisions 做出判决第二段1. State legislature 州立法机关2. Federal administrative agency 联邦行政机构第三段1. Constitutional review 宪法审查2. Partisan politics 党派政治3. Justice of the peace 治安法官4. Vest 授予5. Ordain 任命6. Provision 规定7. Designate 指定指派8. Hierarchy 等级9. Jurisdiction 管辖权10.Hear 审理11.Provision 款12.Precedence 先例13.Consensus 一致同意14.Intrigue 阴谋15.Consolidate 巩固第四段1.Sectary of state 国务卿2.Affixing the seal 盖国玺3.Senate 参议院4.Inadvertence 不注意5.Inaugurate 开始任职6.Withhold 撤回第五段1. A writ of mandamus 执行令状第六段1. The executive branch 行政部门2. Dilemma 两难3. Acquiesce 默许第七段1. Ministerial detail内阁主张第八段1. Original jurisdiction 初审管辖权2. The judiciary act 司法法3. Tour de force 精心杰作4. Grant 授予5. Relief 救济6. Cede 放弃第九段1. V oid 无效2. Mandamus 执行令3. A government of limited powers 有限政府第十一段1. Judicial duty 司法责任第十二段1. Syllogism 三段论第十三段1. Logical rigor 逻辑严密性第十四段1. Criminal proceeding 刑诉2. Thwart 阻碍，反对3. Rescind 解除4. the supremacy clause 最高条款第十五段1. Tenure 任期第十六段1. Futility 徒劳无果而终2. Desegregate 废除种族隔离第十七段1. Executive privilege 行政特权课后1. Separation of powers 三权分立2. Administrative regulation行政规章3. Statutory instrument法定文书4. Veto否决5. Interpretation字面解释6. Construction上下文解释7. Federalism联邦制8. Statute法（特指）9. Act 法（泛指）10.Writ 文书11.Certiorari 移送命令调卷令12.Servitude 服役13.Bill 法案14.Administrative regulation 行政法规（美国的用法）15.Statutory instrument 法定文件（英国的行政法规用词）Unit 4 A第一段1. omission 疏忽，懈怠，不作为（negligence）2. Removal from public office 开除公职3. Disqualification from holding public office 剥夺政治权利4. Probation 缓刑5. Restitution 返还原物，恢复原状（monetary restitution 金钱赔偿）第二段1. Press charges、bring charges、bring a suit 、file a suit 提起诉讼第三段1. State prosecutor 州检察官2. Process the claim （claim=charge\suit）提起诉讼第五段1. Execution 执行死刑（capital punishment 死刑）（以下为老师上课补充）3. Punitive damages 惩罚性损害赔偿4. Exemplary damages 惩罚性损害赔偿5. Award 裁定损害赔偿金的判决（相当于sentence or make a judgment）第六段1. Assault 企图伤害罪2. Battery 殴击罪（assault and battery 殴击罪）第七段1. Apprehension 逮捕2. Miranda warnings 米兰达警告3. Probable cause 合理的根据第八段1. Felony 重罪2. Misdemeanor 轻罪3. Infraction 一般违法（相当于violation）第九段1. Transgression 违法2. Corroborative evidence 加强证据，实证证据，佐证3. Complaint 自诉起诉书4. Issuance of an arrest warrant 签发逮捕令第十段1. Involuntary manslaughter 非预谋故意杀人，过失杀人第十一段1. Motives 犯罪动机1. Intent 犯罪意图第十二段1. Strict liability 严格责任2. Acquittal 宣告无罪第十四段1. A first degree murder 一级谋杀2. Imbecile 低能者第十五段1. Mens rea 犯意2. Actus reus犯罪行为3. Causation 因果关系第十六段1. The grossly negligent behavior 重大过失行为第十七段Hold-up 抢劫课后练习单词1. Infamous crime 不名誉犯罪2. Infamy 声名狼藉3. Ineligible 不适铬4. Commence 开始（commencement 毕业典礼）5. Search or seizure 搜查或扣押6. Criminal sanction 刑事制裁7. Psychological pressure 心理压力8. Requisite 必备的，必不可少的9. Model Panel Code 模范刑法典Unit 5 B第一段1. Pretrial steps 审前程序第二段1. The bill of information 检察官公诉书2. Complaint 起诉书（针对misdemeanor）3. Law enforcement 执法，法律实施4. The subject matter 诉讼标的5. Magistrate 地方执法官6. Be bound over 具结(bound over for trail法官接受公诉书后，被告会受审)7. Misdemeanor 轻罪第三段1. The grand jury process 大陪审团程序2. Appearance 出庭3. Refute 驳斥4. Put on a defense 提出抗辩第四段1. The arrest 逮捕2. Take a suspect into custody 拘捕嫌疑犯3. Charge 指控4. Official arrest warrant 正式逮捕令5. Probable cause 合理根据第五段1. Booking 登记备案2. Inventory search 物品清查3. Contraband 违禁品4. Preliminary investigation 初步调查5. Seizure 扣押第六段1. The decision to prosecute （检察官）公诉决定第七段1. The initial appearance 首次出庭2. Constitutional rights and guarantees 宪法权利和保证3. Bail 保释金4. Nominal bail fee 名义担保费5. Released on one’s own recognizance 自我保释第八段1. Merit of the case 案件事实1. A guilty plea 有罪答辩第九段1. The preliminary hearing 预审程序2. A grand jury hearing 大陪审团听证3. Reasonable doubt 合理怀疑4. Burden of proof 举证责任5. Safeguard for the rights 权利保障6. Cross-examine 交叉询问7. Favorable evidence 有利证据第十段1. Adjudicate 判决2. Formal indictment 正式的起诉书（大陪审团起诉书）第十一段1. The arraignment 传讯2. Not guilty by reason of insanity 因精神病而无罪3. Nolo contendere(no contest) 既不辩护也不认罪4. File all relevant pretrial motions 提交所有相关的审前动议第十三段1. Waive 放弃2. Bench trial 法官审判3. A plea bargain 辩诉交易，认罪协议第十四段1. Voir dire 陪审团资格审查2. Peremptory challenge 绝对回避（无因回避，但有人数限制）3. The challenge for cause 相对回避（有因回避，没有人数限制）第十五段1. Opening statement 开场陈述2. Mistrial 无效审判第十六段1. Acquit 无罪释放2. Bad faith 恶意3. Reversible error 可撤销判决的错误第十七段1. The prosecutor’s case 控方举证2. Presumption of innocence 无罪推定3. Tangible evident 有形证据（物证）第十八段1. Motion for directed verdict 指示裁决动议第十九段1. The defendant’s pr esentation 被告辩护2. Testimonial 证人证言3. Take the stand and testify 站到证人席作证4. Self incrimination 自证其罪5. Rebuttal （检察官对被告方证据）驳斥6. Surrebuttal (rejoinder) （被告方对公诉方驳斥）反驳斥7. Rebut 反驳第二十段1. Closing argument 结案陈辞2. Summation 总结3. Extol the virtues of one’s claim 肯定己方诉求真实性第二十一段1. Discrepancy 不一致，矛盾2. Claim for conviction 有罪主张第二十二段1. Refute 反驳2. Discredit witness 质疑证人3. Discredit the case 质疑案子本身（质疑控方举证不足以起诉）第二十三段1. Jury instruction 陪审团指示2. Charge the jury 陪审团指示3. Submit 提交4. Standard jury instruction forms 标准陪审团指示模板第二十四段1. The jury deliberation 陪审团评议2. Venireman 陪审员3. Private conference chamber 秘密会议室4. Stenographer 速记员5. Acquiescence 缄默6. Apathy 冷漠（对裁决漠不关心）7. The toss of a coin 掷硬币第二十五段1. Unanimous 一致同意的2. Acquittal 无罪3. Conviction 有罪4. Double jeopardy 双重追诉第二十六段1. The verdict 裁决，裁定2. Involuntary manslaughter 过失杀人3. Hung jury （因陪审团不能达成一致裁定而造成的）无效审判第二十七段1. Sentence 判刑2. The state statute 州成文法律3. Suspension 停职4. Probation 缓刑5. Jail term 监禁刑6. Fine 罚金7. Disqualification to hold public office 开除公职8. Capital punishment 死刑第二十八段1. The appeal 上诉2. Significant procedural error 重大程序错误（可以构成reversible error）3. Harmless error 无害错误（对判决结果无影响的程序错误）4. Procedural deficiency 程序错误后面表格词汇1. Preponderance of evidence 优势证据2. Prima facie case初步案件3. Proof beyond a reasonable doubt 排除合理怀疑的证据后面练习题词汇1. Overzealous 过分热心的2. Dual sovereignty 双重主权（区别于double jeopardy）Unit 6 B第一段wsuit 诉讼2.substantive law/ procedural law 实体法/程序法3.will 遗嘱(make a last will stick 使遗嘱生效)4.formality 手续(what formalities arenecessary to make a last will stick)5.issue stock 发行股票6.lease or deed of land 土地租赁或转让契约(lease租赁, leasor出租人, lessee承租人, leasehold 通过租赁而占有)第二段1.have standing to do 有资格(whether aparticular person has standing to bring aparticular suit)2.afford the remedy 给予救济3.court–made juctice 法庭正义4.good procedures 正当程序(the roadto.court–made juctice is paved with goodprocedures)第四段1.the pleading stage 起诉阶段2.client 当事人3.ascertain 确认，查明4.be prone to (=incline to) 倾向于第五段1.emotion distress 精神损害2.personal injury 人身伤害3.property damage 财产损失第六段1.can be proved in court 在法庭上可被证实2.state a claim 诉讼请求3.allege (claim/allege/ascertain) 主张4.renege 食言，反悔5.breach of contract 合同违约, 违反合同约定(state a claim for breach of contract合同违约之诉)6.norm 规范7. a true account 如实报道8.file bankruptcy 申请破产9.invation of privacy 侵犯隐私第七段1.the amount of money 标的额2.residence 住所3.subject matter jurisdiction 事务管辖权，事项管辖权，对事管辖权4.personal jurisdiction 属人管辖权，对人管辖权5.the person sued = defendant 被告6.render the judgment (render = give) 作出判决第八段1.service of process 送达程序(serviceof process on the defendant 向被告送达程序)2.initiate the lawsuilt 启动诉讼，提起诉讼3.summons 传票(serve a summons送达传票)plaint 起诉状(serve a complaint送达起诉状)5.Civil Procedure 民事诉讼程序第九段1.pleading 主张(the comlaint is thepleading in which the plaintiff states thefacts)2.cause of action 诉讼理由，诉因，诉由(constitute a cause of action 构成诉讼理由)第十一段1.interval 期间(a proper interval)2.default judgment 缺席判决(enter adefault judgment)3.collect 执行(collect against yourclient's property)第十二段1.motion 动议2.motion to dismiss 申请撤销3.demurrer抗辩4.recover 赔偿(permit X to recoveragainst F on those facts)第十三段1.answer 答辩(serve/file an answer 作出答辩)2.general denial 全部否认(qualified/specific denial)3.issue 争议，问题第十四段1.affirmative defense 积极抗辩(serve/file an affirnative defense)2. a plea by way of confession andavoidance 自认其罪又持异议的抗辩3.statute of limitations 诉讼时效第十五段1.grant/deny a motion 允许/否决动议(motion granted/denied 被允许/否决的动议)2.replead 二次申诉第十六段1.controvert 否定, 反对, 对…持异议2.negligent/negligence 过失3.impair 损害第十八段1.bench trial 法官审判(jury trial 陪审团审判)第二十段1.opening statement 开庭陈述(closingstatement/argument 结案陈辞)第二十一段1.direct/cross examination 直接/交叉提问2.inadmissible 不可采信的(admit,admission, admissible, inadmissible)3.except不同意(defendant will "except"to the rulling and so preserve her right)第二十三段1.testimony 证人证词(direct testimonyand cross-examination of witnesses)2.exceptions 保留意见(objections to theevidence and exceptions to the court'rulling)第二十四段1.burden of proof 举证责任2.assert 主张，坚称第二十五段2.sum up 结案陈词(=closingstatement/argument)第二十六段1.charge to the jury对陪审团的指示(jury instructions)2.the instruction stage (instruction = charge)指示阶段3.applicable 可适用的4.find 确认，认定(if you the jury findthat the defendant sent the postcards)5.bring in a verdict 作出裁决6. a reasonable person “理性人”（具有一般智商的普通人）7.impair 妨碍(his emotional distresswould impair his ability to drive)第二十七段1.draft 草案，草稿2.submit 提交(submit the draftinstructions to the judge)3.record objections 记录反对意见4.erroneous 错误的(an erroneousstatement of the law)第二十八段1.in substance 实质上2.tort action 侵权第二十九段1.retire for deliberation 退席评议2.general verdict 一般裁决，概括裁决第三十段1.terminology and practice 理论与实践第三十一段1.judgment notwithstanding the verdict(judgment non obstante verdicto)(judgment n.o.v) (j.n.o.v) (grantjudgment n.o.v ) 不顾陪审团裁决的判决, 直接审判(法官认为案件事实清楚不需交付陪审团而直接作出的判决)2.judgment as a matter of law(JMOL)直接审判(联邦法院的叫法)3.jury finding 陪审团裁定第三十二段1.set aside 推翻(=overrule) (set aside theverdict = disregard the verdict2.grant a new trial 重新审判3.sufficiency of the evidence 证据充分性4.time-honored 历久弥新5. a minimum amount of evidence 基本证据6.scintilla 一点点，微乎其微第三十三段1.move for 提出申请(move for a newtrial)2.rule in 认定(rule in evidence)3.misconduct 行为不当4.excessive damages 过高赔偿金第三十四段1.award the verdict 作出裁决2.notice 告知，申请(notice of appeal)第三十五段1.execution of the judgment 执行判决2.writ 权利(=right) (the plaintiff obtainsa writ from the court directing the sheriffto seize property of the defendant)3.seize/seizure 扣押(seize the property) 第三十六段1.debtor 债务人pliance 遵从，服从第三十八段1.retry 重审2.the case on its merits案件实质，案件相关事实3.scrutiny 审查(=review)4.the transcript of the testimony 庭审笔录5.exhibits 证物6.briefs 上诉意见第三十九段1.circulate 传阅(the draft opinion will becirculated for initialing)2.initial 草签(本意"首字母"，即草签只签名字首字母)3.concurring opinions附随意见4.dissenting opinions 不同意见第四十段1.rule 裁定，裁决(trial judges can avoideroror in every rulling in a complicatedcase)2.the leisure of hindsight 后见之明(hindsight 后见；foresight 前见)3.warrant 确保，保证(v.) (Should all sucherrors warrant reversal by the apprellatecourt ?)4.cure 纠正(the errors are "cured" bysubsequent events)5.prejudicial损坏性的(prejudice 损害；with/without prejudice 在有/无损害前提下；dismissal with/without prejudice永久性驳回起诉/非永久性驳回起诉,可补正之撤销诉讼)课后练习题词汇1.in rem jurisdiction 对物管辖权/ inpersonam jurisdiction (= personaljurisdiction) 对人管辖权, 属人权2.juvenile 青少年/ minor 未成年(juvenile delinquency青少年越轨行为) 3.deposition 口头质询/ interrogatory 书面质询(都属于discovery证据发掘阶段)4.nonresident 非本州居民5.have certain minimum contacts with 最低限度联系(long-arm jurisdiction 长臂管辖权/ long-arm statute 长臂法) 6.probative matter 提供证明的事项，有证明力的内容7.adversary/inquisitorial trial 对抗式庭审/纠问式审判8.special/general verdict 特别裁决/一般裁决9.bench/jury trial 法官审判/陪审团审判10.court clerk 法庭书记员11.concurrent 竞合12.probate 遗嘱检验13.executrix (female administrator) 女执行人Unit8A第一段1.civil wrongs 民事不法行为2.tortious act 侵权行为3.act 作为4.omission不作为5.personal interest人身利益6.property interest财产利益7.intent 故意8.negligence过失9.inadvertence疏忽，不小心（没有尽到注意义务）10.mistake误解错误第二段1.liability责任义务2.tort liability 侵权责任3.contract liability合同责任4.damages赔偿金5.remedies救济第三段1.intentional torts 故意侵权2.negligent torts过失侵权3.state of mind 主观心态4.circumstantial evidence间接证据环境证据（行为时的客观情况）第四段1.personal torts 人身侵权2.property torts财产侵权3.assault威胁 a threatened or attemptedphysical attack by someone who appears to be able to cause bodily harm if not stopped4.battery攻击an assault in which theassailant makes physical contact5.false imprisonment非法拘禁6.trespass to land 非法侵入土地7.trespass to chattels非法侵入动产yperson 法外之人第六段1.confinement监禁拘禁2.false imprisonment 非法拘禁第八段mitment order拘禁令第九段1. alcoholism酒精中毒2 .detention拘留扣留第十段1.the right to exclusive possession of theland对土地的排他性占有权第十一段1.prima facie case初步证明的案件第十四段1.expire 到期期满第十五段1.standard of care注意标准2.reasonable person standard理性人标准3.duty of care注意义务4.assumption of the risk自担风险第十八段1.proximate cause最近原因2.public policy argument 公序良俗论辩理由第十九段1.foreseeability可预见性2.actionable可起诉的第二十段1.intervening causes介入因素第二十一段1.contributory negligence共同过失parative negligence比较过失3.recovery救济赔偿金第二十二段1. automobile accidents交通事故第二十三段1. pure comparative negligence 纯比例比较过失2. partial comparative negligence部分比较过失第二十五段1.unreasonable conduct不当行为2.voluntary consent自愿同意第二十六段1.strict liability严格责任2.liability without fault无过错责任3.abnormally dangerous activities高度危险活动第二十七段1.privity of contract合同关系第二十八段1.defamation诽谤2.slander口头诽谤3.libel书面诽谤Unit 8B ——侯润颖第一段1. Contend 主张2. Compensatory and punitive damages 补偿性和惩罚性赔偿金第二段1. Cause of action 诉讼理由第五段1. Recuperate 休养2. Skin grafts 皮肤移植第六段1. Out-of-pocket 自掏腰包第七段1. Summary dismissal 驳回起诉的动议2. Proximate cause 近因原则;直接原因第十段1. Find for 作有利于...的判决第十一段1. Runaway 坐视不理2. Undisclosed amount 未公开的赔偿数额第十三段1. A defective product 缺陷产品2. Scrutiny 推敲课后题II (P138)1. Infringe legal right 侵犯权利2. Nondisclosure 保密3. Referee 裁判员4. The court below 一审法院5. Joint tortfeasor 共同侵犯人6. Intentional tort 故意侵权7. Make an example out of 惩罚8. Exemplary damages 惩罚性赔偿金9. Exemplary behavior 值得仿效的行为10. Privity 共同利益关系，此处指合同关系11. Transaction 交易12. Prima facie case 初步证明的案件13. Chattels 动产14. Freehold land 自由保有地产15. A chattel real 属地动产16. Chattels personal 属人动产17. Omission 不作为18. Commission 作为19. Reasonable person 理性人Unit 8 B第一段1. Contend 主张2. Compensatory and punitive damages 补偿性和惩罚性赔偿金第二段1. Cause of action 诉讼理由第五段1. Recuperate 休养2. Skin grafts 皮肤移植第六段1. Out-of-pocket 自掏腰包第七段1. Summary dismissal 驳回起诉的动议2. Proximate cause 近因原则;直接原因第十段1. Find for 作有利于...的判决第十一段1. Runaway 坐视不理2. Undisclosed amount 未公开的赔偿数额第十三段1. A defective product 缺陷产品2. Scrutiny 推敲课后题II (P138)1. Infringe legal right 侵犯权利2. Nondisclosure 保密3. Referee 裁判员4. The court below 一审法院5. Joint tortfeasor 共同侵犯人6. Intentional tort 故意侵权7. Make an example out of 惩罚8. Exemplary damages 惩罚性赔偿金9. Exemplary behavior 值得仿效的行为10. Privity 共同利益关系，此处指合同关系11. Transaction 交易12. Prima facie case 初步证明的案件13. Chattels 动产14. Freehold land 自由保有地产15. A chattel real 属地动产16. Chattels personal 属人动产17. Omission 不作为18. Commission 作为19. Reasonable person 理性人Unit 9 A第一段1.offer n.要约2.acceptance n.承诺3.promise n.允诺4.capacity n.主体资格5.mutual assent 当事人合意6.consideration n. 对价7.statute n. 制定法第二段1.fraud n. 欺诈2.the Statute of Frauds 反欺诈法3.threshold n. 入门；门槛第三段1.the Uniform Commercial Code（UCC ）《统一商法典》2personal property 动产3.lease n.( 不动产)租赁；租约；租赁合同4.letter of credit信用证第四段the Restatement of Contracts 合同法重述第五段1.express contracts 明示合同2.implied contracts 默示合同3.void contracts 无效合同4.voidable contracts 可撤销合同5..quasi contracts准合同，契约6..enforceable contracts可强制执行合同7. unenforceable contracts 不可强制执行合同8. a legal remedy 法律救济第六段1. Oxymoron n. 矛盾修辞法第八段1. artificial person法人2. minor n.未成年人3. majority n. 成熟；法定年龄第十一段1. counteroffer n.反要约课后练习题1.A legal detriment 损害，对权利的放弃2.An implied in law contract 法律上所默许的契约，暗指合同3.No capacity to contract 没有订立合同的能力，指无民事行为能力人4.Mutuality of agreement 合意5.Mutuality of obligation 权利义务相对性6.Unjust enrichment 不当得利7.Full consent=consensus 一致，合意Unit 9 B第一段1. plain meaning 一般意思，普遍含义（ordinary meaning）2. deceptively 欺诈地，迷惑地第三段1. be given more weight than 优于第四段1. breach of contract=repudiation 到期违约anticipatory breach 预期违约2. stipulate 规定3. real estate 房地产第五段1. projected loss of profits 预期利益损失2. aggrieved party 受损害方3. specific performance 实际履行4. commodity 商品，货物第六段1. mutual mistake 共同过失2. something material 实质事项，重要事项3. duress 胁迫4. threat of force 武力威胁5. undue influence 不正当影响第七段1.unconscionability=extreme unfairness 显失公平2. fine print 极小的字体，难懂的条文3. jargon 行话，术语4. misrepresentation 虚假陈述5. justifiable breach 正当违约6. enter a contract 订立合同7. impossibility 履行不能（uncontrollable circumstance）8. frustration 合同目的落空课后题1. inducement 诱因，刺激物3. false pretense 诈骗defraud 欺骗，诈骗5. undertaking 同意，许诺offeror 要约人10.undue influence 不正当压力negate 否定，否认。

法律英语第一课翻译。

法律英语第一课翻译引言法律英语是指在法律领域使用的英语专业术语和表达方式。

随着全球化的推进，法律界对于英语专业人士的需求逐渐增加。

本文将介绍法律英语的基本概念和常用词汇，帮助读者理解和翻译法律文件。

法律英语的基本概念法律英语是法律体系中的一项重要内容，包括法律文件的起草、翻译和解释等。

在法律英语中，准确性和专业性是非常重要的原则。

法律文件的翻译需要注意保持原文意思的准确性，并确保译文符合法律的规定。

常见法律英语词汇下面列举了一些常见的法律英语词汇及其翻译：w - 法律2.Legal - 法律的3.Contract - 合同4.Agreement - 协议5.Plaintiff - 原告6.Defendant - 被告7.Judgment - 判决8.Court - 法院9.Evidence - 证据10.Witness - 证人这些词汇是法律文件中经常出现的，熟悉这些词汇对于正确理解和翻译法律文件至关重要。

法律英语的翻译技巧在翻译法律文件时，以下几点技巧可以帮助提高翻译质量：1.精确无误的翻译法律文件非常重要。

一些术语的错误翻译可能导致法律文件的失效，因此需要对法律术语进行深入理解并保持准确性。

2.翻译法律文件时要注重上下文的理解。

有时直译法律术语可能不合适，需要根据文件的整体内容进行适当的调整和解释。

3.参考专业的法律词典和资料是翻译法律文件的重要工具。

法律词典能够提供准确的翻译和解释，确保翻译的准确性。

4.在翻译过程中，要注意语言的简明扼要。

法律文件通常需要清晰、简洁的表达，避免使用过于复杂或晦涩的词汇。

结论法律英语作为一门专业领域，对于法律文件的翻译具有重要意义。

准确、专业的翻译能够保证法律文件的有效性，并为法律实践提供帮助。

本文介绍了法律英语的基本概念、常见词汇和翻译技巧，希望对读者理解和翻译法律文件有所帮助。

参考文献 - Smith, J. (2010). Legal English: How to Understand and Master the Language of Law. Routledge.。

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)

法律英语词汇大全（完美版）一、基本法律词汇1. 法律（Law）：国家制定或认可的，用以规范社会成员行为、调整社会关系的规范总称。

2. 法规（Regulation）：国家行政机关根据法律制定的具有普遍约束力的规范性文件。

3. 条款（Clause）：法律、合同等文件中的具体规定。

4. 判决（Judgment）：法院对案件审理后作出的结论性意见。

5. 律师（Lawyer）：依法取得执业资格，为社会提供法律服务的专业人员。

6. 诉讼（Lawsuit）：当事人依法向法院提起的请求保护自己合法权益的程序。

二、刑法相关词汇1. 犯罪（Crime）：违反刑法规定，危害社会，依法应受刑罚处罚的行为。

2. 罪名（Charge）：对犯罪嫌疑人指控的具体犯罪名称。

3. 刑罚（Punishment）：国家对犯罪分子实行的一种强制措施，包括主刑和附加刑。

4. 刑事责任（Criminal Responsibility）：犯罪分子因其犯罪行为所应承担的法律责任。

5. 量刑（Sentencing）：法院根据犯罪分子的犯罪事实、情节和悔罪表现，依法决定刑罚的种类和幅度。

三、民法相关词汇1. 合同（Contract）：当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。

2. 权利（Right）：法律赋予当事人实现某种利益的可能性。

3. 义务（Obligation）：当事人依法应承担的责任。

4. 赔偿（Compensation）：因侵权行为给他人造成损失，依法应承担的经济补偿责任。

5. 继承（Inheritance）：继承人依法取得被继承人遗产的法律制度。

四、商法相关词汇1. 公司（Company）：依法设立的，以营利为目的的企业法人。

2. 股东（Shareholder）：持有公司股份，享有公司权益和承担公司风险的人。

3. 破产（Bankruptcy）：债务人因不能清偿到期债务，经法院宣告破产，对其财产进行清算的法律程序。

4. 票据（Bill）：具有一定格式，载明一定金额，由出票人签发，无条件支付给持票人或指定人的有价证券。

法律英语汉译英(专业词汇部分)

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)

法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precede nt 普通法com mon law 特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原贝U法fun dame ntal law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system 普通法com mon law 大陆法continental law 罗马法系Roman law system 衡平法equity; law of equity 日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm 义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原贝U fun dame ntal prin ciples of civil law平等原贝U principle of equality 自愿原贝U principle of free will 公平原贝U principle of justice 等价有偿原贝U prin ciple of equal value exchange诚实信用原贝U prin ciple of good faith 行为act 作为ac不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right 优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right 救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim 物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation 撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of term in ati on抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权mome ntary right of defense 永久性抗辩权perma nent coun ter-argume nt right 不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right 同时履行抗辩权defense right of simulta neous performa nee既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权禾personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right 亲属权right of relative 探视权visitation right 酉己偶权right of spouse 荣誉权right of honor 权利的保护protection of right 公力救济public protection 私力救济self-protect ion 权禾本位standard of right 社会本位standard of society 无责任行为irresponsible right 正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence 自为行为self-conducting act 紧急避险act of rescue; necessity 自助行为act of self-help 不可抗力force majeure 意外事件accident 行为能力capacity for act 意思能力capacity of will 民事行为civil act 意思表示declaration of intention 意思表示一致meet ing of min ds; consen sus 完全行为能力perfect capacity for act 限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act 准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person 保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of admi nisteri ng his own capacity 无行为能力in capacity for act 禁治产人interdicted person 自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所reside nee经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户in dividual bus in ess农村承包经营户leasehold ing rural household 合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业part nership bus in ess establishme nt 个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormantpart nership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship 法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业in dividual bus in ess establishme nt国有独资企业solely state-ow ned en terprise 中外合资企业Si no-foreig n joi nt ven ture en terprise中外合作企业Si no-foreig n con tractualen terprise社团法人legal body of mass organization 财团法人legal body of financial group 联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons 合伙型联营coordinated management in part nership 协作型联营cooperati on-type coord in ated man ageme nt合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act 单方民事法律行为uni lateral civil legal act 双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act 多方民事法律行为joi nt act civil legal act 有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with con siderati on无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without con siderati on; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act法律翻译公司诺成性民事法律行为consen tal civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act 不要式民事法律行为in formal civil legal act 要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为non causative civil legal act主民事法律行为prin cipal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act 附条件民事法律行为con diti on al civil legalact附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death 准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act 无效行为in effective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others precarious positi on以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal formcon ceali ng illegal inten ti on恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人age nt本代理人orig inal age nt法定代理人statutory age nt; legal age nt委托代理人age nt by man date指定代理人desig nated age nt复代理人subage nt再代理人subage nt 转代理人subage nt 代理权right of agency 授权行为act of authorization 授权委托书power of attorney 代理行为act of agency 委托代理age ncy by man date 本代理original agency 复代理subagency 次代理subagency 有权代理authorized agency 表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理agency by lawyer 普通代理general agency 全权代理general agency全权代理委托书gen eral power of attor ney共同代理joint agency 独家代理sole agency 居间brokerage 居间人broker 行纪commissi on;broker house 信托trust 时效time limit; prescription; limitation 时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation 时效中断interruption of limitatio n/prescriptio n 时效延长extension of limitation 取得时效acquisitive prescription 时效终止lapse of time; term in ati on of prescripti on期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relati ons with foreig n eleme nts冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识另» identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order 法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility 刑事责任crim in al liability/resp on sibility 违约责任liability of breach of con tract;resp on sibility of default有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligenee; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim ' s fault第三人过错third party' s fault推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate inten ti on; inten ti on; willfu In ess过失negligenee重大过失gross negligenee疏忽大意的过失careless and in adverte ntn eglige nee过于自信的过失n eglige nee with un due assumpti on损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of beari ng civil liability停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险elim in ati on of dan ger 返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of originalstate赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one' s reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology 物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right 物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原贝U the prin cipal of One thing. One Right物权法定主义prin cipal of legality of right in rem 物权公示原贝U prin cipal of public sum mons of right in rem物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production 生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsiste nee流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce 限制流通物limited mercha ntable thi ng 禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thi ng out of commerce资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset 动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate 特定物res certae; a certain thing 种类物genus; indefinitething 可分物res divisibiles; divisible things 不可分物res in divisibiles; in divisible thi ngs 主物res capitalis; a principal thing 从物res accessoria; an accessory thing 原物original thing孳息fruits天然孳息natural fruits 法定孳息legal fruits 无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物lost property 漂流物drifting object 埋藏物fortuna; hidden property 货币currency 证券securities 债券bond 物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有权dominium; ownership; title 所有权凭证document of title; title of own ership占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership 使用权right of use; right to use of 收益权right to earnings; right to yields 处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi 善意占有possession in good faith 恶意占有malicious possession 按份共有several possession 共同共有joint possession 他物权jus in re aliena 用益物权real right for usufruct 使用权right to use; right of use 土地使用权right to the use of land 林权forest ownership 采矿权mining ownership经营权man agerial authority; power ofman ageme nt承包经营权right to contracted management 相邻权neighboring right; relatedright 地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to Ianded estate gran ted in perpetuity through a con tract 地役权servitude; easement人役权servitus pers on arum; pers onal servitude 担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of athi ng抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage抵押权的设定creati on of right to mortgage 抵押人mortgagor抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage 抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage 抵押权的次序seque nee of right to mortgage 抵押权的抛弃aba ndonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage 抵押权的实现materializati on of right to mortgage 抵押权的消灭ext in ction of right to mortgageregistratio n of estate un der mortgage 抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage抵押优先权priority of mortgage留置权lien一般留置权general lien 特别留置权special lien 质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge 佃权tenant right债权jus in pers on am; right to give or procure; claim; creditor' s right 债权人creditor 债务人debtor 相对人counterpart; offeree 给付give; pay 债务debt; liability; obligati on 债务的偿还payment of debt 债务的偿清discharge of debt 债务的担保guarantee of debt 债务的合并consolidation of debt 债务的给付日期debt maturity 债务的免除exemption of debt 债的分类obligatio; obligati on 法定之债legal obligati on任意之债voluntary obligation 简单之债simple obligati on 选择之债alter native obligati on 主债prime/principal obligation 从债accessory obligation 单一之债si ngle obligati on 按份之债several obligati on 连带之债joi nt obligati on 特定之债certain obligation 种类之债in defi nite obligati on合同之债con tractual obligati on 侵权行为之债tort obligation 损害赔偿之债obligati on of compe nsati on for injury; obligati on of damages 人身损害damage to person精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage 医药费hospital treatment expense 医疗费medical charge 抚恤金pension慰问金consolation money 产品瑕疵defect of product 不当得禾unjust enrichment 无因管理voluntary service 债的担保guara ntee of obligati on 财产担保property guarantee 信用担保credit guarantee 让与担保alienation guarantee 保证guaranty 明示保证express guaranty 默示保证implied guaranty 保证人guarantor保证合同con tract of guara nty/suretyship 保证金guaranty bond; security deposit 押金deposit; foregift 预付款advaneed payment 定金earnest money; deposit 违约金liquidated damages 法定违约金liquidated damages by law 约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement 债的履行performanee of obligation 实际履行原则doctrine of specificperforma nee情事变更原贝U doctri ne of cha nge of circumsta nces不当履行misfeasanee清偿discharge; satisfaction提存debtor' s submission of the subject matter of obligati on to compete nt authority抵销setoff知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护intern ati onal protecti on of in tellectual property国民待遇原贝U doctri ne of n ati onal treatme nt 优先权原贝U a right of priority doctrine 自动保护原贝U doctri ne of automatic protecti on 特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectual property著作权copyright版权copyright著作权人copyright owner仓M乍creation作品opus; product; work著作人格权right of personality of copyright 发表权right of publication署名权right of authorship; right of paternity 修改权right of modification; right of revision 完整性保持权right to mai nta in in tegrity 不可侵犯权inviolability收回权right of recall; right of retrieval自费出版publish a book at the author s own expense著作财产权property right in work 使用收益分享权right to share usufruct 禾U用权right to make use of获得报酬权right to get payment 重播权right of rebroadcasting 录制权right of fixation机械复制权right of mecha no graph; right of mecha ni cal reproduct ion著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright 剽窃plagiary; plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCD pirated VCD伪造forge工业产权in dustrial property专禾U权pate nt right优先权日priority date申请在先原贝U prior applicati on rule使用在先priority of use 新颖性novelty创」造性creativity实用性practicability发明创造invention and creation实用新型utility model夕卜观设计desig n; in dustrial desig n发明权right of invention 发现权right of discovery 专禾申请pate nt applicati on 专禾异议objection to a pate nt 专禾U公告pate nt gazette 专禾续展费ren ewal fee of pate nt 专禾许可协议pate nt lice nsing agreeme nt技术诀窍know-how专有技术know-how专利证书certificate of pate nt专利事务所pate nt office专禾U代理pate nt age ncy中华人民共和国专利局Pate nt Office of the People' s Republic of China商标权trademark right商标国际注册intern ati onal registrati on of trademark商品商标commodity trademark服务商标service trademark驰名商标reputed trademark广告商标advertisement trademark近似商标similar trademark商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board商标审查trademark exam ination商标侵权trademark infringement商标注册registered trademark商标公告trademark gazette注册商标使用许可lice nsing of registered trademark注册商标转让assignment of registered trademark商标使用许可协议trademark lice nsing agreeme nt商标事务所trademark office商标代理trademark agency婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage, family, in herita nee, adopti on婚姻法marital law; marriage law包办婚姻arranged marriage财产分割partition; dismemberment of property 重婚bigamy独生子女only child法律婚legal marriage非婚生子女illegitimate child夫妻共同财产com munity property夫妻关系con jugal relatio nship夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board复婚resumption of marriage感情破裂in compatibility婚后财产公证notarization of postnuptial properties婚姻登记marriage registration婚生子女ligitimate child计划生育birth control结女昏marry离婚divorce买卖婚姻mercenary marriage拟制血亲blood relations in fiction of law旁系血亲collateral relation blood relation 涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements 酉己偶spouse事实婚de facto marriage 诉讼离婚divorce by litigation探视权visitation right同居cohabitation晚婚late marriage无效婚姻void marriage协议离婚divorce by agreement 一夫一妻制9 mono gamy 早婚early marriage 直系血亲lineal descent 自然血亲natural blood relation 收养法adoption law 收养协议adoption agreement 收养人adoptive pare nt 送养人person or institution placing out a child for adopti on涉外收养adoption with foreign elements 继承法inheritanee law; law of succession 法定继承legal seccession 遗嘱继承in testate successi on 遗赠继承succession by devise 自然继承natural succession 代位继承representation; succession by subrogati on世袭继承hereditary succession 间接继承in direct successi on 转继承subsuccession 共同继承joint succession 单独继承single succession 继承人heir; successor 第二顺序继承人successor sec ond in order 第一顺序继承人successor first in order 继承参与人succession participant 遗产inheritanee; heritage 遗产继承人heir to property; in heritor遗言last will and testament遗书last words遗赠bequest; legacy; devise遗赠抚养协议legacy-support agreeme nt会计法accounting law税法tax law; taxation law反不正当竞争法an ti-un fair competiti on law 消费者权益保护法con sume' s in terest protecti on law产品责任法product ion liability law消费者权益法con sumer rights and in terests law公司法company law; corporate law公司company; corporation有限责任公司limited liability compa ny 股份有限公司compa ny limited by shares 无限公司unlimited company股份两合公司joint stock limited liabilitypart nership两合公司joint liability company控股公司holding company集团公司group company合资公司joint venture company联营公司associated company; affiliated compa ny国营公司state-own company国有公司state-owned company民营公司civilian-run company本国公司national/domestic company外国公司foreign company上市公司listed company 母公司pare nt compa ny 子公司subsidiary皮包公司briefcase company; fundlesscompa ny募集设立incorporation by stock floatation 发起人floater; initiator公司名称name of company公司住址domicile of company出资contribution; capital subscription 现金出资investment in cash 实物出资investment in kind 工业产权出资inv estme nt in in dustrial property right非专有技术出资investment in non-patent tech no logy劳务出资investment in labor高新技术成果出资inv estme nt in hi-tech achieveme nts注册资本registered capital实缴资本paid-in capital验资报告capital verification report 会计师事务所certified public accountants 注册会计师certified public accountant 资本三原贝U three doctrine of capital 资本确定原则doctri ne of capital determ in ati on资本维持原贝U doctrine of capital maintenance 资本不变原贝U doctri ne of un cha nging capital 最低资本额制度mi nimum capital system 公司章程articles of association; articles ofin corporati on; bylaw公司登记incorporation; corporate registration 公司存续existenee of company 公司合并分立merger and split of compa ny 公司并购corporate merger and acquisition 公司管理corporate governance; company man ageme nt 公司法律顾问corporate coun sel 公司整顿company rectification 公司歇业closure of bus iness 公司和:解company composition 公司解散company dissolution 公司清算company liquidation 公司清理company winding-up 竞业禁止non-commpete; competition prohibiti on 招股章程prospectus 股本stock capital 股东shareholder 股东大会shareholders meeting 股东大会决议resoluti on of shareholders meet ing 股东大会议事规则rule of procedure of shareholders meet ing 表决权voting right; right to vote 董事director董事长president/chairman of the board 首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO) 首席运营官chief operation officer(COO) 执行董事executive director 常务董事managing director董事会board of directors董事会领导下的经理负责制respo nsibility system of the chief executive officer un der the leadership of the board of directors 经理独立负责制man ager in depe ndent resp on sibility system 监事supervisor监事会board of supervisors股share; stock普通股com mon stock特别股special stock资格股qualification stock优先股preferred stock劣后股inferior stock表决权股stock with voting power溢价股premium stock折价股converting stock国家股state-owned share 集体股collective share法人股corporate share 企业股enterprise share个人股in dividual share股息divide nd红股bonus stock; divide nd stock法定公积金legal accumulation fund资本公积金capital accumulation fund 盈余公积金surplus accumulation fund 任意公积金optional accumulation fund 公司犯罪corporate crime证券法securities law 证券发行issuanee of securities证券上市list securities; float an issue 证券交易所stock exchange 证券商securities dealer证券公司securities company证券承销商consortium of underwriters 证券承销合同un derwrit ing con tract 证券经纪人securities broker 披露制度disclosing system 交害H 日closing date风险投资基金venture capital fund 上海证券交易所Shan ghai Stock Excha nge 深圳证券交易所She nzhen Stock Excha nge 证券监督委员会securities supervisi on committee票据法law of negotiable instrument 票据notes; bills; commercial instruments 商业票据bill; commercial instrument 远期票据time bill;; long-dated bill 到期票据matured bill 即期票据sight bill记名票据bill payable to order; note to order 不记名票据bearer instrument本票promissory note支票cheque汇票bill of exchange发票日ticket day出票日date of draft/issue发票地place of draft/issue 票据到期日bill to mature 票据金额sum of bill票面价额face value 票据出票人drawer 票据持票人bill holder 票据承兑人bill acceptor 票据行为act on commercial paper 承兑票据honor a bill 票据议付negotiation 拒付票据protest a bill 票据付款人drawee 票据支付人payer on commercial instrument 票据收款人bill collector 票据背书人endorser/indorser of a bill 被背书人endorsee 票据保证人bill guarantor 票据被保证人bill pledgee/warra ntee 再追索人renewed recourser 前手remote holder 后手subsequent endorser 票据权利right of bill 票据期限term of bill; tenor票据债务人debtor of commercial instrument 追索权right of recourse 票据抗辩exception to bill 票据丧失loss of bill票据时效prescription of exchanges票据贴现discount of bill 再贴现rediscount of bill 恩惠期间term of benevolenee 票据代理agency for notes/bills/commercial in strume nts 海商法maritime law船舶国籍证书certificate of registry; certificate of ship' s n atio nality 船棋国flag country船舶所有权证书certificate of ship ownership 船舶检验register of ship 船舶保险in sura nee on hull 船舶保险单hull in sura nee policy 船舶登记证书certificate of registry 船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships 船舶进港费groundage 船舶抵押ship mortgage 船舶租赁ship chartering 船舶转租ship subchartering 船舶所有人责任限制l imitation of liabilitiesof ship owners船舶碰撞ship collision船舶遇难maritime distress 海上灾难perils of the sea 海上拖航marine towage 船舶扣押detention of ship 船舶债权ship' s credit 船级社classification society 船级证书certificate of class 海上留置权maritime lien 船舶留置权maritime lien 船舶抵押权maritime mortgage 海上优先请求权priority claim to seago ing ships 救助优先权priority claim to salvage 共同海损优先权priority claim to generalaverage服务优先权priority claim to service 货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit 海运合同shipping contract 提单bill of lad in g(B/L) 空舱费dead freight 租船费charterage 租船合同charter-party con tract of affreightme nt 期租船合同time charter-party; time CP 航次租船合同voyage charter-party 定期租船合同time charter-party 光船租船合同bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP包租运输合同shipp ing charter-party 海上旅客运输合同con tract for carriage of passe ngers by sea远洋拖带合同contract of ocea n towage 港内拖带合同contract of port towage 海难救助合同salvage con tract 海事报告master' s protest;; sea protest 海事声明书sea protest 海事争议maritime dispute 海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court 海事诉讼程序maritime proceedi ngs 船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civil jurisdiction of sea collisi on船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权crimi naljurisdicti on of sea collisio n海事争议的审理heari ng/trial of maritime disputes海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritime attachme nt 海事优先请求权prefere ntial right top maritime claim 海事请求保全申请书applicati on/petiti on for maritime attachme nt 海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legalin strume nts in maritime acti on/proceed ings 涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdict ion of maritime acti on involving for eleme nts 强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distra ined ship 海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitrati on procedure保险法in sura nee law自愿保险voluntary in sura nee 强制保险compulsory in sura nee 商业保险commercial in sura nee 财产保险property in sura nee 人身保险pers onal in sura nee 人寿保险life in sura nee 健康保险health in sura nee 意外保险accide nt in sura nee 社会保险social in sura nee 养老保险en dowme nt in sura nee 医疗保险medical in sura nee 失业保险un employme nt in sura nee 信用保险credit in sura nee保证保险guara nty in sura nee保险合同in sura nee eon tract保险人in surer; un derwriter被保险人the insured受益人benificiary投保人applica nt for in sura nee;; policy holder 保险单in sura nee policy 保险标的in sura nee object保险费premium保险期限time limit of in sura nee保险禾U益insurable interest保险金额in sura nee; in sura nee compe nsati on 保险事故in sura nee accide nt保险赔偿in sura nee in dem nity 保险代理人in sura nee age nt 保险经纪人in sura nee broker 索赔claim代位索赔claim by subrogation理赔settlement of claim代位求偿权right of subrogation委付abandonment退保can cellati on/dischargi ng of in sura nee。

法律英语翻译(一)

法律英语翻译：法律翻译常用词汇注释（D-K）翻译法律文件时，有些专用词不知道怎么翻，或者不确定最准确、最专业的译法是什么，确实让人苦恼。

这里有法律翻译中常见词的中文注释，按字母排序，方便查找。

DDamagesdamages在法律英语中表示损害赔偿金，要注意用的是复数形式，如果用单数，则表示损害。

如incidental damages 附带损害consequential damages 间接损害claim damages for the breach of contract．因违约要损害赔偿金等。

Debenturedebenture的意思是债券，通常指的是无担保债券。

如bank debenture 金融债券bearer debenture 不记名债券coupon bank debenture 附息票金融债券customs debenture 海关退税凭单等。

Declarationdeclaration在法律英语中常用作申报，如customs declaration报关，export declaration出口申报，income tax declaration个税申报等。

Decree法庭判令。

法庭聆讯后所作出的判令，可以分成暂时性判令“decree nisi” 和永久性判令“decree absolute”，常见于离婚呈请的程序。

一般而言，法庭颁出decree nisi后，在指定的期限过后，除非收到反对，否则都会颁出永久判令。

Deed契约。

是一种特别的合约，须要经过当事人签署、盖章并送交对方才算有效，契约上的盖章在法律上被视为一种有效的约因。

Defamation诽谤。

非法破坏他人名誉的行为，口头的毁谤和以书面的永久形式诽谤都可以构成民事索偿的理据或者刑事罪行。

Defence抗辩。

刑事或民事案件中的被告，否认有关的指控或申索，同时提出反对的支持事实。

Delegatedelegate在法律英语中的意思是转让，通常指义务的转让，如：In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”), the consent of the creditors shall be obtained for the delegation of obligations to become effective.根据中华人民共和国（以下称“中国”）法律，义务的转让须取得债权人的同意方可生效。

法律英语翻译(1)

assign or transfer 转让 Remise, release, and forever discharge 让渡；放弃 acknowledge and confess 承认 terms and conditions 条款 null and void 无效；失效
法律英语翻译(1)
法律英语句子的特点
shall not constitute a waiver; shall not be deemed a consent; including but not limited to… nothing contained herein shall…
法律英语翻译(1)
法律英语词汇的特点
8. 大量使用累赘词以表达单一的法律概念
法律英语翻译(1)
法律英语词汇的特点
解释：
Ex 1. He was awarded （判给）$500 damages（损害赔偿）for the injury he suffered in the accident.
法律英语翻译(1)
法律英语词汇的特点
Ex. 2. 1) The testator died without issue（子女）. 2) Parties must wait for process（传票）to
provisions of the Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China；
法律英语翻译(1)
法律英语句子的特点
or (ii) to effectuate necessary adjustments in order to preserve each Party’s economic benefit under this Agreement on a basis no less favorable than the economic benefit it would have received if such law, regulation, decree or rule had not been adopted, amended, repealed or so interpreted or implemented.

法律英语词汇大全(完美版)

法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为ac不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right 同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right 亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus 完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household 合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment 个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment 国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise 中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act 双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act 法律翻译公司诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act 要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act 要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term 生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death 准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others’precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent 再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation 时效中断interruption oflimitation/prescription时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility 刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault 推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness 过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things 主物res capitalis; a principal thing从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing 孳息fruits天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership使用权right of use; right to use of收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession按份共有several possession共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena用益物权real right for usufruct使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land林权forest ownership采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power of management承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权servitude; easement人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude 担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage抵押人mortgagor抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage 抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage 抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage 抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage抵押权的消灭extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage 抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage抵押优先权priority of mortgage 留置权lien一般留置权general lien特别留置权special lien质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge佃权tenant right债权jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right债权人creditor债务人debtor相对人counterpart; offeree给付give; pay债务debt; liability; obligation债务的偿还payment of debt债务的偿清discharge of debt债务的担保guarantee of debt债务的合并consolidation of debt债务的给付日期debt maturity债务的免除exemption of debt债的分类obligatio; obligation法定之债legal obligation任意之债voluntary obligation简单之债simple obligation选择之债alternative obligation主债prime/principal obligation从债accessory obligation单一之债single obligation按份之债several obligation连带之债joint obligation特定之债certain obligation种类之债indefinite obligation合同之债contractual obligation侵权行为之债tort obligation损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages人身损害damage to person精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage医药费hospital treatment expense医疗费medical charge抚恤金pension慰问金consolation money产品瑕疵defect of product不当得利unjust enrichment无因管理voluntary service债的担保guarantee of obligation财产担保property guarantee信用担保credit guarantee让与担保alienation guarantee保证guaranty明示保证express guaranty默示保证implied guaranty保证人guarantor保证合同contract of guaranty/suretyship保证金guaranty bond; security deposit押金deposit; foregift预付款advanced payment定金earnest money; deposit违约金liquidated damages法定违约金liquidated damages by law约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement 债的履行performance of obligation实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance情事变更原则doctrine of change of circumstances不当履行misfeasance清偿discharge; satisfaction提存debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority抵销setoff知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护international protection of intellectual property国民待遇原则doctrine of national treatment 优先权原则 a right of priority doctrine自动保护原则doctrine of automatic protection 特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectual property著作权copyright版权copyright著作权人copyright owner创作creation作品opus; product; work著作人格权right of personality of copyright 发表权right of publication署名权right of authorship; right of paternity修改权right of modification; right of revision 完整性保持权right to maintain integrity不可侵犯权inviolability收回权right of recall; right of retrieval自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense著作财产权property right in work使用收益分享权right to share usufruct利用权right to make use of获得报酬权right to get payment重播权right of rebroadcasting录制权right of fixation机械复制权right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright 剽窃plagiary; plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCD pirated VCD伪造forge工业产权industrial property专利权patent right优先权日priority date申请在先原则prior application rule使用在先priority of use新颖性novelty创造性creativity实用性practicability发明创造invention and creation实用新型utility model外观设计design; industrial design发明权right of invention发现权right of discovery专利申请patent application专利异议objection to a patent专利公告patent gazette专利续展费renewal fee of patent专利许可协议patent licensing agreement 技术诀窍know-how专有技术know-how专利证书certificate of patent专利事务所patent office专利代理patent agency中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China商标权trademark right商标国际注册international registration of trademark商品商标commodity trademark服务商标service trademark驰名商标reputed trademark广告商标advertisement trademark近似商标similar trademark商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board商标审查trademark examination商标侵权trademark infringement商标注册registered trademark商标公告trademark gazette注册商标使用许可licensing of registered trademark注册商标转让assignment of registered trademark商标使用许可协议trademark licensing agreement商标事务所trademark office商标代理trademark agency婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage, family,inheritance, adoption婚姻法marital law; marriage law包办婚姻arranged marriage财产分割partition; dismemberment of property重婚bigamy独生子女only child法律婚legal marriage非婚生子女illegitimate child夫妻共同财产community property夫妻关系conjugal relationship夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board复婚resumption of marriage感情破裂incompatibility婚后财产公证notarization of postnuptial properties婚姻登记marriage registration婚生子女ligitimate child计划生育birth control结婚marry离婚divorce买卖婚姻mercenary marriage拟制血亲blood relations in fiction of law 旁系血亲collateral relation blood relation 涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements 配偶spouse事实婚de facto marriage诉讼离婚divorce by litigation探视权visitation right同居cohabitation 晚婚late marriage无效婚姻void marriage协议离婚divorce by agreement一夫一妻制monogamy早婚early marriage直系血亲lineal descent自然血亲natural blood relation收养法adoption law收养协议adoption agreement收养人adoptive parent送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption涉外收养adoption with foreign elements继承法inheritance law; law of succession法定继承legal seccession遗嘱继承intestate succession遗赠继承succession by devise自然继承natural succession代位继承representation; succession by subrogation世袭继承hereditary succession间接继承indirect succession转继承subsuccession共同继承joint succession单独继承single succession继承人heir; successor第二顺序继承人successor second in order第一顺序继承人successor first in order继承参与人succession participant遗产inheritance; heritage遗产继承人heir to property; inheritor遗言last will and testament遗书last words遗赠bequest; legacy; devise遗赠抚养协议legacy-support agreement会计法accounting law税法tax law; taxation law反不正当竞争法anti-unfair competition law 消费者权益保护法consumer’s interest protection law产品责任法production liability law消费者权益法consumer rights and interests law公司法company law; corporate law公司company; corporation有限责任公司limited liability company股份有限公司company limited by shares无限公司unlimited company股份两合公司joint stock limited liability partnership两合公司joint liability company控股公司holding company集团公司group company合资公司joint venture company联营公司associated company; affiliated company国营公司state-own company国有公司state-owned company民营公司civilian-run company本国公司national/domestic company外国公司foreign company 上市公司listed company母公司parent company子公司subsidiary皮包公司briefcase company; fundless company募集设立incorporation by stock floatation发起人floater; initiator公司名称name of company公司住址domicile of company出资contribution; capital subscription现金出资investment in cash实物出资investment in kind工业产权出资investment in industrial property right非专有技术出资investment in non-patent technology劳务出资investment in labor高新技术成果出资investment in hi-tech achievements注册资本registered capital实缴资本paid-in capital验资报告capital verification report会计师事务所certified public accountants注册会计师certified public accountant资本三原则three doctrine of capital资本确定原则doctrine of capital determination资本维持原则doctrine of capital maintenance 资本不变原则doctrine of unchanging capital 最低资本额制度minimum capital system公司章程articles of association; articles ofincorporation; bylaw公司登记incorporation; corporate registration 公司存续existence of company公司合并分立merger and split of company 公司并购corporate merger and acquisition公司管理corporate governance; company management公司法律顾问corporate counsel公司整顿company rectification公司歇业closure of business公司和解company composition公司解散company dissolution公司清算company liquidation公司清理company winding-up竞业禁止non-commpete; competition prohibition招股章程prospectus股本stock capital股东shareholder股东大会shareholders’meeting股东大会决议resolution of shareholders’meeting股东大会议事规则rule of procedure of shareholders’meeting表决权voting right; right to vote董事director董事长president/chairman of the board首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO)首席运营官chief operation officer(COO)执行董事executive director常务董事managing director 董事会board of directors董事会领导下的经理负责制responsibility system of the chief executive officer under the leadership of the board of directors经理独立负责制manager independent responsibility system监事supervisor监事会board of supervisors股share; stock普通股common stock特别股special stock资格股qualification stock优先股preferred stock劣后股inferior stock表决权股stock with voting power溢价股premium stock折价股converting stock国家股state-owned share集体股collective share法人股corporate share企业股enterprise share个人股individual share股息dividend红股bonus stock; dividend stock法定公积金legal accumulation fund资本公积金capital accumulation fund盈余公积金surplus accumulation fund任意公积金optional accumulation fund公司犯罪corporate crime证券法securities law证券发行issuance of securities证券上市list securities; float an issue证券交易所stock exchange证券商securities dealer证券公司securities company证券承销商consortium of underwriters证券承销合同underwriting contract证券经纪人securities broker披露制度disclosing system交割日closing date风险投资基金venture capital fund上海证券交易所Shanghai Stock Exchange 深圳证券交易所Shenzhen Stock Exchange 证券监督委员会securities supervision committee票据法law of negotiable instrument票据notes; bills; commercial instruments商业票据bill; commercial instrument远期票据time bill;; long-dated bill到期票据matured bill即期票据sight bill记名票据bill payable to order; note to order 不记名票据bearer instrument本票promissory note支票cheque汇票bill of exchange发票日ticket day出票日date of draft/issue发票地place of draft/issue票据到期日bill to mature票据金额sum of bill 票面价额face value票据出票人drawer票据持票人bill holder票据承兑人bill acceptor票据行为act on commercial paper承兑票据honor a bill票据议付negotiation拒付票据protest a bill票据付款人drawee票据支付人payer on commercial instrument 票据收款人bill collector票据背书人endorser/indorser of a bill被背书人endorsee票据保证人bill guarantor票据被保证人bill pledgee/warrantee再追索人renewed recourser前手remote holder后手subsequent endorser票据权利right of bill票据期限term of bill; tenor票据债务人debtor of commercial instrument 追索权right of recourse票据抗辩exception to bill票据丧失loss of bill票据时效prescription of exchanges票据贴现discount of bill再贴现rediscount of bill恩惠期间term of benevolence票据代理agency for notes/bills/commercial instruments海商法maritime law船舶国籍证书certificate of registry; certificate of ship’s nationality船棋国flag country船舶所有权证书certificate of ship ownership 船舶检验register of ship船舶保险insurance on hull船舶保险单hull insurance policy船舶登记证书certificate of registry船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships船舶进港费groundage船舶抵押ship mortgage船舶租赁ship chartering船舶转租ship subchartering船舶所有人责任限制limitation of liabilities of ship owners船舶碰撞ship collision船舶遇难maritime distress海上灾难perils of the sea海上拖航marine towage船舶扣押detention of ship船舶债权ship’s credit船级社classification society船级证书certificate of class海上留置权maritime lien船舶留置权maritime lien船舶抵押权maritime mortgage海上优先请求权priority claim to seagoing ships救助优先权priority claim to salvage共同海损优先权priority claim to general average服务优先权priority claim to service货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit海运合同shipping contract提单bill of lading(B/L)空舱费dead freight租船费charterage租船合同charter-party contract of affreightment期租船合同time charter-party; time CP航次租船合同voyage charter-party定期租船合同time charter-party光船租船合同bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP包租运输合同shipping charter-party海上旅客运输合同contract for carriage of passengers by sea远洋拖带合同contract of ocean towage港内拖带合同contract of port towage海难救助合同salvage contract海事报告master’s protest;; sea protest海事声明书sea protest海事争议maritime dispute海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court海事诉讼程序maritime proceedings船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civil jurisdiction of sea collision船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminaljurisdiction of sea collision海事争议的审理hearing/trial of maritime disputes海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritime attachment海事优先请求权preferential right top maritime claim海事请求保全申请书application/petition for maritime attachment海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distrained ship海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitration procedure保险法insurance law自愿保险voluntary insurance强制保险compulsory insurance商业保险commercial insurance财产保险property insurance人身保险personal insurance人寿保险life insurance健康保险health insurance意外保险accident insurance社会保险social insurance养老保险endowment insurance医疗保险medical insurance失业保险unemployment insurance 信用保险credit insurance保证保险guaranty insurance保险合同insurance contract保险人insurer; underwriter被保险人the insured受益人benificiary投保人applicant for insurance;; policy holder 保险单insurance policy保险标的insurance object保险费premium保险期限time limit of insurance保险利益insurable interest保险金额insurance; insurance compensation 保险事故insurance accident保险赔偿insurance indemnity保险代理人insurance agent保险经纪人insurance broker索赔claim代位索赔claim by subrogation理赔settlement of claim代位求偿权right of subrogation委付abandonment退保cancellation/discharging of insurance。

法律英语汉译英

法律英语汉译英（专业词汇部分）Unit One第一课美国联邦下的法律1.成文法statutory law★2.普通法common law3.判例法case law4.立法机构legislature5.法院court6.宪法Constitution7.立法权law-making power8.私法private law9.合同法contract law10.侵权法tort law11.商法business law12.公司法corporate governance law13.专利和版权patent and copyright14.合同/契约争议contractual disputes15.刑事案件criminal case16.民事案件civil case17.民事侵权诉讼civil tort actions18.家庭法family law19.法律选择choice of law20.多个司法管辖区multi-jurisdiction21.诉讼litigation/lawsui t/suit/action★22.实体权substantive right23.准据法/适用法applicable/governing/proper law★24.签订conclude25.证券欺诈案件 a case include claims of securities fraud26.履行perform27.履行地performance28.受理/处理案件to hear the case★29.原告plaintiff★30.被告defendant★31.与合同最密切联系most involved with the contract32.选择法庭choice of forum第二课双重法院体系1.司法的judicial2.初审法庭trial court3.终审法院court of last resort★4.上诉法院court of appeals5.上诉，申诉appeal…to6.证人witness7.证据evidence8.陪审团jury9.查明事实的人，事实发现者fact-finder10.上诉的，有权受理上诉的appellate11.遗嘱probate12.小额诉讼法院small claims court13.律师attorney14.程序procedure15.提出（申请）file★16.申请小额索赔file claims for small sums of money17.定罪conviction★18.仲裁人，公断人，裁决人arbiter19.最高法院the Supreme Court20.先例procedureUnit Two第一课抗辩制1.上诉人appellant2.被上诉人appellee3.诉由,案由cause of action★4.向某人提起诉讼，到法院告某人to bring an action/lawsuit against sb.5.第三那人被告third-party defendant6.庭审程序trial procedure★7.英美法系国家的司法程序Anglo-American judicial procedure8.认定事实find the fact9.证据submission10.抗辩制adversary system11.提起诉讼begin suit12.界定争议shape the issues13.出示证据produce evidence14.争议当事人parties to the controversy15.纠问的inquisitorial16.庭前调查pre-trial investigation17.大陆法传统civil law tradition18.庭辩风格style of presentation and argument19.有利害关系的当事人interested parties第二课开启一个诉讼1.起诉sue2.诉讼当事人litigant3.司法救济，救济；减轻，缓解relief4.提供法律救助to furnish a relief5.纠正，补偿redress6.诉诸法院bring to court★7.和解settlement★8.仲裁arbitration9.自力救济self-help10.搁置纠纷let matters rest11.损害赔偿damages★12.实际履行specific performance13.对事管辖权jurisdiction over the subject matter14.对人管辖权jurisdiction over the parties15.管辖权jurisdiction16.违约之诉damages for breach of contract17.法庭forum18.最低限度联系minimum contacts19.实体公正substantial justice20.审判地venue21.规定（援引法条）provide/read第三课诉状和对抗诉状的动议1.诉状pleading2.起诉状complaint3.向法院提交诉讼状或答辩状/办理立案to file a pleading/lawsuit with the court4.陈述，阐明to set forth5.书记员clerk6.传票summons7.出具传票to issue a summons8.向某人送达传票、起诉书、法律文书to serve a summons, complaint, legal document on sb.9.通知notify10.同意出庭an entry of appearance11.指控，声称allegation12.成为争议问题put in issue13.积极抗辩affirmative defense14.反诉counterclaim15.(用辩解)减轻extenuate16.未到庭，未履行义务to be in default17.驳回dismiss18.传票送达service of process/service of summons19.法律上的充分性legal sufficiency20. 提出异议，反对challenge第四课调查取证1.庭前取证，调查pre-trial discovery2.录取证词，宣誓证明depose3.证词笔录,书证deposition4.宣誓under oath5.书面质询written interrogatories6.人身伤害案件personal injury case7.保持中立take no part8.意外因素surprise element9.争议controversy10.律师counsel11.庭前会议pretrial conference12.即决判决，简易判决summary judgment13.书证，书面陈述affidavit14.提出请求即决判决的动议make a motion for summary judgment15.（证据）允许提出的，可采纳的admissible16.扰乱对方harassment of an opponent17.要求对争议进行庭审的申请notice of trial/issue第五课庭审1.主张…..权利assert the right to2.将……列入陪审员名单impanel3.组成陪审团to impanel the jury4.绝对异议权peremptory challenge★5.候选陪审员prospective juror6.以明确的理由对陪审员候选人提出异议to challenge a prospective juror for cause7.发誓swear8.开案陈词make opening statements9.询问证人examine the witness10.出示文书produce the document11.证据，物证exhibit12.直接质证direct examination13.交叉质证cross examination14.不允许出示的证据inadmissible evidence15.举证完毕rest16.指令裁定（法官指令陪审团作出的裁定）directed verdict17.否决，驳回overrule18.（法官）对陪审团的指导jury instruction/jury charge/charge to the jury19.结案辩论final argument20.判决某人胜诉to enter a judgment for sb.21.判决某人败诉to enter a judgment against sb.22.举证责任burden of proof23.有分量的证据，占优势的证据preponderance of the evidence24.退庭retire25.（陪审团）未能达到足够多数人赞同的，未能做出决定的hung26.法官推翻陪审团才定的判决judgment notwithstanding the verdict(judgment n.o.v)27.达成裁定reach verdict第六课上诉和执行1.执行enforcement2.复审review3.中级法院intermediate court4.初审法院trial court5.下级法院lower court6.斟酌，自由裁量discretion7.由……斟酌决定，由…..自由裁量at the discretion of8.推翻原判，逆转reverse9.维持原判，确认，确信affirm10.认定事实determination in question11.上诉担保书appeal bond12.抄本，复本，文字记录transcript13.命令decree14.(不服下级法官判决)进行上诉to appeal from (a decision of a lower court)15.口头辩论oral argument16.判决（意见）书opinion17.败诉方losing party18.债权人creditor19.重新审理rehear20.执行令writ of execution21.行政司法长官，县治安官sheriff22.发回重审remand23.动产personal property24.判决债务人judgment debtor25.收益proceeds26.不动产real estate/real property27.未清偿判决债务由司法行政官主持的拍卖judicial sale28.留置权，扣留权lien29.对…..有司法留置权to have a judicial lien on30.留置，扣押（动词）garnish31.留置，扣押（名词）garnishment32.扣押（动词）attach33.扣押（名词）attachment。

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法律英语翻译
2020/11/24
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语研究的对象包括：
立法文件（legislative documentation）；司法文件（judicial documentation）；律师文书（documents prepared by lawyers）；
法律英语翻译[1]
具体来说有：法律、法规、条例、规章；判决、裁定；合同、协议、律师意见、案例等等。
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
2. 频繁使用当代普通英语极少使用的古旧词汇；
（译文）只要本保单符合本合同所设定的条件和备忘录的内容，且该条件和备忘录作为保单的一部分，而被保险人的所作所为遵守本保单约定的时间和条款，这一点是本合同的实质所在，同时也是被保险人承担本保单责任的先决条件。
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
若本协修改或废除任何法律、法规、法令或条例的任何条款，或对任何法律、法规、法令或条例给予不同的解释或采取不同的实施方法，导致与本协议相冲突，或对一方在本协议项下的经济利益造成实质性的不利影响，受到影响的一方经书面通知另一方后，对方应立即协商并决定是否
4. 大量使用大众词汇中比较陌生的法语词
• Estoppel 不得悔言； • Fee simple 无条件继承的不动产； • Esquire 律师； • Voire dire （考察证人或陪审员是否适合的）预
先审核；
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
5. 大量使用专业术语
burden of proof 举证责任； cause of action 案由； contributory negligence 混合疏忽； defendant 被告； due diligence 审慎调查； letters patent 专利证书。
assign or transfer 转让 Remise, release, and forever discharge 让渡；放弃 acknowledge and confess 承认 terms and conditions 条款 null and void 无效；失效
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
3. 频繁使用拉丁词：
• affidavit 宣誓陈述书; • alibi 不在犯罪现场; • bona fide 善意的; • in rem 对物（诉讼）; • inter alia 除了别的以外; • quorum 法定人数。
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
2. 被动语态和名词化结构
Unless otherwise provided for herein, failure or delay on the part of any party to exercise any right, power or privilege under this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege preclude further exercise thereof
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
or exercise of any other right, power or privilege. A waiver by one of the parties at any time of a breach of any term or provision of this Agreement committed by the other party shall not be construed as a waiver by such party of any subsequent breach to be committed by the other party, nor shall it be construed as a waiver by such party of its rights under such provision or any of its other rights under this Agreement.
shall not constitute a waiver; shall not be deemed a consent; including but not limited to… nothing contained herein shall…
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
8. 大量使用累赘词以表达单一的法律概念
法律英语翻译[1]
A Treaty
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语的特点 “庄重的” (solemn)； “刻板的” (rigid)；
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语的特点词汇特点；句子特点；
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
1. 经常使用的普通词并无普通词的意义；
Ex 1. He was awarded $500 damages for the injury he suffered in the accident.
issue from the court.
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
词汇
action
普通含义法律含义
行动
诉讼
offer
提供
要约
consideration 考虑
对价
hand
手
签名
instrument 仪器
法律文件
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
2. 频繁使用当代普通英语极少使用的古旧词汇；
1.结构复杂的长句
If, after the signing of this Agreement, the Chinese government either at the State, provincial, municipal or local level adopts any new law, regulation, decree or rule, amends or repeals any provision of any law, regulation, decree or rule, or adopts any different interpretation or method or implementation of any law, regulation, decree or rule,
法律英语词汇的特点 6.经常使用正式程度较高的词汇
普通用法 before after but explain
法律英语 prior to
含义以前
subsequent 以后
provided that 但是
construe
解释
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点 7. 试图以最精确的词语和形式表达法律概念
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
here words: hereafter, hereby, herein, hereinafter, hereinbefore, hereunder; there words: thereabout, thereafter, thereby, thereupon, therewith; where words: whereas, whereat, whereby, whereof; witnesseth; witness (in witness whereof); aforesaid; forthwith; said contract; thence; thenceforth.
provisions of the Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China；
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
or (ii) to effectuate necessary adjustments in order to preserve each Party’s economic benefit under this Agreement on a basis no less favorable than the economic benefit it would have received if such law, regulation, decree or rule had not been adopted, amended, repealed or so interpreted or implemented.
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语句子的特点
(i)根据《中华人民共和国合同法》的有关规定继续按照本协议的原条款履行本协议，或(ii)做出必要的调整，以保持各方在本协议下的经济利益，使之不逊于各方在该等法律、法规、法令或条例未通过、未修改、未废除、未做出不同的解释或未采取不同的实施方法之前所能获得的经济利益。
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点 5. 大量使用专业术语
tort 侵权； without prejudice 不损害； cause of action 诉讼理由； pierce the corporate veil 揭穿公司面纱； will and testament 遗嘱；
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语翻译[1]
法律英语词汇的特点
解释：
Ex 1. He was awarded （判给）$500 damages（损害赔偿）for the injury he suffered in the accident.

法律英语翻译[1]

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法律英语参考译文完整版Lesson1-16