词义的引申(英文)

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词义的选择引申和褒贬

词义的选择引申和褒贬

2、将带有特征性形象的词译 成该形象所代表的属性的词。
整理ppt
1) Rich and powerful, he always goosesteps on the street.
整理ppt
1) Goosestep的原义是从名词 “鹅步、正步” 转化而来的动 词,根据上下文引申,译成: “他有钱有势,在街上总是耀 武扬威,横行霸道。”
整理ppt
2)He is in critical condition, see-sawing between life and death.
整理ppt
2) See-saw原义是“跷跷 板”,这里引申译为:他的病 况危急,时好时坏,在生死之 间徘徊。
整理ppt
(二)具体化引申
整理ppt
语时一般作具体化引申。
整理ppt
2)He is a Shylock!
整理ppt
2) Shylock是莎士比亚笔下 的人物,其人刻薄歹毒,故该 句引申译为:他凶险狡诈。
整理ppt
Every life has its roses and thorns.
整理ppt
这里把玫瑰和刺引申,译为: “每个人的生活有苦有甜。”
整理ppt
整理ppt
2)他的学位成了他进入那家 公司获得高薪的敲门砖。
整理ppt
2. 英语中有些词在特定的上 下文中,含义是清楚的,但译 成汉语时还必须作具体化引申, 否则就不够清楚。
整理ppt
1) The car in front of me broke down and I missed the green.
整理ppt
She is a good Christian, a good parent, a good wife, a good daughter and a good teacher.

词义的引申ppt课件

词义的引申ppt课件
在杰纳勒尔夫人跟前,一个人的激情会变得麻 木不仁,热血也会变成掺了水的牛奶。
史密斯先生可以当个好秘书,因为他守口如瓶。
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
修辞引申
A large segment of mankind turns to untrammeled (自由自在)nature as a last refuge from encroaching (侵占,蚕 食)technology.
许多人都想向往回归自然,作为他们躲避现代技 术侵害的世外桃源。
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
a fly in the ointment(药膏) 一只老鼠坏了一锅汤 you can’t make bricks without straw 巧妇难为无米之炊 坯
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
Passion was to go to sleep in the presence of Mrs. General and blood was to change to milk and water.
商业中所有的服务——诸如礼品包装、送货以及 赊帐——都有相应的成本,而这些成本要靠较高
的价格来弥补。
篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛 时间里 得分多 少来决 定胜负 的,因 此,篮 球比赛 的计时 计分系 统是一 种得分 类型的 系统
2. 语用引申
定义:把原文里的弦外之音(implication)补译出 来,就属于语用学引申的手法。

翻译技巧——词义引申法

翻译技巧——词义引申法
பைடு நூலகம்
4.物类概念 物类概念
形象特征化引申
In fact, the Bavarian environment was so charged with Nazi sentiment throughout the 1920s that Hitler's storm troops goosestpped into power in Furth in1930…
词义引申法的 分类与特征
(categories & features) )
1.模糊形象表达 模糊形象表达
具体形象化引申
The fields ….. stretched themselves in their long winter sleep. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸展自己.? 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸展自己 伸展自己. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸伸脚. 田野要在漫漫的冬眠之中伸伸脚. 伸伸脚
原文: 原文: Again remarkably, and despite those limitations, the agency's ranks contained many highly-qualified, dedicated professionals. But inevitably there were others. The unsuccessful. The soured and alienated who preferred comparative solitude to meeting many people. The dedicated self-protectors, avoiding difficult decisions. Alcoholics. The unbalanced. (–Arthur Hailey: Strong Medicine) V1: 当然,尽管有上述不利,该局的雇员中仍引人注目地包 当然,尽管有上述不利, 括许多水平很高,但也不可避免地良莠混杂, 括许多水平很高,但也不可避免地良莠混杂,好些没混出名 堂的人, 堂的人,那些宁愿图个清静而不愿多接触人的失意者和落魄 那些很会保护自己,不愿作出困难决策的人, 者,那些很会保护自己,不愿作出困难决策的人,嗜酒成性 的人,以及神经不健全的人,混迹其间. 艾平等译) 的人,以及神经不健全的人,混迹其间.(艾平等译) V2: 尽管有上述那些不利条件,奇怪的是,这机构里确有不 尽管有上述那些不利条件 奇怪的是, 条件, 少业务精湛,忠于事业的专门人才.但是其他的人也必然存 少业务精湛,忠于事业的专门人才. 有不得志的,有失意的,有宁可离群索居的, 在.有不得志的,有失意的,有宁可离群索居的,有一心保 住自己,只求避免作出困难抉择的,有好酒贪杯的, 住自己,只求避免作出困难抉择的,有好酒贪杯的,有入不 敷出的.(王岱等译) .(王岱等译 敷出的.(王岱等译

词义的选择、引申、褒贬

词义的选择、引申、褒贬

词义引申(具体——抽象)
Grey hair should be respected(synecdoche) The pen is mightier than the sword. (metonymy) The invention of machinery had brought into the world a new era---the Industrial Age. Money had become King. (metonymy) 机器的发明使世界进入到一个新纪元即工业时 代,金钱成了主宰一切的权威。 He is a rolling stone. I don’t think he can go far. 他是个见异思迁的人,我想他不会有多大出息。
三、词义的褒贬
有些词义是中立的,本身不表示褒义或者贬义, 但在一定的上下文中可能有褒贬的意味. demanding He found that being a CEO was a demanding job. 他发现当首席执行官是个费力的工作。 As a demanding boss, he expected total loyalty and dedication from his employers. 他是个苛刻的老板,要求手下的人对他忠心耿 耿,鞠躬尽瘁。
小结(summary)
词义的选择: 根据词性来选择词义(word meaning) 根据上下文来选择词义(context) 根据搭配关系来选择词义(collocation)
二、词义的引申(extension)
引申的方法:抽象化引申 & 具体化引申 抽象化引申:具体——抽象 Do you think this dictionary of English is the supreme court in all matters concerning English words? 你认为这本英语词典是英语词汇的权威词典吗? See-sawing between partly good and faintly ominous, the news for the next four weeks was never distinct. 在那以后的四个星期内,消息时而部分有所好转,时而 又有点不妙,两种情况不断地交替出现,一直没有明朗 化。

翻译方法:词义的引申

翻译方法:词义的引申
42) 他每天要处理许多棘手的问题。
He has many hot potatoes to handle every day. 43) 他新雇来的女佣人懒的出奇,饭量倒是很大,真是一
个无用而又累赘的东西。
His newly employed woman servant was extremely lazy 11
10) do evil things openly 毫不隐讳地干坏事——明火执仗 11) very anxious to return home 回家 心切——归心似箭 12) accelerate the speed; speed up 快 上 加快——快马加鞭 13) have not cut off relations completely 没有彻底断绝关系——藕
5) I’ll break my neck to get this done by Friday, but I can’t promise for sure.
我一定要尽最大的努力在星期五以前完成此事,但我不能说定。
6) By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband.
3) He is a rolling stone. I don’t think he can go far.
他是个见异思迁的人,我想他不会有多大出息。
4) I must bare my heart to someone, or I shall go mad!
我一定要向人讲真心话,否则我会发疯的。
2
2. 词义的引申——词义抽象化
11)保密 12)被某人操纵 13)表露感情 14)吃的极少
15) jump out of one’s skin 16) walk on air 17) mend one’s fence 18) poke one’s nose into sth.

词义引申的两种方式

词义引申的两种方式

词义引申的两种方式一直以来,词义引申(word-sense extension)是语言学家和语言学研究者们最关注的话题之一。

词义引申是指将单词的原始含义拓展到新的语境下,从而实现正确的非原义语用。

词义引申的两种方式包括定义式引申(definition-style extension)和例句式引申(example-style extension)。

定义式引申是一种最基本的词义引申方式,通过为一个单词赋予新的语义来实现。

例如,把“苹果”这个单词的含义由一种水果扩展到苹果电脑,实现了定义式引申。

定义式引申通常会依据社会文化背景,实现基于原有词义的扩展,或者给一个已有的抽象概念增添新的具体内容,以便在不同文化背景的环境中尽可能清晰地表达意思。

例句式引申是一种更为复杂的词义引申方式,它被定义为命题的词义,指的是两个单词的相似字面意义可能会拓展到新的意义。

例如,将“彩虹”和“太阳”这两个单词关联在一起,由于它们具有相似的词义,所以可以把它们引入比喻语(metaphor),来表达新的概念或者话语。

例句式引申不仅可以拓展词义,而且也可以丰富语境范围,为话语提供更多的含义。

例句式引申可以实现从一种抽象概念到另一种抽象概念的跨度,以便表达出更为深刻的含义,比如把“爱”的含义从心灵的状态转换到现实行为的范畴,来表达更具体的含义。

此外,例句式引申也可以用来进行反向引申(converse extension),即将原有词义拓展到跨越文化背景和文学传统的不同方面来表达更多的含义。

比如,把“黑”这一词义拓展到“自由”的概念,就可以使用一种新的表述方式来表达“黑色的自由”这一概念。

总之,词义引申是一种十分强大的语言方式,可以用来实现非原义语用,从而更加充分地表达出说话者的情感和思想。

词义引申的两种方式,即定义式引申和例句式引申,各具特色,包括加强话语含义,增添新概念,用于反向引申等,具有深远的意义,能够为语言文字注入新的活力与灵性。

英语单词词义的引申例句

英语单词词义的引申例句

当一个英语单词的词义被引申时,它会在不同的语境中具有更深层次的含义。

以下是一些例子,包括对这些例句的详细解释和翻译:1. **Bridge**: The bridge not only connects two cities but also symbolizes the link between different cultures and generations.- Explanation: In its literal sense, a bridge is a structure that connects two physical locations. However, in a figurative sense, it can represent the connection or relationship between different people, places, or ideas.- Translation: 桥梁。

这座桥不仅连接了两个城市,还象征着不同文化和世代之间的纽带。

2. **Light**: Her smile lit up the room, bringing joy to everyone present.- Explanation: Light, in its literal sense, refers to illumination. Figuratively, it can represent something that brings brightness, happiness, or enlightenment to a situation or someone's life.- Translation: 光。

她的微笑照亮了整个房间,给在场的每个人带来了快乐。

3. **Window**: The novel provided a window into the protagonist's troubled mind, allowing readers to understand her thoughts and emotions.- Explanation: In a literal sense, a window is an opening in a wall that allows light to enter. Metaphorically, it can represent a perspective or insight into someone's inner world or experiences.- Translation: 窗户。

unit-5-词义的选择与引申-(1)

unit-5-词义的选择与引申-(1)

实用翻译策略与常用技巧Unit5 词义的选择和引申词义的选择和词义引申是翻译中最常用的翻译技巧。

也是英语翻译中最基础的工作,准确把握词义,并在必要时加以适度的引申,是保证译文质量的前提和基础。

一方面,英语和汉语各自都有丰富的词汇,各自的词义又极其繁复;另一方面,这两种语言差异巨大,其词义关系错综复杂,往往难以找到词义完全对应的词。

因此,在翻译中绝不能拘泥于自己所记忆的词典提供的基本释义,机械地用固定的汉语词替换对应的英语词。

正确的做法应当是,在掌握每一个单词基本释义的基础上,根据这个单词所处的语境,根据上下文提供的各种线索,判定其确切含义;同时,还需要按照汉语的表达习惯和汉语的搭配方式,选用恰当的词语表达这一意义。

一、词义的选择(the choice of word meanings)英语与世界上任何一种语言一样,都存在着一词多义的现象。

所谓一词多义,即是指同一个词在同一种词类中,具有几个不同的词义。

在英语与汉语中,很难找到一词一义的对应情况。

这就需要我们在翻译过程中理解英语原文中单词的意思,然后努力地寻找在汉语中与这个英语单词具有相同意义的常用表达方法。

就home这个词而言,大多数人都知道有“家”的意思。

但是,上下文不一样,home的翻译就完全不一样,如:I’ll see her home tonightIndia is the home of elephants.He’s at home with the classics.New homes are for sale.She’s at home where she is.Maternity home costs in America have gone up sharply.Much is produced here for home market.He looks on London as his home.由此可见,一词多义的现象在英语中十分普遍。

chapter 7 英汉翻译中的词义引申

chapter 7 英汉翻译中的词义引申

the news for the next four weeks was never distinct.


在接下来的四个星期里,消息时好时坏,两种 情况不断交替出现,一直没有明朗化。 (see-saw 在英文中本来是“玩跷跷板”之意, 但在这里如果直译,则译文就会不知所云,无 法同后面内容联系起来。因此,这里我们应该 透过原文的现象去抓住原文的精神实质。将 see-sawing 翻译成“不断交替出现”正是抓 住了精神实质。)
3. 由于这部影片造成了排山倒海的影响,它提供了最好 的契机来开始化解种族矛盾,经过相当长的时间使创伤 得以愈合。 (avalanche 的本义为a large mass of snow and ice crashing down the side of a mountain (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English) avalanche即“雪崩”。该词语的本义是具体的,但在 本例原文中是用于比喻意义。因此在翻译时,我们要透 过现象看本质。在这里,将该词翻译成汉语的“排山倒 海的影响”正是抓住了所描述事件的本质。)







tiger n. 虎 凶汉,暴徒;凶残成性的人 (穿制服的)马夫 [英口](网球比赛的)劲敌 [美](欢呼三声后)加喊的欢呼; 喝采尾声 虎的图象(以虎为标志的组织) 触发器 work like a tiger 生龙活虎地工作 tiger cat 【动】豹猫 three cheers and a tiger 三声欢呼一声吼 How can you catch tiger cubs without entering the tiger's lair? 不入虎穴, 焉得虎子?

英汉翻译中词义的引申

英汉翻译中词义的引申

转变视角
remind,
翻译
5.1逻辑引申
It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver's
seat is another matter altogether.
当然油箱里装满优质汽油倒是好事,但是驾驶室里要是坐
2. The administration was free from corruption.
3. We waited in suspense to hear the end of the ghost story.
4. It’s hard to begin any serious adult project because you know the kids are going to interrupt you in a few minutes—you can’t even count on nap time to read a book.
翻译
5.3 修辞引申——增加修辞色彩 1. Sea-sawing between partly good and faintly ominous, the news for the next four weeks was never distinct.
在接下来的四个星期里,消息时好时 坏,两种情况不断交替出现,一直没 有明朗化。
General Use: One of the major U.S. holiday shopping days. The day many U.S. consumers begin Christmas shopping. The day is heavily promoted by retailers.

英语翻译技巧之词义引申

英语翻译技巧之词义引申

英语翻译技巧之词义引申英语翻译技巧之词义引申引申是指从原词的内在含义出发,结合语境和译入语的表达习惯,在译文中对某些词作一定的语义调整,以达到忠实、通顺的目的。

英译汉时常常会遇到许多单词,按词典上给的词义来翻译,译文就会生硬难懂,甚至造成意思上的曲解。

(1)具体———抽象经典例题: Were it left to an American to decide whether they should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government,he should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.参考译文: 如果让一个美国人决定要没有言论自由的政府还是要言论自由而无政府的`国家,他会毫不犹豫地选择后者。

经典例题: There were times when emigration bottleneck was extremely rigid and nobody was allowed to leave the country out of his personal preference.分析: bottleneck本指“瓶颈”,由于具有使缓慢和阻滞的效果,因而被抽象地引申为“限制”。

参考译文: 过去有过这种情况: 移民限制极为严格,不许任何人出于个人考虑而迁居他国。

(2)抽象———具体经典例题: While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians,modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.参考译文: 几乎每个史学家对史学都有自己的界定,但现代史学家们的观点都趋向于认为史学是试图重现并阐明过去发生的重大事件。

英汉翻译中词义的引申

英汉翻译中词义的引申

3)修辞引申
• 翻译时,为了使译文 增色,除了真实再现 原文中包含的内容外, 有时还要运用修辞手 段,使译文增色,达 到“雅”的标准。
3)修辞引申
• 1) It is very much like communicating with an accurate robot who has a very small vocabulary and who takes everything literally. • 那很像同一丝不苟的机器人讲话那 样,机器人只有很少的词汇,而且 事事刻板。
1)逻辑引申 • 3) International trade occurs when a country does not have enough of a particular item to meet its needs. • 当一个国家对于某一种商品没 有足够的量来满足其需要时, 就需要有国家贸易。
1)逻辑引申
• 4) Exports and imports of goods between nations with different units of money introduce a new economic factor, the foreign exchange rate, which gives the price of the foreigners’ unit of money in terms of one’s own. • 在使用不同货币单位的国家之间进 行商品出口和进口会引出一个新的 经济因素,这便是外汇汇率。所谓 外汇汇率是指以自己国家的货币来 给外国货币标出的价格。
2. 句法层面上引申的分类
1)逻辑引申 2)语用引申 3)修辞性引申 4)概念范围的调整
1)逻辑引申

词义的引申

词义的引申

He earns scarcely enough money to keep body and soul together.
我一定要向人讲真话,否则我会发疯的。
他挣得钱几乎难以维持生计。
bare my heart 讲心里话(表露真情) keep body and soul together仅能维持生活
The old couple made a persistent effort to search for their daughter lost in the war. 这对年老的夫妇执着地寻找他们在战争中丢失的 女儿。 She was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone. 她被没完没了的电话铃声搞得心烦意乱。
I don't feel sorry for you; it serves you right. 我不替你感到遗憾;因为你活该。
The most unrealistic thing about romantic fiction is that [ˈherə ʊɪn] the heroine always marries Mr. Right and the hero always marries Miss Right. 浪漫小说中最不真实的事情就是:女主角总是嫁给了意 中人, 男主角总是娶到了心上人。
Choice of Words
根据词性确定意义
He hoped to be absolutely right about this issue. 他希望在这个问题上绝对正确无误。(形容词) I must answer that phone,but I’ll be back right away. 我得去接电话,马上就回来。(副词)

翻译的引申

翻译的引申

英汉翻译中词义的引申(体验英语3---Unit 1)1. 逻辑引申—几种情况1. 具体---抽象某些表示具体事物的词在翻译时可以进行抽象化引申Every life has its roses and thorns.每个人的生活都有甜有苦。

(译文中对rose,thorns进行了抽象化引申。

)抽象---具体具体化引申:有些代表抽象概念的词翻译时可以将词义进行具体化引申。

例:The administration was free from corruption. 政府没有腐败现象。

(句中corruption译为"腐败现象"更符合汉语习惯。

这届转变视角(逻辑引申逻辑引申- 根据逻辑关系意译)It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter altogether.当然油箱里装满优质汽油倒是好事,当然油箱里装满优质汽油倒是好事,但是驾驶室里要是坐着横冲直撞的司机就完全是另一回事了。

本句中tiger原义为"老虎",但在此处意指"标号高的优质汽油";本文是讲司机在马路上开车时的行为举止,故第二个不定式中的one (tiger),从上下文的逻辑意思看,无疑是指"横冲直撞的司机",相当于英语中的a reckless driver。

It is all very well (for sb. to do sth.),but ...意为"……当然可以……但……",例如:It's all very well for you to suggest a holiday in Italy, but how am I to find the money? (你提议去意大利度假的确很好,但我怎么去筹划这笔钱呢?)2. 抽象化引申1.Here the exporter’s assets (the money due from the overseas buyer) will always match his liability (his foreign currency borrowings). 这样,出口商的资产(应收海外买方的款项)和自己的债务(海外借款)之间总是保持平衡的。

词义的引申

词义的引申
firm.
• 一个富有进取心的年轻人在这家公司前途无量。
词义的引申(Extension)
词义的引申指的是在一个词所具有的原始意义 的基础上,根据上下文和逻辑关系进一步加以引申, 选择适当确切的译语词汇来表达,避免生搬硬套地 逐字死译,这样才能使译语更加通顺流畅。正如前 文所述,英语词义对上下文的依赖性强,可变性大, 因此词义引申在英译汉中尤为重要。
4. The United States began life as an independent country in 1776. [译文] 1776年,美国正式成为一个独立的 国家。
5. E-commerce has not yet been enthusiastically embraced. [译文] 电子商务至今没有受到人们热情的 拥护支持。
7. The most important role of a movie is to bridge differences. [译文1] 电影最重要的功能是沟通不同的文 化。 [译文2] 电影最重要的功能是在不同的文化 间架设沟通的桥梁。
8. The music industry is getting raided by the Internet because it is so easy to make unauthorized copies of songs. [译文] 因为网上未经授权即可很容易地翻 录歌曲,音像业受到因特网的冲击。
二.词义的引申
1. A recent survey revealed that the divorce rate has rocketed as women’s financial dependence on men has plummeted. [译文] 最近一项调查表明,随着妇女经济 上对于男性的依赖性大大减弱,离婚率直 线上升。

商务英语翻译---英汉翻译中词义的引申

商务英语翻译---英汉翻译中词义的引申

一、明喻
as busy as bee
as brave as lion
像蜜蜂一样忙碌
像狮子一样勇猛
as black as crow
as sharp as knife
像乌鸦一般黑
像刀一样锋利
• It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. • • 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动,好像伸出纤 细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
词义引申的层次
根据词义变化和调整的程度不同,也就是 根据引申义和本义的差异之大小,词义引 申可简单分为三个层次:近似、深化、升 华。 近似引申:指接近本义,但又不为本义所 限的引申; 深化引申:指赋予新义,但与本义在字面 上尚有蛛丝马迹的联系; 升华引申:出自本义但在字面上远离本义。
近似引申
And now for the good news: Stockholm residents enjoy sunbathing in November. Antarctic tourism is booming. Siberia has become the world’s breakfast.
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 Parallelism 排比, 平行 Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法 Allegory 讽喻,比方(原意“寓言”) Irony 反语 Pun 双关 Parody 仿拟 Rhetorical question 修辞疑问(反问) Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶 Paradox 隽语 Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻 Climax 渐进法,层进法 Anticlimax 渐降法

英译汉:词义的引申

英译汉:词义的引申

1.有些词在特定的上下文中,含义是清 楚的,但在译成汉语时还需作具体化引 申,否则就不够清楚。

The car in front of me stopped and I missed the green. 我前头的那辆车停住了,我错过了 绿灯。


2.用代表抽象概念或属性的词来表示一种 具体事物,译成汉语时一般可作具体化 引申。




Words once reserved for restroom walls are now common stuff in films, plays, books and even on television. 曾经是不登大雅之堂的言语,如今充斥于电影、 戏剧、书籍之中,甚至充斥在电视上。 He had lived all his life in desert where every cupful of water might be a matter of life and death. 他一直在沙漠上生活,这地方每一杯水都得精 打细算地用;一杯水可能是生死攸关的事。
The Extended Meaning of Words


众所周知,翻译是一种信息传递
的方式,即把一个原来用甲语言 表达的信息改用乙语言表达,使 不懂甲语言的人也获得同样的信 息。因此,翻译对接受者(听众或 读者)的效果,应该与原文对原文 接受者的效果基本相同。这就是 翻译的等效原则。

And now for the good news: Stockholm residents enjoy sunbathing in November. Antarctic tourism is booming. Siberia has become the world’s breakfast.

词义引申

词义引申

Selection and Extension of Word Meaning1. Selection of Word Meanings英语中一词多义的现象比较普遍。

翻译时,要在许多不同的词义中选一个最确切的词义,才能使译文正确。

词义选择一般从以下几个方面入手:I.Select word meanings according to parts of speeches. (根据词性选择词义)1. Microprocessors monitor tyre wear and brake power on cars. (v.)微机检测汽车轮胎的耐用性和制动力。

2. The patient was connected to a television wave monitor. (n.)病人情况通过波形监视器监视。

3. He likes making chemical experiments. (v.)他喜欢做化学实验。

4. Like charges repel each other, unlike charges attract. (adj.)同性电荷相斥,异性电荷相吸。

5. Like the human brain, a computer also has a memory where it can store vast quantities of information. (prep.)计算机像人脑一样,也有一个能储存大量信息的存储器。

6. I hope I can operate the machine like you do. (conj.)我希望能像你一样操纵机器。

7. Like enough, the ship will arrive in port. (ad.)这艘船很可能明天进港。

II. Select the word meanings according to the context. (根据上下文选择词义) 1. The country’s industry has developed quickly in the last decade.过去10年我国工业发展迅猛。

词义的引申

词义的引申

那个箱子又大又笨重, 那个箱子又大又笨重, 装的全是书; 装的全是书;不过他 随身携带的箱子却是 另一回事。 另一回事。
英语中有些词语在特定的上下文中, 英语中有些词语在特定的上下文中,其含义是 清楚的,但译成汉语时还必须作具体化的引申, 清楚的,但译成汉语时还必须作具体化的引申, 否则就不够清楚。 否则就不够清楚。 e.g. At twenty-five, he first learned what it was to be a teacher.
去罗斯的餐厅就餐,七 去罗斯的餐厅就餐, 年来已成了他生活中惯 年来已成了他生活中惯 常的事情。 常的事情。
e.g. The trunk was big and awkward and loaded with books. But his case was a different proposition.
25岁时, 25岁时,他平生 岁时 第一次尝到了做 教师的滋味 滋味。 教师的滋味。
1. On the exterior, he was cool, calm and collected, but on the interior, stress was killing him.
表面上, 表面上,他显得沉 着、冷静和泰然自 若,但他内心深处 但他内心深处 内心 的压力使他筋疲力 尽。
2. If you own anger for more than five minutes—if you stir in your own juice with no safety outlet—you have to find out where it’s coming from.
如果你生气超过5分钟 如果你生气超过5分钟—— 如果你生闷气 你生闷气, 如果你生闷气,没有安全的 发泄渠道的话 的话——你就必须 发泄渠道的话 你就必须 弄清你生气源自何处。 弄清你生气源自何处。

医学研究生 词义的引申

医学研究生 词义的引申
她有沉鱼落雁之容,闭月羞花之貌。
4 If you have never tasted the bitterness of gall, how can you know the sweetness of honey?
不知苦中苦,哪知甜上甜。
5 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 天天吃苹果,不用去诊所。
译文:对妊娠雌性动物单纯注射维生素A,其 幼 Phrases and Rhythmic Effects in English-Chinese Translation (英译 汉中的四字结构和节奏特色):
1 With high-rises in the Second Affiliated Hospital of HMU ornamented with the colored lanterns and bright banners, a festival mood is strongly felt.
文:由于高浓度维生素A的能引起中毒,美国食物与药 品管理局已规定,在非处方药多种维生素制剂中,维 生素A的最高含量可为10000国际单位。
(3) Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.
激光在医学中的应用仍处于发展初期。
(4) The clinical behavior of these two diseases varies.
这两种病的临床表现不同。
( 5 ) Single injections of vitamin A to pregnant female animals have produced cleft palate in the young.
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词义的引申
1.So long as we have means of producing heat, we can keep the steam engine at
work.
2.Colonel House was between the sheets by eleven.
3.Britain has no such natural protection from a flood of Hollywood products.
4.We never have thought he should have the guts to have our daughter.
5.Just as the steam engine magnified the manual worker’s abilities by an enormous
factor, so the computer can magnify an information worker’s abilities.
6.Finally, after weeks passed, he surveyed his work for the finishing touches.
7.Like attracts like.
8.Not a day did he spend without having some unpleasantness with his wife.
9.We honor him for what he is, not for what he has.
10.The applicant must also make a statement of references and availability for
interview.
11.Each transaction is carried out in public and the information sent electronically to
every brokerage office of the nation.
12.China will be the largest economy in the world within 15 years.
Challenge
The United States Government does not challenge that position.
I’ve cons tantly challenged my own conclusion.
Recent discoveries have challenged their old notions.
I challenge you to answer my question.
His question challenged us to think.
China challenged the world in discipline.
The sentry challenged us.
Survival in enemy-occupied territory challenges skill.
Take it with you, if challenged, just say that it is from me.
I don’t trust her. She’s always on the mask and her artificial smiles make me sick. Books of adventure became my passion, and in devouring their contents, I neglected the regular exercises of the school.
He showered her with kindness and word of praise until she consented to be his wife.。

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