2009年版《货运代理专业英语》中文翻译第七章
国际货运代理专业英语
1. Scope of …Originally,a freight forward was a commission agent performing on behalf of the export/import route tasks such as loading/unloading of goods,storage of goods,arranging local transport,obtaining payment for his customer,etc..However,the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.Today,a freight forwarder plays an import role in international trade and transport.The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of servicies covering the total transportation and distribution process.(Export) Unless the consignor,the person sending goods,or the consignee,the person receiving goods,wants to attend to any of the procedural(程序上的)and documentary formalities(正式的) himself,it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors(转包商)or otheragencies employed by him.He is also expected to utilize,in his connection,the services of his overseas agents.Briefly,these services are:Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export,the country of import,as well as any transit country,he would also prepare all the necessary documents.Pack the goods,taking into account the route,the mode of transport,the nature of the goods and applicable regulations,if any , in the country of export,transit contries and country of destination.Arrange warehousing of the goods,if necessaryWeigh and measure the goodsDraw the consignorˊs attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods,if required by the consignorTransport the goods to the port,arrange for customs clearance,related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.Attend to foreigh exchange transactions,if anyPay fees and other charges including freightObtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor Arrange for transshipment en route of necessaryMonitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarderˊs agents abroad.Note damages or losses,if any,to the goodsAssist the consignor in pursuing claims,of any,against the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to themOn behalf of the consigeeMonitor the movement of good on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight,that is,the cargoReceive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goodsTake delivery of the goods from the carrier and if necessary ,pay the freight costArrange customs clearance and pay duties fees and charges to the customs and other public authoritiesArrange transit warehousing,if necessaryDeliver the cleared goods to the consigneeAssist the consignee,if necessary,in pursuing claims,if any against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to themAssist the consignee ,if necessary,In warehousing and distribution2. Incoterms 2000---major trade termsInternational rules for interpretation of trade termsICC:International Chamber Of CommerceLater amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices(贸易惯例),Eeach term specifies whether the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessary as export license,customs clearance,inspections,and other obligations.They specify at which point the risk of loss and /or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities .A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms,therefore,will have a mutual understanding of their rights,cost,and obligations1. FOB---Free on board―Free on board‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail at the named port of shipment .This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point.The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export .This term can be used for sea or inland waterway transport.2. CFR---Cost and freight―Cost and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery,are transferred from the seller to the buyer. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport..3. CIF---Cost,Insurance and freight―Cost Insurance and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods psss the shipsˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risks of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the tine of delivery ,are transferred from the seller to the buyer.However ,In CIFthe seller also has to procuer insurance against the buyerˊs risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.Consequently,the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurancepremium.The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.3. Terms of shipment in the Contracts for the International Sale of goods When buyer and seller discuss the terms of the contract, terms of shipment are compulsory.Terms of shipment inculde methods of trasport , time of shipment,partial shipment and transshipment,port or place of loading and unloading ,shipping documents,etc,Here only time of shipment will be discussed.Time of shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods on board the vessel at port of shipment ( If shipment is made by sea ).There are several ways of stipulating time of shipment :●Shipment on or about June 20,2002●Shipment not later than July 31st 2002.or latest shipment date:July 31st,2002●Shipment to be made during June/July ,2002●Shipment with 15 days after receipt of remittance.●Shipment with 30 days after receipt of L/C .In order to prevent the buyer from openingthe L/C later ,the export should stipulate at the same time ―The relevant L/C must reach the seller not later than August 20,2002.‖●According to UCP 500, if the experssion ―on or about‖or similar experssions areused,banks will interpert them as a stiulation that shipment is to be made during the period ,from five days before to five days after the specified date,both end days included.For example , if the L/C stipulates that shipment date is ―on or about July 20 ,2002‖. Then the goods can be shipper from July 15 to July 25.The word‖to‖, ―until‖, ―till‖,‖from‖and words of similar expressions applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned.The word ―after‖ will be understood to exclude the date mentioned.The terms‖first half‖, ―second half ― of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 15th , and the 16th to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.The terms ―beginning‖ ,‖middle‖,or ―end‖ of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 10th , the 11th to the 20th ,and the 21st to the last day of such month ,all dates inclusive.When the traders discuss the time of shipment in the contract.1. The export should consider whether he can get the goods ready before the shipmentdate and whether the ship is available if the goods are ready.2. The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way.Stipulation like ―shipment on July 20‖ is clear,but not flexible, if the seller can not get the goods ready befort that, he will break the contract.Expressions such as ―prompt‖, ―innediately‖, ―as soon as possible‖, and the like should not be used .If they are used bankes will disregard them ,If these terms are used,disputes may occur because there is no uniform explanation of these terms.3. Sometimes ,the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date ,which means these two dates are the same ,For example, if the L/C stipulates that the expiry date is July 31st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also july 31st .In this case,the exporter should ship the goods much earlier than july 31st so that he can leave enough time fou himself to get all the documents ready and present the documents to his bank within the validity of the L/C .If the exporter ships the goods on july 31,it is very difficult for him to present the documents to the bank on the same day.3. The Expiry Datea. If the expiry date of the credit and/or the last day of the period of time forpresentation of documents stipulated by the credit falls on a day on which the band to which presentation has to be made is closed,the stipulated expiry date and/or the last day of the period of tine after the date of shipment for presenation of documents, as the case may be ,shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open.b. The lastest date for shipment shall not be extended by reason of the extension ofthe expiry date and /or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents. If no such lastest date for shipment is stipulated in the credit or amendments,banks will not accept transport documents indicating a date of shipment later than the expiry date stipulated in the credit or amendments.4. Marine Cargo Insurance1. Principles of marine cargo insuranceThe marine cargo insurance is based on the principles of insurable interest ,utmost good faith ,and indemnity .No contract of marine insurance is valid unless the assured has an insurable interest in the subject matter insured at the time of loss. Cargo insurance is a contract of indemnity ,that is, to compensate for the loss or damage in terms of the value of the insured goods , The amount insured as agreed between the insurer and the assured forms the basic of indemnity .The principle of utmost good faith is indispensable in any insurance contract .A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith ,and ,if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party .2. Insurance PremiumThe premium is the consideration which the insurers receive from the assured inexchange for their undertaking to pay the sum insured in the event insured against .The general guiding rate of the insurance premium is 1% of the amount insured .The premium rates may vary ,for example , from 0.5% to 2.5% or less depending on factors such as :type of goods ,the contry and distance of destination ,value of the goods ,mode of transportation, the type of risks covered ,container or bulk shipment and type of packing . The minimum amount insured should be the CIF or the CIP value of the goods plus 10%.3. Insurance PolicyInsurance policy is an evidence of insurance contract issued by the insurer or underwrite to the assured .It stipulates each party ˊs rights and responsibilities .The format of insurance policy forms varies from insurer to insurer. Insurance policy or certificate ,and endorsement are the main ones used in daily business. The policy must be issued and signed by an insurance company or its agent . If more than one original is issued and is so indicated in the policy , all the originals must be presented to the bank, unless otherwise anthorized in the letter of credit .4. Types of basic coverageThe basic coverage in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses is FPA , WA/WPA and All Risks Coverage .(1)Free From Particular AverageThe risks coverd in FPA coverage basically means that only total or constructive total loss of the whole consignment of cargo but no partial loss or damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities , such as heavy weather , lightning , tsunami ,earthquake and flood .Total loss or partial loss is recoverable from the insurer incurred as a result of specific casualties ,e ,g.,collision ,standing siking of the vessel .It also covers general average and salvaing the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the policy .(2)With Particular Average (WA / WPA)WA / WPA provides larger cover than FPA since partial loss and damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities ,That is the only difference between WA / WPA and FPA in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses . (3)All RisksThis type of coverage is the most widely used in the transport of general cargo because it provides better coverage the WA / WPA type .Aside from the risks covered under WA / WPA type , it also provides insurance against all risks of less of or damage to the cargo insured arising from external causes in the course of transit . The All Risks does not cover risks of war , strike and other special additional risks such as failure to delivery , import duty , on deck , rejection ,aflatoxin etc .The general additional risks such as theft , pilferage & non—delivery risks , fresh water and /or rain damage risks shortage risks , intermixture and contamination risks , leakage risks ,clask and breakage risks , taint of odour risks , sweat and heating risks , hook damage risks , breakage ofpacking risks and rust risks are covered in All Risks coverage .5. The Practice Of International Ocean Cargo Transportation1. Transport GeographyAn internationanl freight forwarder should be familiar with international trade routes . He or she should have knowledge of main traffic routes location of ports ,trans—shipment points and inland centres . A freight forwarder shoule also have a general idea of the pattern of international trade and its changing trends .2.1) Conference linesA shipping conference is a group of shiping lines operating in any particular routeunder agreement to provide a scheduled service with a common tariff and a fixed itinerary of ports of call .The purpose of a shipping conference is to eliminate price competition among member lines and reduce outside competition by trying to capture most of the traffic for member lines through loyalty arrangements with shippers .The main advantages of the conference system to shippers are stability of freight rates and regularity of srevices . However , the disadvantages are obvious . Rates are usually high . Rates do not fluctuate accoding to supply and demand as in a tramp service Rules and procedures are inflexible .2) None—conference linesIn recent years , along most international routes , none—conference lines have posed a challenge to the conference system . This is attributable to the development of containerization and emergence of many independent carriers .As a result ,along some routes ,the conference lines have been forced to come to terms with the non—conference lines in regard to rates , and terms and condition of service .3) Non—vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC)An NVOCC is a carrier when operates a regular scheduled service . He does not own or operate the vessels by which sea transportation is provided . Although the NVOCC is a carrier in his relationship with the actual carrier . He is a shipper in his relationship with the actual shipper . He assumes the role of a principal and performs several functions . He assumes responsibility for ocean carriers , both conference and non—conference lines .He renders a useful service by providing grouppage or consolidation services , particularly to small shipper who do not have much bargaining power in nagotiating rates .4) Tramp serviceTramp service has on fixed itinerary or schedule and is operated on any route according to supply and demand Tramp vesseles are usually chartered at negotiated rates , particularly when the quantity of cargo is large .2. Shipping documentsThe documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading , sea waybills, manifests , shipping notes , delivery orders and mat e′s receipt .The bill of lading by itself is not a contract of carriage as it is signed only by the carrier . Howerever , it provides evidence of contract of carriage . It serves as a receipt for goods delivered to the carrier . Besides , the bill of lading serves as a document of title enabling the goods to be transferred from the shipper to the consignee or any other party by endorsment .A sea waybill is the replacement of the traditional ocean bill of lading . The way billis a non—negotiable document and made out to a named consignee who is allowed , upon production of proper identification , to claim the goods without presenting the waybill .A cargo manifest provides information regarding cargo on board . A freightmanifest gives information regarding freight rates , surcharge ,rebates , etc . The manifest is prepared by the carrie r′s agent , but freight forwarder has to handle it while dealing with the customs and port authorities .A shipping note is issued by the shipper to the carrier requesting allocation ofshipping space . It is a commitment on the part of the shipper to ship the goods and serves as the basis for the preparation of the bill of lading .A delivery order is issued by the carrier or his agent to enable the consignee or hisforwarding agent to take delivery of the cargo (import cargo) from the vessel .A mat e′s receipt is the receipt issued by the carrier in the acknowledgement to thegoods received on board (export cargo)which is subsequently exchanged for the bill of lading .6. Documentary CreditIn international sales transactions different methods of payment are adopted depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer . For example , if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long—standing business relationship , they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement . Payment may also be made by other methods such as ―cash with order‖ when the buyer sends a cheque or a bank draft with his order , or by ―documentary collection‖ , when the seller sends the buyer in the buye r′s country on the buyers′acceptance or payments , as may be specified in the documents .But in many cases , the seller and the buyer do not know each other and located in countries thousands of miles apart . They are not in a position to conduct their commercial transactions on trust . The seller is reluctant to part with his goods unless he is assured of possession of the goods . In order to reconcile the conflicting interests of both the parties and to provide a mechanism for payment in such situations , the International Chamber of Commerce has evolved what is knowm as ―Documentary Credit‖ . In simple terms , documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods . The documents transfer title to the goods .The ―Uniform Customs and Practive for Documentary Credit‖(UCP) Published by the International Chamber of Commerce contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit . It has been accepted and adopted by banks and banking associations throughout the world . It has brought the UCP into line with established and foreseeable practices regarding containerized transport and trade facilitation, the use of electronic data processing and the development of new types of credit like deferred payments and stand—by credits .As the documentary credit is operated through banks , therefore , it has certain advantages to both the seller and buyer : for the seller , it is a bank undertaking to which he can look for payment ; for the buyer , it is a conditional undertaking where payment can be made on his behalf only against the documents which will transfer to him the title to the goods .For practical purpose , assume that a local buyer agrees to buy goods from an overseas seller and under the sales contract , payment is to be made by banker′s letter of credit . To fulfill the contract , the buyer arranges with his bank to open a letter of cerdit for his account in favour of the overseas seller . The buyer is not required to pay for the goods until the arrival of the relevant shipping document . The seller , on receipt of a letter of credit , will have to prepare shipment of the contract goods within the delivery date . Once shipment of the goods is completed , the seller will be able to present all the documents to the negotiating bank for payment under the terms of the credit . The negotiating bank should ensure that the seller′s documents are drawn up in accordance with the credit terms before such documents are paid for and forwarded to the issuing the negotiated documents it will make up a debit note showing the total cost due and request payment from the buyer . Once the buyer accepts that the documents are in compliance with the terms of the letter of credit he must settle the bill in order to obtain the shipping documents so that he will be able to take delivery of the goods from the carrier or its agent . On settlement of the bill , the whole operation of documentary credit will be regarded as completed .8. Marine Bill of Lading---General Introduction1. General Concept of Marine Bills of LadingMarine Bills of lading are used primarily international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea . Definitions of the bill of lading vary from country to country . Broadly , the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped of board a ships , signed by the person ( or his agent ) contracts to carry them , and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship . It is not the actual contract , but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract .2. Functions of Marine Bills of LadingMarine bills of lading perform a number of functions . Generally , it is receipt for thegoods shipped , a document of title to the goods and evidence of the terms of the contract of affreightment .A bill of lading is a receipt issued , by a carrier that an identifiable consignment ofgoods has been received by him for shipment , or actually loaded on board his ship .The bill of lading as a receipt willl show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded ,ship′s name , port of loading , the destination , details of date and so on .A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods . The possession of a bill of lading isequivalent in law to possesion of the goods . The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lading .Additionally , the terms of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and the shipper . The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract .3. Types of Marine Bills of LadingThere are several forms of bills of lading and these include the following :1) Order of ladingOrder bills are issued by carriers to the order of shipper or conginee . This means that the carrier , shippower , charterer or master will deliver the goods at the port of destination not solely to the named consignee , but so any person designated by him .An order bill of lading is a negotiable document . Order bills made out to consignee ―or order ― can be transferred by them by endorsment .2) Straight Bills of LadingIn contract with the order bills of lading , straight bills are those made out to named consigness without the addition of the word ―or order ― . They are not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties . Delivery of goods , thereore , can only be taken by the named consignee .3) Shipped Bills of LadingShipped bills state definitely that the goods have been loaded . It confirms that goods are actually on board the vessel . Most bills of lading forms are printed as shipped bills and commence with the wording :‖shipped in apparent good order and condition .‖4) Received for Shipment Bills of LadingReceived for shipment bills state that the goods have been received for shipment , and do not indicate the actual date of loading . The received for shipment bill of lading grew up because with the development of the liner services it became the custom for the shipowner to receive the cargo some hours or even days before it was actually loaded .5) Direct Bills of LadingDirect bills of lading are those covering shipment between direct ports of lading or discharge .6) Through Bills of LadingThrough bills of Lading cover shipment from or to ports involving transport by two or more shipping or railways companies . The shipping company , for additional freight ,undertakes to make all arrangement to get the goods to their destination .7) Clean Versus Foul Bills of LadingThe clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages , irregularities or short shipment ,usually the words ―apparent good order and condition ―. ―clean on board ― or the like are indicated on the B/LThe foul bill of lading—unclean bill of lading , dirty bill of lading or claused bill of lading –is the opposite of the chean bill of lading . It bears an indication that the goods were received with damages , irregularities or short shipment , usually the words ― unclean on board ―or the like are indicated on the B/L , for example , ― insufficient padking ―,‖missing safety seal ― and ―one carton short ―.9.Marine Bills of Lading ( 2 )--Making and signing ofA marine bill of lading can be drawn up in a variey of ways , but it is nearly always prepared on a pre—printed form .whatever its form , a bill of lading may contain some main elements ,such as quantity of cargo ,accurate cargo description and condition ,date of the bill of lading ,names of shipper and consignee , ports of lading and discharging , ship′s name,terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.The shipp′s port agent , in fact , may be given the task of drawing up bills of lading .If there are subsequently required for letter of credit transactions , it is useful that the agent be supplied with appropriate details of that letter of credit so that all relevant material can be included in the wording .The main parties on a bill of lading are shipper,Conssignee. Notify Party and Carrier . The shipper is the person , usually the exporter , who sends the goods .Consignee refers to the person entitled to take delivery of the goods . Carrier is the person or company who has concluded a contract with the shipper for carriage of goods . Notify party is the party that the carrier must notify when the goods arrive at the port of destination . The carrier issues an Arrival Notice informing the Notify Party about the cargo discharge point , number of packages and other information.It is important to the date bills of loding correctly ,and as per the date on which the cargo is actually loaded . Cargo quantity and condition should also be adequately and correctly described in the bills of lading . Relevant comments should be entered in either tally or mate′s receipts , and thereafter in bills of lading .2. Issuing Marine Bills Of LadingAll bills should be signed by either shipping company or by a duly authorised agent .If time does not permit the ship′s master to sign the bills , a letter is usually dra wn up giving the port agent appropriate authority to sign bills of lading . The bill of lading must show how many signed originals were issued .The oringinals are marked as ―original ―on their face and all have equal value , that is , all have the same validity .The purpose of issuing more than one original is to ensure that the port of destination will receive the original when dispatched separately . The original B/ ;L are proof of ownership of goods , one of which must be surrendered to the carrier at destination , duly endorsed by the title holder in the goods in exchange for the goods or。
新编国际货运代理专业英语
新编国际货运代理专业英语New International Freight Forwarding Professional EnglishUnit 1 Introduction to International Freight Forwarding1.1 Definition and Functions of International Freight Forwarding 1.2 Main Participants in International Freight Forwarding1.3 Types of International Freight Forwarding Services1.4 Overview of International Trade and TransportationUnit 2 Documentation in International Freight Forwarding2.1 Bill of Lading and Its Types2.2 Air Waybill2.3 Consignment Note2.4 Packing List2.5 Certificate of OriginUnit 3 Transportation Modes in International Freight Forwarding 3.1 Sea Freight Transportation3.2 Air Freight Transportation3.3 Road Freight Transportation3.4 Rail Freight Transportation3.5 Multimodal TransportationUnit 4 Customs Clearance in International Freight Forwarding 4.1 Customs Regulations and Procedures4.2 Import and Export Declarations4.3 Tariffs and Duties4.4 Customs Duty Calculation4.5 Customs Exemptions and Special ProgramsUnit 5 Logistics Management in International Freight Forwarding 5.1 Supply Chain Management5.2 Inventory Management5.3 Warehousing and Distribution5.4 Risk Management in Logistics5.5 Emerging Trends in LogisticsUnit 6 International Trade Terms and Incoterms6.1 International Trade Terms and Definitions6.2 Incoterms - International Commercial Terms6.3 Incoterms 2020 Updates and Changes6.4 Role of Incoterms in International Freight Forwarding6.5 Case Studies of Incoterms UsageUnit 7 International Finance and Payment in Freight Forwarding 7.1 Trade Financing Methods7.2 Letters of Credit7.3 Documentary Collections7.4 Documentary Credits and UCP 6007.5 Payment Methods and Risk MitigationUnit 8 Insurance and Claims in International Freight Forwarding 8.1 Marine Insurance and Coverage8.2 Cargo Insurance Policies and Terms8.3 Claims Handling and Procedures8.4 Claims Settlement and Compensation8.5 Dispute Resolution MechanismsUnit 9 Quality Management in International Freight Forwarding 9.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control9.2 ISO 9001 Certification9.3 Process Improvement in Freight Forwarding9.4 Key Performance Indicators for Freight Forwarding9.5 Customer Satisfaction and FeedbackUnit 10 Emerging Technologies in International Freight Forwarding10.1 Digitalization and Automation in Logistics10.2 Internet of Things (IoT) in Freight Forwarding10.3 Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain10.4 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Logistics10.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges in Freight Forwarding。
新编国际货运代理专业英语(2015年版)讲义 含英文翻译和真题详解(Unit 7 Air Cargo
新编国际货运代理专业英语(2015年版)讲义含英文翻译和真题详解Unit7Air Cargo Transport【基本要求】1.了解:Air LCL Inquiry&Quote2.熟悉:Consolidation3.掌握:Air Cargo Charges,Rates and Waybill【考试内容】1.Air Cargo Charges,Rates and Waybill(1)Air Cargo Charges and Rates(2)General Cargo Rate(GCR)(3)Commodity Classification Rate(CCR)(4)Specific Commodity Rate(SCR)(6)Air Waybill(7)Characters and Functions of Air Waybill(8)Air Waybill(9)Content of Air Waybill2.Consolidation(1)Advantages of Consolidation(2)The Role of a Freight Forwarder as a Consolidator(3)Liability of consolidator3.Filling out Air Waybill【大纲详解】一、航空运费,运费率和运单1.航空运费和运费率(掌握)(1)决定航空运费率的因素课文:Air cargo rates are based on the value of service or the cost of service.译文:航空货运费率是基于服务的价值或服务的成本制定的。
①服务价值课文:Value of service rates are demand based and consider the sensitivity of the cargo to freight rates.The less sensitive the cargo is to rates,the higher the rate will be.On traffic lanes where demand is strong and plane capacity is limited,the air rates will be high and vice versa for traffic lanes where supply exceeds demand. Also,products with high prices or emergency conditions surroundingthe move will be charged high rates because the freight rate is a small portion of the landed selling price.注释:sensitivity:敏感traffic lane:运输道路,运输渠道vice versa:反之亦然译文:服务价值的高低是以需求为基础的,并且要考虑货物对运价的敏感度。
货代英语课文翻译
第一章英文原文:International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories.注释:exchange: 交换,汇兑(另外常用的一个短语:foreign exchange: 外汇)border: 边(界, 缘, 境); 界线territory: 领土, 领地, 版图, 地区, 活动范围中文意思:国际贸易是指跨越各国国境或领土的资本、货物和服务的交换活动。
2、国际贸易重要性的表现英文原文:In most countries, it represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP).注释:represent: 表现, 表示, 描绘, 讲述, 代表, 象征significant: 重要的, 重大的, 值得注意的share: 份额gross domestic product: 国内生产总值中文意思:在大多数国家,国际贸易占国内生产总值很大的比重。
英文原文:While international trade has been present throughout much of history, its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries.注释:throughout:遍及,贯穿economic: 经济(上)的,经济学的social: 社会的,社会上的political: 政治上的,政治的importance: 重要(性),重要方面(意义)on the rise: 在上涨,在增长recent: 近来的century: 世纪中文意思:国际贸易在整个历史发展过程中也得到了体现,国际贸易在经济、社会、政治等方面的重要性在近几个世纪的发展中不断增长。
2009年05月翻译专业资格考试(英语三级笔译实务)真题及答案
2009年05月翻译专业资格考试(英语三级笔译实务)真题及答案试题下载2009年05月翻译专业资格考试(英语三级笔译实务)真题及答案Section 1 English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)(50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Business of Green: An appeal to slow down on biofuelLast Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion: The European Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020.The European Union's biofuel targets were increased and extendedfrom 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still, Europe's well-meaning rush to biofuels, the scientists concluded, had produced a slew of harmful ripple effects-from deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains.In a recommendation released last weekend, the 20-member panel, made up of some of Europe's most distinguished climate scientists, called the 10 percent target "overambitious" and an "experiment" whose "unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control.""The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down, to analyze the issue carefully and then come back at the problem," Laszlo Somlyody, thepanel's chairman and a professor at the Budapest University ofTechnology and Economics, said in a telephone interview.He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets,the European Union was trying desperately to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions "in isolation," without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land use and food supply."The starting point was correct: I'm happy that the European Uniontook the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to controltraffic emissions," Somlyody said. "But the basic problem is it thoughtof transport alone, without considering all these other effects. And we don't understand those very well yet."The panel's advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation.It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit ofbiofuels-encouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United States-has not produced the desired effect.Investigations have shown, for example, rain forests and peat swampare being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations, a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning, land needed to produce food for people to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops, and water is diverted from the drinking supply.In Europe and the United States, food prices for items like pizzaand bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise.The price of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago, and corn is a third higher, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week."Food price inflation hits the poor hardest, as the share of food in their total expenditures is much higher than that of wealthier populations," said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization.Biofuels are not, of course, the only reason for high food prices. Fuel to transport1试题下载 $100 a barrel. There have been unexpecteddroughts this year as well.Should we conclude that all biofuels are bad?No. But motivated by the obvious problems now emerging, scientists have begun to takea harder look at their benefitsFor example, the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the bestuse of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity.To be useful for vehicles, plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and oftentransported long distances. To heat a home, it can often be used raw or with minimalprocessing, and moved just a short distance away.答案:上周五,欧洲环境署下属的一个顾问小组提出了一个非同寻常的科学建议:欧盟应中止其2020年生物燃油站交通运输所需燃料百分之10的目标。
国际货运代理资格考试专业英语-7_真题无答案
国际货运代理资格考试专业英语-7(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)不定项选择题1.According to UCP600, the terms "end" of a month in the letter of credit shall be construed as ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA from the 15th to the last day of the monthB from the 16th to the last day of the monthC from the 21st to the last day of the monthD from the 20th to the last day of the month2.According to UCP600, the terms "second half" of a month in the letter of credit shall be construed as ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA from the 15th to the last day of the monthB from the 15th to the 31st of the monthC from the 16th to the last day of the monthD from the 16th to the 31st of the month3.Which of the following words applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned?______SSS_MULTI_SELA untilB fromC toD till4.According to UCP600, the terms "beginning" of a month in the letter of credit shall be construed as ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA from the 1st to the last day of the monthB from the 1st to the 5th of the monthC from the 1st to the10th of the monthD from the 1st to the 15th of the month5.Which of the following expressions are not suitable for stipulating the time for shipment?______SSS_MULTI_SELA quickB immediatelyC promptD as soon as possible6.The scope of freight forwarder"s service on behalf of consignees includes ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA pack the goods for exportB attend to foreign exchange transactionsC weigh and measure the goodsD take delivery of the goods from the carrier7.A ______ is able to attend to any of the procedural and documentary procedure on behalf of the consignor or consignee.SSS_MULTI_SELA shipperB carrierC ship"s ownerD freight forwarder8.The scope of freight forwarder"s service on behalf of shipper includes ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA always arrange warehousing of the goodsB issue relevant documents to the carrier, such as FCR or FCTC pursue claims against the carrier when the goods arriveD book space with selected carrier9.The scope of freight forwarder"s service on behalf of exporter includes ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA book space with selected consignorB pay the freight to the consigneeC arrange export customs clearanceD arrange import customs clearance10.The following services ______ are performed by the freight forwarder on behalf of the importer.SSS_MULTI_SELA monitor the movement of goodsB check all relevant documentsC deliver the cleared goods to the consigneeD pursue claims against the exporter11.The freight forwarder assists the consignee in pursuing claims against the ______ for loss of the goods or damage to them if necessary.SSS_MULTI_SELA shipperB carrierC receiverD charterer12.It is usually the ______ who issues relevant documents such as Forwarder"s Certificate of Receipt, Forwarder"s Certificate of Transport, etc.SSS_MULTI_SELA consignorB consigneeC freight forwarderD carrier13.A freight forwarder shall take into account the route, the mode of transport and applicable regulations, if any, in the ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA country of exportB country of importC country of transshipmentD transit countries14.The freight forwarder, on behalf of the ______, has the right to deliver the cleared goods to the consignee.SSS_MULTI_SELA exporterB importerC carrierD consignor15.Which of the following risks are covered by the All Risks coverage of PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses?______SSS_MULTI_SELA war and fireB strike and delayC aflatoxin and on deckD heavy weather and fire16.Which of the following coverage does not cover partial loss or damage resulting from natural calamities?______SSS_MULTI_SELA WAB FPAC Institute Cargo ClauseD Institute Cargo Clause17.The marine cargo insurance premium rates may vary depending onfactors such as ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA type of the goodsB value of the goodsC mode of transportD type of risks covered18.WPA is one of the ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA basic risksB additional risksC special additional risksD general additional risks19.______ is described in the policy as fortuitous partial loss, that is, loss of goods that have suffered from accident or mishap during transportation, either partially or totally.SSS_MULTI_SELA averageB with averageC particular averageD general average20.Which of the following risks is not covered by the All Risks coverage of marine cargo transportation insurance?______SSS_MULTI_SELA marine perilsB strandingC pilferageD inherent vice21.The Free from Particular Average of marine cargo transportation insurance covers risks of ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA riots and civil disturbanceB total loss caused natural calamitiesC general averageD delay of goods22.Partial losses incurred as a result of specific casualties such as______ are covered in FPA.SSS_MULTI_SELA burning of the vesselB earthquakeC strandingD sinking23.Which of the following risks belong to special additionalrisks?______SSS_MULTI_SELA riots and civil disturbanceB war and strikeC rejection and on deckD delay of goods24.The booking note is issued by the ______ requesting allocation of shipment space.SSS_MULTI_SELA carrier to the agentB carrier to the shipperC shipper to the carrierD carrier to consignee25.AN NVOCC is a(n) ______ who operates regular scheduled services.SSS_MULTI_SELA shipperB carrierC receiverD charterer26.To the actual shipper, the NVOCC is a ______ while to the actual carrier, he is a ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA actual carrier……carrierB carrier……shipperC shipper……carrierD carrier……consignee27.The ______ is issued by the shipper to the carrier requesting allocation of shipment space.SSS_MULTI_SELA cargo manifestB mate"s receiptC booking noteD delivery order28.Which of the following documents can be issued by a carrier?______ SSS_MULTI_SELA bill of ladingB mate"s receiptC booking noteD delivery order29.When the goods arrives at the port of destination, the ______ issues an Arrival Notice informing the notify party of the cargo discharge point and other information.SSS_MULTI_SELA shipperB carrierC receiverD consignee30.All bills of lading should be signed either the______ or______.SSS_MULTI_SELA notify party……carrierB carrier……shipperC consignor……consigneeD carrier……his agent31.A document signed by the Chief Office acknowledging the receipt of cargo on board ship, and later exchanged for a B/L is called ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA sea waybillB mate"s receiptC booking noteD delivery order32.Which of the following descriptions are true about NVOCC?______SSS_MULTI_SELA he operates a regular scheduled serviceB he owns or operates the vesselC he provides a useful service by providing group age or consolidation servicesD he assumes double roles relationship with carrier and shipper33.Documentary credit means payment against ______ instead of against ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA goods……documentsB acceptance……confirmationC documents……acceptanceD documents……goods34.Detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit can be found in______.SSS_MULTI_SELA ICCB UCPC INCOTERMSD CMR convention35.In a revocable credit, it is the ______ who has the right to revoke the credit.SSS_MULTI_SELA buyerB sellerC advising bankD issuing bank36.The ______ bank should ensure that the seller"s documents are drawn up in accordance with the credit terms before such documents are paid for and forwards to the ______ bank for final reimbursement.SSS_MULTI_SELA issuing……negotiatingB advising……payingC negotiating……issuingD paying……advising37.The banks on the buyer"s side on L/C arrangement are ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA issuing bankB advising bankC negotiating bankD paying bank38.______ published by the ICC contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit.SSS_MULTI_SELA Hague RulesB UCP600C Incoterms2000D CMR convention39.In the practice of L/C transaction, the buyer is not required to pay for the goods until the arrival of the relevant ______.SSS_MULTI_SELA B/LB invoiceC documents stipulated by L/CD L/C40.Which of the following statements are true about documentarycredit?______SSS_MULTI_SELA documentary credit means payment against document instead of against goodsB all the documentary credits are operated through banksC the buyers is not required to pay for the goods until the arrival of the relevant shipping documentsD the documents transfer title to the goods1。
2010年国际货运代理货代英语第七章讲义
本资料由青年人网提供,更多请访问/waimao/货代学习资料下载/exam/html/list310-1.html货代考试论坛:/forum-86-1.html2010年国际货运代理货代英语第七章讲义一、国际销售交易中付款方式的介绍。
1-1 课文:In international sales transactions, different methods of payment are adopted, depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer.注释:transaction: 交易,事务,处理method: 方法adopt: 采用,收养depend upon:依赖,依靠(= depend on) relationship: 关系课文意思:在国际销售交易中,会采用不同的付款方式,这要依赖于卖方和买方之间关系。
1-2 课文:For example, if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long-standing business relationship, they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement.注释:for example: 例如know: 了解,认识,熟悉each other:彼此,互相long-standing: 长期存在的on trust : 不加考察,赊账periodically:周期性地,定时性地invoice: 发票settlement:结算,解决课文意思:例如,如果卖方和买方相互熟悉并且长期存在业务合作关系,(在这种情况下)他们在操作业务上会采用赊账的方式,卖方会定时地将发票提供给买方进行结算。
2009版货代英语unit2的翻译
一、货运代理人的概述及其发展1、早期货运代理人履行的职责英文原文:Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks such as loading/unloading of goods, storage of goods, arranging local transport, obtaining payment for his customer, and so on( 这句话是比较长,一句一段,核心句子:.....a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks....)注释:freight forwarder 货运代理人commission agent 委托代理人perform: 履行,执行,完成on behalf of 代表.... routine tasks 日常工作(routine: 日常的,常规的)loading/unloading of goods 装载/卸载货物storage of goods 货物存放,货物存储转自环球网校中文意思:起初,货运代理是作为委托代理人,替进出口商履行一些常规业务,比如装载/卸载货物,货物的存储,安排地方运输,替客户收款等。
2、货运代理人的发展英文原文:However, the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.(核心句子:....A and B enlarged the scope of his services.A 是指:expansion of international trade 国际贸易的扩大B 是指:development of different modes of transport 不同运输方式的发展)注释:expansion: 扩大,扩展 development: 发展,改善 modes of transport: 运输方式over the years that followed 在随后的几年里 enlarge: 扩大,增大,扩展中文意思:但是,在随后的几年里,由于国际贸易的扩大和不同运输方式的发展也随之加大了货运代理的服务范围。
2009年版《货运代理专业英语》中文翻译第六章
2009年版《货运代理专业英语》中文翻译第六章信用证是一种国际支付方式。
在中国,国际交易的支付通常是使用信用证。
为了提供统一的规则对后续的交易,国际商会(ICC)建立统一的海关和跟单信用的规程,已被修改几次。
最新版本叫做UCP600(一般惯例,ICC出版no.600,2007修订)。
1、定义信用证是指银行应申请人的要求和其指示开立的承诺在受益人履行信用证条款后按信用证规定的金额付款给受益人的书面保证文件。
2、信用证的有关各方当事人(考试重点)信用证操作过程中涉及到许多当事人(方),他们是申请人,开证银行,通知银行,受益人,议付银行等。
(申请人)申请人是指向银行申请开立信用证的一方。
申请人也称“申请开证人”或“开证申请人”。
通常是合同中的买方或进口商。
(开证行)开证行应申请人要求开立信用证的银行,并在信用证条款履行后负责支付信用证项下的款项。
(通知行)通知行通常是卖方所在国银行,也可在第三国家。
凭开证行的指示和委托,通知受益人相关信用证事宜。
(受益人)受益人是指信用证受益一方,需按信用证条款履行义务以获得付款。
通常是指的卖方,或出口商。
(议付银行)议付行是对受益人汇票进行议付的银行。
议付行可以是通知行或者其他有权议付单证的银行。
如果信用证中无特殊规定,出口商可以向任何银行提交跟单汇票进行议付。
3、信用证的基本内容信用证可以通过邮件,电报以及SWIFT格式开立。
尽管信用证没有统一的格式,但其内容基本一样。
这些基本内容包括所有买卖方双方签署的合同中的重要条款:单证要求,银行保证条款,以及其他信用证的特别规定。
4、跟单信用证的基本程序(考试重点)在信用证操作的过程中有三个基本步骤。
第一个步骤是信用证开立--信用证开立是买方向开证行申请开立信用证,通过通知行向卖方发出开证行开证通知。
第二个步骤是如需对信用证进行修改--在信用证开立后如需对跟单信用证的条款进行更改需进行信用证的修改。
第三个步骤是使用和支付--这一过程是卖方装运货物,将单证通过因银行转让给买方,并且再由买方通过银行向卖方通过各种途径付款。
货代常用词汇中英文对照
SHIPPER---发货人...CONSIGNEE--收货人…货代常用英文(一)船代Shippi ng age nt 船舶代理Ha ndli ng Age nt 操作代理Book ing Age nt 订舱代理Cargo Can vass ing 揽货FFF:Freight Forwardi ng Fee 货代佣金Brokerage / Commissi on 佣金(二)订舱Booking 订舱Booki ng Note 订舱单Book ing Number 订舱号Dock Receipt场站收据M/F (Manifest ): a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单Cable/Telex Release 电放A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书PIC: Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员The said party 所涉及的一方On Board B/L : On Board 提单A B/L in which a carrier ack no wledges that goods have been placed on board a certain vessel 。
Used to satisfy the requirements of a L/CCan cellatio n 退关箱(三)港口BP Base Port 基本港Prompt release 即时放行Tran sit time 航程时间/中转时间Cargo availability at desti nation in 货物运抵目的地Seco nd Carrier (第)二程船In tran sit 中转Tran sportati on hub 中转港(四)拖车Tractor牵引车/拖头Low-bed低平板车Trailer 拖车Tran sporter 拖车Trucking Compa ny 车队(汽车运输公司)Axle load轴负荷Tire-load轮胎负荷Toll Gate 收费口(五)保税Bon ded Area 保税区Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保税货物Bonded Warehouse 保税库Caged stored at bon ded warehouse 进入海关监管Fork Lift 叉车Loadi ng Platform 装卸平台(六)船期A Friday ( Tuesday / Thursday )sailing 周五班A fortni ght saili ng 双周班A bi-weekly saili ng 周双班A mon thly saili ng 每月班On-schedule arrival / departure 准班抵离ETA : Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 预计到达时间ETB:Estimated ( Expected)Time of Berthing 预计靠泊时间ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 预计离泊时间The sail ing Schedule/Vessels are subject to cha nge without prior no tice 变更将船期/船舶如有不作事先通知Closing Date :截止申报时间Cut-off time :截关日(七)费用Ocean Freight 海运费Sea Freight 海运费Freight Rate 海运价Charge / Fee (收)费Dead Freight 空舱费Dead Space : Space in a car, truck, vessel, etc., that is not utilized 亏Surcharge / Additio nal Charge 附加费Toll桥/境费Charges that are below a just and reason able level 低于正当合理的收费Market Price Level 市场价水平Special Rate 特价Rock Bottom Price 最低底价Best Obtai nable Price 市场最好价CC Freight to Collect 到付运费Freight Payable At Dest in ation 到付运费Back Freight 退货运费Fixed Price固定价格Comm. Commissi on 佣金Rebate回扣/折扣Drayage charge : made for local hauling by dray or truck 拖运费GRI : Ge neral Rate In crease 运价上调SGRI : Seco nd Ge neral Rate In crease 第二次运价上调GRD : Ge neral Rate Decrease 运价下调TGRD : Temporary Ge neral Rate Decrease 临时运价下调PSS : Peak Season Surcharge 旺季附加费Wharfage : A charge assessed by a pier against freight handled over the pier 码头附加费THC : Terminal Handling Charge 码头操作附加费ORC : Origin Receiving Charge 始发接单费CUC : Chassis Usage Charge 拖车运费IAC : Inter-modal Administrative Charge(U.S. Inland Surcharge)内陆运输附加费DDC : Destination Delivery Charge (目的地卸货费)OAC : Origin Accessory Charge 始发港杂费MAF : Ma nifest Ame ndme nt Fee 舱单改单费(八)For prompt shipme nt 立即出运Cargo Supplier (供)货方Upco ming Shipme nt 下一载货Same Assig nment 同一批货Nomin atio n Cargo 指定(指派)货In dicated / Nomin ated Cargo 指装货Shipments under B/L No 。
国际货运代理专业英语,2009年版课文翻译
第一单元国际贸易1.定义及重要性国际贸易是很重要的。
国际贸易是资金,物品和服务通过国际边境或边疆地区的交换。
在大多数国家,它代表国内生产总值的很大份额。
然而国际贸易历尽昔日蹉跎,它的经济,社会,政治的重要性在最近世纪已经上升。
工业化,先进的运输系统,全球化,跨国公司,外包在国际贸易组织中都有很重要的影响。
渐增的国际贸易成为全球化继续进行的决定性因素。
国际贸易是任何一个被认为是世界强国的国家(地区)的经济利益的主要来源。
没有国际贸易,国家将会把货物和服务的生产制造限制在自己的边界范围内。
2.国际贸易与国内贸易间的区别国际贸易通常是比国内贸易更昂贵的。
理由是通常越过国有的边界涉及附加成本例如关税,由于边界的时间的费用拖延,与国家区别相关花费例如语言,法律系统,或一种不同文化。
国际贸易与国内贸易间的另一个区别是生产要素,例如,资本和劳动力等生产要素跨越国界,在一个国家内通常移动的更多比国家与国家之间。
因此,国际贸易主要限制在货物和服务贸易。
然后,在商品和服务贸易,可以作为生产要素的替代品贸易。
进口生产要素,而不是一个国家的进口货物,使生产要素的集约利用,从而体现了各自的因素。
一个例子是由美国从中国进口劳动密集型商品。
进口中国的劳动力,而不是美国从中国进口商品与中国劳动生产。
3.国际贸易风险在多边贸易中有一些风险。
他们主要包括经济风险和政治危机。
经济风险包括买主的破产的风险;支付数量的应得物的买主的故障的风险中在到期日后六月;出口的非更新的风险批准;战争冒险;征用或进口商的公司的没收的风险;一个进口禁令的强迫接受的风险在货物的发货之后;在一个进口商的公司上的政党的转移风险强迫接受。
4.世界贸易组织世界贸易组织最好地被描述为一个伞式组织正在来自多边贸易谈判的乌拉圭回合的协议哪个被收集。
世界贸易组织因此服务四基本功能:(1) 实施,管理,执行世界贸易组织协议和其附件,(2) 为正在进行多边贸易谈判按照一个论坛行事,(3) 为了解决争议担任一个仲裁法庭,(4) 查看贸易政策和成员的练习陈述。
货运代理中英文对照
我公司……年成立时资金……,然后合并了……家类似商号,改组成……公司,资金增加到……。
9.Please note that we have moved into…… and therefore,all future communications should be made to the new address mentioned above。
与……公司所签代理合约,经双方同意,将于自……(日期)起失效。因此从自……(日期)起,欢迎向我公司直接询购,特此通知。
11.Mr。……(Ms。……),who has been showing an excellent ability as our…… representative since……,has now decided to retire from the service。Accordingly,he (she) will be unauthorized to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after……。
我公司把新设的分公司交由……(人名)经营。……(人名)在过去……年里一直担任我总公司……职务。
6.Our company newly established through uniting the capitals of the captioned…… firms will be engaged principally in commission business,of which main line is……
我公司合并了标题所示……家商行的资本,从新组成,主要经营……业务。
7.The new company has duly taken over all accounts outstanding and will take all responsibility for the settlement of accounts。
货代英语课件
该术语仅适用于海运或内河运输。 在FOB贸易术语下,买卖双方的义务 (1)卖方义务:出口清关 (2)买方义务:办理保险和运输,负担自越过
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1. 货运代理人的概念及其服务方式: ph1,2,3
2. 货运代理人代表出口商(发货人)的 工作范围/服务范围
3. 货运代理人代表进口商(收货人)的 工作范围/服务范围
U2-1
货运代理人的概念及其服务方式: ph1,2,3
掌握货运代理人的定义
国际货运代理的定义
货运代理是进出口商的委托代理人,代理进 出口商做一些常规事务,比如装载/卸载货物 、货物的存储、安排地方运输、替顾客收款 等。
Unit 1 International Trade
本单元为2009年新版教材新增章节,考试分 值约占6分,考试题型主要为:单项选择题、 判断题、多项选择题、翻译题。
本单元重点: 1. 国际贸易的定义,其与国内贸易的区别 2. 国际贸易风险的种类 3. WTO的功能 4. 国际贸易的基本步骤
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1. Definition and Importance 2. Differences between International &
Domestic Trade 3. Risks in International Trade 4. World Trade Organization 5. Barriers to International Trade 6. Steps of International Trade
Unit 2 Scope of Freight Forwarding Service 货运代理服务范围
国际货运代理专业英语7 8 单元练习题
New Word and Expressionsallocation n. 分配attributable adj. 可归于。
的bargaining n. 讨价还价;交涉carrier n.承运人charter v.租(船)consignee n.收货人consolidation n.拼箱;合并containerization n.集装箱运输;集装箱化delivery n.交货;提货eliminate v.排除,消除endorsement n.背书,签注fluctuate v.波动itinerary n.航线;路线manifest n.舱单;载货单non-negotiable adj.不可转让的principal n.委托人rebate n.回扣,折扣render v.给予;提供route n.航路;航线;路线shipper n.托运人carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输common carrier 公共承运人contract of carriage 货物运输合同delivery order 提货单document of title 物权凭证freight rate 运费率non-conference lines 非班轮公会航线,非班轮公会航运公司non-vessel operating common carriers(NVOCC) 无船承运人pattern of international trade 国际贸易方式port authorities 港务局;港口主管机关ports of call 挂靠港;停靠港receipt for goods 货物收据scheduled service 定期航运shipping conference 班轮公会shipping market 班轮市场shipping space 舱位supplu and demand 供求Exercises(1)Ship that do not sail on regular traderoutes or have regular schedules are called ____A.linersB.trampsC.chartersD.NVOCCs(2)____ is the list of current freight rates issued by a shipping conference.A.TariffB.ScheduleC.ManifestD.Shipping note(3)____ is a document signed by the mate of a ship as proof that the goods specified in the document have been loaded onto his ship.A.DeliveryB.Shipping noteC.Mate’s receiptD.Manifest(4).Which of the following terms refers to a person or company that catties goods form place to place?A.shipoerB.chartererC.operatorD.carrier(5) Which of the following is the amount of money payable under a contract for the carriage of goods by sea?( )A.deliveryB.rndorsementC.ferightD.receipt2.Drcide whether the following statements are true or false.(1) An international freight forwarder should have knowledge of international trade.( ) (2) Conference lines do not provide a scheduled service.( )(3) Tramps move from port to port without following a fixed route.(4) A sea waybill is a negotiable document.(5) A delivery order is issued by the carrier to enable a shipper to load the cargo.3.Multiple choice questions.Select all of the correct answers.(1) Which of the following are the functions of marine bills of lading?A. contract of carriageB. receipt for goods deliveredC. shipping notesD. document of title(2)Which of the following documents can be issued by a carrier?A.deliveryB. mate’s receiptC.shipping noteD.bill of lading(3) What are the disadvantages of a shipping conference?A.stability of freight rateB. high ratesC. Rates do not fluctuate according to supplyand demand.D. regularity of services(4) An international freight forwarder should be familiar with ___A.internationalB. location of potsB.transshipment points D. pattern ofinternational trade(5) Which of the following descriptions aretrue about an NVOCC?A.He operates a regular scheduledservice.B.He owns or operates vessels.C.He assumes responsibility for bothconference and non-conference lines.D.He provides a useful service byproviding groupage or consolidationservices.4. Translate the following into Chinese.(1) carriage of goods by sea(2) endorsement(3) mate’s receipts(4) shipping conference(5) shipping documents5. Translate the following into English(1) 托运人(2) 运价表(3) 集装箱化(4) 舱单(5) 提单。
2009年版《货运代理专业英语》中文翻译第十八章
2009年版《货运代理专业英语》中文翻译第十八章Part Ⅰ商业书信1、商业书信的写作原则总的来说,撰写商务信函时应遵循以下原则:合理的布局,符合逻辑的观点,正确的语法、拼写和标点符号,合适的格式和语气以及巧妙地组织信息。
具体来说,撰写商业书信要注意以下7个原则,简称7C原则:1)清晰原则首先要确保信函所表达的意思清晰而不被误解。
如果信函表达的意思模棱两可,那么必然就会需要进一步的信函来往用于解释这些不清楚的地方,这样即浪费时间又浪费金钱。
其次,当明确了要表达的内容时,尽量用简单明了的话语表达清楚。
2)简洁原则当撰写商业书信时要牢记一个原则就是要使语言简单,清晰并且易读。
无论如何避免冗长的,花哨的或者老套的词句,简洁的文字可以节省阅读者的时间并且更能引起他们的注意。
3)礼貌原则做到礼貌周到,最重要的一点就是要回复迅速,特别是当你回复客户的信函时,不能有任何延迟。
其次,避免使用过激的,无礼的和轻视的语句。
此外,运用策略和机智去平息分歧。
礼貌原则不但要用礼貌的措辞比如“请”,“谢谢”,而且要表现出你为阅读者所做的考虑。
4)周到或替人考虑原则周到原则是指你应当体谅你的读者。
这要求我们做到拒绝给以帮助的同时又要保持友好,拒绝客户请求的同时不断送将来的业务可能性。
如果你不能满足客户的需要或者要求,你应当表现出你对他们的要求很感兴趣并且非常关心,尽量用肯定积极的句子。
而不用否定消极的句子,并且强调你能做什么,而不强调不能做什么。
5)完整原则当一封商业信函包含阅读者需要的所有信息时,它才算是完整的。
必须要完整的原因:完整信息容易达到预期的结果;能使买卖双方相互产生好感;能够避免昂贵的诉讼。
要想做到完整原则,要遵循下面两个方针:写下你想要涉及的所有要点并把它们按逻辑顺序排列;如果你是回复信函,要强调寻求信息的部分并且回答对方询问的所有问题。
6)具体原则写作具体是指要详尽、明确和形象而不是含糊笼统的;尽量用详尽确实的信息和积极主动的动词,选择生动鲜明,形象的词语。
货运代理英文缩写翻译大全
货运代理英文缩写翻译大全.Liner shipping 班轮运输,定期租船Liner schedule 船期表Transport service运输服务Tariff 运价本Tramp shipping 不定期船Charter party 租船合同General cargo vessel 杂货船Roll on / roff off ship:Ro / Ro ship 滚装船Refrigerated ship 冷藏船Multi-propose shi p 多用途船Dry bulk carrier 干散货船Full container ship 全集装箱船Coal carrier 运煤船Bulk grain carrier 散粮船Ore carrier 矿石船Tanker 油轮Liquified gas carrier 液化气船Liquified natural gas carrier:LNG carrier液化天然气船Liquified petroleum gas carrier:LPG carrier 液化石油气船Chemical tanker 液体化学品船Packed cargo 包装货物Unpacked cargo 或non-packed cargo 裸装货物Unitized cargo 成组化货物Containerized cargo 集装箱货物General cargo 普通货物Special cargo 特殊货物Clean cargo 清洁货物Fine cargo 精细货物Fragile cargo 易碎品Liquid cargo 液体货物Rough cargo 粗劣货物Smelly cargo 气味货物Dangerous cargo 危险货物Reefer cargo 冷藏货物Perishable cargo 易腐货物Valuable cargo 贵重货物Livestock and plants 活的动植物Bulky and lengthy cargo, heavy cargo 长大,笨重货物M/T,metric ton 公吨S.F,stowage factor 货物积载因素TEU ,twenty---foot equivalent unit 20ft集装箱Dry cargo container 干货集装箱Bulk container 散装集装箱RF, reefer container 冷藏集装箱OT, open---topo container 敞顶集装箱Plat form based container 框架集装箱Pen container 牲畜集装箱TK, tank container 罐式集装箱Car container 汽车集装箱Chilled cargo 冷却货物Frozen cargo 冷冻货物Break bulk cargo 散件货物FCL: full container (cargo ) load 整箱货LCL: Less Than Container Load 拼箱货Ship’s rail or hook /tackle 船边或吊钩CY:container yard 集装箱堆场Empty container 空箱Loaded container 重箱CFS:container freight station 集装箱货运站Door to door 门到门Door to CY 门到场Door to tackle 门到钩CY to door 场到门CY to CY 场到场CY to CFS 场到站CY to tackle 场到钩CFS to door 站到门CFS to CY 站到场CFS to CFS 站到站CFS to tackle 站到钩tackle to door 钩到门tackle to CY 钩到场tackle to CFS 钩到站tackle to tackle 钩到钩Container lease agreement 租箱合同ETC :early termination clause 提前终止条款D.P.P:damage protection plan 损害修理条款Ocean common carrier 远洋公共承运人Non-vessel operating (common) carrier 无船承运人Ocean freight forwarder 远洋货运代理人S.C:service contact 服务合同Shipper 托运人liner schedule班轮船期表Canvassion 揽货Booking 订舱Rail to rail 船舷至船舷Tackle to tackle 钩至钩Home booking 卸货地订舱Buyer’s nominated cargo 指定货mislanded 误卸Overlanded 溢卸Shortlanded 短卸Cargo tracer 货物查询单Duly endorsedOptional cargo 选港货Port of discharge 卸货港B/N: booking note 托运单S/O: shipping order 装货单M/R: mate’receipt 收货单Closing date 装货单日Chief mate 船上大副Remark批注Foul receipt 不清洁收货单Clean receipt 清洁收货单Loading list 装货清单Additional cargo list 加载清单Cancelled cargo list 取消载货清单M/F: manifest 载货清单Freight manifest 载货运费清单Stowage plan 积载图Dangerous cargo safe stowage certificate 危险货物安全装载书Heavy and lengthy cargo list 重大件清单Space report 剩余舱位报告Stowage survey report 积载检验报告Boat note 过驳清单Overlanded & shortlanded cargo list 货物溢段单Broken & damaged cargo list 货物残损单D/O: delivery order 提货单,亦称小提单Non-negotiable 禁止流通D/R: dock receipt 场站收据Shipping order 装货单EIR:equipment interchange receipt 设备交接单CLP: container load plan 集装箱装箱单VOCC 远洋公共承运人GRI 综合费率Ocean B/L 海运提单House B/L 仓至仓提单MASTER B/LNVOCC:Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 无船承运人Consolidated cargo 集拼货物AMS:automated manifest system 自动舱单系统B/L: bill of lading 提单Evidence of the contract of carriage 海上货物运输合同的证明Receipt for the goods shipped 装船收据Shipment contract 装运合同Conclusive evidence 绝对证据Document of title 物权凭证Long form B/L 全式提单Short form B/L简式提单On board B/L,shipped B/L 已装船提单Received for shipment B/L收货待运提单Straight B/L 记名提单Open B/L;blank B/L; bearer B/L 不记名提单Order B/L 指示提单To order 凭指示To the order of ** 凭某人指示Clean B/L清洁提单Unclean B/L or foul B/L 不清洁提单Direct B/L 直达提单Transhipment B/L or through B/L 转船提单Combined transport B/L;intermodal transport B/L; multimodal transport B/L多式联运Liner B/L 班轮提单P&I Club :protection and indemnity 保赔协会NVOCC B/L 无船承运人所签发提单Advanced B/L 预借提单Anti-date B/L倒签提单Post-date B/L 顺签提单on deck B/L 舱面货提单omnibus B/L 并提单separate B/L 分提单switch B/L交换提单memo B/L 交接提单stale B/L 过期提单name of the vessel 船名name of the carrier 承运人名称name of the shipper 托运人名称name of the consignee 收货人名称name of the notified party 通知人名称port of loading装货港port of discharge卸货港port of transhipment 转运港description of goods 货物名称marks &NO. 标志number of package or container 包装件数gross weight 重量measurement体积payment of freight 运费的支付place and date of issue 提单的签发日期number of original B(s)/L 地点和份数place of receipt 接收货物的地点place of delivery 交付货物的地点paramount clause 首要条款definition 定义条款carrier’s responsibility 承运人责任条款limit of liability 承运人的赔偿责任限制条款period of responsibility 承运人期间条款deck cargo 舱面货live animals and plants 活动物dangerous goods危险货物refrigerated goods冷藏货timber木材iron and steel 钢铁heavy lifts and awkward cargo 重大件sailing date 船舶开航之日preliminary evidence 初步证据Special drawing right :SDR特别提款权sea way bill :SWB海运单freigth rate 运价freigth 运费tariff 运价本scale of commodity classification 商品分级表scale of rates 等级费率表commodity freigth rate tariff 商品运价表base port 基本港口basic freigth基本运费basic freigth rate 基本运价surcharge or additional附加运费bunker adjustment factor,BAF;or bunkersurcharge,BS燃油附加费emergency bunker surcharge,EBS应急燃油附加费currency adjustment factor;CAF货币贬值附加费port additional港口附加费port congestion surcharge港口拥挤附加费transshipment additional转船附加费long length additional超长附加费heavy lift additional超重附加费.direct additional直航附加费optional surcharge 选港附加费cozening fee 洗舱附加费alteration of discharging port additional变更卸货港附加费deviation surcharge绕航附加费peak season surcharge,PSS旺季附加费additional for excess of liability超额责任附加费war risk surcharge,WRS战争险附加费general rate increase,GRI整体费率上调destination delivery charges,DDC目的地交货费equipment reposition charge,ERC空调调运费terminal handling charge ,THC码头作业费original receving charge,ORC原产地接货费freigth basis计费标准FT(freight ton ,)或;W/M(weight/measurement)运费吨minimum rate/minimum freight起码运费box rate 包厢费率freigtht all kinds,FAK均一费率all in freigtht包干费all in rate,A.I.R全包价carriage of goods by chartering租船运输tramp shipping 不定期船运输charterer 船舶承租人shipowner船东Ship broker航运经纪人chartering broker 租船经纪人the Owner's broker船舶出租人经纪人the Charter's broker船舶承租人经纪人both partiess'broker双方当事人经纪人warranty clause 保证条款intermediate clause,in nominate clause中间性条款time charter,period charter定期租船voyage charter,trip chaster航次租船bareboat charter,demise charter光船租船contract of affreightment,COA包运租船time charter on trip basis,TCT航次期租single trip or single voyage charter单航次租船return trip or return voyage charter往返航次租船consecutive single voyage charter连续单航次租船consecutive return voyage charter连续往返航次租船customary quick despatch,CQD习惯尽速装卸escalation clause自动递增条款lease purchase光船租购quantity contract/volume contract包运租船合同,运量合同daily charter日租租船chartering process;chartering process租船程序order /inquiry/enquiry询盘general inquiry一般询盘special inquiry特别询盘offer发盘absolute offer绝对发盘" conditional firm offer条件发盘counter offer还盘acceptance受盘conclusion of charter party 签约Condition Clause条件条款name of vessel船名named vessel指定船名substitute vessel代替船舶nationality of vessel船籍classification of vessel船级tonnage of vessel船舶吨位the more or less clause,MOL数量增减条款preliminary voyage 预备航次。
国际货运代理专业英语
国际货运代理专业英语国际货运代理专业英语Customs declaration 报关Customs clearance 清关Labor-intensive 劳动密集型的Shipping space 舱位Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值The International Monetry Fund 国际货币基金组织The World Bank 世界银行Factors of production 生产要素Multilateral trade 多边贸易Freight forward 货运代理Foreign exchange 外汇Bills of lading 提单Commission agent 委托代理人Insurance policy 保险单Insurance premium 保险费Trade terms 贸易术语EXW (Ex Works)工厂交货(指定地点)FCA (Free Carrier)货交承运人(指定地点)FAS (Free Alongside Ship)船边交货(指定装运港)FOB (Free On Board)船上交货(指定装运港)CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费(指定目的港)CIF (Cost , Insurance and Freight )成本加保险费、运费(指定目的港)CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至(指定目的港)CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To ) 运费、保险费付至(指定目的地)DAF (Delivered at Frontier ) 边境交货(指定地点)DES (Delivered Ex Ship ) 船上交货(指定目的港)DDU (Delivered Ex Quay ) 码头交货(指定目的港)DDP (Delivered Duty Upaid )未完税交货(指定目的地)DDU (Delivered Duty Paid)完税交货(指定目的地)Inland waterway transport 内河运输Clear the goods for export 办理货物出口清关手续Incoterms :International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms国际贸易术语解释通则ICC:International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会UCP:Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits跟单信用证统一惯例SWIFT:Society for World wide Inter bank Financial Telecommunication环球银行间金融电讯协会Expiration date 到期日Partial shippments 分批装运Ports of call 停靠港Presentation of documents 交单Redemption of documents 赎单Shipping documents 装运单据,运输单据Applicant 申请人,开证申请人Beneficiary 受益人Acceptance credits 承兑信用证Advising bank =notifying bank 通知行Anticipatory credits 预支信用证Back-to-back credits 背对背信用证Confirming bank 保兑行Defaulting party 违约方Issuing bank 开证行Negotiating bank 议付行Revolving credits 循环信用证Sales contract 销售合同Shipping documents 装运单据,运输单据Transferable credits 可转让信用证Carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输Common carrier 公共承运人Contract of carriage 运输合同Delivery order 提货单Document of title 物权凭证Freight rate 运费率Non-conference lines 非班轮公会运输,非班轮公会航运公司Non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC)无船承运人Pattern of international trade 国际贸易方式Port authorities 港务局,港口主管机关Receipt for goods 货物收据Scheduled service 定期航运Shipping conference 班轮公会Shipping space 舱位Supply and demand 供求Rate of freight 运费率Bale capacity 包装舱容Grain capacity 散装舱容Bareboat charter 光船租赁Charter party 租船合同Time charter 定期租船,期租Voyage charter 航次租船,程租Shipowner 船东Loading ports 装货港Discharging ports 卸货港Port charges 港口使费Manned ship 配好船员的船舶Arrival notice 到货通知,到港通知Carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输Clean bill of lading 清洁提单Contract of affreightment 货物运输合同Contract of carriage of goods 货物运输合同Delivery order 提货单Direct bills of lading 直达提单Document of title 物权凭证Foul bill of lading 不清洁提单General cargo 杂货Insufficient packing 包装不良International sales of goods 国际货物销售Letter of credit 信用证Marine bills of lading 海运提单Mate’s receipts 大副收据Negotiable document 可转换单据Notify party 通知方On board 在船上Order bills of lading 指示提单Port of loading 装货港Received for shipment bills of lading 收货待运提单Shipped bills of lading 已装船提单Shipping company 海运公司,船务公司Ship’s name 船名Short shipment 短装,装货不足Straight bills of lading 记名提单Through bills of lading 联运提单Adjustment factors 调整因素Break bulk cargo 件杂货Bunker adjustment factor (BAK)燃油附加费Commodity Box Rate (CBR)分货种包箱费率Currency adjustment factor (CAF)货币贬值附加费Freight All Kinds (FAK) Rates 均一运费费率Liner freight rate 班轮运费率Inland haulage 内陆运输,内陆运费Liner operator 班轮营运人Lump sum rate 整笔运费费率Ocean freight rate 海运运费Stowage factor 积载因素Supply and demand 供求Tramp rate 不定期船运费率Marine cargo insurance 海上货物保险Insurance policy 保险单Insurable interest 保险利益Proximate cause 近因The insurer (underwriter) 保险人The assured (insured)被保险人Subject matter insured 保险标的Consideration 对价Insurance premium 保险费Insurance coverage 承保范围,保险险别Insurance certificate 保险凭证Endorsement 批单Free of particular average (FPA) 平安险,单独海损不保Constructive total loss 推定全损Natural calamities 自然灾害Heavy weather 恶劣天气Lightning 闪电Tsunami 海啸Earthquake 地震Stranding搁浅General average 共同海损Salvage charges 救助费用With average (WA) 水渍险All risks (AR) 一切险External causes 外部原因Aflatoxin 黄曲霉素Institute cargo clause 协会货物保险Theft, pilferage& non-delivery risks 偷窃提货不着货Fresh water and / rain damage risks 淡水雨林险Shortage risks 短量险Intermixture and contamination risks 混杂、沾污险Leakage risks 渗漏险Clash and breakage risks 碰损、破碎险Taint of odour risks 串味险Sweat and heating risks 受潮受热险Hook damage risks 钩损险Breakage of packing risks 包装破裂险Rust risks 锈损险Grounding 坐浅Capsizing 倾覆Overturning 翻船Derailment 出轨Port of distress 避难港Volcanic eruption 火山爆发Bill of entry 报关单Certificate of registry 登记证书Crew list 船员名单Customs clearance 结关Customs declaration 报关,海关申报Entry inwards 进口报关单Entry outwards 出口报关单Export declaration 出口申报单Export manifest 出口载货清单,出口舱单Health certificate 检疫健康证书Import manifest 进口载货清单,进口舱单Inward permit 进口许可证Load line 载重线Outward export permit 出口许可证Packaging list 包装单Policy of insurance 保险单Port clearance 结关Safety equipment 设备安全Safety radio telegraphy 无线电报安全Shipping bill 出口货物明细单,装船通知单Stores list 物料清单Limitation of liability 责任范围限制Domestic economy 国内经济Intermodal / multimodal / combined transport 多式联运Inherent vice 固有缺陷Long haul 长途运输Carriage of goods by road 公路货物运输Rail transport 铁路运输Road transport 公路运输Convention de merchandises par routes (CMR) 国际公路货物运输合同公约Tariff rate 价目表Bill of lading 提单Transshipment point 转运点Air freight 空运货物Enter into 缔结Flat rate 统一费用Freight rate 货运价格Inter-continental 洲际间的Multimodal transport 多式联运Land bridge 陆桥运输Sea train 火车车厢运输船Multimodal transportation 多运输方式间联运Tying-up of capital 资金紧张Settlement of claims 索赔结算Logistics 物流Supply chain 供应链Value chain 价值链Demand chain 需求链Inventory 库存Council of logistics management 美国物流管理协会Finished product 制成品Work-in-process 在线产品Assembly plant 装配厂Retail store 零售店e-commerce 电子商务e-business 在线企业Target audience 目标客户Seasoned professional 经验丰富的专业人士Vice president 副总裁Business partner 商业伙伴Sales representative 销售代表Shipment provider 出货人Geographic boundary 地理边界Real-time trading 实时交易Currency conversion货币兑换Financial activity 金融活动Write checks开支票Cash checks 兑现支票Trade stocks 买卖股票Smart card 智能卡Digital cash 数字现金Sector of the economy 经济部门Voice mail 语音邮件Virtual office 虚拟办公室Privacy invasion 侵犯隐私Individual preference 个人偏好Copyright infringement 侵犯著作权Intellectual property 知识产权Digital signature 数字签名Digital certificate 数字证书Online transaction 在线交易Active voice 主动语态Block style 齐头式Body of the letter 书信正文Business correspondence 商务通信,商务信函Common practices 一般做法,习惯做法Complimentary close 结尾敬语,结尾客套语Copy notation 抄送Full signature 签全名Inside address 封内地址,收信人地址Modified block style 改良齐头式Official title 官衔,头衔Passive voice 被动语态Punctuation marks 标点符号Reference initials 写信人及秘书姓名的首字母缩写Return address 回信地址,发信人地址Subject line 事由,事由行。
货代术语中英文对照
货代术语中英文对照货代术语中英文对照international forwarder国际货运代理international sales of goods 国际货物销售inventory库存inward permit进口许可证issuing bank开证行knowledge is power and content is king知识就是力量,内容至上land bridge陆桥运输layout格式布局LCL(less than carload lot) shipments零担货物运输leakage risks渗漏险letter of credit信用证letter of indemnity保函letterhead信头liability insurance责任保险limitation of liability责任范围限制liner freight rate班轮运费率liner operator班轮营运人litigation诉讼load line载重线logistics物流long form bill of lading 全式提单long haul长途运输mainfest货物舱单maintenance维护保养maintenance of the vessel船舶维修marine cargo insurance海上货物保险master and house air waybills主运单和分运单mate's receipts大副收据member lines会员公司methods payment付款方式mini-bridge小陆桥运输minimum charges最低运价modified block style改良齐头式mortgage抵押multi-modal transport 多式联运natural calamities自然灾害nautical operation航行操作negotiable document可转让单据negotiating bank押汇银行neutral AWB中性航空运输单non-conference lines非班轮公会航线Non-governmental organization非政府性组织non-negtiable document 不可流通的单证non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCC)无营运船公共notify party通知方NYPE form土产格式obligation责任,义务ocean freight rate海运运费ocean through B/L海上联运提单official title官衔,头衔on board在船上on-board bill of lading 已装船提单online transaction在线交易operating expenses经营费用order bill of lading指示提单original bill of lading 正本提单outsourcing外包outward export permit 出口许可证packaging listpartial shipment分批装运passive voice被动语态pattern of international trade国际贸易方式payment of freight 支付运费payment of hire 支付租金PICC Ocean Marine CargoClauses中国人民保险公司海上货物运输保险条款policy of insurance保险单port authorities港务局;港口主管机关常用货运专业英语术语工程货物:project cargoes 重吊:heavy crane海关站:customs terminal 贸易条款:trade terms贸易合同:trade contract杂货:general cargo运输过程:transit operations 货运代理:freight forwarder 外汇交易:freight exchange transaction提单:bill of lading委托代理人:commissionagent信用证:letter of credit清关:customs clearance收货人: consignee发货人: consignor承约人: subcontractor承运人:carrier转运: transshipment运输模式: mode of transport仓库储存: warehousing运费:freight cost / carriage /freight集装箱货物:container cargo出口战略: export strategy货物运输:shipment of goods国际航空货物运输相关专业术语一. 英译中ICAO 国际民用航空组织IATA 国际航空运输协会SITA 国际电讯协会CONSOLIDATOR 集运商BRAK BULK AGENT 分拨代理商TACT 运价手册OAG 航空货运指南GMT 世界标准时UTC 联合技术公司DST 夏令时MAIN/LOWER/UPPER DECK 主舱、下舱、上舱SLI 托运书AWB 航空运单MWB 航空主运单HWB 航空分运单GOR 协议运价GCR 普通货物运价SCR 特种货物运价或指定商品运价CCR 货物的等级运价ULD 集装箱货物运价MIXED CONSIGNMENTS 混运货物运价CONSTRUCTION RATE 比例运价ADD-ON AMOUNT 查询运价资料COMBINATION OF RATES AND CHARGES 分段相加运费DOCUMENTATION CHARGES 货运单费DISBURSEMENTS AND DISBURSEMENTS FEES 垫付款和垫付费CCFEE 运费到付货物手续费WEIGHT CHARGES 航空运费OTHER CHARGES 其它费用ACTUAL GROSS WEIGHT 实际毛重VOLUME WEIGHT 体积重量CHARGEABLE WEIGHT 计费重量MINIMUM CHARGE 最低运费MORE SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION 确指品名运价LESS SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION 泛指品名运价LAR 活动物规则DEATH CERTIFICATE 死亡证明书CERTIFICATE OF BURIAL 入殓证明书UNACCOMPANIED BAGGAGE 无人押运行李PERSONAL EFFECTS 随身物品DGR 危险物品M 最低运费N 45kg以下普通货物运价 Q45kg以上普通货物运价C 指定商品运价 R 附减运费S 附加运费U 集装化设备基本运费或运价E 集装化设备附加运价 X 集装化设备附加说明Y 集装化设备折扣AIR COURIER 航空快递COURIER ON BOARD 专人派送ALSO NOTIFY 另请通知POD 交付凭证交货的常用术语交货delivery轮船steamship(缩写S.S)装运、装船shipment租船charter (the chartered shep) 交货时间time of delivery定程租船voyage charter装运期限time of shipment定期租船time charter托运人(一般指出口商)shipper, consignor收货人consignee班轮regular shipping liner驳船lighter舱位shipping space油轮tanker报关clearance of goods陆运收据cargo receipt提货to take delivery of goods空运提单airway bill正本提单original Bill选择港(任意港)optional port选港费optional charges选港费由买方负担optional charges to be borne by the Buyers / optional charges for Buyers' account一月份装船shipment during January / January shipment一月底装船shipment notlater than Jan.31st. /shipment on or beforeJan.31st.一/二月份装船shipmentduring Jan./Feb.或Jan./Feb.shipment在…(时间)分两批装船shipment during...in two lots在…(时间)平均分两批装船shipment during...in twoequal lots分三个月装运in threemonthly shipments分三个月,每月平均装运inthree equal monthlyshipments立即装运immediateshipments即期装运prompt shipments收到信用证后30天内装运shipments within 30 daysafter receipt of L/C允许分批装船partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable。
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2009年版《货运代理专业英语》中文翻译
第七章
海运是国际运输的主要方式,占国际贸易量的百分之90,因此,对货运代理来说,重要的是能够了解有关海上货物运输的手续,以便提供有效的服务。
1、运输地理
国际货运代理应熟悉国际贸易线路。
他(她)应该熟悉主要的交通线路,港口的位置,转运地和内陆中心。
一个货运代理人还应该对国际贸易的模式和其改变的趋势有一个整体的概念。
2、不同类型的海上运输服务(考试重点)
国际海上运输市场提供了四种类型的服务,即班轮公会运输,非班轮公会运输,无营运船公共承运人和不定期船运输
•班轮公会运输
(班轮公会的定义,了解)班轮公会是按预定的船期表在特定的航线上从事营运的班轮公司的组织,具有共同的费率表、固定的挂靠港。
班轮运输的目的是消除会员公司之间在运价上的竞争,通过与托运人之间达成的忠诚协议为会员争取大量货源,以减少外部竞争。
班轮公会对于托运人而言,具有稳定的运费率、定期的运输
服务等方面好处。
然而,缺点是明显的。
费率一般都很高。
班轮运输不像不定期船那样,运费率随供求关系的变化而变动。
规则和程序不灵活。
•非班轮公会运输
近几年,出现在大多数国际航线上的非班轮公会运输,对班轮公会提出了挑战。
这是由于集装箱运输和许多独立承运人的出现。
结果航运公会被迫在运价、运输条件上和非班轮公会公司达成协议。
• (NVOCC) 无营运船公共承运人
无船承运人是从事定期营运的承运人,但并不拥有或经营海上运输所需的船舶。
尽管无船承运人相对于实际托运人是承运人,而相对于实际承运人是托运人。
(无船承运人)担任负责人的角色并履行一些职责。
(无船承运人)对海上承运人负责,包括班轮运输和非班轮运输。
(无船承运人)通过提供拼箱或集运服务给予托运人有效的服务,特别是对那些在谈判价格中没有多少讨价还价能力的小的托运人。
•不定期船运输
不定期船运输没有固定的路线或者船期表,根据供求情况在任何线路上营运。
通常是在谈判价格下租赁不定期船船舶,特别是当货物的数量很大的时候。
3、货运单证(考试重点)
海上货物运输常用的单证包括提单、海运单、舱单、托
运单、提货单和大副收据。
提单本身不是运输合同,因为它只是由承运人签署的,但是它是海上运输合同的证明。
提单是货物交付给承运人的收据。
此外,提单可作为物权凭证,使提单通过背书,将货物的所有权从托运人转移到收货人或者其他方手中。
(海运单)海运单替代了传统的海洋提单。
海运单是一种不可流通的单证,且填写了经承认的指定收货人,在提供了货物身份证明后,无须出示提单即可提货。
(货物舱单)货物舱单提供已装船货物的信息。
货物舱单提供了运费,附加费,折扣等的信息货物舱单是由承运人代理准备的,但是货运代理人必须持有货物舱单与海关和港务局(办理货物进出口)。
(托运单)托运单是托运人签发给承运人要求分配舱位的单证。
托运单是托运人委托运输货物,作为准备提单的基础。
(提货单)提货单是由承运人或其代理签发给收货人或其代理,使后者能够从船上提货。
(大副收据)大副收据是由承运人签发,是对货物装船的确认,以后可用大副收据换取提单。