基于MATLAB的同步发电机短路故障仿真研究

毕业设计（论文）

题目基于MATLAB的同步发电机短路故障仿真研究学院计算机与控制工程学院

专业班级电气xxx

学生姓名

指导教师

成绩

2014 年6 月26 日

摘要

众所周知，同步发电机在电力系统中发挥着至关重要的作用，现代社会中使用的电能几乎由同步发电机所产生，同步发电机在人类社会的生活生产中占据着非常重要的地位。为了更直观地了解同步发电机短路故障状态下的特性指标，尽量避免发生短路故障或及时对短路故障做出相应的正确措施，更合理选择保护装置，研究同步发电机的短路故障状态就成了当务之急的问题。随着科技进步与自动化水平的提高，人们要求能够快速分析故障和解决故障，在电力系统中，因运行环境、可操作性问题的限制，现场对同步发电机测试不太现实，因此，利用软件仿真的方法对同步发电机进行仿真研究就显得极其重要。本论文通过MATLAB软件建立同步发电机的仿真模型，对常见的短路故障进行仿真研究，以便更好地掌握同步发电机短路故障状态下的各特性，并设计了GUI 用户界面，更好的实现了人机交互。文中对各短路故障进行了仿真实验，从仿真结果可以看出，本文所设计的仿真系统满足对同步发电机短路故障的研究需求，实现论文设计的目标。

关键词：同步发电机；短路故障；MATLAB；GUI

I

Abstract

As is known to all, synchronous generator plays an important role in power system. Now the electric power used in our society almost produce by synchronous generators.Synchronous generator occupies a very important position in human society.In order to learning the characteristic parameters of synchronous generator more intuitive in fault condition, and trying to avoid short circuit fault or to make corresponding measures to correct vision in time or to protect device in the method of reasonable, studying the synchronous generator fault status has become an urgent problems. With the progress of science and technology and the improvement of automation level, people require to be able to quickly analyze fault and solve the problem in the electric power system. With the limitation of the environment in running a synchronous generator, doing a test of generators directly is unlikely.Therefore, with the aid of MATLAB software powerful computing and graphics processing simulation to study the synchronous generator is extremely important.In this paper, a simulation model of the synchronous generator is established by MATLAB software in order to better grasp the performance index of synchronous generator in fault condition.And we also design the Graphical User Interface(GUI) for better realizing the human-computer interaction. Each short circuit fault simulation experiments was carried out in this paper, as can be seen from the simulation results, the simulation system is designed to satisfy demands for synchronous generator short circuit fault research, realizing the target of this paper.

Key words: Synchronous generator；Short circuit fault；MATLAB；GUI

II

目录

摘要··········································································································I Abstract ···································································································I I

第1章绪论 (1)

1.1论文的背景和意义 (1)

1.2仿真技术的发展概况和趋势 (1)

1.3本论文研究的主要内容 (2)

第2章同步发电机的理论分析 (3)

2.1同步发电机的主要结构 (3)

2.1.1定子 (3)

2.1.2转子 (3)

2.2同步发电机的基本理论 (4)

2.2.1同步发电机的基本工作原理 (4)

2.2.2正方向的规定 (5)

2.2.3同步发电机的基本方程 (5)

2.2.4派克变换和dq0坐标系统 (7)

dq 坐标系统 (10)

2.2.5

第3章同步发电机短路故障仿真研究系统 (12)

3.1同步发电机的数学模型 (12)

3.2M文件的编写 (13)

3.3仿真界面设计 (16)

3.3.1界面组件的选择和布局 (16)

3.3.2编写回调函数 (17)

第4章实例仿真与分析 (20)

4.1三相突然短路仿真与分析 (20)

4.2负载两相短路仿真与分析 (22)

4.3负载单相短路仿真与分析 (24)

4.4转子绕组短路仿真与分析 (26)

结论 (30)

参考文献 (31)

附录 1 (32)