新概念二第77-80课知识点汇总
《新概念英语》第二册学习笔记78 77课
《新概念英语》第二册学习笔记78 77课第78课The last one?1、After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' ...entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' 过去分词短语修饰article, 这个句子也可以用定语从句表示：After reading an article that was entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health'...reading 动词的现在分词，是由动词+ing 构成，可以与系动词be 一起构成进行时，也可以与have/has been 一起构成完成进行时。
例句：They are watching a basement game.He has been collecting stamps since he was a boy.2、I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.calm 使某人或者某物平静下来，或者安抚某人或者某物例句：He was starting to shake with excitement, and to calm himself he walkedover to the window.3、I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking.give up sth. 或者give up doing sth. 放弃做某事，不再做某事例句：She never completely gave up hope.4、My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事例句：They kept on walking for a while in silence.5、They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packetof sweets from my pocket.make effort to do sth. 表示为了达到某种结果而付出额外的精力例句：Mothers had to made the effort to go out to a play area with their children.whenever 无论何时，无论什么情况例句：Come to see me whenever you feel you have to talk.第77课A successful operation1、The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.B.C. 公元前，是before Christ 的缩写who died in 800 B.C. 限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Egyptian woman.2、The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.who was once a singer...... 限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Shepenmut.3、...doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.died of 因......而死，死于......例句：I'm dying of thirst.4、The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficultbecause of the hard resin which covered the skin.逗号后面的部分是which 引导的非限制性定语从句，对前面的operation 起补充说明的作用。
新概念英语第二册Lesson77详细内容讲解分析共25页文档
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30、风俗可以造就法律，也可以废除 法律。 ——塞·约翰逊
容讲解分析
31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人，才不会再掉进坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。——郭沫若 35、学到很多东西的诀窍，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克
新概念英语第二册Lesson77详细内
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26、我们像鹰一样，生来就是自由的 ，但是 为了生 存，我 们不得 不为自 己编织 一个笼 子，然 后把自 己关在 里面。 ——博 莱索
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27、法律如果不讲道理，即使延续时 间再长 ，也还 是没有 制约力 的。— —爱·科 克
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28、好法律是由坏风俗创造出来的。 ——马 克罗维 乌斯
新概念英语第二册80课汇总
• machinery
• （1）机器（总称） • 这是一台极好的机器。
• This is a wonderful piece of machinery. • 一大批新机器是从美国进口的。
• A lot of new machinery was imported from America.
Palace.
• exhibition 展览 n.
• 他们举办了一个高科技产品的展览。 • They held an exhibition on hi-tech products. • make an exhibition of oneself • (做蠢事而使自己) 丢脸,出洋相 • 恐怕弗兰克喝醉了并且出了洋相。 • I'm afraid Frank got drunk and made an
• （2）[社会、政治等之] 制度,机构,组织,机关 • the machinery of government • 政治机构
• the machinery of the law • 司法机关
Sentence & Expressions
• Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Cristal Palace which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851.
Lesson 80 The crystal palace
New words
• palace • extraordinary • exhibition • iron • various • machinery • display • steam • profit • college
新概念英语第2册课程讲义Lesson77
Lesson 77 单词讲解1. Egyptian adj. 埃及的埃及人的n. 埃及人，埃及语Egypt n. 埃及2. mark n. 斑点痕迹，标志；符号；分数v. 使有斑点，留下痕迹；做标记；打分数3. disease n. 疾病a rare diseasea family diseaseprevent and cure a disease4. last v. 持续The meeting lasted 10 days.Your passion won’t last for long.5. prove v. 显示出证明，证实The boy proved his courage in the game.His idea proved (to be) fantastic.6. survive v. 幸免于survive from …Luckily, the little boy survived from the earthquake.survivor n. 幸存者Lesson 77 课文&语法讲解1 The mummy of an … woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.have an operation 做手术who died in 800 B.C. 定语从句has just had 现在完成时2. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have beentrying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.try to do sth.find outdie of …a rare disease2. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have beentrying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.There be + n. + 介词短语the X-ray plates taken of the mummy 过去分词作后置定语have been trying 现在完成进行时whether …引出宾语从句3. The operation, which lasted for over hour hours,proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.The operation proved to be very difficultbecause of the hard resin.3. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.which has the head of a cow 定语从句4. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately thishas not happen.Lesson 77 知识拓展复习：现在完成时现在完成进行时限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句•定语从句•n. + 限定性定语从句•无逗号•n.范围不明确，要限定•I met your friend who is working in London.•n. + ，非限定性定语从句•有逗号•n.范围明确，不用限定•I met your mother, who is buying some food.The operation, which lasted for over hour hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.The operation proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin.判断限定性／非限定性定语从句？•This is the wall ____ which my father rebuilt last week.•This is the Great Wall ____ which is very famous all over the world.判断限定性／非限定性定语从句？•The city ____ which I visited last week has developed into an international city.•Beijing ____ which is the capital of China has developed into an international city.判断限定性／非限定性定语从句？•The professor ____ teaches us English is an excellent lecturer.•Professor Will ____ teaches us English is an excellent lecturer.特殊的非限定性定语从句•The baby is so adorable, which is obvious.My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. itWhenever I met her, ______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that。
（完整版）新概念英语第二册笔记_第77课（可编辑修改word版）
（完整版）新概念英语第二册笔记_第77课（可编辑修改word版）Lesson 77 A successful operation 一例成功的手术【Text】The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.【课文翻译】死于公元前800 年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。
新概念二第77课笔记
课堂笔记（一）1) A.D. 应该写在年数之前, B.C. 应该写在年数之后, 如: from 300 B.C. to A.D. 400 由公元前三百年到公元四百年B.C.为Before Chris（t 公元前）的缩写，A.D.表示anno Domini (=in the yearof the Lord 或 since Christ was born),即“公元”。
A.D.用来与B.C.形成对比，出现在正式的史书中，平时一般不用。
2) operationgive an operation on sb 给某人做手术have an operation (on sb) 动手术operation on sb. for sth.operation to do sth.be in operationcome into operation生效，起作用bring into operation 实施;使生效When does the plan come into operation?这项计划什么时候实施？Is this rule in operation yet?这条规定生效了吗？3）The mummy is that of Shepenmutthat 用以指代前面的 the mummy，以避免重复。
在指代特指的事物时，尤其是在比较状语从句中，常用that 和those 指代前面提到的事物：The cost of living here is lower than that in London.这里的生活费用比伦敦的要低。
that of 和those of 一般用于较正式的文体中：The area of the USA is larger than that of Britai n.美国的面积比英国的大。
Tom's pen is better than that of the other boys.汤姆的笔比其他男孩的要好。
新概念二77课课文
新概念二77课课文摘要：一、课文概述二、课文重点词汇和语法解析三、实用口语表达四、练习与拓展正文：一、课文概述新概念英语第二册第77课（Lesson 77）的课文主题为“A traffic accident”。
本文讲述了一位出租车司机在交通高峰期遭遇了一起交通事故，并通过电话向警察报警的过程。
课文通过这段对话，让我们了解了事故现场的情况以及报警的正确步骤。
二、课文重点词汇和语法解析1.重点词汇（1）traffic accident：交通事故（2）happen：发生（3）right side：右侧（4）driver：司机（5）passenger：乘客（6）police：警察（7）emergency：紧急情况（8）call：打电话（9）accident report：事故报告2.语法解析本文主要涉及到一般现在时、一般过去时和现在进行时的用法。
（1）一般现在时：用于描述事实、习惯或一般情况，如“I drive a taxi.”（我开出租车。
）（2）一般过去时：用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，如“An accident happened.”（发生了一起事故。
）（3）现在进行时：用于描述现在正在进行的动作，如“I"m calling the police.”（我正在打电话给警察。
）三、实用口语表达1.描述交通事故：- What happened?（发生了什么？）- There was a traffic accident./An accident happened./A car accident occurred.（发生了一起交通事故。
）2.报警：- I"d like to report an accident./I want to report an accident./I"m calling to report an accident.（我想报警。
）- What"s the address?（地址是什么？）- The accident happened at...（事故发生在……）- What"s the vehicle"s make and model?（车辆的品牌和型号是什么？）- Were there any injuries?（有人受伤吗？）四、练习与拓展1.根据课文内容，模拟报警电话对话。
新概念第二册Lesson 77 A successful operation讲义
新概念第二册Lesson 77 A successful operation一、单词精讲mummy ['mʌmi]n.木乃伊引申：象征古老、神秘的事物，也可指代类似木乃伊状态的干瘪物体。
搭配：mummy case（木乃伊盒）例句：The archaeologists found a well - preserved mummy in the pyramid.（考古学家在金字塔里发现了一具保存完好的木乃伊。
）Egyptian [i'dʒipʃən]a.埃及的引申：可表示与埃及文化、习俗、历史等相关的事物。
搭配：Egyptian pyramid（埃及金字塔）Egyptian art（埃及艺术）。
例句：Egyptian art has a long and unique history.（埃及艺术有着悠久而独特的历史。
）词源：“Egypt”（埃及）加上表示“……的”后缀“- ian”。
temple['tempəl] n.庙引申：可表示宗教或精神信仰的重要场所，也可引申为某种神圣或庄严的地方。
搭配：Buddhist temple（佛教寺庙）ancient temple（古老的庙宇）。
例句：Many people go to the temple to pray.（许多人去寺庙祈祷。
）mark [mɑ:k]n.斑点引申：可表示标记、象征，也可表示成绩、分数等含义。
搭配：birth mark（胎记）make one's mark（留下印记；成名）。
例句：His speech made a deep mark on the audience.（他的演讲给听众留下了深刻的印象。
）plate[pleit] n.(照相)底片引申：可表示薄板、片状物，也可用于形容扁平的东西。
搭配：license plate（车牌）steel plate（钢板）。
例句：The photographer developed the plate carefully.（摄影师小心地冲洗底片。
新概念第二册77单词、课文全解
• survive v.幸免于，存活 • 没有乘客在空难中幸存。 • None of the passengers survived in the air crash.
• 我很想知道他们靠那么可怜的收入是 怎么活下来的。 • I wonder how they can survive on such poor income. • survival n. 幸存 • survivor n. 幸存者 • victim n.死难者，受害者
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Operation have an operation (on sb) 动手术 他鼻子动了手术 He had an operation on his nose. give an operation on sb for sth给某人做… 手术 医生给他做了癌症手术 The doctor gave an operation on him for cancer be in operation 这条规定生效了吗？ Is this rule in operation yet? come into operation 实施;生效 这项计划什么时候实施？ When will the plan come into operation?
Sentence and Expressions
The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.
• that 用以指代前面的 the mummy，以避免重 复。在指代特指的事物时，尤其是在比较状 语从句中，常用that 和those 指代前面提到 的事物。 这里的生活费用比伦敦的要低。 The cost of living here is lower than that in London. • that of 和those of 一般用于较正式的文体中 美国的面积比英国的大。 The area of the USA is larger than that of Britain. 汤姆的笔比其他男孩的要好。 Tom's pen is better than that of the other boys.
新概念二册第80课详细解析学习资料
新概念二册第80课详细解析Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851.1、首先这句话是一个由which 引导的非限定性定语从句，这个定语从句的主句是一个一般过去时的简单句，结构为主系表，从句又是一个一般过去时的被动语态。
非限定性定语从句和限定性定语从句的区别--非限定性定语从句关系代词前用逗号隔开，去掉不影响主句。
限定性定语从句从句与主句关系密切，不可以去掉。
2、the most extraordinary building 这是形容词的最高级3、of the nineteenth century 介词短语做后置定语4、Be built for为...而建造5、Of 1851是介词短语做后置定语修饰the Great ExhibitionThe Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass.1、这是一个由for引导的原因状语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句也是一般过去时。
2、主句：A is different from B用来表示A不用于BA is the same asB A和B 一样In the world 是介词短语做后置定语用来修饰buildings从句：be made of & be made from 区别第一种方式：be made of可见原材料Be made from 不可见原材料第二种方式：be made of由一种材料制成Be made from 由多种材料制成It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it.1、这句话是由and 连接的并列句2、Of all time “空前的史无前例的”3、one of the biggest buildings翻译为“最大的建筑之一”One of +可数名词复数“...之一”,这种表达比直接用形容词的最高级要委婉一些。
(完整版)新概念英语第二册笔记_第77课
Lesson 77 A successful operation一例成功的手术【Text】The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation. The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes. As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. The doctors removed a section of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory. They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef. This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy. The doctors have not yet decided how the woman died. They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. The mummy successfully survived the operation.【课文翻译】死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术。
新概念英语第二册77课(课堂PPT)
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• They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show: a small wax figure of the god Duamutef.
• wax-apple
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• This god which has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.
• which 引导的分句为非限定性关系从句，因为 它前后都有逗号。非限定性关系从句提供补充 信息，往往可以略去。
• 逗号的取舍有时对句子的意思有很大影响：
• The government which promises to cut taxes will be popular.
• The government, which promises to cut taxes, will be popular.
的史书中，平时一般不用。
• A.D. 应该写在年数之前, B.C. 应该写在年数之 后
• 由公元前三百年到公元四百年
• from 300 B.C. to A.D. 400
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• Operation • have an operation (on sb) 动手术 • 他鼻子动了手术 • He had an operation on his nose. • give an operation on sb for sth给某人做…手术 • 医生给他做了癌症手术 • The doctor gave an operation on him for cancer • be in operation • 这条规定生效了吗？ • Is this rule in operation yet? • come into operation 实施;生效
新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson76、77、78】
【导语】新概念英语作为⼀套世界闻名的英语教程，以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容和全⾯的技能训练，深受⼴⼤英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。
为了⽅便同学们的学习，为⼤家整理了⾯的新概念第⼆册课⽂翻译及学习笔记，希望为⼤家的新概念英语学习提供帮助!《新概念英语》第⼆册第76课: April Fools' Day【课⽂】First listen and then answer the question.听录⾳，然后回答以下问题。
What was the joke?'To end our special news bulletin,' said the voice of the television announcer, 'we're going over to the macaroni fields of Calabria. Macaroni has been grown in this area for over six hundred years. Two of the leading growers, Giuseppe Moldova and Riccardo Brabante, tell me that they have been expecting a splendid crop this year and harvesting has begun earlier than usual. Here you can see two workers who, between them, have just finished cutting three cartloads of golden brown macaroni stalks. The whole village has been working day and night gathering and threshing this year's crop before the September rains. On the right, you can see Mrs. Brabante herself. She has been helping her husband for thirty years now. Mrs. Brabante is talking to the manager of the local factory where the crop is processed. This last scene shows you what will happen at the end of the harvest: the famous Calabrian macaroni-eating competition! Signor Fratelli, the present champion, has won it every year since 1991. And that ends our special bulletin for today, Thursday, April lst. We're now going back to the studio.'【课⽂翻译】“作为我们专题新闻节⽬的结尾，”电视⼴播员说，“我们现在到克拉布利亚的通⼼粉⽥⾥。
新概念英语第二册习惯用语总结：Lesson 77
新概念英语第二册习惯用语总结：Lesson 77 1.fall v. 跌倒；摔倒；失势；下降fall over oneself 全力，竭尽所能例句：He fell over himself and did an excellent job on the presentation.他全力以赴，发言做得很棒。
fall into...分成(can be divided into several parts)例句：1.All the environmental problems fall into three categories.所有环境问题可分为三类。
2.The development of English language fall into three reasonably distant periods.英语语言的发展能够分为三个不同的时期。
boratory n. 实验室；研究室laboratory assistant实验室助理例句：The laboratory assistant swept off the broken glass．实验室助理员把碎玻璃打扫走了。
3.mark n. 1．标记2．分数，斑点 n. 1．记分 2．作标记mark (grade, score) the papers 阅卷，判卷(to givemark/grade/score to the papers)A：Did you say that your teaching assistant would mark the exam papers?你是说由你的助教来判卷吗？B：No. I said that he would collect the papers. I'll grade them myself.不，我是说他收卷，我将亲自判卷。
4.section n. 一块；一都分editorial section （报纸的）社论版A：Would you pass me the sports section, please?你能不能把体育版给我？B：Sure, if you pass me the classified ads and editorial section.当然，那你把分类广告版和社论版给我。
新概念英语第二册Lesson77详细内容讲解分析
The only way to do this was to operate. The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin. the only way to do sth. 做某事的唯一办法 e.g. 成功的唯一办法是勤奋工作。
The doctor gave an operation on him for cancer.
As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummy, doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease. strange marks 奇怪的斑点 on the X-ray plates 在X光片上 die of 死于......，因......而死（后面跟名词） e.g. 那个男人死于重感冒。
Duamutef
胃、 肠、 肺和 肝脏被分别保存在4个罐子里，传 说这四个罐子由 荷鲁斯（Horus）的四个儿子分 别保管：多姆泰夫（Duamutef）保管 胃，凯布 山纳夫（Qebshenuf）保管 肠，哈碧（Hapi）保 管 肺，艾姆谢特（Imset）保管 肝脏。
They feared that the mummy would fall to pieces when they cut it open, but fortunately this has not happened. fall to pieces = go to pieces 碎成碎片，散掉 e.g. 在暴风雨中，这座老房子散架了。
新概念英语二讲义77-78
Lesson77 A successful operation Vocabulary1. beat sb to a mummy 把…打死2. Egyptian a. 埃及的Egpt n. 埃及3. the temple of art 艺术的殿堂4. on your marks, get set, go! 各就各位，预备，跑！5. last v. 持续lasting a. 持续的6. prove that 显示7. skin n. 皮肤skinny a. 皮包骨头的8. great figure in history 历史上的大人物9. survive v. 幸免于survivor a. 幸存者Text1. have an operation 接受手术Perform an operation on sb for…给…做术2. that of 指代上文提到的Eg: the population of Beijing is much largererthan that of Shengzhen.3. take the plates of 拍片子4. die of 死于某种疾病或身体和心理方面的事由Eg: He died of old age.die from 因事故死亡Eg: He died from the car accident.5. prove to be= turn out to be 结果是6. because of + 短语Because + 句子7. send sb sth = send sth to sb8. fail to do 失败fail sthnot fail to do 成功做…Lesson 78 The last one? Vocabulary1. calm down 冷静2. nerve v. 神经nerverous a. 紧张的3. concentration n. 集中centre a. 中心concentrate v. 使集中4. produce v. 拿出production n. 产品productive a. 多产的5. satisfy v. 满意Satisfaction n. 满意Text1. be sure that 确信2. not at all 根本3. give up doing 放弃4. make no effort to do 不努力make an effort to do 竭尽全力5. keep on doing 继续6. amusement n. 好奇amuse v.amusing a.amused a.7. urge sb to do 促使…做…8. return to do 还…9. point out 指出10. be delight to do 高兴。
新概念2第77课(定语从句)
The students have prepared for the exam. （已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。
3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate， hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完
2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。 She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。
3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。 We’ve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently. 最近我们经常见面。
观察者为了重现示范动作和产生最佳的行为模式必须具备一定的运动技能这一方面需要机体的成熟另一方面需要不断实践
Lesson 77 A successful operation
Operation n. 操作；实施；[外科] 手术；运算 1)手术：have an operation (on sb.)动手术
last vi. 1)持续，延续 (没有被动语态)
会议进行了3个小时 The meeting lasts three hours. 两国的战争一直持续到1453年。 The war between the two countries
lasted until 1453. 2)最不可能…的,最不…的 (most unlikely)
GGrParhm armmam saera：：r：
Thedriee boef++内n因.：+死介于词…短（语疾病），因…而死 一h现个da在字ive完e表f成b示roe时“me：有n+h”t外ra；y因vie四n：dg个死o现n字于e在表…完示成“进客行观时存在” +介（E词现g:短在H语的e表之d示i前ed：，f存对ro在现m的在t位h一e置直a，有cc地影id点响en，，t.有但什做么完，没在做哪完里不确定） 所以现d翻在ie译完就o成f是f进：：行相“时有继奇：死怪h亡a的，v斑e种点b群e，e突在n然Xd光急o的in剧底g的片衰上减”
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沪江英语绿宝书之新概念277-80课知识点汇总一、词汇精讲lastv. 持续【常见用法】last for 保持；维持【例句】This good weather won’t last. 这样的好天气不会持续太久。
【常见用法】last+时间【例句】How long do you think this fine weather will last?你看这样的好天气能持续多久?【拓展记忆】adj. 最近的；最后的；最不可能的【例句】In the last resort we can always walk home.大不了我们走回家就是了。
provev. 显示出【常见用法】prove sb. wrong 证明某人错误sth./sb. prove to be sth. 某人某事被发现是；显示出是prove to be difficultprove to be usefulfiguren. 体形；人影；数字【常见用法】keep your figure 保持好身材【词组】double figures 两位数；a four figure number 四位数survivev. 幸免于【常见用法】survive sth. 幸免于survive sth. 熬过……，在……中存活下来【例句】Only two passengers survived the air-crash.这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。
【拓展记忆】survivor 幸存者entitlev. 授权；命名【常见用法】be entitled to do sth. 有权做某事【例句】She read a poem entitled The Apple Tree'.她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗。
【常见用法】sth. entitled ‘XXX’名为……的……【例句】The new book is entitled Love Story.这本新书名叫《爱情故事》。
calmv. 使镇定【常见用法】calm sb. sth down 使平静下来【例句】The calm sea gave no hint of the storm that was coming.平静的海上没有一点迹象显示暴风雨即将来临。
【拓展记忆】adj. 淡定sufferv. 受苦；受害【常见用法】suffer from…【例句】How can you suffer such insolence?你怎么能容忍这种蛮横的态度？You’ll suffer for it. 因it而吃苦头symptomn. 症状【词组】symptoms of menopause更年期症状symptom of hysteria.歇斯底里的症状urgev. 力劝；敦促【常见用法】urge sb. to do sth.【例句】They urged us to give our support.他们敦促我们给予支持。
【拓展记忆】urgent adj. 紧急的；急切的flight attendant 空姐（少）【拓展记忆】attendant 服务员steward(飞机，轮船，管家)-stewardess【拓展记忆】waiter-waitressfrightenedadj. 害怕的，受惊的【例句】She was frightened by a cur.她被一条杂种狗吓坏了。
【拓展记忆】frighten v. 使害怕；使惊恐frighten away 吓走fright n. 惊吓curiousadj. 好奇的；稀奇古怪的【常见用法】curious about【例句】curious about the origin of mankind/the structure of atoms 对人类的起源[原子的结构]有兴趣的plantv. 安放；安置【常见用法】plant a bomb 安放炸弹plant tomatoes and cucumbers 种植plant sth. on sb. 栽赃【例句】We planted beans and peas in the garden.我们在花园中种菜豆和豌豆.transplant 移植palacen.宫殿【常见用法】Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫【拓展记忆】the Crystal Palace 水晶宫Summer Palace 颐和园Palace Museum 故宫博物院extraordinaryadj. 不平常的，非凡的【记忆方法】extra-ordinary→extraordinaryextra 额外的，另外的；格外【常见用法】extraordinary beauty 格外美丽【拓展记忆】extraordinarily~ difficult/successfulextracurricular 课外活动的variousadj. 各种各样的（注意发音）【拓展记忆】vary v. 改变【常见用法】various colours 各种各样的颜色【拓展记忆】variously adv.displayn. v. 展览；显示【常见用法】a display of ……的展示；表演be on display 正在展示profitn. 利润；收益【常见用法】net profit 净利润，纯利润gross profit 毛利润（税前）make profits 获利【例句】It will profit you nothing to do that.你做那件事没有什么好处。
二、词汇补充-die of/from 死于……die of starvation 饿死die from a heart attack因心脏病而死since, for, agosince+短暂性V./延续性V. ，完成时标志for+时间段ago ……之前，一般过去时1.He stayed with us for two weeks.2.She arrived two weeks ago.3.I have not seen him since Monday.4.He has been ringing up continually since lunchtime.5.We waited for ages.6.He left a month ago and I have not seen him since then.7.It has not rained since March.8.My grandparents lived here a long time ago.9.I have not heard from him since 1993.We have been working on this new plane for over a year now.-give up & give in【例句】Never give up! 永不言弃！【例句】They would rather die than give in. 宁死不屈！-make no effort to do sth. 毫无掩饰；毫不努力……make great efforts to do sth. 尽全力做某事take 词组-take off 起飞；脱掉take sb. off ：He is always taking his teacher off. 模仿（取笑）take after sb.: Y oung Tom takes after his father. 长得像take up: That wardrobe takes up a lot of space. 占用；占据take in, take over, take down, take to…带on的短语on showon dutyon footon duty…on second thoughts…a/an-一个，一1）a/an & onea/an: 强调单数，个eg: I’m a painter.one: 强调数目，一个eg: There’s only one painter in the house.固定搭配2）a & an后接名词第一个音节（非字母）a universitya European country u [ju:]an ugly face u [ ]the （特指）这个，那个最高序数the先行，二次提出the来引；形容词前属同类，复数姓氏一家人；江河湖海岛峡湾，演奏一曲浪涛翻；心照不宣你我间，独一无二就用它。
some, any1)some多用于肯定句；any多用于否定句和疑问句2)疑问句中希望得到肯定回答，多用someeg: Could I have some water?3) any表示‘任何，任一’【例句】Let me know if you need any help. 你需要任何帮助就告诉我。
1.I’m making some coffee. Do you want some/any?2.Exports have increased this year.3.My dog is afraid of thunder and lightning.4.The boy was sent to a school for the deaf.5.Tax laws help the rich.6.I spent the evening listening to some music.7.Crime does not pay.8.Would you like an apple or an orange?9.Are you an artist or a musician?Do you take sugar in your tea?三、语法精讲比较级和最高级the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century one of the biggest buildings of all timeThe most wonderful piece of machinery on show travelling was not as easy as it is todayone of the most famous buildings-one of + 最高级+n.复数+of all time(史上；有史以来) 【例句】He is one of the kindest leaders of all time.他是有史以来最善良的领导之一。
定语从句：关键词：先行词&关系词分类：限制性定语从句（无逗号）非限制性定语从句（有逗号）关系代词：who/whom, which, that, whose关系副词：when, where, why独立主格的主语非句子主语，其逻辑主语独立存在。