江苏省无锡市第一中学2020—2021学年高三上学期开学考试(解析版)

无锡市第一中学2020—2021学年度第一学期初检测试卷
高三英语
注意事项：
考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求：
1．本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。

2．答卷前，务必将姓名、班级、学号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3．请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题卡指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。

一．听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What does the man always do on Saturday?
A. See a film.
B. Have a class.
C. Review his notes.
2. How does the woman deal with difficult lectures?
A. By recording them.
B. By talking with lecturers.
C. By attending them again.
3. Where will the man fetch his notebook?
A. In the library.
B. In the classroom.
C. In the teachers’ office.
4. What kind of music does the man often listen to?
A. Jazz music.
B. Classical music.
C. Rock music.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Sarah’s happy retirement.
B. The man’s art classes.
C. Their hobbies.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6. Why does the man apologize to the woman?
A. He lost her dictionary.
B. He made her desk dirty.
C. He damaged her glasses.
7. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Buy her an ice cream.
B.Look up some new words.
C. Tidy up her desk carefully. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

8. What makes the man change his appointment? A. An unexpected visitor. B. His urgent problem at work. C. The traffic due to the bad weather. 9. When will the man meet Dr. Martin?
A. On Wednesday.
B. On Thursday.
C. On Friday.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。

10. What can people enjoy in Richmond?
A. Local foods.
B. Local artworks.
C. Local shopping centers.
11. How far away is Sun Valley from Richmond?
A. 5 minutes’ walk.
B. 10 minutes’ walk.
C. 15 minutes’ bike ride.
12. Where do the speakers decide to stay?
A. In a tent.
B. In a hotel.
C. In a villager’s house.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.
B. Journalist and sportsman.
C. Interviewer and job applicant.
14.What does the man think of a teacher’s work?
A. Easy.
B. Boring.
C. Challenging.
15.What does the man like doing best?
A. Playing sports.
B. Watching sports.
C. Teaching sports.
16.What does the man value most about doing sports?
A. Teach the young important life lessons.
B. Try to maintain mental well-being.
C. Make efforts to keep physically fit.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。

17. What does V olterman’s Smart Wallet focus on?
A. The function.
B. The design.
C. The security.
18.What will inform you of your phone and wallet being apart?
A. The alarm.
B. The camera.
C. The GPS tracker.
19.What can you receive if someone opens your wallet secretly?
A. A picture of him.
B. A voice from the phone.
C. A message from the wallet.
20.Why is V olterman’s Smart Wallet suitable for travel?
A. It doesn’t need to recharge.
B. It is light and easy to carry.
C. It has a large capacity for pictures.
二、阅读理解
第一节
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Basic Study Manual Hard cover: $37.50
Future success depends on the ability to learn. Here are the answers to the questions most often asked by parents, teachers, business trainers and by students themselves. Read this book and learn:
●What the three barriers to study are and what to do about them
●What to do if you get tired of the subject you are studying
●Twenty­six simple drills to help you learn how to study easily, rapidly and with full understanding
Buy and read Basic Study Manual and use it to dramatically improve your ability to study.
Study Skills for Life Hard cover: $31.99
L.Ron Hubbard’s study technology for teenagers opens the door to their future success by giving them the ability to study and learn, fully illustrated for easy comprehension.
Learning How to Learn Hard cover: $24.99
The basics of effective study for 8- to 12 -year -olds is fully illustrated. Children who read and apply the materials in this book regain their liking for study and their ability to apply this knowledge to life. Get this book for a child you want to see wins at his studies!
How to Use a Dictionary: Picture Book for Children Hardcover: $34.90
In spite of millions of dollars spent on “educational research”, children are no t taught the most basic skills of learning even the most basic of these: how to use a dictionary. In fact, a search of educational books for children found no book that told them how to use a dictionary or that one should. Written for children from 8 to 12 years old, this fully illustrated book will teach your children:
●How to find words in a dictionary
●The different ways that words are used
●What the different marks and symbols that are used in a dictionary mean
●How to use a dictionary to correctly pron ounce words
It includes a section for parents and teachers showing you how to use this book with children. Buy this book and give it to your children to unlock their education. What’s more, you’ll just pay 50% for it before May 1,2016.
1. What do the four books have in common?
A. They are all for 8 -to 12 -years -olds
B. They are all written by L,Ron Hubbard
C. They are all study books
D. They are all based on educational research
2. If you buy the four books on April 1, 2016, you will have to pay _______ for them.
A. $129.38
B. $64.69
C. $34.90
D. $111.93
3. The purpose of the passage is to _______.
A. introduce the four books to readers
B. help children to learn English
C. provide the four books to students
D. enrich students’ knowledge about nature
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。

本文是一则广告，向学生介绍四本书，希望学生购买。

【1题详解】
细节理解题。

根据四本书的名字“Basic Study Manual, Study Skills for Life, Learning How to Learn, Learning How to Learn”可知，他们都是学习的书，故选C。

【2题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文章最后一句“What’s more, you’ll just pay 50% for it before May 1, 2006.”可知，“How to Use a Dictionary: Picture Book for Children Hardcover: $34.90”这本书在5月之前买，只要半价，$17.45。

所以四本书的价格总和：$37.50+$31.99+$24.99+$17.45=$111.93，故选D。

【3题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段Buy this book and give it to your children to unlock their education. What’s more, you’ll just pay 50% for it before May 1,2016.可知，本文是一则广告，向学生介绍四本书，希望学生购买，故选A。

B
Why elephants rarely get cancer is a mystery that has confused scientists for decades. A study was led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah and Arizona State University, including researchers from the Ringling Bros. Center for Elephant Conservation may have found the answer. According to the results, elephants have 38 additional modified copies of a gene (基因) that encodes p53, a well-defined tumor (肿瘤) suppressor, as compared to humans, who have only two. Further, elephants may have a more powerful mechanism for killing damaged cells that are at risk for becoming cancerous. In isolated elephant cells, this activity is doubled compared to healthy human cells, and five times that of cells from patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, who have only one working copy of p53 and more than a 90 percent lifetime cancer risk in children and adults. The results suggest extra p53 could explain eleph ants’ increased resistance to cancer.
“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer. It’s up to us to learn how different animals overcome the problem so we can adapt those strategies to prevent cancer in people,” says co-senior author Joshua Schiffman, M.D., pediatric oncologist (肿瘤学家) at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, and Primary Children’s Hospital.
According to Schiffman, elephants have long been considered a walking problem. Because they have 100 times as many cells as people, they should be 100 times more likely to have a cell slip into a cancerous state and cause the disease over their long life span of 50 to 70 years. And yet it’s believed that elephants get cancer less often, a theory confirmed in this study. Analysis of a large database of elephant deaths estimates a cancer death rate of less than 5
percent compared to 11 to 25 percent in people.
4. Why do humans often get cancer compared to elephants according to the passage?
A. Elephants are bigger than humans.
B. Elephants have more p53 than humans.
C. Elephants are not as clever as humans.
D. Elephants eat more than humans.
5. Which of the following is right according to the passage?
A. Some damaged cells may be dangerous.
B. Some damaged cells are not dangerous.
C. Some damaged cells can’t be cancerous.
D. Some damaged cells in elephants’ bodies are more dangerous than those in humans’ bodies.
6. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Elephants have more cells than people.
B. Elephants can get cancer easily.
C. Elephants seldom die from cancer.
D. Elephants often die from cancer.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Elephants help us
B. Learn from Nature
C. How to deal with cancer
D. Nature helps us prevent cancer
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类，从科学的角度对大象和人类的体内细胞和一些基因进行了对比来说明。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中According to the results, elephants have 38 additional modified copies of a gene that encodes p53, a well-defined tumor suppressor, as compared to humans, who have only two.（根据研究结果，与只有两个p53基因的人类相比，大象多了38个编码p53基因的修改副本。

p53是一种定义明确的肿瘤抑制因子。

）可知，大象有38个基因p53，而人类只有两个，所以大象有更强大的机制来杀死受损有癌变危险的细胞。

故选B。

【5题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中Further, elephants may have a more powerful mechanism for killing damaged cells that are at risk for becoming cancerous.可知，有些受损细胞会有癌变的危险。

故选A。

【6题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中And yet it’s believed that elephants get cancer less often, a theory confirmed in this study. Analysis of a large database of elephant deaths estimates a cancer death rate of less than 5 percent compared to 11 to 25 percent in people.（然而，据信大象患癌症的几率较低，这一理论在这项研究中得到了证实。

对一个大型大象死亡数据库的分析估计，大象的癌症死亡率低于5%，而人类的癌症死亡率为11%至25%。

）可知，大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类。

故选C。

【7题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段Why elephants rarely get cancer is a mystery that has confused scientists for decades.
A study was led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah and Arizona State University, including researchers from the Ringling Bros. Center for Elephant Conservation may have found the answer.（为什么大象很少患癌症是一个困扰了科学家几十年的谜。

犹他大学和亚利桑那州立大学亨茨曼癌症研究所(HCI)的研究人员，包括林林兄弟大象保护中心的研究人员，领导了一项研究，可能已经找到了答案。

）以及文章主要讲述了大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类，从科学的角度对大象和人类的体内细胞和一些基因进行了对比来说明。

体现了大自然帮助人类预防癌症。

分析选项可知A. Elephants help us“大象帮助我们”，文章并未说明大象直接帮助了人类，而是人类通过研究发现大象身上有助于预防癌症的细胞，故A 选项不能体现文章主要内容；B. Learn from Nature“向大自然学习”范围太过宽泛，且没有体现文章中提到的大象身上提取的有助于预防癌细胞的事情，故排除B选项；C. How to deal with cancer“如何解决癌症”，文章没有提到直接解决癌症的方法，故不符合文章标题，排除C选项；D. Nature helps us prevent cancer“大自然帮助我们预防癌症”能够体现文章主要内容，故选D。

【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。

1) 主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。

如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。

2) 找准文章的主题句是关键。

“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。

在答题时，我们可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。

3.) 无明显主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。

抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。

如第四小题，根据文章第一段Why elephants rarely get cancer is a mystery that has confused scientists for decades.
A study was led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI) at the University of Utah and Arizona State University, including researchers from the Ringling Bros. Center for Elephant Conservation may have found the answer.（为什么大象很少患癌症是一个困扰了科学家几十年的谜。

犹他大学和亚利桑那州立大学亨茨曼癌症研究所(HCI)的研究人员，包括林林兄弟大象保护中心的研究人员，领导了一项研究，可能已经找到了答案。

）以及文章主要讲述了大象患癌症的几率要远远低于人类，从科学的角度对大象和人类的体内细胞和一
些基因进行了对比来说明。

体现了大自然帮助人类预防癌症。

分析选项可知A. Elephants help us“大象帮助我们”，文章并未说明大象直接帮助了人类，而是人类通过研究发现大象身上有助于预防癌症的细胞，故A 选项不符合文章主要内容；B. Learn from Nature“向大自然学习”范围太过宽泛，且没有体现文章中提到的大象身上提取的有助于预防癌细胞的事情，故排除B选项；C. How to deal with cancer“如何解决癌症”，文章没有提到直接解决癌症的方法，故不符合文章标题。

排除C选项；D. Nature helps us prevent cancer“大自然帮助我们预防癌症”能够体现文章主要内容，故选D。

C
One evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path .That’s when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.
Ceely’s near miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS,but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,” she told the BBC.
Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceely’s story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And it’s not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.
The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor singalling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesn’t say.
It’s a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe it’s also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors.
The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.
If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.
8. What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident？
A. She was not familiar with the road.
B. It was dark and raining heavily then.
C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.
D. Her GPS device didn’t tell her about the crossing.
9. The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by______.
A. close hit
B. heavy loss
C. narrow escape
D. big mistake
10. Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?
A. Modern technology is what we can’t live without.
B. Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.
C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.
D. GPS error is not the only cause for Ceely’s accident.
11. In the writer’s opinion, Stevenson’s argument is _______.
A. one-sided
B. reasonable
C. puzzling
D. well-based
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
文章是一篇说明文。

文章讲述了一个因为导航仪出错误而引起的事故，告诉大家现代的仪器也会出问题，不要过于依赖他们。

人类对于很多技术并不是完全了解，需要加强学习。

【8题详解】
细节理解题。

根据文章第二段1行“It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing天很黑，雨下得很大。

塞莉依靠她的全球定位系统，但它没有提到十字路口。

所以Paula Ceely 认为事故的原因是她的导航仪没有告诉她这里有十字路口，故选D项。

【9题详解】
词句猜测题。

根据文章第一段“Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.”可知，她的雷诺Clio停在一条铁路线上。

几秒钟后，她看着火车把她的车拖下了将近一公里的铁轨。

由此可知，她很幸运，九死一生，没有被撞。

故选C项。

【10题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章第三段“We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not
up to the job.”他说，我们对数字设备充满信心，但我们的数字助手常常无法胜任工作。

由此判断出，Rick Stevenson认为现代的很多装置经常不能符合我们的期望值。

故选B项。

【11题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章第4段“The problem with his argument in the book is that it’s not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes.”他在书中的论点的问题在于，不清楚他为什么只关注数字技术，而可能还有其他一些可能的原因需要弄清楚。

由此判断出，他的争论只是单方的。

故选A项。

D
September is an exciting month in every college freshman's life. For many, it's the first time that they've left home to live in a new environment. But after the hustle and bustle of a few weeks, excitement gives way to a less enjoyable emotion—homesickness.
Homesickness manifests itself in many ways. You may miss mum's cooking, your pets, or even your old bed. All this becomes a fond memory of the past. Homesickness can be a bitter feeling for many students, especially when faced with the challenges of settling into an unfamiliar environment.
But remember, you're not alone. According to a recent BBC article, 70 percent of British college students experience homesickness. In this increasingly globalized world in which people migrate to faraway places for a relationship, education or work, homesickness is a feeling shared by many adults.
Homesickness can have similar symptoms to depression and in extreme cases it can develop into a panic attack. As for the term, homesickness or nostalgia wasn't invented until the 17th century. It was considered a disorder by a Swiss physician, who attributed soldiers' mental and physical discomfort to their longing to return home, "nostos" from Greek, and the accompanying pain, "algos".
Studies in recent years, however, have shown that nostalgia may have some benefits to our mental health. After a decade of surveys and researches, Constantine Sedikides, a US social psychologist, found that nostalgia is what makes us human. He explains that nostalgia can resist loneliness, boredom and anxiety. Therefore, it's necessary for college students to learn some ways to overcome the uncomfortable feeling.
12. From the first two paragraphs, we can infer that ________.
A. homesickness means a fond memory of the past
B. only a few students will experience homesickness
C. homesickness is an enjoyable emotion among freshmen
D. college freshmen usually suffer from homesickness after weeks
13. According to the passage, we can know that ________.
A. homesickness may cause mental diseases
B. homesickness is a feeling only shared by adults
C. homesickness won't do any good to our health
D. homesickness is also called nostalgia in Switzerland
14. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A. some benefits about homesickness
B. other problems in college freshmen's life
C. how to make campus life more meaningful
D. some tips on how to cope with homesickness
15. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Let's embrace homesickness
B. How to fit into the college life
C. A harmful emotion—homesickness
D. The disadvantages of homesickness
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍大学新生常有的思乡情绪，虽然这种情绪在极端情况下可能会导致精神上的疾病，但同时作者也指出思乡是很正常的，它也可以带来一些好处。

【12题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第一段But after the hustle and bustle of a few weeks, excitement gives way to a less enjoyable emotion—homesickness.可知但在几个星期的喧嚣之后，兴奋让位于一种不那么愉快的情绪——思乡。

由此可推知，大学生经常在几个星期后开始想家，故选D项。

【13题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第四段Homesickness can have similar symptoms to depression and in extreme cases it can develop into a panic attack.可知思乡病的症状与抑郁相似，在极端情况下，它可以发展成恐慌发作。

由此可知，思乡病可能会导致精神疾病，故选A项。

【14题详解】
推理判断题。

根据最后一段中Therefore, it's necessary for college students to learn some ways to overcome the uncomfortable feeling.可知因此，大学生有必要学习一些方法来克服这种不舒服的感觉。

由此可推知，接下来最有可能讨论的是如何处理想家的问题，故选D项。

【15题详解】
主旨大意题。

根据第一段September is an exciting month in every college freshman's life. For many, it's the first time that they've left home to live in a new environment. But after the hustle and bustle of a few weeks, excitement gives way to a less enjoyable emotion—homesickness.可知九月是每个大学新生生活中令人兴奋的一个月。

对许多人来说，这是他们第一次离开家，在一个新的环境中生活。

但在几个星期的喧嚣之后，兴奋让位于一
种不那么愉快的情绪——思乡。

结合文章介绍大学新生常有的思乡的情绪，虽然思乡这种情绪在极端情况下可能会导致精神上的疾病，但同时作者也指出思乡是很正常的，它也可以带来一些好处。

故A项“让我们接受思乡病吧”最符合文章标题。

故选A。

第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Health Benefits of Gardening
Gardening is popular in many parts of the world. This outdoor activity gives us beautiful plants, pleasant smelling flowers and fresh fruits and vegetables. But it also gives us many health benefits.
___16___ Gardening connects people. When you are gardening,you are outdoors. So it is a perfect time to socialize with your neighbors. Gardening can greatly widen a person’s community. Some people may not have the resources to have their own gardens. So, many cities and towns have community gardens. You can either volunteer or just visit to learn more.
___17___
Gardening is a great activity to do with children, It gets families outdoors and off computers, televisions and other electronics. Gardening can be a great teacher. Children can learn about nature and wildlife. Gardening can teach a child about where food comes from and healthy eating.
Getting Vitamin D
When you are in your garden, you might feel the sunshine on your skin. This means you are getting Vitamin D. Vitamin D helps your bodies use calcium (钙). ___18___. Vitamin D also helps you fight diseases.
Doing more exercise
Also, when you garden, you must move around, All the different movements needed for gardening—bending, twisting, stretching and lifting-work small muscles in the body.___19___.
Reducing stress
___20___. A study by the Netherlands found that gardening may reduce the stress hormone cortisol (激素皮质醇) in the brain. Scientists say that high levels of cortisol in the body interfere (干扰) with learning and memory. It can also increase a perso n’s weight, blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
A. Reducing loneliness
B. Getting along with children
C. That is necessary to keep bones strong
D. Gardening may help you stay energetic
E. Gardening may also help you to feel calm and happy
F. What you grow in a garden usually looks, smells, feels and tastes really good
G. And you can easily get a good workout when you are digging holes or pulling weeds
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了园艺对人们身体健康方面的几个作用。

【16题详解】
分析文章结构，文章从第二段起每段都有小标题，也是该段的主题句；小标题的形式都是动名词短语；该空位于段落开头，应该是该段的小标题；该段下文提到“园艺将人们联系起来”“这是一个与你的邻居社交的完美时间。

”该段的主题是关于园艺对促进人与人之间关系方面的好处。

选项A意思为：减少孤独，符合该段的主题。

故选A项。

【17题详解】
该空位于段落开头，应该也是该段的小标题；该段下文提到“园艺可以让一家人走出家门，远离电脑。

”“园艺可以是一个好老师，教会孩子们了解大自然、教会孩子食物的来源和健康饮食。

”该段的主题是关于园艺可以让孩子走出家门，对孩子的教育方面的好处。

选项B意思为：与孩子相处，符合该段的主题。

故选B 项。

【18题详解】
该空线索是代词指代。

选项C意思为：这对保持骨骼强壮是必要的。

选项C 中“this”指代空前一句“维生素D有助于你的身体对钙的利用”。

选项C是顺承空前一句的话题。

故选C项。

【19题详解】
该段小标题是“做更多的锻炼”；选项G意思为：当你挖洞或拔草时，你可以很容易地得到很好的锻炼。

选项G是关于园艺对身体锻炼方面的好处，符合该段的主题。

故选G项。

【20题详解】
该段小标题是“减少压力”；选项E意思为：园艺也可以帮助你感到平静和快乐。

选项C是关于园艺在减少压力、平静人的情绪方面的好处，符合该段的主题。

故选E项。

三、语言知识运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

“Mama，when I grow up，I’m going to be one of those！” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three.It was the first time that my___21___took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training.As I grew older and was___22___to more，my interests in the world of
dance___23___varied but that little girl’s dream of someday becoming a___24___in the company never left me.In the summer of 2005 when I was 18，I received the phone call which made that dream a___25___； I became a member of the company___26___back to 1925.
As I look back on that day now，it surely___27___any sense of reality.I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief___28___I was halfway through rehearsals(排练) on my first day.I never actually___29___to get the job.After being offered the position，I was completely___30___.I remember shaking with excitement.
Though I was absolutely thrilled with the change，it did not come without its fair share of___31___.Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week，I found it vital to___32___up the material fast with every last bit of concentration.It is that extreme___33___to detail(细节) and stress on practice that set us___34___.To then follow those high-energy rehearsals___35___a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day，I discovered a new___36___of the words “hard work”．What I thought were my physical___37___were pushed much further than I thought___38___.I learned to make each performance better than the last.
Today，when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great___39___of being a part of，not only as a member，but as a dance captain，I see a___40___that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow—and inspires people every day to follow their dreams.
21. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word
22. A. connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended
23. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently
24. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer
25. A. symbol B. memory C. truth D. reality
26. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking
27. A. lacks B. adds C. makes D. brings
28. A. while B. since C. until D. when
29. A. cared B. expected C. asked D. decided
30. A. motivated B. relaxed C. convinced D. astonished
31. A. challenges B. profits C. advantages D. adventures
32. A. put B. mix C. build D. pick
33. A. attention B. association C. attraction D. adaptation
34. A. apart B. aside C. off D. back
35. A. over B. by C. with D. beyond
36. A. function B. meaning C. expression D. usage
37. A. boundaries B. problems C. barriers D. efforts
38. A. necessary B. perfect C. proper D. possible
39. A. talent B. honor C. potential D. responsibility
40. A. victory B. trend C. tradition D. desire
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31.
A 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. C 36.
B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。

作者通过亲身经历告诉我们原本认为不可能的事通过努力也会成为可能，我们要挑战自己的极限，时刻鼓舞自己去实现梦想。

【21题详解】
考查名词。

句意：这是我的梦想第一次以一种生动的形式出现，并成为我开始训练的重要的东西。

A. hobby 爱好；B. plan计划；C. dream 梦想；D. word话语。

此处指我想当舞蹈家的梦想第一次具体化的表现出来，根据句意选C.
【22题详解】
考查动词。

句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的东西越来越多，我对舞蹈的兴趣也越来越多，但那个小女孩想成为舞蹈团一员的梦想从未离开过我。

A connected 连接；B. expanded 扩大；C. exposed显露，暴露；D. extended延伸。

expose to“处于……影响”，此处指随着不断长大我受更多东西的影响。

故选C.
【23题详解】
考查副词。

句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的东西越来越多，我对舞蹈的兴趣也越来越多，但那个小女孩想成为舞蹈团一员的梦想从未离开过我。

A. rarely很少地；B. certainly当然；C. probably或许；D. consistently 一致地。

此处指我对舞蹈的兴趣当然改变了，有了不同的理解。

故选B.
【24题详解】
考查名词。

句意：随着年龄的增长，接触到的东西越来越多，我对舞蹈的兴趣也越来越多，但那个小女孩想成为舞蹈团一员的梦想从未离开过我。

A. director导演；B. trainer训练员；C. leader领导；D. dancer舞蹈家。

此处指一个小女孩想成为舞蹈家的梦想一直没离开过我。

与上文内容呼应故选D.
【25题详解】
考查名词。

句意：2005年夏天，当我18岁的时候，我接到了一个电话，让我的梦想变成了现实。

A. symbol 象征，符号；B. memory记忆；C. truth真理；D. reality现实。

我接到了一个使我梦想变为现实的电话，根据下文可知进入了舞蹈团参加了舞蹈排练，故选D.
【26题详解】
考查动词。

句意：我成为了公司的一员，这可以追溯到1925年。

A. bouncing弹跳；B. dating 约会，定日期；
C. turning旋转；
D. tracking跟踪。

date back“追溯到，回溯到”，此处指首都舞蹈公司开始于1925年，故选B.
【27题详解】
考查动词。

句意：当我现在回想起那天的情景时，它肯定缺乏任何现实感。

A. lacks缺少；B. adds增加；C. makes制作；D. brings带来。

我现在回想那时，确实缺失现实感。

指总觉得不是真的，故选A.
【28题详解】
考查连词。

句意：我相信我一直保持着一种愉快的难以置信的状态，直到我第一天排练到一半。

A. while 当……时；B. since因为，既然；C. until直到；D. when当……时。

我一直处于一种兴奋的怀疑状态直到第一天排练了一半才感觉是真的。

根据句意选C.
【29题详解】
考查动词。

句意：我从来没有真正期望得到这份工作。

A. Cared关心；B. Expected预期；C. Asked问；D. Decided 决定。

此处指事实上我并没有过多期望得到那份工作，根据句意选B.
【30题详解】
考查动词。

句意：被录用后，我惊呆了，我还记得当时激动得浑身发抖。

A. motivated激发；B. relaxed放松；
C. convinced使确信；
D. astonished吃惊。

因为没想到所以给了我这个机会后我完全震惊了，我兴奋地颤抖。

根据情境选D.
【31题详解】
考查名词。

句意：尽管我对这一变化感到非常兴奋，但它也带来了不少挑战。

A. challenges挑战；B. profits 收益；C. advantages优势；D. adventures冒险。

虽然我很兴奋，但它也给我带来了公平分配的挑战。

此处指我也有压力，故选A.
【32题详解】
考查动词。

句意：在每周6天的严格排练期间，我发现非常重要的一点是，要尽快掌握材料，每一点注意力都要集中。

A. put放；B. mix混合；C. build 建造；D. pick 挑选。

此处指快速挑选材料很重要。

故选D. 【33题详解】
考查名词。

句意：正是对细节的极度关注和对练习的高度重视使我们与众不同。

A. attention注意；B. association 协会，联盟；C. attraction 吸引；D. adaptation适应。

是对细节的特别注意。

故选A.
【34题详解】
考查形容词。

句意：正是对细节的极度关注和对练习的高度重视使我们与众不同。

A. set apart使分离，区别；
B. set aside 留出，不顾；
C. set off 出发；
D. set back推迟。

细节的特别注意和排练的压力使我们有了差距，是这重要的两点拉开了我们的距离，故选A.。