翻译文本描写
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target-oriented discipline consisting of “carefully performed studies into well-defined corpuses or sets of problems.” (Toury 1995:1)
9
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• 5) Functions
existing
Criterion (or Type of condition)
Theoretical
Appropriate Verbs
Branch of Translation Studies
Can (under
Translation
certain
theory
circumstances
empirical
2
Company Logo
1. Major points of DTS
• “No empirical science can make a
claim for completeness and (relative) autonomy unless it has a proper descriptive branch.” (Toury 1995:1)
• A translation is taken to be “any target-
language utterance which is presented or regarded as such within the target culture, on whatever grounds.”
• Translation is taken “as it is” , “what a
translator actually does?” instead of “it should be”, or “what a translator can do, or should do”.
6
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• 3) systematic and global
• The focus is not personal,
is
DTS
required
A priori
4
Should be
Applied translation studies
Company Logo
• 1) Empirical
来自百度文库
• Descriptive translation studies is to
“describe the phenomena of translating and translation(s) as they manifest themselves in the world of our experience.”
• 4) Target text oriented • The translators operate first and
foremost in the interest of the culture into which they are translating, and not in the interest of the source text, let alone the source culture.
• DTS should start from the hypothesis
that translations are facts of one system only: the target system.
8
Company Logo
• Descriptive translation studies is a
10
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2. Hypothetical Scheme
author1
text1 Reader1 ≌ Author 2
text2
reader2
Author1’ Text1’ Reader1’
idiosyncracies or anecdotalism but systematicism; not local but global, not a particular piece of writing but a corpus of translated texts.
7
Company Logo
• DTS constitutes the best mans of
testing, refuting, and especially modifying and amending the very theory…to examine such areas as decision-making, translation norms the third code and universals of translation.
• Translation is the real communicative
events neither more or less than other linguistic events in the world.
3
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Type of relationship possible
• Translation(s) and translating could be
described objectively; a translator is a
modern doctor, instead of a witch.
5
Company Logo
• 2) Value-free and impartiality
翻译文本描写
翻译研究所 廖七一
Company Logo
Contents
1.Major points of DTS 2.Hypothetical Scheme 3.From the perspective of translation
process
4.From Newmark’s ten pullings 5.From Crystal and David’s dimensions 6.From literary criticism 7.The object to be described 8.Approaches to description
9
Company Logo
• 5) Functions
existing
Criterion (or Type of condition)
Theoretical
Appropriate Verbs
Branch of Translation Studies
Can (under
Translation
certain
theory
circumstances
empirical
2
Company Logo
1. Major points of DTS
• “No empirical science can make a
claim for completeness and (relative) autonomy unless it has a proper descriptive branch.” (Toury 1995:1)
• A translation is taken to be “any target-
language utterance which is presented or regarded as such within the target culture, on whatever grounds.”
• Translation is taken “as it is” , “what a
translator actually does?” instead of “it should be”, or “what a translator can do, or should do”.
6
Company Logo
• 3) systematic and global
• The focus is not personal,
is
DTS
required
A priori
4
Should be
Applied translation studies
Company Logo
• 1) Empirical
来自百度文库
• Descriptive translation studies is to
“describe the phenomena of translating and translation(s) as they manifest themselves in the world of our experience.”
• 4) Target text oriented • The translators operate first and
foremost in the interest of the culture into which they are translating, and not in the interest of the source text, let alone the source culture.
• DTS should start from the hypothesis
that translations are facts of one system only: the target system.
8
Company Logo
• Descriptive translation studies is a
10
Company Logo
2. Hypothetical Scheme
author1
text1 Reader1 ≌ Author 2
text2
reader2
Author1’ Text1’ Reader1’
idiosyncracies or anecdotalism but systematicism; not local but global, not a particular piece of writing but a corpus of translated texts.
7
Company Logo
• DTS constitutes the best mans of
testing, refuting, and especially modifying and amending the very theory…to examine such areas as decision-making, translation norms the third code and universals of translation.
• Translation is the real communicative
events neither more or less than other linguistic events in the world.
3
Company Logo
Type of relationship possible
• Translation(s) and translating could be
described objectively; a translator is a
modern doctor, instead of a witch.
5
Company Logo
• 2) Value-free and impartiality
翻译文本描写
翻译研究所 廖七一
Company Logo
Contents
1.Major points of DTS 2.Hypothetical Scheme 3.From the perspective of translation
process
4.From Newmark’s ten pullings 5.From Crystal and David’s dimensions 6.From literary criticism 7.The object to be described 8.Approaches to description