高中英语短文改错解题技巧

短文改错技巧

“短文改错”题是各类考试中的一个重要题型。尽管该题难度不大，但仍有一些同学在做此类题目时不得要领，因而得分甚少。本文结合高考试题(出处被略去)，对“短文改错”题中的常见错误加以分析，从中找出命题者设置错误的规律并介绍一些解题技巧。

可数名词的错误，名词所有格中“’s”的误置等。例如:

1. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.

2. In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.

它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易混动词的用法错误；动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。例如:

1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon...

2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.

3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill.

4. I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport.

误用形容词修饰动词，误用形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级以及误用带-ly的副词与不带-ly的副词等，特别注意根据上下文该用比较级而未用的“暗中比较”。例如:

1. They came back lately and had some tea.

2.... you always gave me specially attention...

3. ... they fly down immediate and catch them without delay.

4. Yes，it is clearly that your life in your country is quite

different from ...

5. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.

6. Last year, my English teacher proved to be the more popular in our school.

是否符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and, or, but, not only…but also…, …not…but…, either…or…, neither …nor…, as well as 等，though不与but连用，because不与so连用等。

1. I became very active but made new friends.

2. My hometown is a pretty city, so people there are kind and polite.

3. Both your aunt or I look forward to seeing you again.

4. The more friends we have, the more we can learn for one another, but the more pleasure we can share together.

误用，关系代词、连接代词的误用，主格与宾格的误用，代词单数与代词复数的误用，各个不定代词之间的误用，反身代词与代词宾格之间的误用，代词的指代错误，定语从句中多用代词等。

1. ... the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves.

2. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，they will go hungry.

3. I just smiled to me and thought...

4.... your life in your country is quite different from me.

5. Everybody sleeps in tents , that is very exciting.

多用介词或介词与其他词语搭配的错误等。例如:

1. The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised...

2. He was looking for a glass the cupboard.

3. ... he can no longer expect others to pay his food, his clothes...

4. Could you share your experience for us?

7. My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care.

the的误用，a与an的误用。有时也表现为:单数可数名词前面该用冠词的地方缺少冠词，不该用冠词的地方多了冠词。例如:

1.... the popular teacher is at same time the one who should be strict with...

2. And if he breaks the law of society ..., he may go to the prison.

3.... so we will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun.

主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时，应注意把握文中动词时态的呼应规律，注意把握诸个并列动词的时态、语态的呼应规律。例如:

1. We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before.

2. I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college.

3. I’ll send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived.

谓语动词形式的错误。因此做题时，要注意谓语动词的形式要和句子主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:

1. “I just want to know what the sign say.”

2. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.