现代大学英语听力Unit
现代大学英语听力UNIT原文及答案
Unit 4Task 1答案A.1 They are farms that grow vegetables for city people to eat fresh.2 It’s a farm that grow plants and flowers to sell.3 They protect the plants from the cold in the winter but let them get plenty of light; so the plants can be grown all through the year.B.1 canned; frozen2 flowers; garden plants; home gardens; yards; window boxes3 buildings; furniture; firewood原文Grain; vegetables and fruits are found on most farms. All of them are food for animals and people.Grain can be fed to animals just as it is harvested. But before people use them grains are usually made into flour or breakfast cereal. Bread; macaroni通心粉; and cereals麦片 all come from grain.Tomatoes; beans; potatoes; beets甜菜; lettuce生菜; carrots and onions are field and garden vegetables. Can you think of any others Vegetables are good for people and for some animals such as pigs and rabbits.Farms that grow vegetables for city people to eat fresh are called truck farms. Truck farms are usually close to big cities. Each day hundreds of loads of fresh vegetables are brought to stores on the farmers' trucks. Without the truck farmers people in cities would not eat well. And without city people who eat fresh vegetables; the truck farmers would have no work.There are many kinds of fruit. Apples; pears; peaches; cherries; oranges; grapefruit; and berries are a few kinds. You will be able to think of other kinds that you like. Most fruit is grown on specialized farms. But many general farms have some fruit to use and sell also.Like vegetables; fruit is sold fresh in markets. But a large part of both fruit and vegetable crops is sent to factories to be canned or frozen.In warm parts of our country farmers grow cotton; rice; tobacco; sugar cane甘蔗; and peanuts.Specialized farms raise flowers and garden plants. They are sold to florists花商 and to families for home gardens; or yards; orwindow boxes. A farm that grow plants and flowers to sell is called a nursery苗圃. Most nurseries have glass buildings; called hothouses or greenhouses. The hothouses are heated to protect the plants from cold in the winter but let them get plenty of light; so they can be grown all through the year.Some farms grow only trees. Some of these are Christmas tree farms. Others are large forests where trees are grown for their wood. The wood is used for buildings; furniture and firewood. Some tree farms grow only nut trees.Task 2答案1 The UN agencies report that the market value of pesticides in developing countries last year was about three thousand million dollars.2 The agencies called for worldwide acceptance of Food and Agriculture and World Health Organization pesticide rules. They say this would help guarantee the safe production of and trade in pesticides.原文Two United Nations agencies are expressing concern about the safety of some pesticides used to kill insects. They report that about thirty percent of all pesticides sold in developing countries fail to meet widely accepted rules for quality. They say these products are a serious threat to human health and the environment.The UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the World HealthOrganization gave the warning.In developing countries; pesticides are used mainly for agriculture. Pesticides kill insects and other organisms that threaten crops. Pesticides also are used for public health. They control insects that spread disease; such as mosquitoes that spread malaria.The UN agencies report that the market value of pesticides in developing countries last year was about three thousand million dollars. They say the estimated market value of pesticides worldwide was thirty-two thousand million dollars.Officials say poor quality pesticides often contain harmful chemicals. These chemicals often are banned or restricted in some countries.Possible causes of low quality in pesticides include production problems and failure to use the right chemicals. Officials say the active chemicals in many pesticides are stronger than those permitted by many governments. They also say poor quality pesticides may contain poisonous substances or substances that are not pure.Officials say the quality of pesticide containers and product information on the containers are other concerns. They say information on the containers often fails to explain the active chemicals and how to use the product safely.The WHO says products listing false information have been sold for years in some areas. The agencies say the problem of poor quality pesticides is widespread in parts of Africa south of the Sahara Desert. They called for worldwide acceptance of Food and Agriculture and World Health Organization pesticide rules. They say this would help guarantee the safe production of and trade in pesticides.Officials say the agencies' rules are especially important for developing countries. They say developing countries often lack systems for testing pesticides.Task 3答案A.1 c 2 d 3 bB.That’s because they’re making an investment all the time; but are still not sure whether or not they can make profits.原文Interviewer: Cattle raising and beef in the US is big business; isn't itBob Beck: Yes; it's the largest business—cattle business.Interviewer: It must be a very profitable business then.Bob Beck: Uh; not necessarily.Interviewer: It's not necessarily a profitable businessBob Beck: At times; it's not profitable. Your production costs get...it's a supply and demand market; and if your supply islarger than your demand...Interviewer: So the price is fluctuating all the time...Bob Beck: Right. It fluctuates; and it can get below production costs.Interviewer: But you never know. For instance; next year; you don't know what it'll bring on the market.Bob Beck: No; technically it takes a year and a half from the time you breed the cow; until you get the calf; until the calf'smarketable.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: You've got a year; to a year and a half; tied up there. Interviewer: So; you're making an investment all the time.Bob Beck: Right. So you're not sure.Interviewer: It sounds like it might be a very insecure kind of existence. Wonder why it is that people want to be farmersor ranchers大农场主 then...Bob Beck: I think the majority of it is you like it. It's one thing.It's a breed kindof people. They like it. If you don'tlike what you're doing; why...Interviewer: What is there about it You live essentially in a rural area. Doesn't that feeling of isolation ever bother you Bob Beck: No. It's getting too crowded.Interviewer: Too crowdedBob Beck: Too many peopleInterviewer: I can see that; for instance; in a city; you have restaurants to go to; movie theaters—all kinds ofthings available to people; a lot of conveniences whichyou don't have in the more rural areas. What do peoplewho farm and ranch do for recreation and relaxation; forinstance... erm...Bob Beck: Well; I think a lot of it is if you're a livestock raiser;you'll go check your cows in the evening instead of goingto a movie.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: That's as much recreation as driving through a bunch or cows; and if you like them; you enjoy that.Interviewer: In terms of the way of life; to a lot of people; it would seem that it's a very hard life. It means a lot ofhard work. I mean; you have a schedule—whether you feellike it or not; you have to get out and feed animals; andso forth. Would you regard that as one of the difficultthings about it; or is that...Bob Beck: No.Interviewer: …just sort of... part of itBob Beck: For me; if I had to go to a desk every morning; that'd kill me.Task 4答案A. paid off; fall back on; a security; operating expenses; complete disasterB.1 Some of them cook the meals; clean the house and take care of the kids every day.2 Yes. That is especially so after they've had one or two bad years when they couldn’t make money.3 When their children are small; they were with their parents to go out to work; when they are very small; Sharon didn’t go out as much as she would later.4 She thinks that in this way the children are a lot more self-reliant. They learn to work and they learn responsibility. They learn a lot about life by being continually in life with animals.原文Bob Beck: I think; for a wife; the same as a husband; they like it or they wouldn't marry a farmer or a rancher.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: They'd get out. I think it's not at all wives. Some of them are just like suburban housewives.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: They cook the meals; and they clean the house and that's it... take care of the kids...Interviewer: Have you known some situations like thatBob Beck: Oh; yeah; I know situations like thatInterviewer: Sharon; is there a problem of the feeling of security Sharon Beck: What kind of security are you talking about—financial securityInterviewer: Uh; yeah; financial security. Uh; the thing is up and down. You don't know what the market's going to bring;er... for beef. You work all year; and so forth... Isthere any problem of that sortSharon Beck: Sure; there's the problem of security. Especially; if you've had one or two bad years. You feel awfullyinsecure.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: If you've borrowed money to buy a farm or to operate;and there's no money coming in; you feel awfullyinsecure.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: But if you've got a fairly good amount of your ranch paid off; you've got that to fall back on. You can alwaysthink of that as a security. If everything else fails;if you can’t pay for your operating expenses…Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: ...you can always sell your equity in your ranch. So it isn't complete disaster.Interviewer: But it's not something that bothers you terribly. I mean; it's a fact of life. It's sort of...Sharon Beck: Something you live with; yeah...Interviewer:... part of the thing. The role of the wife in this situation is quite different than that of a suburbanhousewife. You don't have much free time; do you Sharon Beck: No.Interviewer: Because; essentially; you work in much the same way that your husband does.Sharon Beck: Yes; I'm usually with him.Interviewer: How do you handle the whole family-life situation—children You're out almost as much as aworking mother in the city; aren't youSharon Beck: Yes. The only difference is we're together. Interviewer: The children too...Sharon Beck: The children too. When they're not in school; when they were small; they were with us. When they were very small;of course; I didn't go out as much.Interviewer: Do you feel that there are advantages in growing up in this waySharon Beck: Yeah; I definitely feel that there're advantages. There are disadvantages too; but I think the advantages faroutweigh the disadvantages.Interviewer: What are some of those advantages you think thechildren haveSharon Beck: The advantagesInterviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: Well; they're a lot more self-reliant. They learn to work. Erm; they learn responsibility.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: They learn a lot about life by being continually in life; with animals; and... I think it makes them...erm... They grow up。
《现代大学英语听力1》Unit 1习题答案及原文
Task 1Okay, Okay, let’s begin. Hello,everyone. My name is Susan Hudson, and I’ll be your teacher for this class, International Communication.Uh, to begin with, please take a look at the syllabus in front of you. As you all should know by now, this class meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:15 to 4:50. We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using the research lab every other week on Thursday in room 405 during the last two months of the class.Uh, this is the text for the class, Beyond Language. Unfortunately, the books haven’t come in yet, but I was told that you should be able to purchase them at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance on a midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroom participation.My office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays, and you can set up an appointment to meet with me at other times as well.Task 2Librarian: Can I help you?Student: Yes. I am a bit confused. My sociology class is supposed to read a chapter in a book called Sociology and the Modern Age. According to the syllabus, the book is in the library, but I haven’t been able to find it.Librarian: Do you have your syllabus with you? May I see it?Student:Yes, uh… I put it in the front of my sociology notebook. Yes, here it is. Librarian: Let me see. Oh yes. Your professor has placed this book on reserve. That means you cannot find it on the shelves in its usual place. You need to go to a special room called the reserve room. It’s down the hall and to the right.Student: I’m sorry, I still don’t understand what you mean by on reserve.Librarian: You see, your professor wants every one in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of the other students will have the opportunity to read it. So, your professor has insured that all students have the opportunity to read it by placing it on reserve.Student: So, will I be able to find this book?Librarian: Yes, when a book is on reserve, a student can go to the reserve room and ask the reserve librarian for the book. The student can have the book for a few hours, and he or she MUST read it in the library during that time. That way, the book stays in the library, and all students have a chance to read it.Student: OK. Thank you. I understand now.Librarian: Will there be anything else?Student: No! I am on my way to the reserve room. Thanks again!Task 3Hello and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library facilities and operating hours.First of all, the library’s collection of books, reference materials, and other resources are found on levels 1 to 4 of this building. Level 1 houses our humanities and map collections.On level 2, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals, and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level 3. You can also find back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months on this level. Finally, group study rooms, our microfilm collection and the multimedia center are located on level 4.Undergraduate students can check out up to 5 books for 2 weeks. Graduate students can check out 15 books for 2 months. Books can be renewed up to 2 times. There is a 50-cents-a-day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of $15. Periodicals and reference books cannot be checked out.The library is open weekdays, 8:00 am to 10:00 pm, and on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 8:30 pm. The library is closed on Sundays.Task 4Randall: Hi Faith. Do you have a minute?Faith: Sure. What’s up?Randall: Well, I just wanted to go over the schedule for Wednesday’s orientation meeting to make sure everything is ready.Faith: Okay. Here’s a copy of the tentative schedule. [OK.] Now, the registration starts at 8:30 and goes until 9:15. [All right.] Then, the orientation meeting will commence at 9:30.Randall: Okay. Now, we had planned originally for the meeting to go until 10:30, but now we have someone from the international center coming to speak to the students on extra-curricular activities, so how about ending the meeting around 11?Faith: Fine. And, uh, then students will take the placement tests from 11:15 until noon [OK.], followed by 20-minute break before lunch. [OK] And, immediately after lunch, we have reserved a campus shuttle to give students a 45-minute tour starting at 1:30. [Oh.OK] We want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library, and the student services building.Randall: Great. Now, how about the oral interviews?Faith: Well, we’re planning to start them at 2:15.Randall:Uh, well, teachers are going to be up to their ears in preparations, and they’ll be hard pressed to start then.Faith: OK, let’s get things rolling around 2:45.Randall: OK, here, let me jot that down. Uh, could you grab a pen off my desk?Faith: Right. Finding anything on your desk is like finding a needle in a haystack. [Oh, it’s not that bad.] Here, use mine.Randall:OK. And we’ll need 150 copies of this programme guide by then.Faith: Hey. That’s a tall order on such short notice! How about lending me a hand to put things together [OK.] by this afternoon so we don’t have to worry about them? Randall: OK. And I think the manager has given the green light to go ahead and use the more expensive paper and binding for the guides this time.Faith: OK. So the interviews will go from 2:45 until, let’s say, 4:30.[OK.] I hope we can wrap things up by 5.Randall: Great. I think the bottom line is to keep things running smoothly throughout the day.Faith: I agree. I’ll pass this schedule by the director for a final look.Task 5Receptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Student: Yes, please. I wou ld want to have some information about the …er… the courses at Swan School.Receptionist: Is that a summer course you’re interested in?Student: Yes, yes, pleaseReceptionist: Yes, Fine. OK. Well, we have … er… short intensive full-time course during the summer.Student: Mm-mm. I would want to know the length of one course.Receptionist: Yes. Each course lasts for three weeks.Student: How many hours per week, please?Receptionist:Well, it’s about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week. Student: You must have a lot of students in the class, haven’t you?Receptionist: We have a lot of students in the school but in the classes only about between12 and 14 students.Student: 12 and 14. Could you please give me the dates of the first and the second course? Receptionist: Yes, certainly. The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second course is from the 24th of July until the 10th of August. Student: What about the fees per course?Receptionist:Yes, each… each course costs £150 plus V AT, which is 15 percent, and a £5 registration fee.Student: And deposit, please?Receptionist: Yes. For each course we need a deposit of £20 and the £5 registration fee. Student: Oh, thank you. Do we have to find our… our own accommodation? Receptionist: No, we can do that for you. We have a lady who arranges the accommodation for you with Oxford families.Student: How much does it cost?Receptionist: Well, you can choose to have bed and breakfast only which is £20 a week, or bed, breakfast and dinner which is about £27 a week.Student: £27. Thank you very much.Receptionist: You’re welcome.Task 6Every year, high school juniors and seniors from across the US take the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT 1).The SAT 1 is a three-hour exam that tests students math and verbal skills. Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to help decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.Scores range from 200 to 800 for each part. There is a total of 1,600 points. The test is held every year from October to June. But seniors must take it before December in order to include their scores in their university applications. The average total score for an American high school student is around 1,000.A poor SAT score can prevent a student from going to a good university. Students who want to go to one of American’s best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between 1,430 and 1,600.The test can be taken over and over again, but all the scores will appear on the students’ records. However, unlike Chinese universities, the score is not the only ting needed. American universities also look at a student’s subject grades, what they do outside of school, and their teachers’ recommendations.In addition to the SAT 1, some universities require high school students to take at least three SAT IIs. These one- hour exams can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.Task 7Japanese students need 12 years of study before entering universities.They choose the places they want to go and apply before January of their final year. The university entrance exam is a standard nationwide test held every year in January. It provides tests for 31 subjects in six subject areas: Japanese language, geography and history, civics, math, science and a foreign language. All national and public universities, as well as some private ones make use of this exam. But many places also have their own tests in February or later, before the new school year starts in April.In order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the National University of Tokyo, many students attend special preparation schools on the top of their regular classes. These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.Although every student has the chance of going to a Japanese university, only 50 percent of high school seniors actually choose further study.Task 8The School was opened in 1955 and is part of a non-profit-making educational foundation. Its 200 students, from 30-40 countries, work in large, attractive buildings set in extensive, beautiful gardens, within easy reach of the centre of Cambridge. The School has dining rooms, a library, video filming studio, language laboratories, listening and self-access study centers, computers, as well as facilities for tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton and football.General English classes are for students aged 17+. Complete beginners are not accepted. Students have classes for 21hours a week. Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature. The cost of tuition, materials and books per term is 1,130p. Accommodation is with local families. Lunch is provided in the School Monday to Friday. All other meals are taken with the family. There is a full range of social activities including excursions, discos and theatre-visits. The total cost of all non-tuition services is 670p per term. There are 3 terms of 10 weeks and summer courses of 9 weeks and 3 1/2 weeks.Task 9This school has a capacity of 220 students. It occupies a 19th century building in a quiet tree-filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.General courses, either in the morning or afternoons, comprise 15 50-minutes periods per week. We cater for a wide range of classes from beginners to advanced, enabling us to place students at the level indicated by the special entry test which all students take. There are usually no more than 14 students in a class. In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on life in Britain at no extra cost.There are 8 classrooms, a multi-media learning centre, language lab, video, computer, lecture hall, can teen. We are open from January to December for course of 3 to 14 weeks. There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers of English in summer. Fees are approximately 46p per week for general courses. Accommodation can be arranged with selected families with half board. There is a full social programme and regular excursions.Task 10This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust. Situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km form the city centre, the College occupies a complex of purpose-built blocks and 14 large Victorian houses providing academic and residential accommodation. Facilities include an excellent library, video room, language labs, computer room, science labs, assembly hall and coffee bar.A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the 2-year International Baccalaureate course, or courses at university level.All students are encouraged to participate in social and extracurricular activities including sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.Academic Year Courses (21hours per week) leading to all principal EFL examinations, concentrate on language with selected studies in Literature, Politics, History, Art History and Computing. Most students lives in college houses each supervised by a resident warden, but some prefer family accommodation.Task 11:Cindy Farrow is Andy and Kate Morgan’s American cousin. She is 18 years old. She comes from California, on the west coast of the USA. She lives with her parents in San Francisco. She is a student at Berkeley College where she is studying modern languages. She wants to be an interpreter when she leaves university.She has many interests and hobbies. She loves reading, swimming and surfing but her favorite hobby is white-water rafting on the Colorado River. She thinks it’s very exciting.At the moment Cindy is on her way to England to stay with the Morgans in Dover.。
现代大学英语听力1原文加答案Unit (3)
Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) a, 2) aB.1) T, 2) F【原文】Stephen: Well, there you are, Mikko. “Passengers Only.” That’s you.Mikko: Mr. Johnson, thank you very much for bringing me to the airport.Stephen: A pleasure, old boy.Petros: He wants to make sure you leave, Mikko.Stephen: Petros! Don’t say that! It was a pleasure having him.Petros: Just teasing. See you at Christmas, Mikko.Mikko: Don’t forget to come, now. And don’t forget some warm clothes and don’t… Oh, no! I left my tennis racquet behind.Petros: Don’t worry. I’ll bring it at Christmas. Go on, Mikko. Your planes!Mikko: Mr. Johnson. Er…thank you. And…um…how do you say it? You’ve been very, very kind.And Mrs. Johnson. And Penny.Stephen: Thank you very much, Mikko. Nice of you to say so. Now on your way, old boy. You’ll miss your plane.Petros: Have a good flight. Bye.Task 2【答案】A.1) c, 2) b, 3) aB.1) F, 2) F【原文】Penny, Buck and Tony took off from Greenhill on June 23rd. They flew east and got to the Pacific in September. On the way there they saw a lot of interesting things.They traveled by camel in the desert. They met some Bedouin people there, and lived with themfor a few days.They made films and recordings of dances in the Himalaya Mountains, and on the island of Bali.They flew to the mountain of New Guinea and stayed in a village there.Now they are flying over the Pacific Ocean.Tony: Just look at those islands! RealSouthSea islands! They’re beautiful, aren’t they?Penny: But look over there.Buck: Oh dear! Bad weather.Tony: Does it often rain like this in the South Seas?Buck: Yes, it does.Penny: We can’t fly in this rain. It’s too dangerous. I’m going to land down there, near thatisland.Buck: Be careful, Penny.Penny: Of course. I’m always careful.Task 3【答案】A.1) b, 2) cB.1) T, 2) F, 3) F【原文】It is the year 1872, Phileas Fogg has just had lunch with some friends at his club in London.The six men sat down at a table and began to play cards. Stuart spoke after the game.“The world’s not very big,” he said. “We can go round it now in three months.”“In eighty days only,” said Phileas Fogg.“You can’t do it in eighty days,” replied Stuart.“I can,” said Fogg. “How much do you want to bet?”“Four thousand pounds,” Stuart said.“Only four thousand?” Fogg continued. “I have twenty thousand in the bank. I’ll bet all of it.”“Twenty thousand?” Smart asked in amazement.“I won’t lose,” said Fogg. “Eighty days is quite enough for me. But you must bet me twentythousand pounds too. Do you accept?”The five men talked together and th en answered him. “We accept,” they said. “When do youbegin the journey?”“There’s a train to Dover at a quarter to nine. I’ll take it.”“This evening?”“Yes, this evening,” Fogg answered.“Today is October 2nd. I’ll be back on December 21st at a quarter to nine. And now, let’s play agame of cards. Begin please, Mr. Stuart.”Task 4【答案】【原文】Happy Holidays are offering some good holiday bargains this year. How about an adventure holiday in Wales, for example? It costs£115 per person for a week’s holiday. For this price you get good food— three meals a day—and you sleep in mountain farmhouses. You must also pay for your journey to Wales, of course. If you and your family like sport, fresh air, and a healthy life, this would be a good holiday for you.Perhaps you would rather relax and lie in the sun all day. Then why don’t you go to sunnySpain? How about the Costa del Sol? Happy Holidays can take you there quite cheaply. It costs £250 for ten nights in a luxury hotel. This price includes the cost of the journey from London to Spain— by air, of course.If you like fresh air, a healthy life and plenty of sun, too, you could go sailing in Greece. You don’t need to be a good sailor. You can learn while you are on holiday. During the holiday you live on the boat. You must buy your own food, but food in Greece is quite cheap. And the holiday is not very expensive: £325 per person for two weeks, including the cost of air travel to and from Greece.Task 5【答案】A.1) F, 2) T, 3) T, 4) FB.1) c, 2) c, 3) b, 4) aC.family, 660, camping, 1499, first-class, swimming pool, night club【原文】Travel Agent: Good morning. Can I help you?Dad: Yes. Good morning. We saw your ad about cheap package trips.Travel Agent: Yes, of course. Well, these are the ones that are left. How many of you… er…?Dad: Just the four. My wife and I, and the two children.Child: Mum, can I sit over there and read my comic?Mum: No, you can’t. You want to help us choose, don’t you?Travel Agent: We’ve just got four family trips left. Er... ranging from £660 for this camping holiday on the French Riviera to £1,499 for a week in Corfu— that’s a first classhotel with swimming-pool, night club, you know, everything included. So,youknow, something to suit all tastes and pockets.Child: Dad, is it OK ifI...?Dad: No, it isn’t. Well, I must say, that last one certainly doesn’t suit my pocket. Doyou think you could… tell us what you get for those prices?Travel Agent: Certainly. Well, of course, there’s the flight, and transport to and from the air- port…er...accommodation, of course. Otherwise, well, it varies a bit. InCopenhagenall your meals are included, you know, because it’s a guest house, and…er...thischalet in Sardinia, for example, is basically self-catering, butthere are certainactivities like parties and…excursions, and…er...they’re included in the price.Dad: That last one sounds very interesting.Mum: What do you mean “interesting”? Who’s going to do all the cooking an d cleaning?I must say, I rather like the sound of the guest house.Child: Mum, ...Mum: No!Travel Agent: Well, actually, madam, there are extra catering facilities provided for all our self-catering holidays, should you need them.Child: Dad, ...Dad: Look, do us all a favour and go and sit over there and read your comic, will you?Travel Agent: These are all-inclusive family budget prices—I assure you they represent a substantial reduction on our normal prices. Er... down here you can see your datesfor departure and return—18th to 25th of July on all trips exceptCopenhagen,which is two days earlier, and, by the way, extremely good value formoney—£300 off the normal price at£899.Mum: Oh, really? You know, I’ve heard Copenhagen is such a beautiful city...Dad: Well, I don’t know. This camping one’s obviously out—I mean, it says here thatthey’ve got a casino and cinema and all that, but it sounds too much like hardworkfor me. But what about Sardinia? You know, £975 isn’t too expensive.Mum: Mmm... probably nicer for the kids, too—you know, warmer, and beaches and all that. Yes, let’s take it.Travel Agent: You won’t regret it, madam, I can assure you. Now, I wonder ifyou’d mind justgiving me a few particulars...Mum: Jimmy, what are you doing over there? I told you not to read your comic.Comeand have a look at the place we’re going to.Task 6【答案】1) a, 2) b, 3) c, 4) a, 5) b, 6) c【原文】Two people were having dinner in the Waverley restaurant. Here is their conversation: Man: Are you enjoying your meal?Woman: I thought the soup was very nice.Task 7【答案】A.1) b, 2) d, 3) aB.Seven. He lost his way in the forest. He burned his steak. He was woken up by the noises made by the people next to him and couldn’t go back to sleep. The pouring rain soaked his tent and he ended up sleeping in his small car. He had all the food stolen. His car was stuck in the mud and he had a flat tire on his way home.【原文】Friend: Hi, Tom. How was your camping trip last weekend?Torn: It was a disaster.Friend: A disaster? What was so bad?Tom: Well, I went camping. But you wouldn’t believe the bad luck I had.Friend: Yeah? What happened?Tom: Well, I went to Pine Hills. I got there Saturday afternoon. And the weather was really nice so I went for a hike.Friend: Yeah?Tom: You know that big forest there?Friend: Mm-hmm.Tom: I got lost. I had absolutely no idea where I was.Friend: Lost? That’s too bad. So what happened?Tom: Well, I finally found my way back to the campsite. It was like eight or eight-thirty atnight. I was really tired and hungry, so I was going to fix dinner. I’d brought along anice, juicy steak. I was cooking it over the campfire.Friend: That sounds good.Tom: Well, yeah, so I cooked it. Well, I tried to cook it. I really couldn’t see much, even witha flashlight. I burned the thing. Burned!Friend: Oh, you burned the steak?Tom: To a crisp. I could hardly eat it. But anyway, I really didn’t mind much because I wasso tired I just wanted to get some sleep. So I went to bed early. Then, about eleven o’clock, the people next to me turned on some music and started to have a party. Icouldn’t get back to sleep.Friend: Oh, you must have been angry.Tom: I was really angry! Finally, I went over and asked them to mm down the music. Thenabout two in the morning it started to rain. I mean it poured.Friend: Oh no!Tom: Bad enough that there was water in my tent. I had to sleep in the car.Friend: You slept in the car? But you drive that little...Tom: Yeah, I know. Not real comfortable. But that’s not all. I g ot up in the morning and Ifound my food was gone.Friend: What happened to it?Tom: Animals, I guess. Foxes or raccoons, probably. I had put the food in the tent, but theygot it.So I had no breakfast. By that time I figured the weekend was ruined anyway,so I decided to leave.Friend: Yeah.Tom: But my car was stuck. Man! There was so much rain that I was stuck in the mud. Ifinally found a ranger to help push me out.Friend: This doesn’t sound like a camping trip to be repeated.Tom: That’s for sure. Oh, an d to finish it off, I had a flat tire on the way home.Friend: A flat tire? Gee, I don’t imagine you’re going camping again for a while.Tom: Oh, I don’t know. I might go again next weekend.Friend: What?Tom; Hey, nobody could have that kind of bad luck two weeks in a row.Task 8【答案】1)It isbeautiful and peaceful. There is food—fish, coconut and wild bananas. There is fresh water, too.2) The civilized life is too complicated. And the traveling also makes Buck sick.3) The weather is bad. The food is dull. The fresh water is not enough. There are too many insects. He has nobody to talk to and no books to read.4) Some matches, some insecticide, some modern tools such as a good axe, a saw, a hammer and some nails and a radio.【原文】February 12thI’ve found it at last! This is the place I’ve been looking for—the island of my dreams! It’sbeautiful, and it has everything I need: food, fresh water, and peace. The lagoon is full of fish. Thereare coconut palms and wild bananas. There’s a nice little lake among th e hills. And no one lives onany of the islands around here.February 14thI’ve decided to stay here. I’m tired of traveling. I get seasick all the time. And I don’t really wantto get back to civilization. I want to get away from it all—to get back to nature. I want to live thesimple life—the kind of life that Bill’s forefathers used to live, without metal and machines andmoney. Ifthey could live like that, so can I. I’m sure I’m as clever as they were!February 17thIn a few minutes I’m going to go back to the boat. I’m going to fetch the things that Bill gave me.I’ll bring them back here. I’ll sail the boat out to sea. I’ll point it towards South America. Then I’lljump off and swim back here. If anyone finds the boat, they’ll think I fell into the water by accident.February 18thSo here I am—completely alone on my dream island. Now I’ll be able to do what I’ve alwayswanted to do: to get to know myself. Because I’ve never been really sure who I am. I’ve played toomany parts in my life—too many roles in films, and in real life, too. Now I have the chance todiscover the real Buck Westwood. All my life he’s been sleeping somewhere deep inside me—dreaming his “great dream”. Now it’s time to wake up, Buck. Be yourself at last!June 2ndThere was another storm today. It rained hard, and the wind blew away part of the roof. Everything in the house got wet. It’s not a very strong house. I’m not very good at building houses out oftrees and grass and leaves.There’s nothing to eat except coconuts and raw fish. I’m tired of coconuts, and I can’t cook thefish because the fire’s gone out. I wish I had some dry wood and some matches.June l0thI don’t feel very well. There isn’t enough clean water on this island, and there are too manyinsects. The house is full of ants and flies. They’re driving me mad! I wish I had something to killthem with!June 15thOh dear! I’ve only been on this island for a few months, but it feels like years already. There’snobody to talk to, and nothing to read. I wish I could get away from here. But how? I’ve been trying to build a boat, but I need some modern tools. I wish I had a good axe, a saw, a hammer and some nails.June 16thI must send a message for help. But how? That’s the problem! I wish I had a radio.Task 9【答案】A.1) c → e → a → b → d2) c → a → bB.1) F, 2) T, 3) T, 4) F【原文】Hello! I’m very pleased that you have decided to join one of our next London weekends. My name is Diana and I will be your resident guide during your stay in London. We shall arrive at the hotel at about 6:30 on Friday evening. Remember that we are staying at the Y Hotel in Great Russell Street—that’s on the corner of Tottenham Court Road.Aft er you’ve got to your room and you’ve had a chance to freshen up, I hope you’ll join me forshort walk through the West End of London. Leaving the hotel at 7:30 sharp I shall be strolling downCharring Cross Road, turning off through part of Soho to Piccadilly Circus, then through LeicesterSquare to finish up at Trafalgar Square. On the way we’ll pass a lot of the restaura nts, theatres andcinemas that you’ll be able to visit during your stay in the capital. , The walk should take about half an hour and when we get to Trafalgar square you’ll be free to go offand do whatever you like. Why not have a quick meal and then see one of the latest films in one ofthe many cinemas around Leicester Square.Ifyou haven’t stayed out too late on Friday night, please join me at 9:30 on Saturday morning fora walk through the great parks of London. We’ll take a short trip on the unde rground to LancasterGate and stroll across Hyde Park to the FamousSerpentineLake. Don’t forget to bring a piece of toastfrom breakfast with you to feed the ducks. From there we’ll cross over Hyde Park Corner, one of thebusiest traffic intersections in central London, and make our way down Constitution Hill in GreenPark to BuckinghamPalace. Ifwe can see the royal standard flying on top of the Palace, we’ll knowthat the queen is at home, but I don’t suppose we shall see her. From Buckingham Palace, we shallcr oss into the third Royal Park of St James’s—possibly the most beautiful of all, and we shall arrive atThe Horse Guards in plenty of time to see the ceremony of the Changing of the Guard which takesplace every morning at 11 o’clock.On Saturday afternoon you might like to visit The Houses of Parliament. Remember they are only open to visitors on Saturdays during Parliamentary sessions. Ifthere is some shopping you haveto do, now is the time to visit the Oxford Street stores, or ifyou feel like relaxing on a boat for a while,you can come with me on a trip down the River Thames to Greenwich. I’ll be at Westminster Pier nearthe Houses of Parliament at 2 o’clock in the afternoon, so join me then if you’d like to visit theMaritimeMuseum and the Old Observatory at Greenwich and see some of the great River Thames atthe same time.Saturday night is theatre night and we shall have tickets available for either a top musical or astraight play. I’ll give you details on Friday when you arrive and you’ll be able to choose w hich youwant to go to. On Sunday morning you’ll have the opportunity to visit the great street market ofLondon in Petticoat Lane. I’ll be leaving the hotel at 10:30. You can buy anything from a tin whistleto a tiara in Petticoat Lane, so come and join in t he fun. I’ll take you to a traditional London pub forlunch afterwards and then it will be time to get back to the hotel, pick up your luggage and begin your journey home.Task 10【答案】I hope I’ve give you a clear idea of the programme for your London weekend and before I finish let me just give you one or two pieces of advice, which should make your stay more enjoyable. First, please do remember to bring with you some comfortable shoes to wear. London isa big place and whatever you do, you’ll find yourself doing quite a lot of walking, so comfortable shoes are a real necessity. And secondly let me ask you to please look after your money. Keep it safe at all times and then you will avoid an unpleasant accident, which could spoil your whole weekend.。
现代大学英语听力课堂听力Unit
Unit 8Task 1答案1 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation2 Association of Southeast Asian Nations3 European Union4 Food and Agriculture Organization5 International Atomic Energy Agency6 International Labour Organization7 International Monetary Fund8 North American Free Trade Agreement9 World Health Organization10 World Trade Organization原文1 APEC is the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation.2 ASEAN is the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.3 EU is the European Union.4 FAO is the Food and Agriculture Organization.5 IAEA is the International Atomic Energy Agency.6 ILO is the International Labour Organization.7 IMF is the International Monetary Fund.8 NAFTA is the North American Free Trade Agreement.9 WHO is the World Health Organization.10 WTO is the World Trade Organization.Task 2答案1 recently attacked an elementary school2 have begun hunting crocodiles3 planting gardens on the tops of buildings4 resettle more than 125,000 people5 help rebuild Afghanistan6 11 million dollars in aid for the Asian nation7India has more than one billion people8 China’s population has increased to more than one billion two hundred million原文1 Giant kangaroos from a national park near Canberra, Australia’s capital, recently attacked an elementary school.2 Officials in Uganda have begun hunting crocodiles around Lake Victoria.3 Officials in Chicago, Illinois, are hoping to help the environment by planting gardens on the tops of buildings.4 China plans to resettle more than 125,000 people because of the huge dam being built on the Yangtze River.5 Delegates from more than 60 nations and organizations are gathering in Japan to open a conference to help rebuild Afghanistan.6 Officials from Mongolia and the United Nations have appealed for 11 million dollars in aid for the Asian nation.7 Early results from the government’s population count show that India has more than one billion people.8 The government says China’s population has increased to more than one billion two hundred million.Task 3答案News Item 1A.1 b,2 c,3 d, 4aNews Item 2B.Lead: Thousands of demonstrators have forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony at the World Trade Organization meeting in the American city of Seattle, Washington.1 Ministers from 135 WTO member countries2 police, demonstrators3 big businesses, workers, the environment4 aid to farmers, labor rules, trade taxesC.1 They accused the WTO of protecting the interests of big business at the expenses of those of workers and the environment.2 The WTO is criticized by both poor countries and disadvantaged groups in the Western World. In News Item 1, the WTO faces the criticism particularly from developing countries that demand more concessions from developed nations in trade talks. In News Item 2, the WTO was accused of protecting the interests of big business at the expenses of those of workers and the environment.3 Yes. Throughout history, rich people and developed countries have benefited most from the existing international trade arrangements. Now it’s time for them to give more considerations for poor countries and people.As a leading actor in the process of globalization, the WTO should do more to reduce its negative impact on the poor and the environment.原文News Item 1And this news from South Africa— Commonwealth leaders have called for fair treatment for poor nations at the World Trade Organization talks later this month. Commonwealth Secretary-General Emeka Anyaoku read a statement from the leaders during their meeting in Durban. It calls for removal of all trade blocks for the exports of poor countries and it says that strong export growth is necessary for improving the living conditions of poor countries. Ministers from the 134-nation World Trade Organization will meet in the American city of Seattle, Washington, 2 weeks from now. They will plan a new series of trade talks for next year.News Item 2Thousands of demonstrators have forced the cancellation of the opening ceremony at the World Trade Organization meeting in the American city of Seattle, Washington. A WTO officialsaid ministers from 135 member countries will continue trade talks. However, he said the official opening ceremony will take place later. The decision was made after police clashed with demonstrators in the center of Seattle. The demonstrators accused the trade group of defending the interests of big businesses. They say it does not care about workers and the environment. Representatives at the conference will attempt to settle differences involving aid to farmers, labor rules, trade taxes and other issues.Task 4答案Mexico, 1989, America, economies, community, 21, two and one half thousand million, almost half, joint statement, terrorism, security, goods原文Leaders from many nations are attending the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference in the holiday area of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.APEC was established in 1989 as a trade group for the nations of Asia and the America. It was formed in reaction to the growing dependency among economies of countries that border the Pacific Ocean. Its goal was to support economic growth among those countries and to create a sense of community. APEC has 21 member economies. The combined population of APEC countries is about 2,500,000,000 two and one half thousand million people. The countries are responsible for almost half of all world trade.APEC foreign and trade ministers started talks earlier this week. On Thursday, the foreign ministers approved a joint statement that promised to suppress the financing of terrorism. The statement also promised to strengthen security for air travel and shipping of goods.Task 5答案A.1 Computer products, and particularly an operating system.2 The judge ruled that Microsoft company has acted a monopoly.3 Monopoly means blocking competition from other companies to gain control of the market.4 People who buy computer products.B.1 more than 500, 000 million2 operating3 the 9th4 blocking/ending/stopping5 harmed原文News Item 1And this news. The computer company— Microsoft has become the first company in history to be valued at more than 500,000 million dollars. Microsoft produces an operating system that is used in most of the computers in the world. Microsoft was established by Bill Gates. If the company were a country, it would have the 9th largest economy in the world.News Item 2In Washington, a judge has ruled that Microsoft Company has acted as a monopoly. Thismeans Microsoft took steps to end competition from other companies to gain total control of the market. The judge said that Microsoft’s business actions harmed people who buy computer products. The court decision is considered a major defeat for the company. Microsoft is the world’s largest maker of computer software products.Task 6答案A.1 T,2 F,3 F,4 T,5 T,6 TB.Judge Jackson’s rulings1 misusing, computer programs2 two smaller businessesThe Federal Appeals Court’s rulings1 block competition2 reconsider3 fair/being fair, Microsoft and Bill GatesLegal experts’ comments1 the Federal government, Microsoft2a The Supreme Courtb a new trial, the unresolved legal questionsc negotiations, privatelyBill Gates’ responsethe situation, solutionProspects1 an agreement2 punished, pay money原文In November, a Washington D.C. judge found the Microsoft Corporation guilty of misusing its power to control the market for computer programs. Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson announced his findings after months of trial. He said Microsoft uses its power to illegally block competition.Judge Jackson later ordered that Microsoft be divided into two smaller businesses. The Microsoft Corporation quickly appealed Judge Jackson’s ruling to a Federal Court.Last week, the Federal Appeals Court ruled on the case. It said Microsoft Corporation was guilty of creating a company that used its power to block competition. The seven Appeals Court judges agreed with Judge Jackson that Microsoft limited creativity in the computer industry and harmed the public. They said that Microsoft was guilty of violating several federal laws.However, the Federal Appeals Court also said the Washington D.C. court must reconsider its order to divide Microsoft into two smaller companies. The federal court dismissed Judge Jackson’s decision. The Appeals Court judges accused Judge Jackson of not being fair during the Microsoft Trial. They severely criticized him for comments he made about Microsoft and its chairman to reporters during the trial.The Federal Appeals Court also said Judge Jackson repeated these mistakes several times. Itsaid the public would lose its trust in a legal system that permits judges to speak their opinions to reporters during a trial.Legal experts say both the federal government and Microsoft can claim small victories with the Federal Appeals Court ruling. The experts say government lawyers were able to prove that Microsoft is guilty of violating federal laws. At the same time, Microsoft can claim a victory because it may not have to divide into two smaller companies.Legal experts say government lawyers and the lawyers for Microsoft must now choose one of three different possible paths. First, either side could appeal the Federal Court’s decision to the Supreme Court. Or, they could request a new trial before a different lower court judge to consider some of the unresolved legal questions. A third choice is for both sides to reopen negotiations to try to settle the case privately. Such efforts failed during the Clinton Administration.Bill Gates is the head of Microsoft Corporation. He says it is now a good time for all the groups involved to discuss the situation and see what kind of solution could be negotiated.Most legal experts believe that the Microsoft Company and government lawyers will come to an agreement during future negotiations. They say Microsoft may be punished by being forced to pay money.Task 7答案News Item 1A.1 It will send Destiny into Orbit.2 It is a scientific research laboratory.3 Destiny is the most technologically complex research center ever put into space.4 Over one billion dollars.5 It will last eleven Days.6 The will make three walks in space to attach the laboratory to the International Space Station’s Control Centre.News Item 2B.News Lead: The first laboratory has been connected to the International Space Station.1 launched, Wednesday, February 7th2 Destiny3 mechanical arm4 a linking device5 protective clothing, complete work原文News Item 1In space news. The space shuttle Atlantis has taken off from Cape Canaveral, Florida. The spaceship will send the Destiny scientific research laboratory into orbit. The laboratory is an important part of the International Space Station. NASA officials say Destiny is the most technologically complex research center ever put into space. The laboratory has cost over 1,000,000,000 dollars to build. Space shuttle astronauts will make three walks in space during an eleven-day mission to attach the laboratory to the International Space Station’s Control Center. News Item 2The first laboratory has been connected to the International Space Station. The American space shuttle Atlantis was launched from the Kennedy Space Center, Wednesday, February 7th. It carried the new laboratory Destiny to the space station, which is orbiting Earth. Destiny is the first of six space laboratories that will be launched and added to the space station. The five crew members of Atlantis used the space shuttle’s huge mechanical arm to take the laboratory out of the shuttle. The arm carefully moved Destiny to a linking device on the International Space Station. Two members of the Atlantis crew put on protective clothing. They left the shuttle and moved out into space to complete work on the link.Task 8答案110 stories, employing, desks, collapse, figures, recovered, crashed, dead, searching, 800原文The World Trade Center is 110 stories high. Four hundred firms had offices there employing tens of thousands of people. When the planes hit, it’s thought between 10 and 20 thousand people would have been sitting at their desks. Before the collapse of the building, many people did manage to get away, but figures aren’t yet known.So far 55 bodies have been recovered. 260 police officers and firefighters who went into the building after the planes crashed are missing and feared dead. In the Pentagon, the world’s largest office building, rescuers are still searchin g the rubble. It’s thought around 80 bodies there have been found but estimates of those who died could go up to about 800.Task 9答案A.released, number one, terrorist attack, The Rising原文Bruce Springsteen’s new album was released July 30th. It is number one in record sales in more than ten countries. Most of its songs are about the September 11th terrorist attacks. Shep O’Neal plays some of the songs on the album, The Rising.“You’re Missing” is probably the saddest song on The Rising. A woman’s husband has died. She and her children see the many things that belonged to him around the house, but he is gone.“Into the Fire” is about one of the hundreds of police, firefighters and rescue workers who died in the terrorist attacks. The song honors the love and sense of duty he showed that day. It is also a prayer for the strength and hope that his sacrifice represents.Songs on The Rising also express anger about the attacks. But, the anger is mostly a personal statement, not a political one. The song “Empty Skies” describes the desire to strike back that a person feels after a senseless loss.The album’s title song appeals to listeners to come together and heal each other. We leave you now with Bruce Springsteen’s hopeful title song, “The Rising.”Task 10答案News Item 1A.1 A four-year exhibition of the work of the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh has opened in Amsterdam.2 It is one of his early drawings in water color, pencil and ink, depicting a woman carrying a child along a windswept road.3 A German art dealer acting for an anonymous collector.4 In 1883.News Item 2B.movie industry, directing, editing, released, Oscar, metals, statue, weighs, priceless, offers, earning 原文News Item 1A four-year exhibition of the works of the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh has opened in Amsterdam with the unveiling of one of his early drawings which has only recently come to light; the drawing in water color, pencil and ink depicts a woman carrying a child along a windswept road. It was sent to the museum by a German art dealer acting for an anonymous collector. The work dated 1883 is one of the main attra ctions in the exhibition at Amsterdam’s van Gogh Museum.News Item 2Sunday will be the most important day of the year for hundreds of people in the movie industry. Filmmakers will receive Academy Awards for the best acting, directing, writing, editing, sound, music and other work on movies released last year. The winners will receive an award called an Oscar. It is shaped like a man. It is made of several metals covered with gold. The statue is only about 34 centimeters tall. It weighs less than four kilograms. But the award can be priceless to the person who receives it. Winning an Oscar can mean becoming much more famous. It can mean getting offers to work in the best movies. It also can mean earning much more money.Task 11答案News media are the means, or methods, by which people learn what is happening in their city, in their country, and in the world. The news can be classified into two general categories. The categories are print media and electronic media.Print media are usually divided into magazines and newspapers. Most newspapers print news daily. For example, the newspaper The New York Times is published every day of the year. Most news magazines are published weekly. For instance, Newsweek and Time magazines are published once a week.The electronic media are generally divided into radio and television. Radio news is news that you listen to. In the United States, many radio stations broadcast 5 minutes of news every hour on the hour. Television news is news that you not only listen to but also watch.。
现代大学英语听力1 原文及答案(unit 1)
Unit 1 University LifeTaks 1ScriptOkay, Okay, let's begin. Hello, everyone. My name's Susan Hudson, and I'll be your teacher for this class, Intercultural Communication.Uh, to begin with, please take a look at the syllabus in front of you. As you all should know by now, this class meets on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:15 to 4:50. We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using the research lab every other week on Thursday in Room 405 during the last two months of the class.Uh, this is the text for the class, Beyond Language. Unfortunately, the books haven't come in yet, but I was told that you should be able to purchase them at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance on a midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroom participation.My office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays, and you can set up an appointment to meet with me at other times as well.KeyA. Answer the following questions.1)What are the name of the teacher and the name of the course?Key: Susan Hudson and Intercultural Communication.2)When and where will the class meet for the first half of the courseKey: The class will meet in the room they are in now and on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3:15 to 4:50.3)Where can the students get the textbooks?Key: They can purchase the textbooks at the bookstore the day after tomorrow.4)When are the office hours?Key: The office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays.B. Complete the following sentences with what you hear on the tape.1)We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using theresearch lab every other week on Thursday in Room 405 during the last two months of the class.2)Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance ona midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroomparticipation.Task 2ScriptLibrarian: Can I help you?Student: Yes. I am a bit confused. My sociology class is supposed to read a chapter in a book called Sociology and the Modern Age. According to the syllabus, the bookis in the library, but I haven't been able to find it.Librarian: Do you have your syllabus with you? May I see it?Student: Yes, uh... I put it in the front of my sociology notebook. Yes, here it is. Librarian: Let me see. Oh yes. Your professor has placed this book on reserve. That means you cannot find it on the shelves in its usual place. You need to go to a specialroom called the reserve room. It's down the hall and to the right.Student: I'm sorry—I still don't understand what you mean by on reserve.Librarian: You see, your professor wants everyone in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of the otherstudents will have the opportunity to read it. So, your professor has insured thatall students have the opportunity to read it by placing it on reserve.Student: So, will I be able to find this book?Librarian: Yes, when a book is on reserve, a student can go to the reserve room and ask the reserve librarian for the book. The student can have the book for a few hours, andhe or she MUST read it in the library during that time. That way, the book stays inthe library, and all students have a chance to read it.Student: OK. Thank you. I understand now.Librarian: Will there be anything else?Student: No! I am on my way to the reserve room. Thanks again!KeyA. Answer the following questions.1)What's the student's problem?Key: According to the syllabus, the book he is looking for is in the library, but he couldn't find it.2)What's the meaning of "on reserve"?Key: That means the student cannot find the book on the shelves in its usual place.She/He needs to go to a special room called the reserve room.3)Why does the professor put the books on reserve?Key: The professor wants every one in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of the other students willhave the opportunity to read it. So, the professor has insured that all students havethe opportunity to read it by placing it on reserve.B. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the tape.1)The student has the syllabus in his hand all the time. [ F ]2)The reserve room is down the hall and to the right. [ T ]3)Once the students find the book on reserve, they can read it for a very long time. [ F ]Task 3ScriptHello and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library facilities and operating hours.First of all, the library's collection of books, reference materials, and other resources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one houses our humanities and map collections. On level two, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals, and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. You can also find back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months on this level. Finally, group study rooms, our microfilm collection, and the multimedia center are located on level four.Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks. Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times.There is a 50-cents- a-day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of $ 15. Periodicals and reference books cannot be checked out.The library is open weekdays, 8:00 am to 10:00 pm, and on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 8:30 pm. The library is closed on Sundays.KeyA. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1) Level one houses__________, ( c)a) current periodicals and journals b) our copy facilitiesc) our humanities and map collections d) our science and engineering sections2) Back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months are located on level ______. (c)a) one b) two c) three d) fourB. Fill in the blanks with what you hear on the tape.Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks. Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times. There is a 50-cents- a-day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of $15. Periodicals and reference books cannot be checked out.The library is open weekdays, 8:00 am to 10:00 pm. and on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 8:30 pm. The library is closed on Sundays.Task 4ScriptRandall: Hi Faith. Do you have a minute?Faith: Sure. What's up?Randall: Well, I just wanted to go over the schedule for Wednesday's orientation meeting to make sure everything is ready.Faith: Okay. Here's a copy of the tentative s chedule. [OK] Now, the registration starts at 8:30 and goes until 9:15. [All right] Then, the orientation meeting will commence at 9:30.Randall: Okay. Now, we had planned originally for the meeting to go until 10:30, but now we have someone from the international center coming to speak to the students onextracurricular activities, so how about ending the meeting around 11?Faith: Fine. And, uh, then students will take the placement tests from 11:15 until noon [OK.], followed by 20-minute break before lunch. [OK.] And, immediately after lunch, we have reserved a campus shuttle to give students a 45-minute tour starting at 1:30. [Oh. OK.] We want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library, and the student services building.Randall: Great. Now, how about the oral interviews?Faith: Well, we're planning to start them at 2:15.Randall: Uh, well, teachers are going to be up to their ears in preparations, and they'll be hard pressed to start then.Faith: OK, let's get things rolling around 2:45.Randall: OK, here, let me jot that down. Uh, could you grab a pen off my desk?Faith: Right. Finding anything on your desk is like finding a needle in a haystack. [Oh, it’s not that bad.] Here, use mine.Randall: OK. And we'll need 150 copies of this programme guide by then.Faith: Hey. That's a tall order on such short notice! How about lending me a hand to put things together [OK.] by this afternoon so we don't have to worry about them? Randall: OK. And I think the manager has given the green light to go ahead and use the more expensive paper and binding for the guides this time.Faith: OK. So the interviews will go from 2:45 until, let's say, 4:30. [OK] I hope we can wrap things up by 5.Randall: Great. I think the bottom line is to keep things running smoothly throughout the day. Faith: I agree. I'll pass this schedule by the director for a final look.KeyA. Complete the following schedule according to the dialogue.1) Why do they change the ending time of the orientation meeting?Key: Because now they have someone from the international center coming to speak to the students on extracurricular activities.2) What do they want the students to see during the shuttle tour?Key: They want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library, and the student services building.C. Complete the following sentences with what you hear on the tape.1)Uh, well, teachers are going to be up to their ears in preparations, and they'll be hardpressed to start then.2)Okay, here, let me jot that down. Uh, could you grab a pen off my desk?3)Finding anything on your desk is like finding a needle in a haystack.4)Great. I think the bottom line is to keep things running smoothly throughout the day.Task 5ScriptReceptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Student: Yes, please. I would want to have some information about the... erm... the courses at Swan School.Receptionist: Is that a summer course you're interested in?Student: Yes. Yes, please.Receptionist: Yes. Fine. OK. Well, we have... erm... short intensive full-time courses during the summer.Student: Mm-mm. I would want to know the length of one course.Receptionist: Yes. Each course lasts for three weeks.Student: How many hours per week, please?Receptionist: Well, it's about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week.Student: You must have a lot of students in the class, haven't you?Receptionist: We have a lot of students in the school but in the classes only about between 12 and 14 students.Student: 12 and 14. Could you please give me the dates of the first and the second course?Receptionist: Yes, certainly. The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second course is from the 24th of July until the 10th of August.Student: What about the fees per course?Receptionist: Yes, each... each course costs £150 plus VAT, which is 15 percent, and a £5 registration fee.Student: And deposit, please?Receptionist: Yes. For each course we need a deposit of £20 and the £5 registration fee.Student: Oh thank you. Do we have to find our... our own accommodation? Receptionist: No, we can do that for you. We have a lady who arranges the accommodation for you with Oxford families.Student: How much does it cost?Receptionist: Well, you can choose to have bed and breakfast only which is £20 a week, or bed, breakfast and dinner which is about £27 a week.Student: £27. Thank you very much.Receptionist: You're welcome.KeyAnswer the following questions.1)What does the student want?Key: The student wants to have some information about the courses at Swan School.2)How long will a course last?Key: Each course lasts for three weeks.3)How many hours of classes are there in a week? And how many days?Key: It's about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week.4)What are the dates of the first and the second course?Key: The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second course is from the 24th of July until the 10th of August.5)What are the fees per course?Key: Each course costs £150 plus VAT, which is 15 percent, and a £5 registration fee.6)How much is the deposit for each course?Key: For each course the deposit is £20.7)Where will the students live?Key: A lady arranges the accommodation for the students with Oxford families.8)How much will the accommodation cost?Key: They can choose to have bed and breakfast only which is £20 a week, or bed, breakfast and dinner which is about £27 a week.Task 6ScriptEvery year, high school juniors and seniors from across the US take the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT I)The SAT I is a three-hour exam that tests students' math and verbal skills. Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to help decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.Scores range from 200 to 800 for each part. There is a total of 1,600 points. The test is held every year from October to June. But seniors must take it before December in order to include their scores in their university applications. The average total score for an American high school student is around 1,000.A poor SAT score can prevent a student from going to a good university. Students who want to go to one of American's best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between 1,430 and 1,600.The test can be taken over and over again, but all the scores will appear on the students' records. However, unlike Chinese universities, the score is not the only thing needed. American universities also look at a student's subject grades, what they do outside of school, and their teachers' recommendations.In addition to the SAT I, some universities require high school students to take at least three SATⅡs. These one-hour exams can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.KeyA. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the tape.1)Only the students who are going to graduate from high school will take the exam.[ F ]2)The SAT I is a three-hour exam that tests students' math and verbal skills. [ T ]3)The average total score for an American high school student is around 1,600. [ F ]B. Answer the following questions.1)How important is the test?Key: Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.2)How much should the score be for those who want to go to Harvard or Yale?Key: They must score between 1,430 and 1,600.3)What else will the American universities look at besides the score?Key: American universities also look at a student's subject grades, what they do outside of school, and their teachers' recommendations.4)What is the SAT II?Key: The SAT II is the one-hour exam that can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.Task 7ScriptJapanese students need 12 years of study before entering universities.They choose the places they want to go and apply before January of their final year. The university entrance exam is a standard nationwide test held every year in January. It provides tests for 31 subjects in six subject areas: Japanese language, geography and history, civics, math, science and a foreign language. All national and public universities, as well as some private ones make use of this exam. But many places also have their own tests in February or later, before the new school year starts in April.In order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the National University of Tokyo, many students attend special preparation schools on top of their regular classes. These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.Although every student has the chance of going to a Japanese university, only 50 percent of high school seniors actually choose further study.KeyA. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1)The Japanese students will apply for a university before ______ of their final year.(a)a) January b) February c) April d)July2)The university entrance exam provides tests for _______subjects in ____ subjectareas. (c)a) 30; 6 b) 30; 7 c) 31; 6 d)39;163)What kind of universities will make use of this exam? (d)a) All national universities. b) All public universitiesc) Some private universities. d) All of the above.4)How many high school seniors will choose further study? (c)a) All of them. b) More than halfc) Only half of them. d) Less than halfB. Answer the following questions.1) Why do many students attend the special preparation school?Key: Many students attend special preparation schools besides their regular classes, in order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the national University of Tokyo.2) How long do these extra schools last?Key: These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.Task 8ScriptThe School was opened in 1955 and is part of a non-profit-making educational foundation. Its 200 students, from 30-40 countries, work in large, attractive buildings set in extensive, beautiful gardens, within easy reach of the centre of Cambridge. The School has dining rooms, a library, video filming studio, language laboratories, listening and self-access study centres, computres, as well as facilities for tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton and football.General English classes are for students aged 17+. Complete beginners are not accepted. Students have classes for 21 hours a week. Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature. The cost of tuition, materials and books per term is £1,130. Accommodation is with local families. Lunch is provided in the School Monday to Friday. All other meals are taken with the family. There is a full range of social activities including excursions, discos and theatre-visits. The total cost of all non-tuition services is £670 per term. There are 3 terms of 10 weeks and summer courses of 9 weeks and 3 1/2 weeks.KeyA. Answer the following questions.1) What kind of school is it?Key: It's a non-profit-making educational foundation.2) Do they accept complete beginners?Key: No, complete beginners are not accepted.3) What other subjects within the General English timetable do they have?Key: Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature.B. Complete the following sentences with what your hear on the tape.1)Its 200 students, from 30-40 countries, work in large, attractive buildings set inextensive, beautiful gardens, within easy reach of the centre of Cambridge.2)The School has dining rooms, a library, video filming studio, language laboratories,listening and self-access study centres, computers, as well as facilities for tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton and football.3)Students have classes for 21 hours a week.4)The cost of tuition, materials and books per term is £1,130.5)Lunch is provided in the School Monday to Friday. All other meals are taken with thefamily.6)The total cost of all non-tuition services is £670 per term. There are 3 terms of 10weeks and summer courses of 9 weeks and 3 1/2 weeks.Task 9ScriptThis school has a capacity of 220 students. It occupies a 19th century building in a quiet tree- filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.General courses, either in the mornings or afternoons, comprise 15 50-minute periods per week. We cater for a wide range of classes from beginners to advanced, enabling us to place students at the level indicated by the special entry test which all students take. There are usually no more than 14 students in a class. In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on life in Britain at no extra cost.There are 8 classrooms, a multi-media learning centre, language laboratory, video, computer, lecture hall, canteen. We are open from January to December for courses of 3 to 14 weeks. There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers of English in summer. Fees are approximately £46 per week for general courses. Accommodation can be arranged with selected families with half board. There is a full social programme and regular excursions.KeyA. Answer the following questions.1) How many students can this school have?Key: This school has a capacity of 220 students.2) Where is this school located?Key: It is located in a quiet tree-filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.3) What do they have besides the 15 lessons?Key: In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on life in Britain at no extra cost.4) What kind of special courses do they have in summer?Key: There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers of English in the summer.B. Decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the tape.1) This school accepts only beginners. [ F ]2) Generally speaking there are 24 students in a class. [ F ]3) Accommodation can be arranged with selected families with half-board. [ T ]Task 10This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust. Situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km from the city centre, the College occupies a complex of purpose-built blocks and 14 large Victorian houses providing academic and residential accommodation. Facilities include an excellent library, video room, language laboratories, computer room, science laboratories, assembly hall and coffee bar.A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the two-year International Baccalaureate course, or courses at university level.All students are encouraged to participate in social and extracurricular activities including sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.Academic Year Courses (21 hours per week) leading to all principal EFL examinations, concentrate on language with selected studies in Literature, Politics, History, Art History, and Computing. Most students live in college houses each supervised by a resident warden, but some prefer family accommodation.KeyA. Answer the following questions.1) What kind of school is it?Key: This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust.2) Where is the school?Key: It is situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km from the city centre.3) What is the benefit for the EFL student?Key: A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the two-year International Baccalaureate course, orcourses at university level.4) What extracurricular activities do they have?Key: Their extracurricular activities include sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.B. Complete the following sentences with what you hear on the tape.1) Facilities include an excellent library, video room, language laboratories, computerroom, science laboratories, assembly hall and coffee bar.2) Most students live in college houses each supervised by a resident warden, but some prefer family accommodation.Task 11ScriptCindy Farrow is Andy and Kate Morgan's American cousin. She is 18 years old. She comes from California, on the west coast of the USA. She lives with her parents in San Francisco. She is a student at Berkeley College where she is studying modem languages. She wants to be an interpreter when she leaves university.She has many interests and hobbies. She loves reading, swimming and surfing but her favorite hobby is white-water rafting on the Colorado River. She thinks it's very exciting.At the moment Cindy is on her way to England to stay with the Morgans in Dover.。
现代大学英语听力课本答案unit1-unit3
Unit 1 Social CustomsTask 1A.1. She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral.2. She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.3. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers.4. Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who alllooked as if they were wearing a uniform.5. No, he didn’t.6. He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion.B.If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!Task 2A.1. people were much busier2. colder than England, minus thirty degrees, last longer3. much more mountainous, much higher and much more rocky, more beautiful4. tend to be more crowded5. the houses, smallerB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) FTask 3A.1) In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves, they don’t invite otherpeople to watch them.2) Usually eight people dance together.3) Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each sideof the square.4) He usually makes it into a song.5) They wear old-fashioned clothes.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) TC.1) eight people form a square, on each side of the square.2) What they should do, makes it into a song, sings it.3) don’t have much time to think4) old-fashioned clothes, pretty to watch.Task 41) It was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) They burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.3) The custom s aid the brides must wear “something old, something new, somethingborrowed, and something blue” to bring good luck.4) Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they triedto use up these things before Lent began.5) It was a straw man made by children in Czech, it was a figure of death.6) People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into thechurch people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.Task 5A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) TTask 6A.1) b 2) a 3) c 4) aB.1) family unit, process, change, used to be, the extended , the nuclear2) job patterns, progressed, agricultural, industrial, forced, jobopportunities, split up3) traditio nal, 缺,family, other living arrangementsC.1) mother, father, children, and some other relatives such as grandparents, living inthe same house or nearby.2) only the parents and the children.3) previously married men and women marry again and combine the children fromformer marriages into a new family.Task 7A.1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) c 7) cTask 8A.1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) bB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) T 10) FTask 9Social custo ms and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impo lite many years ago are no w acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impo lite behavio ur for a ma n to smoke o n the street. No man who thought o f himself as being a gentleman wo uld make a foo l o f himself by smok ing when a lad y was in the roo m.The important thing to remember about social custo ms is not to do anything that might make other people feel unco mfortab le—especially if they are yo ur guests. There is a story about a rich nob leman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nob le man calmly p icked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It wo uld have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or unco mfortab le.Unit 2 WeatherTask 11) b 2) a 3) dTask 2A.1) T 2) F 3) FB.1) d 2) c 3) cC.Climate, reputatio n, extraord inary, unreliab le, dry, wet, clear, dull, hot, cold, bad, mildTask 3I. the co untryTrees, grass, lakes and steamsII. A. 1. concrete, iro n, steel2. take in the heat during the day and thro w o f heat into the air at nightB. Warmer wintersCar engines , electrical app lianceIII. A. air pollutio n may stop sunlight fro m reaching the earthB. 1. Ice near the North and South po les to melt2. to be slo wly fo lded and peop le living in these cities to mo ve tohigher land.Task 4A.1) b 2) cB.night, delight, morning, warning, gray, way, red, headC.1) F 2) T 3 )FTask 51) c 2) b 3) d 4) c 5) cTask 6A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) TB.incred ib le, one minute, kilo meter, destroyed, lifted up, carried away, killed, injuredTask 7A.1) b 2) a 3) bB.1) It has been nice weather during the day, but it is going to change at night.2) Fine weather in southern Europe and not so nice in Northern Europe.C.For todaySoutheast England Maximu m temperatures of around 21 degreesSouthern Scotland 26 degrees Celsius b y mid-afternoo n Brighto n 23 degrees Celsius by early afternoo n Mid lands Light showers aro und midday Northwest of Scotland 15 ho urs of lo vely sunshineFor the weekendSpain Clo ud y b ut mainly dry with sunny periods, 23 degrees CelsiusGreece Heavy rain, 17 degrees CelsiusFrance Cloud y with rain, maximu m temperatures o f 22 degreesNorthern Ireland 34 degrees CelsiusMost of England 32 degrees CelsiusTask 9A. 1)ⅹ2)ⅹ3)√ 4)ⅹ5)ⅹ6)√ 7)√B.[f]→[c]→[a]→[d]→[b]→[e]C.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) FD.1) d 2) bTask 10Undo ubted ly, Tibet is one o f the harshest places for human existence. It is cool in summer but freezing co ld in winter. In Lhasa, the mildest city in Tibet, temperatures may exceed 29 degrees Celsius in summer while plummeting to -16 degrees Celsius in winter! Sun radiatio n is extremely strong in Tibet. The sunlight in Lhasa is so intense that the city is called Sunlight City. The thin air can neither block off nor retain heat so that thereare great temperature extremes o n the same day! The average temperature in northern Tibet is sub zero and winter arrives in October until the fo llo wing May or June. July and August are the best time to visit the area, enjo ying warm temperatures, intense sunshine, beautiful scenery and festive events. May, June and September represent the tourist season in east Tibet. In winter, roads are all blocked by heavy sno w. Landslides and rock falls freq uently occur, which will make travel difficult.Unit 3 Social IssuesTask 1A.1. Stress on the job costs American companies as much as $150 billion a year in lowerproductivity, unnecessary employee sick leave, and higher medical costs.2. The most stressful professions are those that involve danger and extreme pressureand those that carry a lot of responsibilities without much control.3. The best way to deal with stress is through relaxation, but sometimes the onlyanswer is to fight back or walk away.B.1. Three-quarters2. psychologists, doctors3. nervousness, anger, frequent illness, forgetfulness, mental problemsTask 2A.1) give in so easily to hijackers’ demands.a) threaten to blow up a plane, commit some other outrage.b) hold out against this kind of blackmail, always have terrorists, Start executingterrorists automatically.c) be prepared to face the consequences of evil.2) a) It’s the lesser of two evils. Terrorists have proven often enough that they reallymean business.b) Innocent lives, threatening the innocent will achieve its endsB.She implies that if the first speaker was one of the victims of terrorism, she would want the government to give in to the demands so that she wouldn’t die.Task 3A.1) thirty-five, natural lights, a small window, hot, airless, very noisy.2) Mexico3) ought to, shouldn’tB.1) It is located in a narrow street with five-and six-storey buildings eight kilometersfrom downtown Los Angeles.2) This factory makes shirts and jeans.3) She’s already been working for ten hours, but she won’t stop for another two hours.4) She can’t complain about those things because she is an illegal immigrant.Task 4A.social trends1) marked differencesa) one hour more every day, three hours more every week.b) 1%, cleaning and ironing, keep household accounts, do repairs or improvementsc) 30%2) leisure activities, watching television, 20 hours a week, going for walks, Swimming,British womenB.Unlike the other couples, Carla has always kept her own accounts and Adrian has always done his own housework. Neither of them like watching television very much and they both like swimming.Task 5A.How a city in Japan solve the problem of garbage disposal.160 million, every year, 10%, 10%, the rest,public cooperation.1) garbage that can be easily burned, kitchen and garden trash.2) electrical appliances, plastic tools, plastic toys3) are poisonous, cause pollution, batteries4) bottles and glass containers that can be recycled5) mental containers that can be recycled6) furniture and bicycleson different days, on request, fertilizer, to produce electricity, recycled, cleaned, repaired, resold cheaply, given awayB.1) The garbage will be taken to a center that looks like a clean new office building orhospital. Inside the center, special equipment is used to sort and process the garbage.2) Official from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can usesome of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage disposal problems. Task 61. They were talking about Mrs. Carter.2. She was a tall, handsome woman who used to come into the shop at least twice aweek.3. She lived alone in a large house on an old farm—about three miles from the shop.4. He was absolutely certain, otherwise he would never call the police. His evidencewas this: First, he saw her do it; second, he found the things in her bag; third, she had done it before.5. Because two young people saw her. The shopkeeper believed that if they didn’tpunish her, young people would think that stealing didn’t matter.6. The judge thought that it was a difficult case from a humanitarian point of view.The excuses he found for her were: First, the woman was old and she lived alone—she was lonely. Second, she wasn’t poor—she was well-known for her generosity to charities and she didn’t need to steal. The items were only wor th a pound or two. Third, she pleaded not guilty and said she didn’t know that she had done it.Task 7A.not all modern cities are alike, modern city1) a single high-density centre, skyscraper, motorways, as far as you can see.2) the low-density multi-center city, a large collection of a number of small centres,shopping centres, factories, businesses, skyscrapersB.1) He thinks that the second type (the Los Angeles model) is more sensible.2) He considers it highly likely that the kind of city we know now will completelydisappear.Task 8A.1) He thinks that this country’s problems all come from inflation, which is the resultof the Democrat’s careless spending.2) No, she doesn’t agree with Ned. She believes that the problem is unemployment.If the government cuts spending too much, people will fall into a vicious circle of more unemployment and fewer taxpayers to share the burden.3) She agrees with Barbara. She believes that unemployment is a big problem,especially in the big industrial ci ties. And the government isn’t doing very much to help the big industries out.4) He believes in the free market system rather than government regulation orprotection. He thinks that without a lot of government interference everything will be okay.5) N o, they think it’s bad for the weak, the poor and the unprotected / it’s bad for theunderprivileged.B.More and more money, come from somewhere, higher taxes and high pricesTask 9A.1) The problem is whether or not the inner city—the core of most urban areas—willmanage to survive at all.2) They moved to the suburbs in search of fresh air, elbow room, and privacy.3) As a result, suburbs began to sprawl out across the countryside. Many citiesbegan to fall into disrepair. And many downtown areas existed for business only.4) The result was that urban centers declined even further and the suburbs expandedstill more.5) Because from the decision of the Taylors and many other young couples, we cansee that some people may be tired of spending long hours commuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantages of culture and companionship provided by city life.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) TC.1) middle-class, tax money, neighborhoods2) Crime, public transportation3) housing construction costs, was allowed to, constructedTask 10A.1) 54, 20, 1980, 70,0002) 30, 19803) a newspaper article, to research the market4) another few months, in April 1981, a 1500 sq. ft5) third, Canada, America, 20%, £1 million6) 20, 70, 3B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) TC.1) He was deeply involved in the present job and rather enjoyed himself. He thoughtthe shop was his own little baby and thought it was fun to serve behind the counter. However, he also thought that there was a lot more hard work than he was used to; he was working over the weekend doing his books. He called his old job “boring trips to Manchester to sell vast quantities of PVC”.2) He thought that there was far more job satisfaction, and believed that he wasmaking money, rather than making money for other people.3) He’s about to diversify into commercial distribution of imported and domesticallyproduced wine and wines he’s producing himself.Task 11I could hear the guard blowing his whistle, so I ran on to the platform and up to the train. Luckily, someone saw me coming, a door opened, and I jumped on while the train was moving out of the station. “Phew!” I thought. “That was hard work!” I was sure the other passengers could hear my heart beating; it was so loud, and I was in a cold sweat.After a while, I recovered, and had a look at the other passenger. The compartmentwas full, but I was the only one standing. The people in the carriage turned their eyes away as they noticed me looking at them. All except one, a beautiful woman sitting in the corner. I saw her watching me in the mirror. Automatically, I adjusted my tie. She had seen me running for the train: maybe this was my lucky day after all. I prepared to say hello.She spoke first, however. “Would you like my seat?” she asked. “Y ou look rather ill.” That was the day on which I realized I was getting middle-aged.。
现代大学英语听力1Unit1原文及答案(完整版)
Unit 1Task 1【答案】A.1) Susan Hudson and intercultural Communication2) The class will meet in the room they are in now and On Tuesday and Thursday from 3:15 to 4:50.3) They can purchase the textbook at the bookstore the day after tomorrow.4) The office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays.B.1) the first half, the research lab, Thursday, 405, the last two months2) outline, performance, quizzes, project, participation【原文】I’ll be your teacher Okay, okay, let’s begin. Hello, everyone. My name’s Susan Hudson andSusan Hudson and I’ll be your teacher for this class, Intercultural Communication.Uh, to begin with, please take a look at the syllabus in front of you. As you all should know by now, this class meets on Tuesdays from 3:15 to 4:50. We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using the research lab every other week on Thursday in Room 405 during the last two months of the class.Uh, this is the text for the class, Beyond Language. Unfortunately, the books haven’t come in yet, but I was told that you should be able to purchase them at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance on a midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroom participation.My office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays, and you can set up an appointment to meet with me at other times as well.Task 2【答案】A.1) According to the syllabus, the book he is looking for is in the library, but he couldn’t find it.2) That means the student cannot find the book on the shelves in its usual place. She/He needs to go to a special room called the reserve room.3) The professor wants everyone in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of the other students will have the opportunity to read it. So, your professor has insured that all students have the opportunity to read it by placing it on reserve.B.1) F, 2) T, 3) F【原文】Librarian: Can I help you?Student: Yes. I am a bit confused. My sociology class is supposed to read a chapter in a book called Sociology and the Modern Age. According to the syllabus, the book is in thelibrary, but I haven’t been able to find it.Librarian: Do you have your syllabus with you? May I see it?Student: Yes, uh...I put it in the front of my sociology notebook. Yes, here it is.Librarian: Let me see. Oh yes. Your professor has placed this book on reserve. That means youcannot find it on the shelves in its usual place. You need to go to a special room calledthe reserve room. It’s down the hall and to the right.Student: I’m sorry — I still don’t understand what you mean by on reserve.Librarian: You see, your professor wants everyone in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of the other students will havethe opportunity to read it. So, your professor has insured that all students have theopportunity to read it by placing it on reserve.Student: So, will I be able to find this book?Librarian: Yes, when a book is on reserve, a student can go to the reserve room and ask the reserve librarian for the book. The student can have the book for a few hours, and he or sheMUST read it in the library during that time. That way, the book stays in the library,and all students have a chance to read it.Student: OK. Thank you. I understand now.Librarian: Will there be anything else?Student: No! I am on my way to the reserve room. Thanks again!Task 3【答案】A.1) C, 2) CB.Undergraduate, five, two, Graduate, fifteen, two, 50, overdue, 15, cannot8:00 am, 10:00 pm, 9:00 am, 8:30 pm, Sundays【原文】Hello and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library facilities and operating hours.First of all, the library’s collection of books, reference materials, and other resources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one houses our humanities and map collections. On level two, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals, and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. You can also find back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months on this level. Finally, group study rooms, our microfilm collection, and the multimedia center are located on level four.Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks. Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times. There is a 50-cents-a-day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of $15. Periodicals and reference books cannot be checked out.The library is open weekdays, 8:00 am to 10:00 pm, and on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 8:30 pm. The library is closed on Sundays.Task 4【答案】A.Activities Time to begin Time to finish registration 8:30 9:15the orientation meeting 9:30 around 11the placement tests 11:15 noon tour around the campus1:30 2:15 the oral interviews 2:45 4:30B.1) Because now they have someone from the international center coming to speak to the students on extracurricular activities.2) They want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library and the student services building.C.1) up to their ears, hard pressed2) jot, grab, off3) finding a needle in a haystack 4) bottom line, running【原文】Randall: Hi Faith. Do you have a minute?Faith: Sure. What’s up?Randall: Well, I just wanted to go over the schedule for Wednesday’s orientation meeting to make sure everything is ready.Faith: Okay. Here’s a copy of the tentative schedule. [Okay.] Now, the registration starts at 8:30and goes until 9:15. [All right.] Then, the orientation meeting will commence at 9:30.Randall: Okay. Now, we had planned originally for the meeting to go until 10:30, but now wehave someone from the international center coming to speak to the students on extracurricular activities, so how about ending the meeting around 11?Faith: Fine. And, uh, then students will take the placement tests from 11:15 until noon [OK.],followed by 20-minute break before lunch. [OK.] And, immediately after lunch, we have reserved a campus shuttle to give students a 45-minute tour starting at 1:30. [Oh. OK.] We want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library, and the student services building. Randall: Great. Now, how about the oral interviews?Faith: Well, we’re planning to start them at 2:15.Randall: Uh, well, teachers are going to be up to their ears in preparations, and th ey’ll be hardpressed to start then.Faith: Ok, let’s get things rolling around 2:45.Randall: Ok, here, let me jot that down. Uh, could you grab a pen off my desk?Faith: Right. Finding anything on your desk is like finding a needle in a haystack. [Oh, it ’s notthat bad.] Here, use mine.Randall: OK. And we’ll need 150 copies of this program guide by then.Faith: Hey. That’s a tall order on such short notice! How about lending me a hand to put thingstogether [OK.] by this afternoon so we don’t have to wor together [OK.] by this afternoon so we don’t have to worry about them? ry about them? Randall: OK. And I think the manager has given the green light to go ahead and use the more expensive paper and binding for the guides this time.Faith: OK. So the interviews will go from 2:45 until, let’s say, 4:30. [OK.] I hope we can wrapthings up by 5.Randall: Great. I think the bottom line is to keep things running smoothly throughout the day.Faith: I agree. I’ll pass this schedule by the director for a final look.Task 5【答案】1) The student wants to have some information about the courses at Swan School.2) Each course lasts for three weeks.3) It’s about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week.4) The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second courseis from the 24th of July until the 10th of August.150 plus VA A T, which is 15 percent, and a £5 registration fee.5) Each course costs £150 plus V6) For each course the deposit is £20.7) A lady arranges the accommodation for the students with Oxford families.8) They can choose to have bed and breakfast only which is £20 a week, or bed, breakfast anddinner which is about £27 a week.【原文】Receptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Student: Y es, please. I would want to have some information about the…erm…the courses at Swan School.Receptionist: Is that a summer course you’re interested in?Student: Yes. Yes, please.-time courses during Receptionist: Y es. Fine. OK. Well, we have…erm…short intensive fullfull-timethe summer.Student: Mm-mm. I would want to know the length of one course.Receptionist: Yes. Each course lasts for three weeks.Student: How many hours per week, please?Receptionist: Well, it’s about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week.Student: You must have a lot of students in the class, haven’t you?Receptionist: We have a lot of students in the school but in the classes only about between 12 and 14 students.Student: 12 and 14. Could you please give me the dates of the first and the second course?Receptionist: Y es, certainly. The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second course is from the 24th of July until the 10th of August.Student: What about the fees per course?Receptionist: Y es, each…each course costs £150 plus V A T, which is 15 percent, and a £5 registration fee.Student: And deposit, please?Receptionist: Yes. For each course we need a deposit of £20 and the £5 registration fee.Student: Oh thank you. Do we have to find our…our own accommodation?Receptionist: No, we can do that for you. We have a lady who arranges the accommodation for you with Oxford families.Student: How much does it cost?Receptionist: Well, you can choose to have bed and break fast only which is £20 a week, or bed,breakfast and dinner which is about £27 a week.Student: £27. Thank you very much.Receptionist: You’re welcome.Task 6【答案】A.1) F, 2) T, 3) F B.1) Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.2) They must score between 1,430 and 1600.3) American universities also look at a student’s subject grades, what they do outside of school, and their teachers’ recommendations.4) The SAT II is the one-hour exam that can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.【原文】Every year, high school juniors and seniors from across the US take the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SA T 1).The SAT 1 is a three-hour exam that tests students’ math and verbal skills. Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to help decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.Scores range from 200 to 800 for each part. There is a total of 1,600 points. The test is held every year from October to June. But seniors must take it before December in order to include their scores in their university applications. The average total score for an American high school student is around 1,000.A poor SAT score can prevent a student from going to a good university. Students who want to go to one of America to go to one of America’s best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between 1,430 and ’s best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between 1,430 and 1,600.The test can be taken over and over again, but all the scores will appear on the students’ records. However, unlike Chinese universities, the score is not the only thing needed. American universities also look at a student’s subject grades, what they do outside of school, and their teachers’ recommendations.In addition to the SAT 1, some universities require high school students to take at least three SAT IIs. These one-hour exams can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.Task 7【答案】A.1) a, 2) c, 3) d, 4)cB.1) Many students attend special preparation schools besides their regular classes, in order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the National University of Tokyo. 2) These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.【原文】Japanese students need 12 years of study before entering universities.They choose the places they want to go and apply before January of their final year. The university entrance exam is a standard nationwide test held every year in January. It provides testsfor 31 subjects in six subject areas: Japanese language, geography and history, civics, math, science and a foreign language. All national and public universities, as well as some private ones make use of this exam. But many places also have their own tests in February or later, before the new school year starts in April.In order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the National University of Tokyo, many students attend special preparation schools on top of their regular classes. These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.Although every student has the chance of going to a Japanese university, only 50 percent of high school seniors actually choose further study.Task 8【答案】A. 1) It’s a non 1) It’s a non-profit-making educational foundation. -profit-making educational foundation.2) No, complete beginners are not accepted.3) Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature.B.1) 200, 30-40, attractive, beautiful, with easy reach of2) dining rooms, a library, language laboratories, computers, tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton, football.3) 214)£1,1305) Monday, Friday6)£670, 3, 10, 9, 3 ½【原文】The School was opened in 1955 and is part of a non-profit-making educational foundation. Its 200 students, from 30-40 countries, work in large, attractive buildings set in extensive, beautiful gardens, within easy reach of the centre of Cambridge, The School has dining rooms, a library, video filming studio, language laboratories, listening and self-access study centres, computers, as well as facilities for tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton and football.General English classes are for students aged 17+. Complete beginners are not accepted. Students have classes for 21 hours a week. Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature. The cost of tuition, materials and books per term is £1,130. Accommodation is with local families. Lunch is provided in the School Monday to Friday. All other meals are taken with the family. There is a full range of social activities including excursions, discos and theatre-visits. The total cost of all non-tuition services is £670 per term. There are 3 terms of 10 weeks and summer courses of 9 weeks and 3 1/2 weeks.Task 9【答案】A.1) This school has a capacity of 220 students.2) It is located in a quiet tree-filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.3) In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on Life in Britain at no extra cost.4) There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers and English in the summer.B.1) F, 2) F, 3) T【原文】This school has a capacity of 220 students. It occupies a 19th century building in a quiet tree- filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.General courses, either in the mornings or afternoons, comprise 15 50-minute periods per week. W e cater for a wide range of classes from beginners to advanced, enabling us to place students at the level indicated by the special entry test which all students take. There are usually no more than 14 students in a class. In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on life in Britain at no extra costThere are 8 classrooms, a multi-media learning centre, language laboratory, video, computer, lecture hall, canteen. We are open from January to December for courses of 3 to 14 weeks. There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers of English in summer. Fees are approximately£46 per week for general courses. Accommodation can be arranged with selected families with half board. There is a full social programme and regular excursions.Task 10【答案】A.1) This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust.2) It is situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km from the city centre.3) A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the two-year International Baccalaureate course, or courses at university level. 4) Their extracurricular activities include sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.B.1) an excellent library, video room, science laboratories, coffee bar2) college houses, a resident warden, family accommodation【原文】This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust. Situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km from the city centre, the College occupies a complex of purpose-built blocks and 14 large Victorian houses providing academic and residential accommodation. Facilities include an excellent library, video room, language laboratories, computer room, science laboratories, assembly hall and coffee bar.A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the two-year International Baccalaureate course, or courses at university level.All students are encouraged to participate in social and extracurricular activities including sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.Academic Y ear Courses (21 hours per week) leading to all principal EFL examinations, concentrate on language with selected studies in Literature, Politics, History, Art History, and Computing. Most students live in college houses each supervised by a resident warden, but some prefer family accommodation.Task 11【答案】Cindy Farrow is Andy and Kate Morgan’s American cousin. She is 18 years old. She comes from California, on the west coast of the USA. She lives with her parents in San Francisco. She is a student at Berkeley College where she is studying modern languages. She wants to be an interpreter when she leaves university.She has many interests and hobbies. She loves reading, swimming and surfing but her favorite hobby is white-favorite hobby is white-water rafting on the Colorado River. She thinks it’s very exciting.water rafting on the Colorado River. She thinks it’s very exciting.At the moment Cindy is on her way to England to stay with the Morgans in Dover.。
现代大学英语听力1_课堂听力unit_10
Unit 10Task 1【答案】million, 170,000, three, exercise, unhealthy, salt, sugar, vegetables, habits【原文】Heart disease kills more than a million people in the world every year. In Britain alone 170,000 die from the disease annually. There are three main reasons for this: smoking, a bad diet, and not taking enough exercise. Many people travel to work by car, bus or train and then sit down at work all day! The food they eat is unhealthy and they eat too much. In a typical British dish of sausages, chips and beans there is too much salt and too much sugar — an important ingredient in tinned food — and there are not enough vegetables. And there is not enough fiber in most meals. There are too many deaths from heart disease. We can reduce that number, but we have to change our habits.Task 2【答案】A.1) 60, 400, 25, 100, sugar, flour, powdered2) 45-55, 180, with【原文】Pear and Ginger Upside-down PuddingIngredients60ml golden syrup 400g canned pears (drain and retain juice)25 g glace cherries 100g margarine100g sugar 2 eggs150g flour l 0ml powdered gingera little milkMethodCooking time: 45-55 minutesOven: 180℃This is a popular favourite with the family. Grease a 20 cm round cake tin. Heat the syrup and pour into the tin and cover the base. Arrange the pears and glace cherries in the syrup. Cream the margarine and sugar together until light and fluffy. Beat in the eggs and finally stir in the flour and ginger. If the mixture is stiff add a little milk. Pour the mixture over the fruit and cook until golden brown and firm to the touch. Turn the pudding out onto a serving dish.Task 3【答案】A. 1) F, 2) TB.1) Their idea of a good meal is a hamburger, served with ketchup and French fries.2) Because they often have little space for tables and chairs. Many people buy their hamburgers and take them home to eat, or eat them in their cars.【原文】The younger members of most American families don’t like foreign food. They like hamburgers. Their idea of a good meal is a hamburger, served with ketchup and French fried potatoes, which are called French fries. French fries are not considered foreign; most American children and teenagers love to eat them any time of the day or night.Millions of hamburgers and French fries are eaten every year. Thousands of roadside restaurants prepare and sell them. These are not really restaurants in the usual sense; they often have little space for tables and chairs. Many people buy their hamburgers and take them home to eat, or eat them in their cars.Sometimes it is not necessary to go inside in order to buy the hamburgers. They are ordered through a window in the restaurant and then are handed out through the window to the waiting customer. Sometimes the customer does not even have to get out of his car.When an American family travels abroad, this is almost always the custom that the younger members of the family miss most.Task 4【答案】1) No. They don’t like anything but hamburger.2) Ground sirloin is more expensive than ground chuck, but it has less fat.3) She mixes the salt and pepper and onions with ground beef.4) A patty is a flattened ball.5) Because it will make the hamburger tough. They will be hard and tough.6) Rare, medium, or well-done.【原文】Mrs. Wong: Have you tried cooking Chinese fried rice?Mrs. Adams: Yes, I made it last Saturday, just the way you told me to make it.Mrs. Wong: How did it taste?Mrs. Adams: Not as good as yours, but we all liked it. All except my teenagers. They don’t like anything but hamburgers.Mrs. Wong: Oh, hamburgers! My children keep asking for hamburgers. I get so tired of hearing about hamburgers!Mrs. Adams: I know what you mean. I get tired of making them.Mrs. Wong: How do you make them? I suppose 1 should learn how.Mrs. Adams: They’re very simple, compared to your food.Mrs. Wong: What kind of meat do you buy?Mrs. Adams: Some kind of ground beef. I usually ask for either ground sirloin or ground round steak. It’s more expensive than ground chuck, but it has less fat.Mrs. Wong: How much do you buy?Mrs. Adams: A pound makes four big hamburgers.Mrs. Wong: What do you mix with the ground beef?Mrs. Adams: I just add a little salt, some pepper, and sometimes a little chopped onion. Some people don’t like it with onions, but 1 do.Mrs. Wong: So you mix the salt and pepper and onions with the ground beef.Mrs. Adams: Yes, and divide the mixture into balls. Then make the balls into patties.Mrs. Wong: What is a patty?Mrs. Adams: You just press down on a ball and make it flat. Patties are flattened balls. If you wantto get more than four patties out of a pound of meat, just make the patties thinner.But don’t handle the meat too much.Mrs. Wong: Why not?Mrs. Adams: Because it will make the hamburgers tough. They’ll be hard and tough.Mrs. Wong: Then I suppose you cook them on top of the stove.Mrs. Adams: Yes, in a hot frying pan. Put some butter in the pan and let it melt. Then put the hamburger patties in.Mrs. Wong: How long do you cook them?Mrs. Adams: That depends on how you like them. Some people like them rare— red inside. Mrs. Wong: I don’t like them rare!Mrs. Adams: If you like them medium or well-done, cook them longer.Mrs. Wong: Then you put them between pieces of bread.Mrs. Adams: Most people use special rolls. You put the hamburger inside the big roll, and serve it with ketchup and pickles. I let my family spread ketchup on their own hamburgers,if they want it.Mrs. Wong: Is that all you need to do?Mrs. Adams: That’s all.Task 5【答案】A.1) 4,700, ten, eleven2) London, Paris, same, apple pies, coffee, Cola, orange drink, thick milk3) white, cream, yellow, green4) paper bags, thick paper cupsB.1) F, 2) F, 3) T, 4) TC.1) In an ordinary restaurant you go to a table and sit down. A waiter or waitress brings you a menu and you choose your meal. Then you wait for the food. The waiter brings the food to your table, and at the end of the meal he brings you the bill. Then you pay for the meal and go home.In a fast food restaurant you look at the price list in the widow or on the wall rather than a menu. Then you go to the counter and give your order. You don’t wait for your food. The staff behind the counter have special machines and special routines. They prepare the food very quickly and put it in boxes, cups or bags.2) Because you eat it from the bag or box with your fingers.【原文】Do you want a good meal? Do you want a quick meal’? Then go to a fast food restaurant. There are now thousands of fast food restaurants in the cities of the world. One famous name is Harry’s Hamburgers. Harry’s Hamburgers come from America and they are 22 years old. There are 4,700 Harry’s Hamburgers in 25 different countries. In England the restaurants open at ten o’clock in the morning and close at eleven o’clock at night. They are open every day of the week and every week of the year. But they close on 25th December, Christmas Day. All the restaurants serve the same food. In London or New York, Paris or Madrid, people eat the same hamburgers, French fries and apple pie. And they drink the same drinks: coffee, Cola, orange drink or thickmilk shake.In an ordinary cafe or restaurant you go to a table and sit down. A waiter or waitress brings you a menu and you choose your meal. Then you wait for the food. Sometimes you wait for half an hour. That’s a long time. The waiter brings the food to your table, and at the end of the meal he brings you the bill. Then you pay for the meal and go home.In a fast-food restaurant you don’t sit at a table and look at a menu. You look at the price-list in the window or on the wall, and choose your meal. Then you go to the counter and give your order. You don’t wait for your food. The staff behind the counter have special machines and special routines. They prepare the food very quickly, and put it in boxes, cups or bags.Quarterpounder hamburgers come in white boxes, cheeseburgers in cream boxes, half-pounders in a yellow box and fishburgers in green boxes. They put French fries and apple pies in paper bags and serve all the drinks in thick paper cups. At Harry’s Hamburgers you pay for your meal before you eat it. The person at the counter takes your money and gives you your order. People often eat in the restaurants. They get their food on a tray and take it to a table. Fast food is finger food— you eat it from the bag or box with you fingers. After the meal you put your bags, paper cups and boxes in a big litter bin.Many people don’t eat in the restaurants but take their meal away. They get their order in a strong paper bag and take it to their office, to a park or to their homes. But the food always tastes the same. Millions of people in the world eat it — and like i t. Harry’s Hamburgers sell mi llions of hamburgers in a year.Task 6【答案】1) Two hamburgers, a cheeseburger, two small French-fries, a coffee, a cola and a chocolate milk shake. And it’s take-away.2) Three pounds twenty-one pence.3) They can find little packets of milk and sugar in the bag.【原文】Customer staff: Good morning. What is your order please?Customer: Two hamburgers, a cheeseburger and two small French-fries, please.Customer staff: Do you want drinks?Customer: Yes, please. A coffee, a Cola and a chocolate milk shake.Customer staff: Right. Do you want to eat here or take away?Customer: Take-away please.Customer staff: Two hamburgers, a cheeseburger, two small French-fries, a coffee, a cola and a chocolate milk shake. And it’s take-away. That’s three pounds twenty-one penceplease.Customer: Here you are.Customer staff: Thank you. Here’s one pound seventy-nine pence change. And here’s your order.Customer: Thanks. Is there milk and sugar for the coffee?Customer staff: Yes, there is. We put little packets of milk and sugar in the bag.Customer: I see. Thank you.Customer staff: Thank you. Enjoy your meal.Task 7【答案】1) Tomato soup for Sally and mushroom soup for Peter.2) Sally orders roast mutton with mint, boiled potatoes and some Brussels sprouts. Peter orders roast beef and Yorkshire pudding with gravy, and some boiled cabbage.3) They both have some apple tart and vanilla ice-cream.4) Because both the food and the service there are excellent.【原文】Peter and Sally are having Sunday dinner together at a well-known restaurant in Bayswater. Waiter: Good evening, sir; good evening, madam. There’s a table for two over by the window.This way, please.Peter: Thank you. Could we see the menu, please?Waiter: Certainly. Here you are, sir.Peter: Thank you. Well, now, Sally, what do you fancy?Sally: I think I’ll have some tomato soup first.Peter: And I’ll have mushroom soup. Bring us some rolls and butter with the soup, please. Waiter: Yes, sir.Peter: What kind of meat do you prefer, Sally? I see they have roast beef, pork chops, mutton and steak.Sa lly: I’d like roast mutton with mint, please, and boiled potatoes. Some Brussels sprouts, too, please.Peter: I’ll have roast beef and Yorkshire pudding with gravy, please, and some boiled cabbage. Sally: Afterwards, I’d like some apple tart and vanilla ic e-cream.Peter: The same for me, please. (to Sally) What shall we have to drink, Sally? Some red wine? Sally: French burgundy is my favourite, you know.Peter: All right. (to the Waiter)A bottle of French burgundy, please.Waiter: Straight away, sir.Sally: It’s nice to have a meal out for a change, isn’t it?Peter: Yes, and this is one of my favourite places. Both the food and the service are excellent here.Task 8【答案】A.1) Cosmopolitan means “consisting of people from many different parts of the world”.2) He means that all those kinds of food have already become a normal part of a Londoner’s diet today.3) The Indian and Pakistani restaurants are the cheapest ones.4) No. Almost all the restaurants there serve Cantonese dishes, but there’s one that specializes in Peking cuisine.5) They are going to have a look in the Guanghua Bookshop.B.1) sprung, mushrooms, immensely, with2) under the sun, represented, somewhere or another3) come onto the scene4) all the more5) colorful, atmosphere, overhead6) soup, boiled, As for, sweet, sour, fried chicken, green【原文】Nick and David are walking through Oxford Street looking for a place to eat.Nick: You Londoners certainly have a very cosmopolitan taste these days! It seems almost impossible to find an English restaurant here anywhere. Nearly every restaurant I see seems to be Italian, Greek, Chinese or Indian!David: You’re right. These foreign restaurants have sprung up like mushrooms all over London and have become immensely popular with everyone. There can be no doubt that our eating habits have changed greatly in the past eight or ten years. Italian spaghetti, Greek kebabs and salads, Chinese chicken chow mien and Indian curries are all a normal part of a Londoner’s diet nowadays. In fact, we hardly ever think of such things as being foreign anymore.Nick: This is true in the North of England and the Midlands, as well, at any rate in the larger towns and cities. But here in London, every nationality under the sun seems to be represented in a restaurant somewhere or another.David: Yes. The big American hamburger and steak houses are very popular nowadays. Several Japanese and some Korean and Indonesian restaurants have come onto the scene recently, too.Nick: That makes London all the more fascinating, doesn’t it?David: That’s right. But most of these restaurants are rather expensive.Nick: I hear that the Indian and Pakistani restaurants are the cheapest ones.David: Yes, and the food is usually excellent. But there are plenty of good Chinese restaurants, too, where the prices are very moderate and the meals superb. The best ones are down in Gerrard Street, behind Piccadilly Circus in what we call “Chinatown”.Nick: Why don’t we go to one of them now? Is Gerrard Street far from here?David: No. We’ll just turn right here and go down Wardour Street through Soho. It’ll only take us about ten minutes to get to Gerrard Street.Nick: Wonderful! I’m dead keen on Chinese food, you know.David: Almost all the restaurants there serve Cantonese dishes, but there’s one that specializes in Peking cuisine.Nick: Oh, here we are; I can tell by all those signs in Chinese that this is the street we’re looking for.David: Yes. There are about twelve very good Chinese restaurants here. We’ll have a look at both sides of the street first and then decide on one.Nick: I see that there are some Chinese supermarkets here, too.David: Oh, yes. And there on the right is the Hong Kong Cultural Centre and just beside it, a Chinese cinema. Just around the corner here, in Newport Place, there’s the Guanghua Bookshop, where all sorts of newspapers, books, magazines, records and art from the People’s Republic of China are sold. I know the manager there well. We can go in a nd have a look after we’ve had lunch.Nick: Good. Which restaurant do you recommend?David: “The Far East” is my favourite. They serve both Cantonese and Pekinese dishes. Let’s go in.Nick: What a colourful Chinese atmosphere here with all those red lanterns overhead and thosebeautiful pictures on the wall!Waiter: Good afternoon, gentlemen.Nick: This is fabulous, David; there a re more than 100 Chinese dishes listed here! You’d better do the choosing. I’m not acquainted with very many of them.David: All right. (to the waiter) Two bowls of shark’s fin soup, two large bowls of boiled rice and two spring rolls. As for the mixed dis hes, we’ll have sweet and sour pork with pineapple, fried chicken with garlic sauce and peanuts and a bowl of sliced beef with green peppers. Waiter: What kind of tea would you like, gentlemen, English or Chinese?David: Chinese jasmine tea, please. (to Nick) Can you eat with chopsticks, Nick?Nick: Yes, but not very well.David: Never mind, I’ll teach you how to use them properly. It’s as easy as ABC.Task 9【答案】A.1) Harvest Festival takes place in the autumn.2) Because it started Christianity.3) In the old days farmers kept some of the last corn and decorated it with flowers. They also made little dolls out of corn, which are called corn dollies.B.1) F, 2) T【原文】Harvest Festival takes place in the autumn. It is a very ancient festival which started before Christianity. At the end of the summer people always thanked their gods for the harvest. A good harvest gave everyone food for the winter. A bad harvest brought disaster. In the modern world rich countries can buy food from abroad, so there is always food in the shops. People do not worry about the harvest, but they still celebrate Harvest Festival. They decorate the churches with flowers, fruit and vegetables and have a special service. Many schools celebrate Harvest Festival too. Teachers and students bring food and flowers to decorate the school hall. After the Harvest Festival they take their harvest gifts to Old People’s Homes or to hospitals.In the old days farmers kept some of the last corn and decorated it with flowers. They also made little dolls out of corn, called corn dollies. Each farm kept a corn dolly until the next year, to bring them a good harvest. Today people copy these ancient ideas for their Harvest Festival decorations. Past and present come together in this favorite festival.Task 10【答案】A.1) 18th century, hand, 1742, 18142) height, 1.5, 2, 2,000B.1) Mustard has strong yellow colour and hot taste. We can see it with salt and pepper on every good dinner table.2) There are two main kinds of mustard, one with brown seeds and the other with white. They both produce a rich yellow “flour” and contain mustard oil. The oil form the brown seeds has a strong taste, and the oil from the white seeds is hot, like pepper. Good modern mustard is madefrom both kinds of seed.3) One ton per acre in a good year.【原文】Everyone knows mustard, with its strong yellow colour and hot taste. You see it with salt and pepper on every good dinner table. But where does it come from? How does it get onto our tables?The Romans probably brought mustard to Britain, and farmers in eastern England have grown it ever since. Until the 18th century, people ground the seed by hand, but there have been special mustard mills since 1742. The largest firm in Britain started in 1814 and now exports mustard all over the world.There are two main kinds of mustard, one with brown seeds and the other with white. They both produce a rich yellow “flour” and contain mustard oil. The oil from the brown seeds has a strong taste, and the oil from the white seeds is hot, like pepper. Good modern mustard is made from both kinds of seed. The mustard plant grows to a height of about 1.5 to 2 metres, and each seed can multiply itself 2,000 times in one season.Jimmy Hazel has a 400-acre farm eight kilometres south of Norwich. He does not keep any animals, but grows several different crops: wheat, sugar beet, barley and mustard. He uses 10 percent of his land for mustard.“The mustard seed arrives from the factory at the end of winter— one kilogram for each acre of land. I plant it in March and it usually flowers in June. The mustard fields always look very pretty, but I have to watch out for weeds and insects. When the plants begin to die, I check the seeds. They’re ready when you can shake them in the pod. In August or September we harvest our crop. With a combine harvester it takes about a day to cover the mustard fields. Then I send the seed to the mill, where they check it. If there are any weeds or wheat in the crop, they won’t take it. And I don’t get any money for it! In a good year I produce about 40 tons of mustard seed.”Task 11【答案】A.1) animalsa) pork, beef, mutton, butter, cheeseb) Lambd) chicken, duck, turkey2)a) apples, oranges, bananas, tomatoesb) tea, potatoesc) rice, wheatdifferent plants and animals need different climates1) cool, Scotland, New Zealand2) any part of the world, more milk3) cool4) warm, dry, the Mediterranean5) sun, rain, tropical, Africa, South AmericaB.Bakers, butcher, grocer’s, shops, street market, supermarket, healthy【原文】We all need food. We cannot live without it. What kinds of food do we need? Where does our food come from?There are two basic kinds of food. One comes from animals and the other from plants. Meat comes from animals: we get pork from pigs, beef from cows and mutton from sheep. Lamb is the name for the meat from young sheep, or lambs. Fish from the sea is meat too, and we also eat birds like chicken, duck and turkey. We get other products from birds and animals too. Eggs come from chickens and ducks, and from cows’ milk people make but ter and cheese.From plants we get fruit, vegetables and cereals. A lot of our fruit grows on trees: apples, oranges and bananas. Many small plants have fruit too, like the coffee plant. So coffee is really a fruit drink! What about tea? Tea comes from a plant, but it is not a fruit. We make tea from the leaves of a small plant, so tea is a vegetable. And what about tomatoes? “Tomatoes are vegetables,” people say. “No,they’re not,” say the scientists. “Tomatoes are really fruit.” Some kinds of vegetables grow under the ground. The potato is one example. Different kinds of grass also give us food, called cereals. Rice and wheat are important cereals. Millions of people in the world eat rice or make bread from wheat.Where does our daily food come from? Some people grow their own food, but usually farmers produce our food for us. Different kinds of food come from different countries. Why? Because different plants and animals need different climates. Sheep, for example, have thick woolly coats, so they can live in a cool climate. You find sheep in countries like Scotland and New Zealand. Cows can live in any part of the world, but they produce more milk in cool climates.Apples like a cool climate. They are the number one British fruit. But oranges need a warm, dry climate. So oranges grow well in the countries round the Mediterranean. Bananas like a lot of sun and rain, so they only grow well in the tropical climates of countries in Africa and South America.Many different shops sell food. Bakers sell bread and butchers sell meat. You find eggs, milk, butter and cheese, rice, coffee and tea in a grocer’s shop. You can buy fish, fruit and vegetables from shops or in a street market. And, of course, there is one shop for everything— a supermarket. Remember, you must buy good food for a healthy life. Do you eat the right food?Task 12【答案】1) He wanted to investigate the mysteries of the sausage.2) Because everyone in a food factory has to keep clean and tidy and cover all the hair of the head. 【原文】Announcer: We sent Tom Brown on a special mission. His destination—a town somewhere in Wiltshire and his task — to investigate the mysteries of the sausage.Tom Brown: New York has the Empire State Building; Rome has the Colosseum; Paris has the Eiffel Tower and the Pompidou Centre. But Trowbridge, Trowbridge has Bowyers.Yes I’ve come here to Trowbridge early on a gray January morning, to investigate atopic close to my heart — or rather close to my stomach — something I can reallyget my teeth into. Behind me is the Bowyers factory. I’m about to go through thisgateway of gastrono mic delights, to visit this Mecca of the meat pie. What’s goingon inside, I wonder? Are innocent sausages being frightened out of their skins? Aremeat pies doing their crusts? I’m going in to talk to Mr. Cook, the site manager, toask some important, probing questions. Why are sausages called bangers, forinstance?Mr. Cook: No, I’m sorry, I don’t know. No, I don’t know, no.Tom Brown: I’ve noticed that everyone in the factory seems to be wearing a different kind of white hat.Mr. Cook: Well, everyone in a food factory has to keep clean and tidy and cover all the hair of the head. You will be putting on a hat such as the operators on the shop floor wearwhich is a white peaked hat with a snood down the back to cover all the hair on yourhead.Tom Brown: Yes, I see it’s got a rather fetching hairnet at the back...Task 13【答案】Judy thought that she would enjoy her first day on the job, but everything went wrong. First she overslept. She was so upset about that that she caught the wrong bus. She got to the soft drink factory at nine instead of eight thirty. Her new boss, who was a tall fat man, was very angry. He taught her what to do in a rush. All she had to do was watch a machine fill bottles with Cola. Then she pushed a button and sent the bottles to be capped.At lunch, her boss sent her out to buy him a sandwich. She bought herself some fruit, but dropped it and stepped on it. By the end of the afternoon she felt hungry, bored and tired. And she never wanted to see another bottle of Cola in her life. The next morning she got to work on time and quit!。
现代大学英语听力1Unit2原文及答案(完整版)
Unit 2Task 1【答案】A.1) elephants 2) chimpanzees 3) giraffes 4) penguins 5) kangaroos 6) zebras 7) polar bears B.1) and a tail 2) big ears 【原文】1) They live in Africa and India. They have four legs and a tail. They are very big and very strong. They are intelligent, too. They have a trunk and some of them have tusks. They sometimes live for 70 years. 2) They live in Africa and Asia. The y are brown. They have arms and legs, but they don’t have a a tail. tail. tail. Their Their Their arms arms arms are are are very very very long long long and and and they they they have have have big big big ears. ears. ears. They They They are are are good good good climbers. climbers. climbers. They They They are are very intelligent, too. 3) They live in Africa. They are very tall. They have four legs, a tail and a very long neck. They eat leaves and twigs. They can run very fast. They are brown and white. 4) They live in very cold countries. They have wings, but they can’t fly. They are good swimmers. They eat fish. They are blue and white or black and white. 5) They live in Australia. They are red or gray. They have short front legs, long back legs and a very very long long long tail. tail. tail. The The The back back back legs legs legs and and and the the the tail tail tail are are are very very very strong. strong. strong. They They They can can can run run run very very very fast. fast. fast. The The The females females carry their young in a pouch. 6) They live in Africa. They have four legs and a tail. They have a beautiful coat with black and white or brown and white stripes. They eat grass and plants. 7) They live in very cold countries. They have four legs. They are very big and very strong. They have a white coat. They can swim. They eat seals and fish. Task 2【答案】A.1) The cheetah. 2) 170 km/h. 3) More than 100 km/h. 4) Because most animals run on four legs. 5) Because we have machines. B.1) F, 2) F, 3) T 【原文】The fastest animal on land is the cheetah. It can run at a speed of about 100 kilometres an hour. The fastest bird in the world can fly at 170 km/h, and the fastest fish can swim at more than 100 km/h. Human beings are not very fast. The fastest man in the world can only run at about 40 km/h. Many animals can run faster than this. But most animals run on four legs. Four legs are better than two, aren’t they? Why do we only have two legs?Scientists say that we are more intelligent than other animals because we stand on two legs, so so we we we can can can use use use our hands our hands for for other other other things. We can pick things. We can pick things things up up up with with with them. them. them. We We We can can can use use use tools. tools. Human beings have used tools for millions of years. That is why our brains have developed. That is why we have become the most intelligent animals in the world. In In the the the past past past few few few years, years, years, we we we have have have made made made all all all kinds kinds kinds of of of machines. machines. machines. W e W e have have have made made made cars, cars, cars, ships, ships, aeroplanes and spacecraft. In these machines we can travel faster than any animal —by land, by sea, or by air. We can even go to the moon. No other animal has ever done that! Task 3【答案】A.1) Climate, lack of food and aliens from outer space might be responsible for their extinction. 2) No. B.B: might have gotten, killed them off A: may have run out of food B: could have been destroyed by aliens 【原文】A: You know, w e’re studying dinosaurs in science class.we’re studying dinosaurs in science class. It’s really interesting.B: Oh, yeah? Hey, have you learned why the dinosaurs disappeared? A: Well, no one knows for sure. B: I thought it had something to do with the climate. The temperature might have gotten cooler and killed them off. A: Yeah, that’s one theory. Another idea is that they may have run out of food. B: Uh-h uh. And you know, there’s even a theory that they could have been destroyed by aliens huh. And you know, there’s even a theory that they could have been destroyed by aliens from outer space. A: That sounds crazy to me! Task 4【答案】1) The mayfly. A few hours. 2) They just do two things: finding a mate and producing young. 3) We could judge by its growth rings. 4) It was kept for 152 years. 【原文】For the shortest life, the first prize must go to the mayfly, which typically lives only a matter of a few hours after it emerges from its shell. Few mayflies live to see the sun rise again. These creatures creatures devote devote devote their their their whole whole whole lives lives lives to to to a a a single single single desperate desperate desperate mission: mission: mission: finding finding finding a a a mate mate mate and and and producing producing young. They d on’t even have functional mouths and stomachs. They simply have no time to eat. In don’t even have functional mouths and stomachs. They simply have no time to eat. In fact they have no time for anything else. The The record-holder record-holder record-holder for for for the the the longest longest longest life life life may may may be be be the the the Arctic Arctic Arctic clam, clam, clam, one one one of of of which which which lived lived lived quietly quietly underwater for 220 years. However it did not have any birth certificate to prove this. One could only judge by its growth rings. If you insist on better documentation, the oldest animal ever was probably a tortoise that died in in 1918. 1918. 1918. It It It had had had been been been captured captured captured already already already full-grown full-grown full-grown in in in 1766, 1766, 1766, nine nine nine years years years before before before the the the American American Revolution began and it died 152 years later as World War I came to a close. Task 5【答案】 A.People have different opinions on using animals for research. B.1) for a. was tried first on animals. b. is dependent on c. using unwanted animals. 2) against a. suffer b. unnecessary c. the same rights 3) a. cell culture b. computer modeling. 【原文】Every Every year year year about about about 17 17 17 million million million animals animals animals are are are used used used in in in Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory experiments. experiments. experiments. But But But in in in many many countries today, a difficult question is being asked: Do we have the right to use animals in this way? People People who who who are are are for for for using using using animals animals animals in in in research research research argue argue argue that that that the the the use use use of of of animals animals animals in in in medical medical research has has many many many practical practical benefits. benefits. Animal Animal research research has has has enabled enabled enabled researchers researchers to to develop develop treatments treatments for for for many many many diseases, diseases, diseases, such such such as as as heart heart heart disease disease disease and and and depression. depression. depression. It It It would would would not not not have have have been been possible to develop vaccines for diseases like smallpox and polio without animal research. Every drug anyone takes today was tried first on animals. Future medical research is dependent on the use of animals. Which is more important: the life of a rat or that of a three-year-old child? Medical Medical research research research is is is also also also an an an excellent excellent excellent way way way of of of using using using unwanted unwanted unwanted animals. animals. animals. Last Last Last year, year, year, over over over 12 12 million animals had to be killed in animal shelters because no one wanted them as pets.However those who are against it point out that the fact that humans benefit cannot be used to justify using animals in research any more than it can be used to justify experimenting on other humans. Animals suffer a lot during these experiments. They are forced to live in small cages, and they may be unable to move. Much of the research that is carried out is unnecessary anyway. Animals have the same rights as humans do — to be able to move freely and not to have pain or or fear fear fear forced forced forced on on on them. them. them. Researchers Researchers Researchers must must must find find find other other other ways ways ways of of of doing doing doing their their their research, research, research, using using using cell cell culture and computer modeling. There should be no animals in research laboratories at all. Task 6【答案】A.1) No. 2) Because zoo officials want him to produce cubs with another female tiger, so they don ’t want him to become too interested in this family. B.1) four months 2) 13 kilograms 3) horse meat, their mother ’s milk. 4) the National Zoo ’s Website C.1) c, 2) c, 3) b 【原文】Visitors to the National Zoo in Washington D. C. can see three new young tigers. The rare babies met the public for the first time late last month. Ch ip O’Neal tells us about them. The The mother mother mother tiger tiger tiger sat sat sat nearby nearby nearby on on on the the the grass grass grass as as as her her her babies babies babies rolled, rolled, rolled, chased chased chased and and and bit bit bit each each each other other playfully. Then Korenchy also jumped into the games. Her cubs were born at the zoo four months ago. They are called Mike, Eric and Chrisy. The new young tigers at the National Zoo each weigh about 13 kilograms. Their fur is dark orange with black stripes. They eat horse meat and drink milk from Korenchy. Korenchy Korenchy and and and her her her babies babies babies are are are Sumatran Sumatran Sumatran tigers. tigers. tigers. Sumatran Sumatran Sumatran tigers tigers tigers came came came from from from the the the Indonesian Indonesian island of Sumatra. They are now in danger of disappearing from the earth. Fewer than 500 of these tigers remain in the world. That includes about 60 living in zoos in North America. Korenchy came to the National Zoo from the Jakarta Zoo in Indonesia. The girl was part of the Sumatran Tiger Species Survival Program. Korenchy has given birth to live cubs three tines. The father of her new cubs is Rokan, a Sumatran tiger who arrived two years ago from another zoo. Korenchy and Rokan had their babies the natural way instead of the scientific method often used to produce young animals in zoos. A A wire wire wire fence fence fence separates separates separates Rokan Rokan Rokan from from from his his his babies. babies. babies. Zoo Zoo Zoo workers workers workers who who who care care care for for for Rokan Rokan Rokan say say say he he reaches through the fence to wash the cubs with his tongue. They say this means he recognizes Mike, Mike, Eric Eric Eric and and and Chrisy Chrisy Chrisy as as as his his his cubs. cubs. cubs. However, However, However, zoo zoo zoo officials officials officials are are are hoping hoping hoping that that that Rokan Rokan Rokan will will will produce produce more cubs with another female Sumatran tiger at the zoo, so they do not want him to become too interested in this family. The The National National National Zoo Zoo Zoo hopes hopes hopes to to to keep keep keep the the the Sumatran Sumatran Sumatran tiger tiger tiger cubs cubs cubs for for for at at at least least least 18 18 18 months months months before before sending sending them them them to to to other other other zoos. zoos. zoos. That That That is is is about about about the the the age age age when when when most most most tiger tiger tiger cubs cubs cubs in in in the the the wild wild wild leave leave leave their their mothers. The National Zoo has placed cameras in the Sumatran tigers ’ living area, so people with computers can see them. To do this, use your computer to find the National Zoo ’s Website at www. /natzoo. Task 7【答案】A.1) Cats have been more popular, because there are more pet cats in American homes. 2) About 8,000 years 3) They probably arrived in the United States from Europe. 4) No. B.1) a) food especially prepared for cats b) other equipment c) with images of cats d) in special burial grounds 2) a) pleasure b) care c) being alone d) independent C.1) F, 2) F, 3) T, 4) F, 5) F 【原文】An old expression says, “Man Man’’s best friend is his dog.” Today, however, it seems that cats have replaced dogs as the most popular pets in American homes. Americans have more than 62 million pet dogs. But even more cats — more than 64 million — live in American homes. These pet cats may have long hair or short hair. They are different colors and sizes. Some are costly costly animals animals animals that that that take take take part part part in in in competitions. competitions. competitions. Many Many Many more more more are are are common common common American American American mixtures mixtures mixtures of of several kinds of cats. Most house cats live a good life. They are not expected to work for their food. Instead, they rule their homes like furry kings and queens. They wait for their owners to serve them. Americans are increasingly s erious about their cats. These concerns have made the care of serious about their cats. These concerns have made the care of cats into big business. Each year, cat owners buy tons of food especially prepared for cats. They buy toys and other equipment. equipment. They They They buy buy buy jewelry jewelry jewelry and and and clothes clothes clothes for for for themselves themselves themselves with with with images images images of of of cats cats cats on on on them. them. them. Some Some owners even bury their dead pets in special burial grounds. Humans have loved and respected cats for centuries. Scientists have evidence that cats and people lived together as long as 8000 years ago. The small house cat was once a highly honored animal. In ancient Egypt, for example, people who killed a cat could be punished by death. Early in American history cats were not treated as gods, however. They probably arrived in the United States with settlers and traders from Europe. These cats worked. They killed rats and mice. Sometimes, Sometimes, Americans Americans Americans mistreated mistreated mistreated their their their cats. cats. cats. During During During the the the early early early days days days of of of the the the nation, nation, nation, religious religious extremists extremists believed believed believed that that that some some some cats cats cats were were were working working working for for for the the the devil. devil. devil. Black Black Black cats cats cats were were were especially especially suspected of being evil. Later, American families who had enough food began taking cats into their homes. People cared for the cats because the animals gave them pleasure. The cats thanked people for feeding them by making a purring sound. This pleasant noise usually means a cat is happy. Animal experts offer several reasons why cats have become so popular as house pets. They say say cats cats cats need need need less less less care care care than than than dogs. And dogs. And cats cats do do do not not not seem seem seem to to to suffer suffer suffer as as as much much much as as as dogs dogs dogs from from from being being alone if the owners are away. Still, millions of other people do not like cats at all. They say dogs are better and more loving pets. They say cats do not have much feeling. They believe cats stay with people only to be fed. Cat owners defend their pets against such criticism. They say cats are just much more independent than dogs. A student of animal medicine explains the situation this way: dogs follow you around — they want want you you you to to to talk talk talk to to to them them them and and and play play play with with with them them them a a lot lot of of the the time. time. time. Cats Cats Cats like like like more more more space space space and and and more more privacy — this does not mean they do not love their owners. Task 8【答案】Little Little Steve Steve Steve has has has a a a pet pet pet rabbit, rabbit, rabbit, Bunny. Bunny. Bunny. He He He plays plays plays with with with it it it every every every day day day after after after school. school. school. One One One day day day his his mother sees that her little boy is holding Bunny by the ears. From time to time he gives the poor rabbit an angry shake and says: “How much is two plus two?”“Steve,Steve,”” says his mother, “Why do you treat your poor little Bunny that way?” “Well,Well,”” explains Steve angrily, “Our teacher says that rabbits multiply very quickly, but this dummy can ’t even add.”Task 9【答案】 Most mammals live on land, but not all of them. Millions of years ago, some mammals went back to the sea and lived there. The legs of these animals disappeared, and after a long time they looked like fish. These animals became whales and dolphins. Whales and dolphins are still like other mammals in many ways. They are warm-blooded and they breathe air. They also have big brains. That is why they are more intelligent than fish. Whales have the biggest brains in the world. Their brain is bigger than the brain of a human being. 。
《现代大学英语听力》听力原文及答案Unit
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及答案U n i t1U n i t 1Task 1【答案】A.1) She wanted to see St. Paul’s Cathedral.2) She was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.3) They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers.4) Because she had often read about them and seen photographs of them, who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform.5) No, he didn’t.6) He used the English saying “It takes all kinds to make a world” to prove his opinion.B.If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if all the trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!【原文】Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of London. She wanted to see St. Paul's Cathedral. She was surprised to see so many Englishmen who looked alike. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats. They were all carrying umbrellas and newspapers. When she returned home she asked Mr clark about these strange creatures. "They must be typical English gentlemen," she said." I have often read about them and seen photographs of them. They all look as if they are wearing a uniform. Does the typical English gentleman still exist?"Mr. Clark laughed. "I've never thought about it," he answered." It's true that many of the men who work in the City of London still wear bowler hate and I suppose they are typical Englishmen. But look at this." Mr. Clark picked up a magazine and pointed at a photo of a young man. "He's just as typical, perhaps. It seems as if there is no such thing as a 'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English saying 'It takes all kinds to make a world'? That's true of all countries-including England."“Oh, just like the poem ‘If All the Seas Were One Sea’,” Gretel began to hum happily. If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If all the trees were one tree, what a great tree that would be! And if this tree were to fall in the sea, w hat a great splash that would be!”Task 2【答案】A.1) people were much busier2) colder than England; minus thirty degrees; last longer3) much more mountainous; much higher and much more rocky; more beautiful4) tend to be more crowded5) the houses; smallerB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F【原文】John is British but has worked in Japan. Etsuko is Japanese from Osaka, but she is studying in Britain. In the following passage you are going to hear, they are comparing life as they see it in the two countries. But before listening to it, think of the two countries and try to answer the following pre-listening questions.John: I found that living in Japan, people were busier. They seem to work the whole day.Etsuko: Yes, that’s right. We work from Monday through Saturday, even in summer. You know, summer in Japan is just horrible. It’s very, very humid and hot, and you need to shower three times a day.John: So you find it cooler in England?Etsuko: Yes, that’s right.John: Where I was living in Japan, in the North, it was much colder than England, especially in winter, minus thirty degrees centigrade. Does the winter in Osaka last longer than the winter in England?Etsuko: No, I don’t think so. December, January, February, March.John: Yes. It’s a little bit shorter if anything.Etsuko: Ever since I came here, I noticed that the countryside here in England is very beautiful.John: It’s much flatter than in Japan.Etsuko: Yes. Japan is a mountainous country and our cities are full of people. There are lots of people in a limited flat area.John: Yes, I found Japan much more mountainous than Britain, especially in the north. The mountains are much higher and much more rocky. I found it more beautiful than Britain, I think.Etsuko: Yes, if you like mountains.John: And therefore the towns and villages tend to be more crowded.Etsuko: Yes, that’s right.John: Yes. So because the cities are more crowded, the houses tend to be smaller, don’t they?Etsuko: Yes, they are very compact, and we don’t hav e a lot of space. In big cities we have a lot of taller buildings now.John: Is this a problem because there are more earthquakes in Japan?Etsuko: Yes, that’s right and…Task 3【答案】A.1) In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves; they don’t invite other people to watch them.2)Usually eight people dance together.3)Because people form a square in dancing with a man and a woman on each side ofthe square.4) He usually makes it into a song.5) They wear old-fashioned clothes.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) TC.1) eight people form a square; on each side of the square2) what they should do; makes it into a song; sings it3) don’t have much time to think4) old-fashioned clothes【原文】Rosa: Why don’t you have folk dances in the United States? Most countries have special dances that the people have done for many years. The dancers wear clothes from the old days. Everyone likes to watch them dance.Steve: We have folk dances, too. A lot of people belong to folk dancing groups. But when they dance, they usually do it just to enjoy themselves. They don’t invite other people to watch them.Rosa: Is there a folk dancing group here?Steve: I think so. There must be. There’s one in almost every city, and some big cities have several.Rosa: What are the dances like?Steve: Usually eight people dance together, four men and four women. When they start, they form a square, with a man and a woman on each side of the square. That’s why it’s called square dancing.Then there’s a man who tells the dancers what they should do. He usually makes it into a song. He sings it while they dance.Rosa: Oh, that should make the dances easy!Steve: Yes, but they are very fast. They don’t have much time to think. I like to watch them, though. The dancers wear old-fashioned clothes. That makes the dances pretty to watch.Rosa: I’d like to watch a group dance.Steve: I’ll take you sometime.Task 4【答案】1) It was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) They burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.3) The custom said the brides must wear “something old, something new, somethingborrowed, and something blue” to bring good luck.4)Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so theytried to use up these things before Lent began.5)It was a straw man made by children in Czech; it was a figure of death.6)People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into thechurch people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons.【原文】1) On the evening of February 3rd, people in Japanese families took one dried bean for each year of their age and threw the beans on the floor, shouting "Good luck in! Evil spirits out!" This was known as "Setsubun", a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) Before the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old days, many Chinese families burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck. When Lunar New Year's Day came, they put ancw picture of the kitchen god on the wall.3) When American women got married, they sometimes followed an old custom in choosing what to wear on their wedding day. The custom said the bride must wear "something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue". This was to bring good luck.4) Before Lent (a time on the Christian calendar), the people of Ponti, Italy ate an omelet made with 1,000 eggs. People could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent, so they tried to use up these things before Lent began.5) When winter ended in Czech, the children made a straw man called "Smrt", which was a figure of death. They burned it or threw it in the river. After they destroyed it, they carried flowers home to show the arrival of spring.6) January 17th was St. Anthony's Day in Mexico. It was a day when people brought their animals to church. But before the animals went into the church, the people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons. This ceremony was to protect people's animals.Task 5【答案】A.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) TB.Man: Well, I think life used to be much more fun than it is now. I mean, look at the Victorians. They had lots of servants to do all the work; they never had to do any cooking or cleaning; they just wore those beautiful dresses and went to tea parties.Woman: You must be joking! Their clothes were terribly uncomfortable and their teaparties were very formal and boring. They used to wear their hats and long gloves even when they were eating cakes and biscuits. And men were not usually invited.Man: Really? Weren't they?Woman: And think of the poor servants. What a terrible life — just cleaning and cooking for other people all the time!Man: But you hate housework!Woman: Yes, I know, but there are lots of machines now to help you with the housework.People don't need servants.Man: Maybe they don't, but life then was much slower than it is now-people nowadays are always rushing, and they never have time to stop and enjoy themselves. Woman: Life then was fine for the rich, but it was dreadful for the poor. There was much more illness. They didn't have the money to pay doctors, and they often used to die of illnesses that don't exist in England now.Man: Maybe. But people used to talk to each other, play the piano or play cards together. Nowadays people just sit in front of the television for hours and never talk to each other.Woman: I agree with you about television; but what about their children? They left their Children with the servants all day. Children hardly ever saw their parents! And the clothes they had to wear! Horrible, tight, uncomfortable, grown-up clothes. Children have a much better life now than they used to, and schools and education are much better too.Man: I hate school.Woman: And look at opportunities for women. In those days, women used to stay at home, play the piano, change their clothes several times a day and have tea parties. What a life! They didn't have any freedom at all. I'm very happy living now. I can work, have a career, do what I want to.Man: You mean you can work hard all your life like a Victorian servant. Woman: Life isn't all tea parties, you know.Task 6【答案】A.1) b 2) a 3) c 4) aB.1) family unit; process; change; used to be; the extended; the nuclear2) job patterns; progressed; agricultural; industrial; forced; job opportunities; split up3) traditional; family; expanded; other living arrangementsC.1) mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby2)only the parents and the children3)previously married men and women marry again and combine the children from formermarriages into a new family【原文】The American family unit is in the process of change. There used to be mainly two types offamilies: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family most often included mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as job patterns changed and the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people were forced to move to different parts of the country for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family became more prevalent; this consisted of only the parents and the children. Now besides these two types of traditional groupings, the word "family" is being expanded to include a variety of other living arrangements.Today's family can be made up of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there is an increase in single parent homes: a father or mother living with one or more children. "Blended families" occur when previously married men and women marry again and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, some couples are deciding not to have any children at all, so there is an increase in childless families. There are also more people who live alone: single, widowed, divorced. Now one in five Americans lives alone.Task 7【答案】A.B.1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) c 7) c【原文】In Japan both men and women go to university and both men and women study the arts such as history or English. But very few women study science, medicine or engineering. In engineering classes of thirty or forty students, there may be only one or two women. Men and women both go to university in order to get good jobs: men want to work for a big company, be successful, earn a lot of money and support a family; women, on the other hand, want to work for a big company because they have a better chance of meeting a successful man and getting married. This is changing, however, as Japanese women begin to think about their own careers. They have began to take jobs which they like rather than jobs in order to find a husband.Men work for their whole lives and usually stay with the same company. A woman may work up to ten years, but after that she usually gets married. Most women are married by the age of twenty seven, then they stay at home and look after the children.A man does not cook or look after the children. When he comes home, his meal must be ready. The woman may go out in the afternoon, shopping with her friends or having a chat, but she must go back home by four o'clock to prepare the meal. Then she may have to wait a long time for her husband to come home. Often he has to go out for a drink after work: if he doesn't he may not rise very high in the company. After her children grow up, a woman can go back to work, but it is not easy. If her former company takes older women back, she might be lucky. But most women find it difficult to find a job when they are older.Task 8【答案】A.1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) bB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) T 10) F【原文】Matthew: Geth, how do people set about getting married in England?Geth: I suppose the most common way is still for people to go home. For example, people who live in London now will go back to their homes in the provinces where they'll meet all their relatives and their parents, and they'll get married in a church, with the bride wearing white, the traditional white.Then they'll go off and have a booze-up with their relatives and friends and a jolly good time will be had by all. Otherwise you can get married ina registry office, which means you turn up with your bride-to-be orbridegroom-to-be with two witnesses only. The ceremony takes about five minutes, I suppose. You sign the form and that's it.Matthew: There are many today who say that marriage is a complete waste of time.What's your view of marriage in the twentieth century?Goth: Well, I live in London as you know. I think in London, the tendency is to...for a... boy and girl, man or woman to live together before marriage and often to live together without any prospect of marriage at all. I think this probably is... is true of London and the other big cities than elsewhere,because after all people in London are living in a big place where home ties are obviously less restrictive. They can do more or less as they please andI think this is the pattern.Matthew: But do you think it helps for people to live together before taking their vows?Geth: I think in a sense the habit of living together before marriage may, ina strange sort of way, make marriage stronger, because after all the peoplewill know each other better when they do get married and it might be suggested that divorce would be less likely between such a couple.Matthew: Sue, you've been married for two or three years now. How's it working out? Sue: I think it's a successful marriage. It's... I mean, it's difficult to say why, because we basically suit each other very much. We have a goodfriendship, apart from anything else, and, you know, we just go together very well because we respect each other's freedom and individuality, but on the other hand we really need each other, you know, it's... Matthew: What about.., have you thought of having children?Sue: Well, obviously, like most young couples, we have thought about it, but, you know, we both feel rather, sort of, loath to lose our freedom just yet.I think we'll probably wait another few years.Matthew: Is it easy in England today to people to get divorced, or is that quite difficult?Chris: I think technically it's probably fairly easy, I think, because I'm not English but, I think technically it's fairly easy to be... to get divorced.But it's not just the technicality of it which is the problem. Divorce is...is a social stigma which people can probably Cope with to varying degrees, but it's also a lot easier for the man because the woman, after she is divorced is, in fact, frowned upon by... by a lot of people in society. She is... is...at a... a much more difficult social position in terms of... of meeting other men, or whatever, simply because she is a divorcee.Task 9【原文】Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in the room.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable — especially if they are your guests. There is a story about a rich nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish oruncomfortable.。
现代大学英语听力原文及答案unit
Unit 9Task 1Compere: And now for our first question. It comes from Mrs. June Moore. Mrs. MooreMrs. Moore: Does the panel think that computers will change our livesCompere: Mrs. Moore wants to know if computers will change our lives. Philip BarnesPhilip Barnes: Computers have already changed our lives. Business is more efficient.Planes and trains provide a better service...Miss Anderson: Just a moment, Mr. Barnes. You may be right about business, but how many people have lost their jobs because of computers Computershave changed our lives, but I don't want my life changed.Arthur Haines: Excuse me, Miss Anderson. We're talking about our lives, not your life.The computer will affect everyone in the world. Records can be keptof everything we do. Records will be kept of all our private lives. Inmy opinion, the computer is the greatest disaster of the 20th century. Phyllis Archer: Could I interrupt Arthur Haines says the computer is a disaster, but the computer is a machine. It was invented by people; it is used by people.If the computer is a disaster, then people are a disaster.Compere: Thank you, Phyllis Archer. Thank you, panel. And thank you, Mrs. Moore.Task 2【答案】A.1) It includes a 9-inch TV screen, a keyboard with 46 numbers and characters on it, a printer, and two disk drives.2) It's all contained right on the floppy disk.3) It’s much better than a typewriter in that one can move words or sentences from place to place or make corrections or changes right on the screen, and never have to erase on paper.4) It can help him make a monthly budget for his household with electronic spreadsheet software.B.1) loads your program into the machine2) typewriter, typewriter,3) turning the computer on and loading a program4) the different things the program can do【原文】Narrator: For Harvey Van Runkle, it was love at first sight, or should we say, love at first byte Really, it is 64,000 bytes—that's the size of the memory on hisnew BANANA-3 personal computer. It all happened by accident. His wife,Charlotte, had sent him out to buy a new toaster, when he found himselfstanding in front of a computer display at the BANANA Computer Store. Salesman: Yes, ladies and gentlemen, this little computer is going to change your lives.Just consider the hardware: You have a 9-inch TV screen. That’s yourvideo display terminal. You have a keyboard with 46 numbers andcharacters on it. You have a printer that will give you paper printouts ofyour work in three colors. You have two disk drives—one inside thecomputer terminal and one outside. This computer can do anything! Nowlet’s have a little demonstration. Who would like to try the newBANANA-3 computer You, sir. You look interested. Step right up and trythe BANANA-3.Harvey: What's a d-disk driveSalesman: That's the part of the computer that loads your program into the machine. Harvey: Oh. What's a programSalesman: The program That's your software. That's the instructions. It's all contained right on this floppy disk here. The instructions on this disk tell thecomputer what to do.Harvey: Oh, you mean like my wife. She always tells me what to do. Salesman: Exactly. Now what type of program would you like I have word processing,I have electronic spreadsheet...Harvey: What's word processingSalesman: Word processing is using the computer like a typewriter. But it's much better than a typewriter. You can move words or sentences from place toplace or make corrections or changes right on the screen. You never haveto erase on paper. It's a wonderful little program! Would you like to try it,Mr...Harvey: Van Runkle. Harvey Van Runkle. I've never used a computer before... Salesman: It's easy. First we start up the machine, and then boot up a program. Harvey: Boot upSalesman: That's computer talk for turning the computer on and loading a program.There. Now we look at the menu.Harvey: Menu But I just had lunch. I'm not hungry.Salesman: No, no. This is a program menu, not a restaurant menu. It shows the different things the program can do. For example, here we have "file". Ifyou select file, you can choose which of your documents you want to workon. And here’s “edit”. This gives you ways to co rrect your document. Harvey: Gee, this is great! There's only one problem.Salesman: What's thatHarvey: I don't have any documents. I'm a plumber.Salesman: But you have bills, don't youHarvey: Yeah, but...Salesman: Well, with our electronic spreadsheet software, you can make a monthlybudget for your household.Harvey: No. My wife, Charlotte, does that.Salesman: Well, now you can do it, Harvey.Harvey: I don't know...Salesman: And you have friends, don't youHarvey: Yeah, well there's my brother-in-law Bob...Salesman: Great! You can write letters to Bob on your new BANANA-3 computer!Harvey: Okay. How much is itSalesman: Never mind. Do you have a credit cardHarvey: Well, sure...Salesman: Great. Joe, get Harvey here signed up, will you He wants a BANANA-3 with a printer and software. Okay, step right up, ladies and gentlemen. Thiscomputer can do anything!Task 3【答案】A.1) They are important because they are able to measure quantities such as electricity and temperature.2) Digital computers.3) Only one person at a time can use them.4) It is because their owners do not spend enough time learning how to operate them efficiently.5) Each person who uses a minicomputer has a computer terminal that is connected to the minicomputer by interface wires. With the help of the operating system, the CPU is able to divide its time and perform for all the users.B.Similarities and Differences between Microcomputers andThere are two primary kinds of computers: analog computers and digital computers. Unless you are a scientist, you probably will not use analog computers. These computers are important because they are able to measure quantities such as electricity and temperature.In contrast, digital computers perform their tasks by counting. Some digital computers are built to help solve only a specific kind of problem. For example, digital computers that monitor airplanes flying in and out of airports are built only for that task. Most digital computers, though, can be used to help solve many kinds of problems. Among them, microcomputers and minicomputers are two kinds of common digital computers.Microcomputers, also called personal computers, are the newest computers. Many are about the size of a very small television set. Some, however, are so small and light that people can carry them easily on business trips. Because computermanufacturers produce an enormous amount of computer hardware, it is possible for anyone to own and use a microcomputer. Therefore, we now see these machines in many homes, schools, and businesses. There is one disadvantage to these computers, though. Only one person at a time can use them. Also, many people who buy microcomputers do not understand what these machines can and cannot do. Some experts say that almost half of all micro-computers are not used often because their owners do not spend enough time learning how to operate them efficiently.Like microcomputers, minicomputers are used in small businesses. However, they are larger than microcomputers and are used more frequently in large offices and businesses than in small businesses. Another difference is that more than one person can use a minicomputer at the same time. We call this time-sharing. Some minicomputers can have more than a hundred people time-sharing them. Each person who uses a minicomputer has a computer terminal that is connected to the minicomputer by interface wires. But even though more than one person can use a minicomputer, the computer has only one CPU. With the help of the operating system, the CPU is able to divide its time and perform for all the users.Task 4【答案】A.1) It wasn't the typical low mechanical voice that sounded like a record being playedat too slow a speed. It sounded natural. It had charm to it.2) Lupa had once heard that even a sophisticated analog computer couldn't pick up certain subtleties in the English language, no matter how good the programming is.3) When Lupa stood up and walked around the room, it was evident to her that somewhere in the building, listening through an intercom was someone with a microphone.B.1) They're running a contest. The kids are supposed to name me. I'm dreading the whole thing, believe me.2) You know something; I thought you'd be different. Just once today I was hoping I'd get someone who wouldn't try to beat the program.3) You wouldn't happen to know what day of the week September the fourteenth, 1321, fell on, would youIt was a Sunday; but how do you know whether I'm right Thank you for visiting the computer exhibit.【原文】Lupa laughed. She liked the voice that had been selected for the computer. It wasn't the typical low mechanical voice that sounded like a record being played at too slow a speed. It sounded natural. It had charm to it."Do you have a name" Lupa asked."Not yet," the computer answered. "They're running a contest. The kids are supposed to name me. I'm dreading the whole thing, believe me."Now Lupa thought this was clever, the way they had programmed the computer. She wondered if there was some way to screw up the program. She had once heard that even a sophisticated analog computer couldn't pick up certain subtleties in the English language, no matter how good the programming is, so she decided to give it a try."My paws give me pause," she said.The computer was silent."My paws give me pause," Lupa repeated. "It's a clause without claws."Lupa waited in silence for a response."You know something," the computer said. "I thought you'd be different. Just once today I was hoping I'd get someone who wouldn't try to beat the program."Lupa smiled. "This was marvelous," she thought to herself. "They'd thought of everything.""Sorry," she said. "Mi dispiace.""Ah, you speak Italian," the computer said with some sarcasm."Qui, d'accord," Lupa answered. "C'est vrai.""And French, too. Your French is better than your Italian. Though neither one is great. Now, if you'll excuse me, I have to shut down. It's closing time."Lupa stood up and walked around the room. It was evident to her that somewhere in the building, listening through an intercom was someone with a microphone. She thought about how to test for this."You wouldn't happen to know what day of the week September the fourteenth, 1321, fell on, would you" Lupa asked."It was a Sunday," the computer answered, "but how do you know whether I'm right Thank you for visiting the computer exhibit."Task 5【答案】A.1) b) 2) c)B.1) F 2) F 3) F 4) THello. I think we can begin now if you're ready. Um, today I want to talk to you about computers, about the impact of computers on how we talk, on the ways we talk. Now of course we all know that computers have changed our lives in many ways. Stop and think for a minute about how we use computers in our everyday life. It's hard to think of anything we do that hasn't been changed by computers. For example, computers allow us to get money directly from our bank accounts at cash machines. At hospitals, computers help doctors understand what is wrong with patients. We can use computers to help us decide which color to paint our houses, which hair styles to have, or which dresses or suits would look good on us--lots of professional and personal uses. Computers are simply a part of our lives, and, I think it is safe to say, they will continue to be. What I'd like to look at today is how the use of computers has had an impact on our language--how computers have changed the expressions we say, the words we use.First, let me give you some examples. These are examples from English that I'd like you to think about. The first example is this. Someone at an office says, "We'd like to have the project online by next Monday." In computer talk "online" means started or working. So this statement means that we'd like to have the project started and going by next Monday.The second example is from a discussion or seminar. Someone might say, "Let'stake this discussion offline until tomorrow." To take a computer "offline" means to disconnect it or take it out of the system. What do you think it means to take a discussion offline To take a discussion "offline" means to stop talking about it. This example means "let's stop discussing this now and talk about it tomorrow."The third example is: "I'll try to interface my plans with yours." To "interface", in computer talk, means to do something so that different computer parts or software can work together. So "I'll try to interface my plans with yours" means that "I'll try to change my plans to fit with yours." People still say, of course, "I'll try to change my plans to fit with yours." But now we might also start to hear people say, "I'll try to interface my plans with yours," or "Let's see if we can interface our schedules so that we can meet next week."Let’s try one more example. Our fourth example might take place at home. Someone says,” I just can’t access where I left my car keys.” In computer talk to “access” something means to make information available. If I can’t access where I left my keys, I don’t have this information available for me to use. What would be another way to say this Of course, we could also say, “I can’t remember where I put my keys.”Task 6【答案】1) Cyber ethics.2) It will focus on teaching educators how to teach their students cyber ethics.3) Because it’s not done verbally so that people can overhear it; they think it’s anonymous on the Internet.4) She was a former principal and an adjunct professor at Marymount University,teaching curriculum development and technology in the classroom.5) Young computer users do not see hacking, e-mail threats, cyber talking, Intellectual Property Rights violations and virus distribution as crimes.6) She said that it is something that needs to be instructed as routine curriculum, and student should know that these behaviors are as unacceptable in cyberspace as in the physical realm.【原文】Although schools are doing a better job at teaching children how to use the Internet, they are not addressing cyber ethics. "Cyber Ethics: Teaching Responsible Use of Technology" will focus on teaching educators how to teach their students cyber ethics. When typical crimes are committed on the Internet, students do not see them as a crime, said Cherie Geide, the conference director."They don't see anything wrong with it because they see it as a prank. It's more unacceptable to do it verbally where people can overhear it. They think it's anonymous on the Internet," said Geide, a former principal and an adjunct professor at Marymount University, teaching curriculum development and technology in the classroom.Geide said young computer users do not see hacking, e-mail threats, cyber talking, Intellectual Property Rights violations, such as in software or music, and virus distribution as crimes."This is something that needs to be instructed as routine curriculum," she said, "that this behavior is as unacceptable in cyberspace as in the physical realm.Task 7【答案】A.1) It's Microsoft's SANTA that the kids can't resist; it's the ultimate software with atraditional twist—recommended by no less than the jolly old elf, and on thepackage, a picture of Santa himself.2) Father did last-minute Internet shopping; Mum and I had just settled down for a long winter’s nap.B.1) not a creature was stirring, except father's mouse. The computer was humming; the icons were hopping2) were hung next to the modem with care in the hope that Santa would bring new software3) were nestled all snug in their beds, with visions of computer games filling their leads4) now had been re-routed to Washington State where Santa's workshop had been moved by Bill Gates5) now finds he's a new billionaire; with a shiny red Porsche in place of his sleigh, and a house on Lake Washington just down the way from where Bill has his mansion; preens in black Gucci boots and red Calvin Klein jeans6) no more dolls or tin soldiers or little toy drams, only compact disk ROMs with the Microsoft label7) a new Christmas star, owned by the Microsoft guy8) turned on with a Jingle-Bells sound, as I sprang from my bed and was turning around9) a smiling Bill Gates next to jolly old Santa, two arm-in-arm matesexclaim in voices so bright, have a Microsoft Christmas, and to all a good night 【原文】It was the night before Christmas, and all through the house not a creature was stirring, except father's mouse. The computer was humming; the icons were hopping, as father did last-minute Internet shopping.The stockings were hung next to the modem with care in the hope that Santa would bring new software. The children were nestled all snug in their beds, with visions of computer games filling their leads.had been re-routed to Washington State where Santa's workshop had been moved by Bill Gates. All the elves and the reindeer had had to skedaddle to flashy new quarters in suburban Seattle.Alter living a life that was simple and spare, Santa now finds he's a new billionaire; with a shiny red Porsche in place of his sleigh, and a house on Lake Washington just down the way from where Bill has his mansion. The old fellow preens in black Gucci boots and red Calvin Klein jeans.No more dolls or tin soldiers or little toy drams will be under the tree, only compact disk ROMs with the Microsoft label. So spin up your drive from now on, Christmas runs only on Windows 95.It's Microsoft's SANTA that the kids can't resist; it's the ultimate software with a traditional twist—recommended by no less than the jolly old elf, and on the package, a picture of Santa himself."Get 'em young, keep 'em long" is Microsoft's theme; and a merger with Santa is a marketer's dream. "To the top of the NASDAQ! To the top of the Dow! Now dash away! Dash away! Dash away—wow!"And Mum in her handkerchief and me in my cap, had just settled down for a long winter's nap. When out on the lawn there arose such a clatter, the whirr and the hum of our satellite platter. As it turned toward that new Christmas star in the sky, the SANTALITE owned by the Microsoft guy. As I sprang from my bed and was turning around, my computer turned on with a Jingle-Bells sound.And there on the screen was a smiling Bill Gates next to jolly old Santa, two arm-in-arm mates. And I heard them exclaim in voices so bright, have a Microsoft Christmas, and to all a good night!Task 8【答案】A.1) You would need a computer because of its "memory" and speed; a computer can consider more factors than a person can.2) The reservation clerk uses a machine to record information about where you wantto go and the flight number of the plane that will take you to your destination.3) The computer not only determines what seats are available at what prices, but it also prints the tickets at the same time.B.1) there is a limit to the number of considerations the human mind can2) analyzing this factor in relation to information about the business that has already been programmed3) in which computers are being4) whether or not there is space for youC. See the last paragraph but one in the script.【原文】Suppose you are a manufacturer of bicycles. You are trying to decide whether or not to build a larger factory or to buy more machines. You could just say to yourself, "Business has been good. We've sold a lot of bicycles recently, so I think we ought to expand our plant."Or you could consider such questions as the following: How much would the changes cost Can the bicycle-riding population be expected to increase or decrease Many such questions would have to be answered, but there is a limit to the number of considerations the human mind can take into account.In a situation like this, you would need a computer. Because of its "memory" and speed, a computer can consider more factors than a person can. Does the bicycle manufacturer wonder how the weather will affect bicycle sales The computer can tell him by analyzing this factor in relation to information about the business that has already been programmed into the computer.This is just one of many situations in which computers are being used today. This new servant of man is only about twenty-five years old, but it has already changed the lives of more than 200 million Americans. Wherever the citizen turns, he finds a computer working.Computers are used when one reserves space on an airplane. Walk into any airline office. Before selling you a ticket, the reservation clerk uses a machine that looks like a typewriter to record information about where you want to go and the flight number of the plane that will take you to your destination. This information is sent instantly to a central computer that may be many kilometers away from the airline office. Within seconds, the computer informs the clerk whether or not there is space for you on that plane.Such reservation systems are now in increasing use. They are also employed by hotels, by com-panics that rent cars, and by offices that sell tickets to theaters and sports events. The computer not only determines what seats are available at what prices, but it also prints the tickets at the same time.When computers are used in the way just described, some part of the system can actually be seen. Usually what one sees is a machine that looks like a typewriter; it is called a computer terminal. But computers are also used in unseen ways. For example,they determine how much time there should be between traffic signals to prevent traffic problems and to keep millions of cars moving in an orderly flow. When you buy an automobile, a factory process that is controlled by a computer enables you to obtain a car with your own choice of colours and special features in just a few weeks' time. In medical laboratories, computers have reduced the errors in testing, and they have saved doctors countless hours of work. Before long, medical histories of all Americans will be kept in computer "banks". If a person becomes ill far from his home, local doctors will be able to get his medical record immediately. In science, the computer has performed in minutes experiments which would have required thousands of hours of work by human hands and minds.The United States is not the only country affected by the "computer revolution". All the major countries of the world have computers, and the developing countries are increasingly aware that computers play a big part in their economic advancement.Task 9【答案】A. 1) a) 2) b) 3) c)B. 1) T 2) F 3) FC.1) potential criminals: Computer crime2) using less obvious and less easily remembered passwords that allow access to3) limit the user's access to information as well as the operations the userD.Courts are being tougher and computer security is improving. Computer security is getting more sophisticated. For example, less obvious passwords are being used, and access-control software and "dial back" systems have been developed. Scrambling devices and audit trails are also available.【原文】Let's talk a little now about what is being done to stop computer crime. First, the courts are getting much tougher on hackers. They are punishing computer criminals more severely. They are trying to send a strong message to potential criminals: Computer crime is serious. If you're caught doing it, you'll be punished. This is seen as a way of preventing hacking.Computer security is getting more sophisticated. It's being improved by using less obvious and less easily remembered passwords that allow access to systems. These passwords should be given to the minimum number of people.Access-control software is becoming more common. This software limits the user's access to information as well as the operations the user can perform. So, for example, access control software might only let users read certain files or programs, but not let them input data, and may keep them out of other files entirely.Then there are "dial back" systems that ask the user or caller for a password. The system then checks the password in a directory and calls the user back at his or her telephone number. This stops hackers who are calling from another number from gaining access to the system.Scrambling devices are also being developed by computer engineers. These devices scramble messages so that hackers can't understand them. Data can be unscrambled and used only if the scrambling key is known by the user. Scrambling is a very effective way of protecting information.Audit trail software is also now available. Audit trails monitor the use of a computer and alert owners to any attempt to enter their computer system. It is usually possible to identify any user who gained access to the system and when the access occurred, makingit possible to trace the hacker.Well, those are some of the major things that are happening at the present time in order to decrease computer crime. None of them is completely satisfactory, but together they are certainly helping. These changes, as well as the improvements that are certain to come, should influence people to stop hacking by making it less profitable and more risky.Task 10【原文】"The astronauts are returning to earth at exactly 5:24. Splashdown will be in the Pacific, 427ciles west of Hawaii."You have often heard announcements like this on television. Scientists can tell us exactly when pace-capsule will arrive on the moon, for instance, and exactly when it will return. They can calculate things like this to the nearest second. How do they do it Well, of course, they use mathematics. We can all do simple sums on paper, but we must use computers for extremely difficult calculations. Perhaps you have seen mechanical calculating machines in banks and offices. Computers aren't mechanical. They don't have wheels and gears in them. Instead, they work on electrical circuits and can do difficult calculations at tremendous speed. They can work 100 million times faster than the human mind!。
外研社现代大学英语听力一(Unit1-2)原文
Unit 11.Okay, okay, let’s begin. Hello, everyone. My name’s Susan Hudson and I’ll be your teacher for this class, Intercultural Communication.Uh, to begin with, please take a look at the syllabus in front of you. As you all should know by now, this class meets on Tuesdays from 3:15 to 4:50. We will be meeting in this room for the first half of the course, but we will be using the research lab every other week on Thursday in Room 405 during the last two months of the class.Uh, this is the text for the class, Beyond Language. Unfortunately, the books haven’t come in yet, but I was told that you should be able to purchase them at the bookstore the day after tomorrow. Again, as you see on your course outline, grading is determined by your performance on a midterm and final test, periodic quizzes, uh, a research project, and classroom participation.My office hours are from 1:00 to 2:00 on Wednesdays, and you can set up an appointment to meet with me at other times as well.2.Librarian: Can I help you?Student: Yes. I am a bit confused. My sociology class is supposed to read a chapter in a book called Sociology and the Modern Age. According to the syllabus,the book is in the library, but I haven’t been able to find it.Librarian: Do you have your syllabus with you? May I see it?Student: Yes, uh...I put it in the front of my sociology notebook. Yes, here it is. Librarian: Let me see. Oh yes. Your professor has placed this book on reserve. That means you cannot find it on the shelves in its usual place. You need to goto a special room called the reserve room. It’s down the hall and to theright.Student: I’m sorry—I still don’t understand what you mea n by on reserve. Librarian: You see, your professor wants everyone in the class to read the chapter. If one student removes the book from the library, it is likely that none of theother students will have the opportunity to read it. So, your professor hasinsured that all students have the opportunity to read it by placing it onreserve.Student: So, will I be able to find this book?Librarian: Yes, when a book is on reserve, a student can go to the reserve room and ask the reserve librarian for the book. The student can have the book for afew hours, and he or she MUST read it in the library during that time. Thatway, the book stays in the library, and all students have a chance to read it. Student: OK. Thank you. I understand now.Librarian: Will there be anything else?Student: No! I am on my way to the reserve room. Thanks again!3.Hello and welcome to the university library. This taped tour will introduce you to our library facilities and operating hours.First of all, the library’s collection of books, reference materials, and otherresources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one houses our humanities and map collections. On level two, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals, and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. You can also find back issues of periodicals and journals older than six months on this level. Finally, group study rooms, our microfilm collection, and the multimedia center are located on level four.Undergraduate students can check out up to five books for two weeks. Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times. There is a 50-cents-a-day late fee for overdue books up to a maximum of $15. Periodicals and reference books cannot be checked out.The library is open weekdays, 8:00 am to 10:00 pm, and on Saturdays from 9:00 am to 8:30 pm. The library is closed on Sundays.4.Randall: Hi Faith. Do you have a minute?Faith: Sure. What’s up?Randall: Well, I just wanted to go over the schedule for Wednesday’s orientation meeting to make sure everything is ready.Faith: Okay. Here’s a copy of the tentative schedule. [Okay.] Now, the registration starts at 8:30 and goes until 9:15. [All right.] Then, the orientation meeting will commence at 9:30.Randall: Okay. Now, we had planned originally for the meeting to go until 10:30, but now we have someone from the international center coming to speak to thestudents on extracurricular activities, so how about ending the meetingaround 11?Faith: Fine. And, uh, then students will take the placement tests from 11:15 until noon [OK.], followed by 20-minute break before lunch. [OK.] And, immediately after lunch, we have reserved a campus shuttle to give students a 45-minute tour starting at 1:30. [Oh. OK.] We want to show students around the university, including the union building, the library, and the student services building.Randall: Great. Now, how about the oral interviews?Faith: Well, we’re planning to start them at 2:15.Randall: Uh, well, teachers are going to be up to their ears in preparations, and they’ll be hard pressed to start then.Faith: Ok, let’s get things rolling around 2:45.Randall: Ok, here, let me jot that down. Uh, could you grab a pen off my desk? Faith: Right. Finding anything on your desk is like finding a needle in a haystack.[Oh, it’s not that bad.] Here, use mine.Randall: OK. And we’ll need 150 copies of this program guide by then.Faith: Hey. That’s a tall order on such short notice! How about lending me a hand to put things together [OK.] by this afternoon so we don’t have to worry about them?Randall: OK. And I think the manager has given the green light to go ahead and use the more expensive paper and binding for the guides this time.Faith: OK. So the interviews will go from 2:45 until, let’s say, 4:30. [OK.] I hopewe can wrap things up by 5.Randall: Great. I think the bottom line is to keep things running smoothly throughout the day.Faith: I agree. I’ll pass this schedule by the director for a final look5.Receptionist: Good morning. Can I help you?Student: Yes, please. I would want to have some information about the…erm…the courses at Swan School.Recep tionist: Is that a summer course you’re interested in?Student: Yes. Yes, please.Receptionist: Yes. Fine. OK. Well, we have…erm…short intensive full-time courses during the summer.Student: Mm-mm. I would want to know the length of one course. Receptionist: Yes. Each course lasts for three weeks.Student: How many hours per week, please?Receptionist: Well, it’s about 23 hours a week. Usually four and a half days each week.Student: You must have a lot of students in the c lass, haven’t you? Receptionist: We have a lot of students in the school but in the classes only about between 12 and 14 students.Student: 12 and 14. Could you please give me the dates of the first and the second course?Receptionist: Yes, certainly. The first course begins on the 3rd of July and lasts until the 20th of July and the second course is from the24th of July until the 10th of August.Student: What about the fees per course?Receptionist: Yes, each…each course costs £150 plus V AT, which is 15 percent, anda £5 registration fee.Student: And deposit, please?Receptionist: Yes. For each course we need a deposit of £20 and the £5 registration fee.Student: Oh thank you. Do we have to find our…our own accommodation? Receptionist: No, we can do that for you. We have a lady who arranges the accommodation for you with Oxford families.Student: How much does it cost?Receptionist: Well, you can choose to have bed and break fast only which is £20 a week, or bed, breakfast and dinner which is about £27 a week.Student: £27. Thank you very much.Receptionist: You’re welcome.6.Every year, high school juniors and seniors from across the US take the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT 1).The SAT 1 is a three-hour exam that tests students’ math and verbal skills. Most universities will not accept students without this test. It is also used to help decide how much financial aid should be given to each student.Scores range from 200 to 800 for each part. There is a total of 1,600 points. Thetest is held every year from October to June. But seniors must take it before December in order to include their scores in their university applications. The average total score for an American high school student is around 1,000.A poor SAT score can prevent a student from going to a good university. Students who want to go to one of America’s best universities, such as Harvard or Yale, must score between 1,430 and 1,600.The test can be taken over and over again, but all the scores will appear on the students’ records. However, unlike Chinese universities, the score is not the only thing needed. American universities also look at a student’s subject gra des, what they do outside of school, and their teachers’ recommendations.In addition to the SAT 1, some universities require high school students to take at least three SAT IIs. These one-hour exams can be taken in any subject, for example chemistry or French.7.Japanese students need 12 years of study before entering universities.They choose the places they want to go and apply before January of their final year. The university entrance exam is a standard nationwide test held every year in January. It provides tests for 31 subjects in six subject areas: Japanese language, geography and history, civics, math, science and a foreign language. All national and public universities, as well as some private ones make use of this exam. But many places also have their own tests in February or later, before the new school year starts in April.In order to pass the exam for the best universities such as the National University of Tokyo, many students attend special preparation schools on top of their regular classes. These extra schools can last for one to two years between high school and university.Although every student has the chance of going to a Japanese university, only 50 percent of high school seniors actually choose further study.8.The School was opened in 1955 and is part of a non-profit-making educational foundation. Its 200 students, from 30-40 countries, work in large, attractive buildings set in extensive, beautiful gardens, within easy reach of the centre of Cambridge, The School has dining rooms, a library, video filming studio, language laboratories, listening and self-access study centres, computers, as well as facilities for tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, badminton and football.General English classes are for students aged 17+. Complete beginners are not accepted. Students have classes for 21 hours a week. Other subjects available within the General English timetable include English for Business and English Literature. The cost of tuition, materials and books per term is £1,130. Accommodation is with local families. Lunch is provided in the School Monday to Friday. All other meals are taken with the family. There is a full range of social activities including excursions, discos and theatre-visits. The total cost of all non-tuition services is £670 per term. There are 3 terms of 10 weeks and summer courses of 9 weeks and 3 1/2 weeks.9.This school has a capacity of 220 students. It occupies a 19th century building in a quiet tree- filled square close to Victoria Station in central London.General courses, either in the mornings or afternoons, comprise 15 50-minuteperiods per week. We cater for a wide range of classes from beginners to advanced, enabling us to place students at the level indicated by the special entry test which all students take. There are usually no more than 14 students in a class. In addition to the 15 lessons, there are daily individual laboratory sessions and lectures on life in Britain at no extra costThere are 8 classrooms, a multi-media learning centre, language laboratory, video, computer, lecture hall, canteen. We are open from January to December for courses of 3 to 14 weeks. There is a special 2-week Easter Course and Refresher Courses for overseas teachers of English in summer. Fees are approximately£46 per week for general courses. Accommodation can be arranged with selected families with half board. There is a full social programme and regular excursions.10.This school, founded in 1953, is a non-profit making Charitable Trust. Situated in residential North Oxford, 3 km from the city centre, the College occupies a complex of purpose-built blocks and 14 large Victorian houses providing academic and residential accommodation. Facilities include an excellent library, video room, language laboratories, computer room, science laboratories, assembly hall and coffee bar.A particular benefit for the EFL student is the opportunity to live and study with native English speakers taking the two-year International Baccalaureate course, or courses at university level.All students are encouraged to participate in social and extracurricular activities including sports, horse riding, drama, art, crafts, photography, films, concerts and excursions.Academic Year Courses (21 hours per week) leading to all principal EFL examinations, concentrate on language with selected studies in Literature, Politics, History, Art History, and Computing. Most students live in college houses each supervised by a resident warden, but some prefer family accommodation.Unit 21. 1) They live in Africa and India. They have four legs and a tail. They are very big and very strong. They are intelligent, too. They have a trunk and some of them have tusks. They sometimes live for 70 years.2) They live in Africa and Asia. They are brown. They have arms and legs, but they don’t have a tail. Their arms are very long and they have big ears. They are good climbers. They are very intelligent, too.3) They live in Africa. They are very tall. They have four legs, a tail and a very long neck. They eat leaves and twigs. They can run very fast. They are brown and white.4) They live in very cold countries. They have wings, but they can’t fly. They are good swimmers. They eat fish. They are blue and white or black and white.5) They live in Australia. They are red or gray. They have short front legs, long back legs and a very long tail. The back legs and the tail are very strong. They can run very fast. The females carry their young in a pouch.6) They live in Africa. They have four legs and a tail. They have a beautiful coat withblack and white or brown and white stripes. They eat grass and plants.7) They live in very cold countries. They have four legs. They are very big and very strong. They have a white coat. They can swim. They eat seals and fish.2. The fastest animal on land is the cheetah. It can run at a speed of about 100 kilometres an hour. The fastest bird in the world can fly at 170 km/h, and the fastest fish can swim at more than 100 km/h.Human beings are not very fast. The fastest man in the world can only run at about 40 km/h.Many animals can run faster than this. But most animals run on four legs. Four legs are better than two, aren’t they? Why do we onl y have two legs?Scientists say that we are more intelligent than other animals because we stand on two legs, so we can use our hands for other things. We can pick things up with them. We can use tools. Human beings have used tools for millions of years. That is why our brains have developed. That is why we have become the most intelligent animals in the world.In the past few years, we have made all kinds of machines. We have made cars, ships, aeroplanes and spacecraft. In these machines we can travel faster than any animal—by land, by sea, or by air. We can even go to the moon. No other animal has ever done that!3. A: You know, we’re studying dinosaurs in science class.It’s really interesting.B: Oh, yeah? Hey, have you learned why the dinosaurs disappeared?A: Well, no one knows for sure.B: I thought it had something to do with the climate. The temperature might have gotten cooler and killed them off.A: Yeah, that’s one theory. Another idea is that they may have run out of food.B: Uh-huh. And you know, there’s even a theory that they could have been destroyed by aliens from outer space.A: That sounds crazy to me!4. For the shortest life, the first prize must go to the mayfly, which typically lives only a matter of a few hours after it emerges from its shell. Few mayflies live to see the sun rise again. These creatures devote their whole lives to a single desperate mission: finding a mate and producing young. They don’t even have functional mouths and stomachs. They simply have no time to eat. In fact they have no time for anything else.The record-holder for the longest life may be the Arctic clam, one of which lived quietly underwater for 220 years. However it did not have any birth certificate to prove this. One could only judge by its growth rings.If you insist on better documentation, the oldest animal ever was probably a tortoise that died in 1918. It had been captured already full-grown in 1766, nine years before the American Revolution began and it died 152 years later as World War I came to a close5. Every year about 17 million animals are used in Laboratory experiments. But in many countries today, a difficult question is being asked: Do we have the right to use animals in this way?People who are for using animals in research argue that the use of animals in medical research has many practical benefits. Animal research has enabled researchers to develop treatments for many diseases, such as heart disease and depression. It would not have been possible to develop vaccines for diseases like smallpox and polio without animal research. Every drug anyone takes today was tried first on animals.Future medical research is dependent on the use of animals. Which is more important: the life of a rat or that of a three-year-old child?Medical research is also an excellent way of using unwanted animals. Last year, over 12 million animals had to be killed in animal shelters because no one wanted them as pets.However those who are against it point out that the fact that humans benefit cannot be used to justify using animals in research any more than it can be used to justify experimenting on other humans. Animals suffer a lot during these experiments. They are forced to live in small cages, and they may be unable to move.Much of the research that is carried out is unnecessary anyway.Animals have the same rights as humans do— to be able to move freely and not to have pain or fear forced on them. Researchers must find other ways of doing their research, using cell culture and computer modeling. There should be no animals in research laboratories at all.6. Visitors to the National Zoo in Washington D. C. can see three new young tigers. The rare babies met the public for the first time late last month. Chip O’Neal tells us about them.The mother tiger sat nearby on the grass as her babies rolled, chased and bit each other playfully. Then Korenchy also jumped into the games. Her cubs were born at the zoo four months ago. They are called Mike, Eric and Chrisy. The new young tigers at the National Zoo each weigh about 13 kilograms. Their fur is dark orange with black stripes. They eat horse meat and drink milk from Korenchy.Korenchy and her babies are Sumatran tigers. Sumatran tigers came from the Indonesian island of Sumatra. They are now in danger of disappearing from the earth. Fewer than 500 of these tigers remain in the world. That includes about 60 living in zoos in North America.Korenchy came to the National Zoo from the Jakarta Zoo in Indonesia. The girl was part of the Sumatran Tiger Species Survival Program. Korenchy has given birth to live cubs three tines. The father of her new cubs is Rokan, a Sumatran tiger who arrived two years ago from another zoo. Korenchy and Rokan had their babies the natural way instead of the scientific method often used to produce young animals in zoos.A wire fence separates Rokan from his babies. Zoo workers who care for Rokan say he reaches through the fence to wash the cubs with his tongue. They say this means he recognizes Mike, Eric and Chrisy as his cubs. However, zoo officials are hoping that Rokan will produce more cubs with another female Sumatran tiger at the zoo, so they do not want him to become too interested in this family.The National Zoo hopes to keep the Sumatran tiger cubs for at least 18 months beforesending them to other zoos. That is about the age when most tiger cubs in the wild leave their mothers. The National Zoo has placed cameras in the Sumatran tigers’ living area, so people with computers can see them. To do this, use your computer to find the National Zoo’s Website at www. /natzoo.7. An old expression says, “Man’s best friend is his dog.” Today, however, it seems that cats have replaced dogs as the most popular pets in American homes.Americans have more than 62 million pet dogs. But even more cats— more than 64 million — live in American homes.These pet cats may have long hair or short hair. They are different colors and sizes. Some are costly animals that take part in competitions. Many more are common American mixtures of several kinds of cats.Most house cats live a good life. They are not expected to work for their food. Instead, they rule their homes like furry kings and queens. They wait for their owners to serve them.Americans are increasingly serious about their cats. These concerns have made the care of cats into big business.Each year, cat owners buy tons of food especially prepared for cats. They buy toys and other equipment. They buy jewelry and clothes for themselves with images of cats on them. Some owners even bury their dead pets in special burial grounds.Humans have loved and respected cats for centuries. Scientists have evidence that cats and people lived together as long as 8000 years ago. The small house cat was once a highly honored animal. In ancient Egypt, for example, people who killed a cat could be punished by death.Early in American history cats were not treated as gods, however. They probably arrived in the United States with settlers and traders from Europe. These cats worked. They killed rats and mice.Sometimes, Americans mistreated their cats. During the early days of the nation, religious extremists believed that some cats were working for the devil. Black cats were especially suspected of being evil.Later, American families who had enough food began taking cats into their homes. People cared for the cats because the animals gave them pleasure. The cats thanked people for feeding them by making a purring sound. This pleasant noise usually means a cat is happy.Animal experts offer several reasons why cats have become so popular as house pets. They say cats need less care than dogs. And cats do not seem to suffer as much as dogs from being alone if the owners are away.Still, millions of other people do not like cats at all. They say dogs are better and more loving pets. They say cats do not have much feeling. They believe cats stay with people only to be fed. Cat owners defend their pets against such criticism. They say cats are just much more independent than dogs.A student of animal medicine explains the situation this way: dogs follow you around — they want you to talk to them and play with them a lot of the time. Cats like more space and more privacy — this does not mean they do not love their owners.。
现代大学英语听力2听力原文及题目答案Unit
Harry: Maybe not; but you'll learn to care about the money too, when you've got a family to keep.
In the station she went to one of the automatic ticket machines but she didn't have enoughchange, so she had to join the queue at the ticket window. She bought her ticket and ran to theescalator. Laura went to the platform and waited for the tube. It arrived and the crowd moved forward.
Nora: Now ifI were a man I'd be a farmer. To see the crops growing--that's my idea of a goodlife.
Harry: Yes, and to see the money rolling in is more important still.
Ihad two months until my new job began.It was like waiting an entire summer for school to start.Ispent those two months talking to figure skating coaches and judges.Iread boring rule books.Idrove to the rinks where the skaters trained, and made notes about our conversations.Ieven took a lesson, which made some of the skaters laugh.
最新《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及题目答案Unit--9资料
Unit 9Task 1【答案】1) the campus hero; the women’s track coach2) the class started before I got here3) will develop4) cloudy; the glass is a little dirty5) a symbol of happiness; wear black【原文】1) Man: I had the girls running in circles when I was in college.Woman: I never knew you were the campus hero.Man: I wasn't. I was the women's track coach.2) Instructor: Mr. Jenkins, why are you late?Student: I guess because the class started before I got here.3) Woman: Doctor, you have to come immediately--my baby swallowed some camera film!Doctor: Just calm yourself, nothing will develop.4) Customer: Waiter, this water is cloudy.Waiter: The water's okay, madam. It's just that the glass is a little dirty.5) Woman: The bride wears white on her wedding day as a symbol of happiness, for this is themost joyous day in her entire life.Man: Why does the groom wear black?Task 2【答案】【原文】Catherine: I think firstly I find the French language, very melodic to listen to. It's very easy on the ear, and it almost sounds poetic. No matter what kind of mood the individual is in,who's talking, or what they're talking about, there seems to be a rhythm to the language.And it's rounded; there are no sharp, jagged edges to the language, so it's very pleasingto the ear.Chris: I think the accent I really like is the Dane speaking English. They sound awful when they speak Danish, but when they speak English there's a beautiful, low, sensitive, verysoft quality about it.Donald: I like the way they bring their French pronunciation into English. They can't pronounce "h"s and they can't pronounce "th" properly. And I think that actually sounds very nice.Also I like the rhythm: they bring French rhythms into English--nice, steady rhythmsand I like that too. It's just it, it... whenever I hear a French person speaking English itsounds more gentle and more lyrical.Lesley: I think the most attractive foreign accents for me are Mediterranean accents because they, if you like, import their own culture into the English accent and give it a lot of life that sometimes, that kind of--the gestures and everything that the English people don't have, so you get a beautiful mixture of the serious Northern European and the Southern European together.Susan: I like the Swedish accent because it, it makes me smile and the way it's spoken is so sing-songy that you can't help but smile when other people actually speak it. And it always makes you want to try and put the accent on yourself.Task 3【答案】spelling; meaning; history; a slab of ham; a lump of bread; hunk of something to eat; a strong man;a book of maps; the top bone of the neck; Olympians; holding the sky on his head and hands; Sixteenth; on the cover of a book of maps; blessing; I hope you will have a good night; day’s eye; it has a little golden eye, like a tiny sun; the English daisy closes at night; the English loved their daisies.【原文】The spelling and meaning of words are very interesting. But what's more interesting is the history of a word, or where it came from. Let's examine some of the words and see how they got into our language.LUNCH Lunch perhaps comes from an old Spanish word lonje, a slab of ham. We may also get our word from a form of lump, maybe a lump of bread, but whether lunch comes from ham or bread, it meant a hunk of something to eat.ATLAS An atlas is a strong man, and also a book of maps. The story of this word begins a long time ago in Greece. The ancient Greeks believed that their gods had once been a race of giants called Titans. The Titans fought with another group of gods called Olympians, and the Olympians won. Atlas was a Titan. He was punished for fighting by having to stand at the western edge of the world, holding the sky on his head and hands, so that it would not fall on the world and smash anything.After the ancient Greek religion died out, the idea of Atlas changed. From holding up the sky with his head and hands, he came to be thought of as holding the world on his shoulders. Mercator, a mapmaker of the sixteenth century, used a picture of Atlas on the cover of a book of maps, so a book of maps came to be called an atlas.The word has still another meaning. The top bone of the neck is called atlas because it supports the head.GOOD-BYE Good-bye is a blessing; originally it was God be with ye, and in the course of time it became one word. Many of our greetings are good wishes, but we say them with so little thought that we forget this. When we say good morning, good evening, good night, and so on, what we are really saying is, "I hope you will have a good morning (or evening, or night)."DAISY The daisy has a little golden eye, like a tiny sun. Perhaps this is the reason the English people named it day's eye, or perhaps they chose the name because the English daisy closes at night. The English loved their daisies, which were pink and red, as well as white. Six hundred years or so ago, the English poet Chaucer said:The daisy, or else the eye of the day,The queen, and prettiest flower of all.Task 4【答案】A.1) T2) T3) F4) T5) FB.1) b2) c3) a4) c5) c6) b【原文】MATTHEW: Chris, why is it that there are so many different languages , and that in Europe certainly if you travel more than a hundred miles , you're likely to find peoplespeaking a completely different language to your own?CHRIS: Well, it's true to say that there are er ... hundreds and hundreds of different languages.It's perhaps um . . . however , more interesting and more informative to say that thereare several different groups of languages er . .. Most European languages,with theexception of I think Finnish and er .. . Basque and . . . Hungarian I believe,belong tothe Indo-European group of languages, I'm not very sure myself of the . . . the actualdetails of the history of these languages, but you can be very sure that er ... most ofthese languages , say Latin and Greek nd our own language a and er . . . German ander ... French and ... all the others, are connected. The reason why you can travel fromone Willage to another in Switzerland and er . . . from one area to another in Englandand find different dialects, if not different languages spoken, is that um ... severalhundred years ago communication was by word of mouth. Word of mouth meant thatpeople had to move ; if people were to move they needed roads and there were noroads.MATTHEW: Do you see any chance for a universal language like Esperanto?CHRIS: Not for an artificial er ... language, no ... I suppose the Roman Catholic Church usedLatin. but Latin had a ... a particular religious basis and this is probably why it wastherefore chosen. I don't see very much chance for Esperanto; I think it's an awfullygood idea but I don't believe that language works like that.I think people willprobably er .. . work towards the most convenient language to use.They will not setout to learn a new language. It seems to me that er ... either English,. Russian orChinese, perhaps Japanese, will be the language of the future er . . . My bet's onEnglish.MATTHEW: Maggie, why do you think it is that so few English people speak a second language? MAGGIE: I think when you learn a language at school ...it tends to be rather a dead occupation, and it's very difficult to stimulate any interest among school children. But when youactually go to the country and spend say a month in . . . in an exchange visit whenyou're a schoolgirl, or a schoolboy um ... then you suddenly become more interestedbecause you ... you want to communicate with poeple when you're actually abroad,and it's not safe to rely on the fact that most people speak English when um . . . inforeign countries. Mm . . . I think English people traditionally thought that . . . thatforeigners always spoke English, and a lot of foreigners do, but there are people thatyou meet in the street or you want to take a bus somewhere, then you find that youneed to speak the language and'it's very unnerving to be in a situation where you can'tcommunicate with people when you do want to travel around.MATTHEW: Have you ever been abroad and learnt er ... a language in the country? MAGGIE: Yes , well when I was a secretary I er... went and lived in Geneva for two years, andI learnt French at school but I . . . I really didn't speak it at all. I knew it theoreticallybut I wasn't able to communicate with people. But I was in a situation where if I didn'tspeak French , then I would not have been able to do my shopping and buyfood ,and so I picked the language up and I made friends with French people ... SwissFrench people, and I found that if I wanted to communicate with all . . . all the peoplethat I met , then I had to learn French, and I think it's the best method of learningbecause you're in the situation. It's very hard at times —you can sit through dinnerparties and not understand what ... what's going on and you think everybody thinksyou're stupid because you can't communicate with them, but it's ... it's the hard waybut I think it's the best way to learn.MATTHEW: Elfriede, you come from Austria and yet you've been living in England now for the last three years. Has having to learn and speak another language created greatproblems?ELFRIEDE: Um ... At the beginning, yes, it was rather difficult for me to get the right job . . .um. after you've lived here for one or two years you get to know the system and thenthat's quite good. You know how to use libraries and oh .. . you get to know where toum... call in emergencies; um ... you get to know ... er ...trying to get a radio andunderstand the radio and all the . . . programmes they have . . . um and when they'reon and the little stories.MATTHEW: What about English humour on the radio?ELFRIEDE: Um . . . I think that takes a very very long time to understand and I'm sorry to say that I haven't managed yet to understand it completely, but er... I find it veryinteresting to speak other languages um ... because English people have differenter ...have a different mentality, and have a very different character and a differenttemperament and it is fascinating for me to talk to them um... and also for myself tobe able to express myself in a different language and to communicate with them.Task 5【答案】1) A mother is leaving instructions with her babysitter before going out.2) Wake up; give her the dummy; give her a cuddle; sing to her; read her a story; go back to sleep.3) Two friends are taking about their holiday together.4) It reminds.., of... holiday; city; wine; good food; tower; view; walking along the river; paintings;I love...; I like...; I remember...5) Two women are meeting at a doctor’s waiting room.6) It's diagnosed; have another look; do something about...; go away; give.., for...; it's your turn. 【原文】Number 1Fiona: Okay, Deek, I'm off now. [Okay.] Everything's okay, is it?Deek: Yes, I think so. The only thing is... is she likely to wake up?Fiona: No, I don't think so. She doesn't usually, but...Deek: What if she does?Fiona: Well, yes. Don't. worry about it. Her dummy's by the bed, so if you just pick her up, give her the dummy, give her a little bit of a cuddle; [Yes.] sing to her if you like.Deek: Shall I read her a story or something?Fiona: Yes, anything like that. [Yes.] Then she should just go back to sleep again quite happily. Deek: Okay.Fiona: Oh! And I've left stuff for you in the fridge. There's some salad and cold chicken and some beer as well. Okay then?Deek: Right then. Bye.Fiona: Bye-bye.Number 2Lesley: Ah ... it's such a lovely day. It reminds me of last week, doesn't it you?Fiona: Oh don't! I mean that was just so fantastic, that holiday!Lesley: I love that city, you know.Fiona: I do too. Really, it's got something about it, a certain sort of charm ...Lesley: Mm, and all that wine and good food ...Fiona: And so cheap. Right, I mean, compared to here ...Lesley: Yes, although the shops are expensive.Fiona: Mm, yes.Lesley: I mean, really I bought nothing at all. I just ate and ate and drank and drank.Fiona: I know. Wasn't that lovely?Lesley: Yes, and I, I go there. I like listening to the people talking, sitting outside drinking wine. Fiona: Yes. Could you understand what they were saying? When they were speaking quickly, I mean.Lesley: Well, it is difficult, of course. And then I liked that tower, too.Fiona: You liked that tower? I'm not sure about it, really. (No) It's very unusual, right in the centre of the city.Lesley: True, but there's a lovely view from the top.Fiona: Oh, you went right up, didn't you? (Mm, yes) Oh no, I didn't.Lesley: Of course you didn't.Fiona: I remember that day. We weren't together.Lesley: No, that's right. (Mm) You went down by the river, didn't you?Fiona: That's it. Oh, walking along the river and all the couples (Yes) and it's so romantic ... (Is it true) and the paintings too ...Lesley: They do have artists down by the river, do they? (Yes) Oh, how lovely!Fiona: Oh, it really is super.Lesley: Yes. Oh, I think we ought to go back there again next year, don't you?Fiona: I do, yes. (Mm) If only just to sample some more of the wine.Lesley: It'd be lovely, wouldn't it?Fiona: Yes.Number 3Mary: I'm so pleased. What about you then?Jane: Well, he said he wanted to have another look at it.Mary: Yes. What are they doing about it?Jane: Well, I don't think they're going to do anything really. It just sometimes goes away [Well, can't...] something like that.Mary: Well, can't they give you anything for it?Jane: Well, no, they didn't say the9 could. [Really?] No, just got to be patient and wait for it to go away.Mary: Well, that seems a bit stupid, doesn't it?Jane: Yes, it does.Mary: You'd have thought.., you'd have thought they'd have thought of something.Jane: Yes. Ooh it's your mm.Mary: Yes. Certainly.Jane: Good luck!Mary: Thank you!Task 6【答案】A.1) c2) a3) b4) cB.1) T2) F3) F4) T5) F6) T【原文】Learning to SpeakIt is, everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though they word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their voices. This self imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.It is a problem we need not get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation; and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at say seven months, of "mama" as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply Because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes.Playful and apparently meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however, whether anything is gained when parents cash in on this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.Task 7【答案】Topic: Body language1. Brief introduction"statements"; non-verbal communication; small facial expressions, hand gestures and body movements that we make to express our feelings2.Detailed introductionour facial expressions and gestures are automatic and unconscious most of the time; we paid conscious attention to the hidden messages in body language; facial; body2.1 facial expressionsEyes, eyebrows, lips and facial muscles: capable of “saying” things.Hand or sign language: highly developed, especially by the deaf.bring our finger to our lips; scratch or rub our heads; slap our heads; take our head in both hands to sort of clear our minds3. ConclusionA sampling of; we pull an ear; we cross our legs; who don't communicate with body language; writers; frowns, scratches his chin, slaps his head, purses his lips, stares at the ceiling and throws up his arms.【原文】Let's talk about body language. You already "speak" it and "read" it. Body language is all of the small facial expressions, hand gestures and body movements that we make. We may not realize it, but each movement and expression says something about our feelings.In fact, we might say that body language is the clearest and most common way Of communicating our feelings directly to others. We all know the most obvious body "statements": We wave our hands in greeting, we shake hands, pat each other on the back, we hug friends and kiss loved ones. We smile, we laugh, we wink and we frown, and sometimes we cry. All of these gestures are called non-verbal communication (non-verbal means we do not use words to "say" what we feel.)Normally, we don't think very much about our body language. Our facial expressions and gestures are automatic and unconscious most of the time. But researchers tell us we might learn to under-stand each other a little better if we paid conscious attention to the hidden messages in body language. Let's consider a few of the more obvious facial, hand and body gestures.The human face is wonderfully rich in its ability to express feelings. The eyes, the eyebrows, the lips and the facial muscles are all capable of "saying" things.For example, we speak of "wide-eyed wonder". If the eyes open wide, that may mean surprise, wonder, excitement or sometimes fear. And that is an important thing to remember about body language--one element alone does not tell us everything. We have to see gestures in Combination. So wide eyes alone would not tell us whether the person was surprised, pleased or scared, but when we see wide eyes, a little smile and a slight tilt of the head, we understand that the person is "wonderfully pleased"."Squinty" eyes, tight lips, and the head pushed forward probably suggest anger or hostility.Half-closed eyes may suggest fatigue, boredom or indifference. But add a lowered tilt of the head, a fluttering of the eyelids and a slight smile, and we get a coy and flirtatious message.Strangely enough, one of the eye features over which we have very little control--the size of our pupils--says something about our interest in a subject. If we like something, our pupils get larger. Studies show that most men think a woman with large pupils is more "attractive" than the same woman with small pupils. But the men aren't really conscious of the pupils. They just know they like the "looks" better in the samples with large pupils. No wonder eye make-up is so popular.Eyebrows are almost like signal flags: one brow up, one down suggests doubt, disbelief or uncertainty. Both up means surprise or mistrust. Squeeze them together and we get a frown or scowl.The lips shape non-verbal as well as verbal messages. The smile is the most obvious, but try baring the teeth just on one side or pull the lips tightly across the teeth and the smile becomes a snarl and a threat. In this, and in many of our other body gestures, we are close to the animals.The lower lip by itself can say little things. The "pout" is a fat lower lip pushed way out. It means "I'm not happy because I'm not getting what I want." But if we tuck the lower lip into our mouth and bite it, we are conveying anxiety and fear. Licking the lips is a "dry mouth" gesturewhich usually means stress or anxiety.There are whole books written on hand gestures, and, in fact, hand or sign language has often been highly developed, especially as an aid to the deaf. But the routine hand language, such as pointing with the index finger to accuse someone, or the clenched fist beating in the air to threaten someone, is familiar to us all. But a clenched fist held close to the body usually means tension or anxiety while the open hands, palms up may mean "I'm innocent" or "give me" or "forgive me".Both hands raised up and facing the audience means "I give up" or "I surrender". But tilt the hands and palm down and extend the arm and it means "I bless" or "I give". The "pat on the head" is a kind of blessing or gesture of love and giving. We clap hands to indicate approval or in some cases to call someone or get attention.When the hands get very busy we say that someone "talks with his hands" and among certain individuals and cultures it is almost impossible to talk without a wild display of hand motions.If we are slightly puzzled by something, we may bring our finger to our lips. If it's a real puzzler, we scratch or rub our heads. If we do something wrong, we slap our heads. To start allover something, we often begin by taking our head in both hands to sort of clear our minds and "set our head on straight".These are only a sampling of the many types of body language. There are books which discuss everything from the way we pull an ear to the way we cross our legs. From the looks of things, the only people who don't communicate with body language are the writers. Readers never get to see how often the writer frowns, scratches his chin, slaps his head, purses his lips, stares at the ceiling and throws up his arms.Task 8In contemporary English, there are many reported differences in the talk of males and females . In same gender pairs having conversations, women generally discuss their personal feelings more than men . Men appear to prefer non-personal topics such as sport and news . Men tend to respond to mention personal experiences that match or connect with the other woman’s . There is a pattern documented in the American English social context of women cooperating and seeking connection via language, whereas men are more competitive and concerned with power via language . In mixed-gender pairs having conversations, the rate of men interrupting women is substantially greater than he reverse. Women are reported to use more expressions associated with tentativeness , such as “hedges”(sort of , kind of ) and “tags”(isn’t it ? , don’t you ?) , when expressing an opinion : Well ,erm , I think that golf is kind of boring , don’t you ?。
现代大学英语听力unit1--unit2(全)
Unit 1Task 1:【答案】A.Event Year Kenny G was born. 1956He toured Europe with his High School band. 1971He made his first solo album. 1982He won released his most successful album. 1993He won the Best Artist Award. 1994He broke the world record for playing a single note. 1997B.1) F2) F3) T【原文】Saxophonist Kenny G is now the world's most successful jazz musician. He was born in 1956 as Kenny Gorelick in Seattle, USA, and he learned to play the saxophone at an early age. When he was just 15 years old, he toured Europe with his High School band. After studying at Washington University he started his career as a musician. In 1982 he signed for Arista Records and made his first solo album Kenny G.Success came slowly at first, but during the 1990s Kenny became well-known on the international scene. He released Breathless, his most successful album so far in 1993, and in 1994 won the Best Artist Award at the 21st American Music Awards held in Los Angeles.As well as making records, he also found time to play in front of another famous saxophone player—US President Bill Clinton—at the "Gala for the President" concert in Washington, and to break the world record for playing a single note (45 minutes and 47 seconds!) at the J & R Music World Store in New York in 1997.During the last 20 years, Kenny G has played with superstars like Aretha Franklin, Michael Bolton and Whitney Houston, and he has sold more than 36 million albums worldwide... and he hasn't sung a note!Task 2:【答案】1) c2) d3) c【原文】Senn: Everybody always has this misconception that female policemen don't do the same thing as men do, you know. I've worked..Interviewer: That's not true?Senn: That is not true! I've worked my share of graveyard shifts, and, you know, split shifts, and double-back and no days off, and...Interviewer: Uh-huh...Senn: ...as much as the next guy. There's no distinction used if there's a male or female officer on duty. Two men on duty—I'll refer to as two men, ‟cause in myfield there's no difference between the genders. We're still the same. Okay, if there'stwo men on duty—just because one's a female, she still gets in on the same type ofcall. If there's a bar disturbance downtown, then we go too. There's been manytimes where being the only officer on duty—that's it! It‟s just me and whoeverelse is on duty in the county. They can come back me up if I need assistance. And itdoes get a little hairy. You go in there, and you have these great big, hugemonster-guys, and they're just drunker than skunks, and can't see three feet in frontof them. And when they see you, they see fifteen people, and you know... But still,there's enough...Interviewer: That's where the uniform is important, I should imagine.Senn: Sometimes, you kno w. If somebody is going to…or has a bad day, and they are out to get a cop, you know, it doesn't matter if you're, you know, boy, girl,infant or anything! When you've got that cop uniform on, they'll still take it out onyou.Interviewer: Yeah...Senn: But I think there's one advantage to being a female police officer. And that is the fact that most men still have a little respect, and they won't smack you as easy as theywould one of the guys.Interviewer: Uh-huh...Senn: But I'll tell you o ne thing I‟ve learned—I'd rather deal with ten drunk men that one drunk woman any day of the week!Interviewer: Well, why is that?Senn: Because women are so unpredictable. You cannot ever predict what a woman's going to do.Interviewer: Hmm...Senn: Especially, if she's agitated, you know.Interviewer: Emotionally upset.Senn: Yeah. I saw a lady one time just get mad at the guy she was withbecause he wouldn't buy her another drink— take off her high heel and layhis head wide open. Yuch! Oh, they can be so vicious, you know.Task 3:【答案】1) d2) b3) b4) b【原文】You are watching a film in which two men are having a fight. They hit one another hard. At the start they only fight with their fists. But soon they begin hitting one another over the headswith chairs. And so it goes on until one of the men crashes through a window—and falls thirty feet to the ground below. He is dead!Of course he isn't really dead. With any luck he isn't even hurt. Why? Because the men who fall out of high windows or jump from fast-moving trains, who crash cars of even catch fire, are professionals. They do this for a living. These men are called “stunt men”. That is to say, they perform “tricks”.There are two sides to their work. They actually do most of the things you see on the screen. For example, they fall from a high building. However, they do not fall on to hard ground but on to empty cardboard boxes covered with a mattress. Again, when they hit one another with chairs, the chairs are made of soft wood and when they crash through windows, the glass is made of sugar!But although their work depends on trick of this sort, it also requires a high degree of skill and training. Often a stunt man‟s success depends on careful timing. For example, w hen he is "blown up" in a battle scene, he has to jump out of the way of the explosion just at the right moment.Naturally stuntmen are well-paid for their work, but they lead dangerous lives. They often get seriously injured, and sometimes killed. A Norwegian stuntman, for example, skied over the edge of a cliff a thousand feet high. His parachute failed to open—and he was killed.In spite of all the risks, this is no longer a profession for “men only”. Men no longer dress up as women when actresses have to perform some dangerous action. For nowadays there are “stunt girls” too!Task 4:【答案】1) He started writing poetry when he was about 14 or 15.2) He has published four books.3) His first book came out when he was about 26. It wasn‟t easy. He got a lot of his work rejected at first.4) The British, or at least the English, are embarrassed by it. They‟re embarrassed by people who reveal personal feelings, emotions, thoughts and wishes.【原文】When Thomas Edison was born in the small town of Milan, Ohio, in 1847, America was just beginning its great industrial development. In his lifetime of eighty-four years, Edison shared in the excitement of America‟s growth into a modern nation. The time in which he lived was an age of invention, filled with human and scientific adventures, and Edison became the hero of that age.As a boy, Edison was not a good student. His parents took him out of school and his mother taught him at home, where his great curiosity and desire to experiment often got him into trouble. When he was six, he set fire to his father‟s barn “to see what would happen.” The barn burned down.When he was ten, Edison built his own chemistry laboratory. He sold sandwiches and newspapers on the trains in order to earn money to buy supplies for his laboratory. His parents became accustomed, more or less, to his experiments and the explosions which sometimes shook the house.Edison‟s work as a sales boy with the railroad introduced him to the telegraph and, with a friend, he built his own telegraph set.Six years later, in 1869, Edison arrived in New York City, poor and in debt. He went to work with a telegraph company. It was there that he became interested in the uses of electricity.Task 5:【答案】1815,1914,35millionI.A. villages,seaportB. danger,long ocean voyageC. a new land,a new languageD. finding a place to liveII.a better life,opportunity,freedomIII.A. England, Germany, Russia, HungaryB. Roman Catholic, JewishC. customs,languagesIV.A. Americanized,disappeared.B. haven't disappeared,customs,identitiesV.A. were cheated,prejudice,mistreatedB. hardest,least-paid,dirtiest,most overcrowdedD. rejected,old-fashioned,ashamedovercome【原文】Thousands of people came to American cities before Blacks and Puerto Ricans did. Between 1815 and 1914, more than 35 million Europeans crossed the ocean to find new homes in the United States.Most of these immigrants were ordinary people. Few were famous when they arrived. Few became famous afterward. Most had lived in small villages. Few had ever been far outside them. Most of them faced the same kinds of problems getting to America: the hardship of going from their villages to a seaport, the unpleasantness—even danger—of the long ocean voyage, the strangeness of a new land, and of a new language, the problem of finding a place to live, of finding work in a new, strange country.Every immigrant had his own reasons for coming to America. But nearly all shared one reason: They hoped for a better life. They considered America a special place, a land of opportunity, a land of freedom.Immigrants came from many different countries: England, Germany, Denmark, Finland[, Russia, Italy, Hungary and many others.They came with many different religions: Roman Catholic, Jewish, Quaker, Greek Orthodox.They brought many different customs and many languages.Some people have called the United States a "melting pot". After immigrants were here awhile—in the melting pot—they became Americanized. Differences were "melted down". They gradually disappeared.Some people say no. America isn't a melting pot. It's more like a salad bowl. Important differences between groups of people haven't disappeared. Many groups have kept their own ways, their customs, their identities, and this has given America great strength.Melting pot? Salad bowl? Perhaps there's some troth to both ideas.In any case, life in America was hard for most immigrants—especially at first. Often they were cheated. Often they met with prejudice. They were often laughed at, even mistreated, by people who themselves had been immigrants.Most of them soon found that the streets of America weren't paved with gold. They usually got the hardest jobs, and those that paid the least, the dirtiest places to live in, the most overcrowded tenements.They came to be citizens of a new country; but often they felt like people without a country. They had given up their own, but they didn't understand their new one. They didn't really feel a part of it. And the people of the new one didn't always welcome them.They came for the sake of their children, but in America their children often rejected them. To the children, their parents seemed old-fashioned. They didn't learn the new language quickly. Some didn't learn it at all. Their parents' customs made children ashamed.Gradually, however, problems were overcome. For most immigrants, life in America was better. It certainly was better for their children and for their grandchildren.Task 6:【答案】A.The Life Story of Thomas EdisonOhio,1847,industrial development, 1931, a modern nationI.A. curiosity,desireB. 1857,station master‟s sonC. 1863II.A. New York City,electricity,report the pricesB. New Jersey,invented,producedC. organized industrial researchD. 1877E. 1879III.A. 1,000B. motion-picture machineC. photographyD. streetcars,electric trainsIV.B. turn off all powerC. the progress of manB.1) F2) F3) T4) T5) F【原文】When Thomas Edison was born in the small town of Milan, Ohio, in 1847, America was just beginning its great industrial development. The time in which he lived was an age of invention, filled with human and scientific adventures, and Edison became the hero of that age.As a boy, Edison was not a good student. His parents took him out of school and his mother taught him at home, where his great curiosity and desire to experiment often got him into trouble. When he was ten, Edison built his own chemistry laboratory. He sold sandwiches and newspapers on the local trains in order to earn money to buy supplies for his laboratory. His parents became accustomed, more or less, to his experiments and the explosions which sometimes shook the house.Edison‟s work as a sales boy with the railroad introduced him to the telegraph and with a friend, he built his own telegraph set.He taught himself the Morse telegraphic code and hoped for the chance to become a professional telegraph operator. A stroke of luck and Edison's quick thinking soon provided the opportunity.One day, as young Edison stood waiting for a train to arrive, he saw the station master's sot wander into the track of an approaching train. Edison rushed out and carried the boy to safety. The thankful station master offered to teach Edison railway telegraphy. Afterwards, in 1863, he became tan expert telegraph operator and left home to work in various cities.Six years later, in 1869, Edison arrived in New York City, poor and in debt. He went to work with a telegraph company. It was there that he became interested in the uses of electricity. At that time electricity was still in the experimental stages, and Edison hoped to invent new ways to use it for the benefit of people. As he once said: "My philosophy of life is work. I want to bring out the secrets of, nature and apply them for the happiness of man. I know of no better service to render for the short time we are in this world."The same year, when he was only 22 years old, Edison invented an improved ticker-tape machine which could better report the prices on the New York Market. The ticker-tape machine was successful, and Edison decided to leave his job and concentrate wholly on inventing. When the president of the telegraph company asked how much they owed him for his invention, Edison was ready to accept only $3,000. Cautiously he said: "Suppose you make me an offer.""How would $40,000 strike you?" the president inquired. Edison almost fainted, but he finally replied that the price was fair.With this money, and now calling himself an electrical engineer, Edison formed his own "invention factory" in Newark, New Jersey. Over the next few years he invented and produced many new items, including the mimeograph machine, wax wrapping paper, and improvements of the telegraph.In 1877 Edison decided he could no longer continue both manufacturing and inventing. He sold his share in the factory and built a new laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. It was the first laboratory of its kind devoted to organized industrial research. One of the first inventions to come from his new laboratory was an improvement of Alexander Bell's telephone. Edison invented a more powerful mouthpiece which removed the need to shout into the telephone. But his greatinventions were still to come.On August 12, 1877, Edison began experimenting with an instrument which he had designed and ordered to be built. It was a cylinder, wrapped in tinfoil and turned by a handle. As it revolved, a needle made a groove in the foil. Turning the handle, Edison began to shout."Mary had a little lambWhose fleece was white as snow!"He stopped and moved the needle back in the starting position. Then, putting his ear close to the needle, he turned the handle again. A voice came out of the machine:"Mary had a little lamb,Whose fleece was white as snow!"Edison had just invented the phonograph, a completely new concept: a talking machine.While he was perfecting his phonograph, Edison also worked on another invention. He called it "an Electric Lamp for Giving Light by Incandescence". Today we call it the light bulb.For years other inventors had experimented with electric lights, but none of the lights had proven economical to produce. Edison, in studying the problem, spent over a year experimenting. He tested 1,600 materials (even hairs from a friend's beard) to see if they would carry electric current and glow. Finally, on October 21, 1879, he tried passing electricity through a carbonized cotton thread in a vacuum glass bulb. In his own words Edison described the experiment: "... before nightfall the carbon was completed and inserted in the lamp. The bulb was exhausted of air and sealed, the current turned on, and the sight we had so long desired to see met our eyes." The lamp gave off a feeble, reddish glow, and it continued to bum for 40 hours. Edison's incredible invention proved that electric lighting would be the future light of the world.Edison was now so famous as an inventor that people thought there was nothing he could not do. They began to call him "the wizard", as if he could produce an invention like magic. Few people realized how hard Edison worked, often 20 hours a day, and that most of his inventions were the results of hundreds of experiments.For 60 years Edison was the world's leading inventor. He patented over 1,000 inventions which changed our way of living. He was one of the earliest inventors of the motion-picture machine. His invention of the phonograph was joined with photography to produce talking pictures. He also perfected the electric motor which made streetcars and electric trains possible.It is no wonder that Edison received many honors during his life for contributions to the progress of mankind. The United States gave him its highest award, a special Congressional Medal of Honor. Yet, in spite of all his fame, Edison remained a modest man. He preferred to continue his work, rather than rest on his achievements. His motto was: "I find what the world needs; then I go ahead and try to invent it." He never considered himself a brilliant man and once remarked that genius was "2 percent inspiration and 98 percent perspiration".When Edison died in 1931, it was proposed that the American people mm off all power in their homes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man. Of course, it was quickly realized that such an honor would be impossible. Its impossibility was indeed the real tribute to Edison's achievements. Electric power had become so important and vital a part of America's life that a complete shut-down for even a few seconds would have created chaos. As "one of the great heroes of invention", Edison rightfully belongs among America's and the world's great contributors to the progress of man.Task 7:【答案】A.1) c2) a3) d4) c5) c6) aB.1) That‟s because the explosion robs the fire of oxygen.2) Once the fire is out, the well still needs to be covered, or capped, to stop the flow of oil. This is the most dangerous part of the process. Any new heat or fire could cause the leaking well and the surrounding area to explode.3) In March of 1991, Red Adair went to Kuwait. He and his crews were called in to help put out oil well fires.4) He has spent his 76th birthday in Kuwait working side by side with his crew.5) At his funeral, many family members and friends honored him by wearing red clothes.【原文】Paul Neal Adair was born in Houston, Texas in nineteen fifteen. He was one of five sons of a metal worker. He also had three sisters. While growing up, he became known as Red Adair because his hair was bright red. The color became a trademark for Adair. He wore red clothes and red boots. He drove a red car, and his crew members used red trucks and red equipment.During World War Two, Adair served on a trained army team that removed and destroyed bombs. After the war, he returned to Houston and took a job with Myron Kinley. At the time, Kinley was the leader in putting out fires in oil wells. Red Adair worked with Myron Kinley for fourteen years. But in nineteen fifty-nine, Adair started his own company.During his thirty-six years in business, Red Adair and his crews battled more than two thousand fires all over the world. Some were on land. Others were on ocean oil-drilling structures. Some fires were in burning oil wells. Others were in natural gas wells.Red Adair was a leader in a specialized and extremely dangerous profession. Putting out oil well fires can be difficult. This is because oil well fires are extinguished, or put out, at the wellhead just above ground. Normally, explosives are used to stop the fire from burning. The explosion robs the fire of oxygen. But, once the fire is out, the well still needs to be covered, or capped, to stop the flow of oil. This is the most dangerous part of the process. Any new heat or fire could cause the leaking well and the surrounding area to explode.Red Adair developed modern methods to extinguish and cover burning oil wells.They became known in the industry as Wild Well Control techniques. In addition to explosives, the techniques involved large amounts of water and dirt. Adair also developed special equipment made of bronze metal to help extinguish oil well fires. The modern tools and his Wild Well Control techniques earned Red Adair and his crews the honor of being called the "best in the business."Red Adair was known for not being afraid. He was also known for his sense of calm and safety. None of his workers were ever killed while putting out oil well or gas fires. He described his work this way: “It scares you—all the noise, the rattling, the shaking. But the look on everyone's face, when you are finished and packing, it is the best smile in the world; and there is nobody hurt, and the well is under control.”One of Red Adair's most important projects was in nineteen sixty-two. He and his crew put out a natural gas fire in the Sahara Desert in Algeria. The fire had been burning for six months. This famous fire was called the "Devil's Cigarette Lighter." Fire from the natural gas well shot about one hundred forty meters into the air. The fire was so big that American astronaut John Glenn could see it from space as he orbited Earth.The desert sand around the well had melted into glass from the extreme heat. News reports said Adair used about three hundred forty kilograms of nitroglycerine explosive material to pull the oxygen out of the fire.Adair's success with the "Devil's Cigarette Lighter" and earlier well fires captured the imagination of the American film industry. In nineteen sixty-eight, Hollywood made an actionfilm called Hellfighters. It was loosely based on events in Red Adair's life. Actor John Wayne played an oil well firefighter from Houston, Texas whose life was similar to Adair's. Adair served as an advisor to Wayne while the film was being made. The two men became close friends. Adair said one of the best honors in the world was to have John Wayne play him in a movie.In nineteen eighty-eight, Adair fought what was possibly the world's worst off-shore accident. It was at the Piper Alpha drilling structure in the North Sea. Occidental Petroleum operated the structure off the coast of Scotland. The structure produced oil and gas from twenty-four wells.One hundred sixty-seven men were killed when the structure exploded after a gas leak. Red Adair had to stop the fires and cap the wells. He faced winds blowing more than one hundred twenty kilometers an hour, and ocean waves at least twenty meters high.In March of nineteen ninety-one, Red Adair went to Kuwait following the Persian Gulf War. He and his crews were called in to help put out fires set by the Iraqi army.The Red Adair Company capped more than one hundred wells. His crews were amongtwenty-seven teams from sixteen countries called in to fight the fires. The crews' efforts put out about seven hundred Kuwaiti fires. Their efforts saved millions of barrels of oil. Some experts say the operation also helped prevent an environmental tragedy. The job had been expected to take three to five years. However, it was completed in just eight months.Red Adair had spent his seventy-sixth birthday in Kuwait working side by side with his crew. When asked when he might retire, he told reporters: "Retire? I do not know what that word means. As long as a man is able to work, and he is productive out there and he feels good—keep at it."Still, Red Adair finally did retire in nineteen ninety-four. At that time, he joked about where he would end up when he died. He said he hoped to be in Heaven. But he said this about Hell: "I have made a deal with the devil. He said he is going to give me an air-conditioned place when I go down there—if I go there—so I won't put all the fires out."Red Adair died in two thousand four. He was eighty-nine years old. At his funeral, many family members and friends honored him by wearing red clothes. Many Americans remember Red Adair for his bravery. He lived his life on the edge of danger. He was known for his willingness to risk his own life to save others.Task 8:【答案】A.1) She was born in New York City in 1884.2) After she finished school, Eleanor began teaching children to read in one of the poorest areas of New York City. She investigated factories where workers were said to be badly treated. She became involved with other women who shared the same ideas about improving social conditions.3) She decided she would no longer play the part of a politician's wife. Instead, she began to builda life with interests of her own.4) Franklin Roosevelt was elected president in 1932. His new economic program was called the New Deal.5) She was different from the wives of earlier presidents in that she was the first to become active in political and social issues.6) She publicly resigned her membership to protest the action of the group.7) She spent the last years of her life visiting foreign countries. She became America's unofficial ambassador. She called on Americans to help the people in developing countries.B.1) F2) T3) T【原文】Eleanor Roosevelt was the wife of America's thirty-second president, Franklin Delano Roosevelt. She helped her husband in many ways during his long political life. She also became one of the most influential people in America. She fought for equal rights for all people -- workers, women, poor people, black people. And she sought peace among nations.Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was born in New York City in eighteen eighty-four. Eleanor's family had great wealth and influence. When she was eight years old, her mother died. Two years later, her father died. It was Eleanor's grandmother who raised the Roosevelt children.After she finished school, Eleanor began teaching children to read in one of the poorest areas of New York City, called "Hell's Kitchen." She investigated factories where workers were said to be badly treated. She saw little children of four and five years old working until they dropped to the floor. She became involved with other women who shared the same ideas about improving social conditions.Franklin Roosevelt began visiting Eleanor. Franklin belonged to another part of the Roosevelt family. Franklin and Eleanor were married in nineteen-oh-five. In the next eleven years, they had six children.Franklin Roosevelt began his life in politics in New York. He was elected to be a state legislator. Later, President Woodrow Wilson appointed him to be assistant secretary of the Navy. The Roosevelts moved to Washington in nineteen thirteen. It was there, after thirteen years of marriage, that Eleanor Roosevelt went through one of the hardest periods of her life. Shediscovered that her husband had fallen in love with another woman. She wanted to end the marriage. But her husband urged her to remain his wife.She did. Yet her relationship with her husband changed. She decided she would no longer play the part of a politician's wife. Instead, she began to build a life with interests of her own.Eleanor Roosevelt learned about politics and became involved in issues and groups that interested her. In nineteen twenty-two, she became part of the Women's Trade Union League. She also joined the debate about ways to stop war. In those years after World War One, she argued that America must be involved in the world to prevent another war. "Peace is the question of the hour," she once told a group of women. "Women must work for peace to keep from losing their loved ones."The question of war and peace was forgotten as the United States entered a severe economic depression in nineteen twenty-nine. Prices suddenly dropped on the New York stock market. Banks lost their money. People lost their jobs.Franklin Roosevelt was elected president in nineteen thirty-two. He promised to end the Depression and put Americans back to work. Mrs. Roosevelt helped her husband by spreading information about his new economic program. It was called the New Deal. She traveled around the country giving speeches and visiting areas that needed economic aid.Eleanor Roosevelt was different from the wives of earlier presidents. She was the first to become active in political and social issues. While her husband was president, Missus Roosevelt held more than three hundred news conferences for female reporters. She wrote a daily newspaper commentary. She wrote for many magazines. These activities helped spread her ideas to all Americans and showed that women had important things to say.One issue Eleanor Roosevelt became involved in was equal rights for black Americans. She met publicly with black leaders to hear their problems. Few American politicians did this during the nineteen thirties and nineteen forties. One incident involving Eleanor Roosevelt became international news.In nineteen thirty-nine, an American singer, Marian Anderson, planned a performance at Constitution Hall in Washington. But a conservative women's group refused to permit her to sing there because she was black.Missus Roosevelt was a member of that organization, the Daughters of the American Revolution. She publicly resigned her membership to protest the action of the group. An opinion study showed that most Americans thought she was right.Eleanor Roosevelt helped the performance to be held outdoors, around the Lincoln Memorial. More than seventy thousand people heard Marian Anderson sing. Eleanor Roosevelt was always considered one of its strongest supporters of the civil rights movement.。
现代大学英语听力3-UNIT-4原文及答案
Unit 4Task 1【答案】A.1) They are farms that grow vegetables for city people to eat fresh.2) It’s a farm that grow plants and flowers to sell.3) They protect the plants from the cold in the winter but let them get plenty of light, so the plants can be grown all through the year.B.1) canned, frozen2) flowers, garden plants, home gardens, yards, window boxes3) buildings, furniture, firewood【原文】Grain, vegetables and fruits are found on most farms. All of them are food for animals and people.Grain can be fed to animals just as it is harvested. But before people use them grains are usually made into flour or breakfast cereal. Bread, macaroni(通心粉), and cereals(麦片)all come from grain.Tomatoes, beans, potatoes, beets(甜菜), lettuce(生菜), carrots and onions are field and garden vegetables. Can you think of any others? Vegetables are good for people and for some animals such as pigs and rabbits.Farms that grow vegetables for city people to eat fresh are called truck farms. Truck farms are usually close to big cities. Each day hundreds of loads of fresh vegetables are brought to stores on the farmers' trucks. Without the truck farmers people in cities would not eat well. And without city people who eat fresh vegetables, the truck farmers would have no work.There are many kinds of fruit. Apples, pears, peaches, cherries, oranges, grapefruit, and berries are a few kinds. You will be able to think of other kinds that you like. Most fruit is grown on specialized farms. But many general farms have some fruit to use and sell also.Like vegetables, fruit is sold fresh in markets. But a large part of both fruit and vegetable crops is sent to factories to be canned or frozen.In warm parts of our country farmers grow cotton, rice, tobacco, sugar cane(甘蔗), and peanuts.Specialized farms raise flowers and garden plants. They are sold to florists(花商)and to families for home gardens, or yards, or window boxes. A farm that grow plants and flowers to sell is called a nursery(苗圃). Most nurseries have glass buildings, called hothouses or greenhouses. The hothouses are heated to protect the plants from cold in the winter but let them get plenty of light, so they can be grown all through the year.Some farms grow only trees. Some of these are Christmas tree farms. Others are large forests where trees are grown for their wood. The wood is used for buildings, furniture and firewood. Some tree farms grow only nut trees.Task 2【答案】1) The UN agencies report that the market value of pesticides in developing countries last year was about three thousand million dollars.2) The agencies called for worldwide acceptance of Food and Agriculture and World Health Organization pesticide rules. They say this would help guarantee the safe production of and trade in pesticides.【原文】Two United Nations agencies are expressing concern about the safety of some pesticides used to kill insects. They report that about thirty percent of all pesticides sold in developing countries fail to meet widely accepted rules for quality. They say these products are a serious threat to human health and the environment.The UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization gave the warning.In developing countries, pesticides are used mainly for agriculture. Pesticides kill insects and other organisms that threaten crops. Pesticides also are used for public health. They control insects that spread disease, such as mosquitoes that spread malaria.The UN agencies report that the market value of pesticides in developing countries last year was about three thousand million dollars. They say the estimated market value of pesticides worldwide was thirty-two thousand million dollars.Officials say poor quality pesticides often contain harmful chemicals. These chemicals often are banned or restricted in some countries.Possible causes of low quality in pesticides include production problems and failure to use the right chemicals. Officials say the active chemicals in many pesticides are stronger than those permitted by many governments. They also say poor quality pesticides may contain poisonous substances or substances that are not pure.Officials say the quality of pesticide containers and product information on the containers are other concerns. They say information on the containers often fails to explain the active chemicals and how to use the product safely.The WHO says products listing false information have been sold for years in some areas. The agencies say the problem of poor quality pesticides is widespread in parts of Africa south of the Sahara Desert. They called for worldwide acceptance of Food and Agriculture and World Health Organization pesticide rules. They say this would help guarantee the safe production of and trade in pesticides.Officials say the agencies' rules are especially important for developing countries. They say developing countries often lack systems for testing pesticides.Task 3【答案】A.1) c) 2) d) 3) b)B.That’s because they’re making an investment all the time, but are still not sure whether or not they can make profits.【原文】Interviewer: Cattle raising and beef in the US is big business, isn't it?Bob Beck: Yes, it's the largest business—cattle business.Interviewer: It must be a very profitable business then.Bob Beck: Uh, not necessarily.Interviewer: It's not necessarily a profitable business?Bob Beck: At times, it's not profitable. Your production costs get... it's a supply and demand market, and if your supply is larger than your demand... Interviewer: So the price is fluctuating all the time...Bob Beck: Right. It fluctuates, and it can get below production costs. Interviewer: But you never know. For instance, next year, you don't know what it'll bring on the market.Bob Beck: No, technically it takes a year and a half from the time you breed the cow, until you get the calf, until the calf's marketable.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: You've got a year, to a year and a half, tied up there.Interviewer: So, you're making an investment all the time.Bob Beck: Right. So you're not sure.Interviewer: It sounds like it might be a very insecure kind of existence. Wonder why it is that people want to be farmers or ranchers(大农场主)then... Bob Beck: I think the majority of it is you like it. It's one thing. It's a breed (kind)of people. They like it. If you don't like what you're doing, why... Interviewer: What is there about it? You live essentially in a rural area. Doesn't that feeling of isolation ever bother you?Bob Beck: No. It's getting too crowded.Interviewer: Too crowded!Bob Beck: Too many people!Interviewer: I can see that, for instance, in a city, you have restaurants to go to, movie theaters—all kinds of things available to people, a lot of convenienceswhich you don't have in the more rural areas. What do people who farmand ranch do for recreation and relaxation, for instance... erm...Bob Beck: Well, I think a lot of it is if you're a livestock raiser, you'll go check your cows in the evening instead of going to a movie.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: That's as much recreation as driving through a bunch or cows, and if you like them, you enjoy that.Interviewer: In terms of the way of life, to a lot of people, it would seem that it's a very hard life. It means a lot of hard work. I mean, you have aschedule—whether you feel like it or not, you have to get out and feedanimals, and so forth. Would you regard that as one of the difficultthings about it, or is that...Bob Beck: No.Interviewer: …just sort of... part of it?Bob Beck: For me, if I had to go to a desk every morning, that'd kill me.Task 4【答案】A. paid off, fall back on, a security, operating expenses, complete disasterB.1) Some of them cook the meals, clean the house and take care of the kids every day.2) Yes. That is especially so after they've had one or two bad years when they couldn’t make money.3) When their children are small, they were with their parents to go out to work; when they are very small, Sharon didn’t go out as much as she would later.4) She thinks that in this way the children are a lot more self-reliant. They learn to work and they learn responsibility. They learn a lot about life by being continually in life with animals.【原文】Bob Beck: I think, for a wife, the same as a husband, they like it or they wouldn't marry a farmer or a rancher.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: They'd get out. I think it's not at all wives. Some of them are just like suburban housewives.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Bob Beck: They cook the meals, and they clean the house and that's it... take care of the kids...Interviewer: Have you known some situations like that?Bob Beck: Oh, yeah, I know situations like that!Interviewer: Sharon, is there a problem of the feeling of security?Sharon Beck: What kind of security are you talking about—financial security? Interviewer: Uh, yeah, financial security. Uh, the thing is up and down. You don't know what the market's going to bring, er... for beef. You work all year,and so forth... Is there any problem of that sort?Sharon Beck: Sure, there's the problem of security. Especially, if you've had one or two bad years. You feel awfully insecure.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: If you've borrowed money to buy a farm or to operate, and there's no money coming in, you feel awfully insecure.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: But if you've got a fairly good amount of your ranch paid off, you've got that to fall back on. You can always think of that as a security. Ifeverything else fails, if you can’t pay for your operating expenses…Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: ...you can always sell your equity in your ranch. So it isn't complete disaster.Interviewer: But it's not something that bothers you terribly. I mean, it's a fact of life. It's sort of...Sharon Beck: Something you live with, yeah...Interviewer:... part of the thing. The role of the wife in this situation is quite different than that of a suburban housewife. You don't have much free time, doyou?Sharon Beck: No.Interviewer: Because, essentially, you work in much the same way that your husband does.Sharon Beck: Yes, I'm usually with him.Interviewer: How do you handle the whole family-life situation—children? You're out almost as much as a working mother in the city, aren't you?Sharon Beck: Yes. The only difference is we're together.Interviewer: The children too...?Sharon Beck: The children too. When they're not in school, when they were small, they were with us. When they were very small, of course, I didn't goout as much.Interviewer: Do you feel that there are advantages in growing up in this way? Sharon Beck: Yeah, I definitely feel that there're advantages. There are disadvantages too, but I think the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. Interviewer: What are some of those advantages you think the children have? Sharon Beck: The advantages?Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: Well, they're a lot more self-reliant. They learn to work. Erm, they learn responsibility.Interviewer: Uh-huh.Sharon Beck: They learn a lot about life by being continually in life, with animals, and... I think it makes them... erm... They grow up!。
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现代大学英语听力U n i t 集团文件发布号:(9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-Task 11) Man: I had the girls running in circles when I was in college.Woman: I never knew you were the campus hero.Man: I wasn't. I was the women's track coach.2) Instructor: Mr. Jenkins, why are you late?Student: I guess because the class started before I got here.3) Woman: Doctor, you have to come immediately—my baby swallowed some camera film!Doctor: Just calm yourself, nothing will develop.4) Customer: Waiter, this water is cloudy.Waiter: The water's okay, madam. It's just that the glass is a little dirty.5) Woman: The bride wears white on her wedding day as a symbolof happiness, for this is the most joyous day in her entirelife.Man: Why does the groom wear black?Task 2Catherine: I think firstly I find the French language, very melodic to listen to. It's very easy on the ear, and it almost sounds poetic. No matter what kind of mood the individual is in, who's talking, or what they're talking about, there seems to bea rhythm to the language. And it's rounded; there are no sharp, jagged edges to the language, so it's very pleasing to the ear. Chris: I think the accent I really like is the Dane speaking English. They sound awful when they speak Danish, but when they speak English there's a beautiful, low, sensitive, very soft quality about it.Donald: I like the way they bring their French pronunciationinto English. They can't pronounce "h"s and they can'tpronounce "th" properly. And I think that actually sounds very nice. Also I like the rhythm they bring French rhythms into English—nice, steady rhythms and I like that too. It's just it, it... whenever I hear a French person speaking English itsounds more gentle and more lyrical.Lesley: I think the most attractive foreign accents for me are Mediterranean accents because they, if you like, import their own culture into the English accent and give it a lot of life that sometimes, that kind of—the gestures and everything that the English people don't have, so you get a beautiful mixtureof the serious Northern European and the Southern European together.Susan: I like the Swedish accent because it, it makes me smile and the way it's spoken is so sing-songy that you can't helpbut smile when other people actually speak it. And it always makes you want to try and put the accent on yourself.Task 3The spelling and meaning of words are very interesting. Butwhat's more interesting is the history of a word, or where it came from. Let's examine some of the words and see how they got into our language.LUNCH Lunch perhaps comes from an old Spanish word lonje, a slab of ham. We may also get our word from a form of lump, maybe a lump of bread, but whether lunch comes from ham or bread, it meant a hunk of something to eat.ATLAS An atlas is a strong man, and also a book of maps. The story of this word begins a long time ago in Greece. Theancient Greeks believed that their gods had once been a race of giants called Titans. The Titans fought with another group of gods called Olympians, and the Olympians won. Atlas was a Titan. He was punished for fighting by having to stand at the western edge of the world, holding the sky on his head and hands, sothat it would not fall on the world and smash anything.After the ancient Greek religion died out, the idea of Atlas changed. From holding up the sky with his head and hands, he came to be thought of as holding the world on his shoulders.Mercator, a mapmaker of the sixteenth century, used a picture of Atlas on the cover of a book of maps, so a book of maps came to be called an atlas.The word has still another meaning. The top bone of the neck is called atlas because it supports the head.GOOD-BYE Good-bye is a blessing; originally it was God be with ye, and in the course of time it became one word. Many of our greetings are good wishes, but we say them with so little thought that we forget this. When we say good morning, good evening, good night, and so on, what we are really saying is, "I hope you will have a good morning (or evening, or night)." DAISY The daisy has a little golden eye, like a tiny sun. Perhaps this is the reason the English people named it day's eye, or perhaps they chose the name because the English daisy closes at night. The English loved their daisies, which were pink and red, as well as white. Six hundred years or so ago, the English poet Chaucer said:The daisy, or else the eye of the day,The queen, and prettiest flower of all.Task 4Mathew: Chris, why is it that there are so many different languages, and that in Europe certainly if you travel more thana hundred miles, you're likely to find people speaking a completely different language to your own.Chris: Well, it's true to say that there are hundreds and hundreds of different languages. It's perhaps... however, more interesting and more informative to say that there are several different groups of languages. Most European languages, withthe exception of I think Finnish and Basque and Hungarian, I believe, belong to the Indo-European group of languages. I'mnot so very sure myself of the actual details of the history of these languages, but you can be very sure that most of these languages, say, Latin and Greek and our own language and German and French and all the others, are connected. The reason whyyou can travel from one village to another in Switzerland and from one area to another in England and find different dialects, if not different languages spoken, is that several hundredyears ago communication was by word of mouth. Word of mouth meant that people had to move; if people were to move they needed roads and there were no roads.Mathew: Do you see any chance for a universal language like Esperanto?Chris: Not for an artificial language, no. I suppose the Roman Catholic Church used Latin, but Latin had a particularreligious basis and this is probably why it was therefore chosen. I don't see very much chance for Esperanto; I thinkit's an awfully good idea but I don't believe that language works like that. I think people will probably work towards the most convenient language to use. They will not set out to learn a new language. It seems to me that we, either English, Russian or Chinese, perhaps Japanese, will be the languages of the future. My bet's on English.Mathew: Maggie, why do you think it is that so few English people speak a second language?Maggie: I think when you learn a language at school, it tends to be rather a dead occupation, and it's very difficult to stimulate any interest among school children. But when you actually go to the country and you spend, say a month when in an exchange visit when you're a schoolgirl, or a schoolboy, then you suddenly become more interested because you want to communicate with people when you're actually abroad, and it's not safe to rely on the fact that most people speak English when in foreign countries. I think English people traditionally thought that foreigners always spoke English, and a lot of foreigners do, but there are people that you meet in the street or you want to take a bus somewhere, then you find that youneed to speak the language and it's very unnerving to be in a situation where you can't communicate with people when you do want to travel around.Mathew: Have you ever gone abroad and learnt a language in the country?Maggie: Yes, well when I was a secretary I went and lived in Geneva for two years. And I learnt French at school but Ireally didn't speak it at all. I knew it theoretically but I wasn't able to communicate with people. But I was in asituation where if I didn't speak French, then I would not have been able to do my shopping and buy food, and so I picked the language up and I made friends with French people—Swiss French people, and I found that if I wanted to communicate with all the people that I met, then I had to learn French, and I think it's the best method of learning because you're in the situation. It's very hard at times—you can sit through dinner parties and not understand what... what's going on and youthink everybody thinks you're stupid because you can't communicate with them, but it's the hard way but I think it's the best way to learn.Mathew: Elfriede, you come from Austria and yet you've been living in England now for the last three years. Has having to learn and speak another language created great problems? Elfriede: At the beginning yes, it was rather difficult for me to get the right job. After you've lived here for one or two years you get to know the system and then that's quite good. You know how to use libraries and you get to know where to call in emergencies. You get to know...trying to get a radio and understand the radio and all the programmes they have and when they're on and the little stories.Mathew: What about English humour on the radio?Elfriede: I think that takes a very, very long time to understand and, I'm sorry to say that I haven't managed yet to understand it completely, but I find it very interesting to speak other languages because English people have different... have a different mentality, and have a very different character and a different temperament and it is fascinating for me totalk to them, and also for myself to be able to express myself in a different language and to communicate with them.Task 5Number 1Fiona: Okay, Deek, I'm off now. [Okay.] Everything's okay, is it?Deek: Yes, I think so. The only thing is... is she likely to wake up?Fiona: No, I don't think so. She doesn't usually, but... Deek: What if she does?Fiona: Well, yes. Don't worry about it. Her dummy's by the bed, so if you just pick her up, give her the dummy, give her alittle bit of a cuddle; [Yes.] sing to her if you like. Deek: Shall I read her a story or something?Fiona: Yes, anything like that. [Yes.] Then she should just go back to sleep again quite happily.Deek: Okay.Fiona: Oh! And I've left stuff for you in the fridge. There's some salad and cold chicken and some beer as well. Okay then? Deek: Right then. Bye.Fiona: Bye-bye.Number 2Lesley: Ah... it's such a lovely day. It reminds me of last week, doesn't it, dear?Fiona: Oh don't! I mean that was just so fantastic, that holiday!Lesley: I love that city, you know.Fiona: I do too. Really, it's got something about it, a certain sort of charm...Lesley: Mm, and all that wine and good food.Fiona: And so cheap. Right, I mean, compared to here... Lesley: Yes, although the shops are expensive.Fiona: Mm, yes.Lesley: I mean, really I bought nothing at all. I just ate and ate and drank and drank.Fiona: I know. Wasn't that lovely?Lesley: Yes. I like listening to the people talking and sitting outside drinking wine and...Fiona: Yes. Could you understand what they were saying? When they were speaking quickly, I mean.Lesley: Well, it is difficult, of course. And then I liked that tower, too.Fiona: You liked that tower? I'm not sure about it, really. [No!] It's very unusual, right in the centre of the city. Lesley: True, but there’s a lovely view from the top.Fiona: Oh, you went right up, didn't you? [Mm, yes.] I know I didn't.Lesley: Of course you didn't.Fiona: I remember that day. We weren't together.Lesley: No, that's right. [Mm.] You went down by the river, didn't you?Fiona: Right. Oh, walking along the river and all the couples [Yes.] and it's so romantic... [Is it true?] and the paintings too...Lesley: They do have artists down by the river, do they? [Yes.] Oh, how lovely!Fiona: Oh, it really is super.Lesley: Yes. Oh, I think we ought to go back there again next year, don't you?Fiona: I do, yes. [Mm.] If only just to sample some more of the wine.Lesley: It'd be lovely, wouldn't it?Fiona: Yes.Number 3Mary: I'm so pleased. What about you then?Jane: Well, he said he wanted to have another look at it. Mary: Yes. What are they doing about it?Jane: Well, I don't think they're going to do anything really. It just sometimes goes away [Well, can't...] something like that.Mary: Well, can't they give you anything for it?Jane: Well, no, they didn't say they could. [Really?] No, just got to be patient and wait for it to go away.Mary: Well, that seems a bit stupid, doesn't it?Jane: Yes, it does.Mary: You'd have thought... you'd have thought they'd have thought of something.Jane: Yes. Ooh it's your turn.Mary: Yes. Certainly.Jane: Good luck!Mary: Thank you!Task 6Learning to SpeakIt is, everyone agrees, a colossal task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking. Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word "obey" is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak,many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire. This self-imitation leads on to deliberateimitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.It is a problem we need not get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation; and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at say seven months, of "mama" as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simplybecause he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes.Playful and apparently meaningless imitation of what otherpeople say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however, whether anything is gained when parents cash in on this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.Task 7Let's talk about body language. You already "speak" it and "read" it. Body language is all of the small facial expressions, hand gestures and body movements that we make. We may notrealize it, but each movement and expression says somethingabout our feelings.In fact, we might say that body language is the clearest and most common way of communicating our feelings directly to others. We all know the more obvious body "statements": We wave our hands in greeting, we shake hands, pat each other on the back, we hug friends and kiss loved ones. We smile, we laugh,we wink and we frown, and sometimes we cry. All of thesegestures are called non-verbal communication (non-verbal means we do not use words to "say" what we feel.)Normally, we don't think very much about our body language. Our facial expressions and gestures are automatic and unconscious most of the time. But researchers tell us we might learn to understand each other a little better if we paid conscious attention to the hidden messages in body language. Let'sconsider a few of the more obvious facial, hand and body gestures.The human face is wonderfully rich in its ability to express feelings. The eyes, the eyebrows, the lips and the facial muscles are all capable of "saying" things.For example, we speak of "wide-eyed wonder". If the eyes open wide, that may mean surprise, wonder, excitement or sometimes fear. And that is an important thing to remember about body language—one element alone does not tell us everything. Wehave to see gestures in combination. So wide eyes alone wouldnot tell us whether the person was surprised, pleased or scared, but when we see wide eyes, a little smile and a slight tilt of the head, we understand that the person is "wonderfully pleased"."Squinty" eyes, tight lips, and the head pushed forwardprobably suggest anger or hostility.Half-closed eyes may suggest fatigue, boredom or indifference. But add a lowered tilt of the head, a fluttering of the eyelids and a slight smile, and we get a coy and flirtatious message. Strangely enough, one of the eye features over which we havevery little control—the size of our pupils—says somethingabout our interest in a subject. If we like something, ourpupils get larger. Studies show that most men think a womanwith large pupils is more "attractive" than the same woman with small pupils. But the men aren't really conscious of the pupils. They just know they like the "looks" better in the samples with large pupils. No wonder eye make-up is so popular.Eyebrows are almost like signal flags: one brow up, one down suggests doubt, disbelief or uncertainty. Both up meanssurprise or mistrust. Squeeze them together and we get a frownor scowl.The lips shape non-verbal as well as verbal messages. The smile is the most obvious, but try baring the teeth just on one sideor pull the lips tightly across the teeth and the smile becomes a snarl and a threat. In this, and in many of our other body gestures, we are close to the animals.The lower lip by itself can say little things. The "pout" is afat lower lip pushed way out. It means "I'm not happy becauseI'm not getting what I want." But if we tuck the lower lip into our mouth and bite it, we are conveying anxiety and fear.Licking the lips is a "dry mouth" gesture which usually means stress or anxiety.There are whole books written on hand gestures, and, in fact, hand or sign language has often been highly developed,especially as an aid to the deaf. But the routine hand language, such as pointing with the index finger to accuse someone, orthe clenched fist beating in the air to threaten someone, are familiar to us all. But a clenched fist held close to the body usually means tension or anxiety while the open hands, palms up may mean "I'm innocent" or "give me" or "forgive me".Both hands raised up and facing the audience means "I give up"or "I surrender". But tilt the hands and palm down and extendthe arm and it means "I bless" or "I give". The "pat on the head" is a kind of blessing or gesture of love and giving. We clap hands to indicate approval or in some cases to call someone or get attention.When the hands get very busy we say that someone "talks withhis hands" and among certain individuals and cultures it is almost impossible to talk without a wild display of hand motions.If we are slightly puzzled by something, we may bring ourfinger to our lips. If it's a real puzzler, we scratch or rub our heads. If we do something wrong, we slap our heads. Tostart allover something, we often begin by taking our head in both hands to sort of clear our minds and "set our head on straight".These are only a sampling of the many types of body language. There are books which discuss everything from the way we pull an ear to the way we cross our legs. From the looks of things, the only people who don't communicate with body language are the writers. Readers never get to see how often the writer frowns, scratches his chin, slaps his head, purses his lips, stares at the ceiling and throws up his arms.Task 8In contemporary English, there are many reported differences in the talk of males and females. In same gender pairs having conversations, women generally discuss their personal feelings more than men. Men appear to prefer non-personal topics such as sport and news. Men tend to respond to an expression offeelings or problems by giving advice or solutions, while women are more likely to mention personal experiences that match or connect with the other woman's. There is a pattern documentedin the American English social context of women cooperating and seeking connection via language, whereas men are more competitive and concerned with power via language. In mixed-gender pairs having conversations, the rate of men interrupting women is substantially greater than the reverse. Women are reported to use more expressions associated with tentativeness, such as "hedges" (sort of, kind of) and "tags" (isn't it?,don't you?), when expressing an opinion: Well, erm, I thinkthat golf is kind of boring, don't you?。