英语语法完成时篇
英语语法四种完成时态
LESSON EIGHT四种完成时态主系表现在：You are rich.过去：You were rich.将来：You will be rich.过去将来：You would be rich.There be现在：There is a book on the desk .过去：There was a book on the desk.将来：There will be a book on the desk.过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状现在：You study English in the school.过去时：You studied English in the school.将来时: You will study English in the school.You are going to study English.You are to study English.are about to study Englishwould study English in the schoolYou were going to study English.You were to study English.You were about to study English.You are studying English.You were studying English.You will be studying English.You English.1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙;课堂答案1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他Do you know why your teacher’s father beat him yesterday 2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗Do you know how the pretty girl of your class becomes the best students3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗Do you know why the dog of his family bit you yesterday4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.Yesterday, my mother asked me where I was going to study English.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗Do you know how many books there were in the library of your school yesterday6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗Do you know when his father died7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗Do you know why the mouse loves rice8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗Do you know how many books your teacher is going to write nest year9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗Do you know where your teacher is having lunch10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗Do you know what your father and mother were doing in the living room at half past 7 yesterday11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙;The doctor told me that he was helping in the hospital.而是对现在产生的结果和影响;否则用一般过去时态就够了;请看下面的对话;●A－We will send some one to America.我们要派一个人去美国;B－I have been there.我去过美国;= I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there 我去过那儿,很了解那个国家;能派我去吗C－I have not been there.我还没去过那儿呢;= I didn’t go to America. It is my turn.我没去过;这次该我了;上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国;所以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验,派他去好;而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过,轮也该轮到他了;两句都是强调对现在产生的影响;Did you have lunchHave you had lunchDid you study EnglishHave you studied EnglishLaochang diedLaochang has diedWho was hererWho has been hereHave you done your homework2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在;通常用于持续性较强的动词,例如：live, study, wait for, be等等,并且常常与since, for连用,since给出的是过去的一个时间点,如since 1958, 而for往往给出的是一个时间段,如for three years;●He has studied English for eight years.●Since1980, they have known each other.注：完成时态表示延续的用法不可跟非延续动词连用,如：die, go, leave, receive等;请看下面例句：╳His father has died for three years.●His father has been dead for three years.第一句是错的;“死”这个动作不可能延续;但一种状态却可以延续;第二句用主系表句型是对的;▲过去完成时态,将来完成时态和过去将来完成时态学习完成时态应注意,所有完成时态在“态”的概念上是一样的,现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态、过去将来完成时态所不同的只是时间上的概念;所以我们只要掌握现在完成时态,然后在时间上向过去推便是过去完成时态,向将来推便是将来完成时态;3完成时态在主从句中的用法完成时态除上面讲到的两种基本用法之外,在主从句中通常可以用来表示主句与从句动作发生的先后次序;●Do you know he has finished his homework现在完成时态“has finished”表示发生在一般现在时态“know”之前;●I heard he had bought a new car.过去完成时态“had bought”表示发生在过去时态“heard”之前;现在完成时态“have had supper”强调吃过饭之后,即强调从句动作发生在主句之前;从上面几个例句可以看出,在主从句中现在完成时态往往表示发生在另一个现在时态的动作之前,而过去完成时态则表示发生在另一个过去时态的动作之前;请注意下面的例句：以上简单地介绍了在主从句中完成时态的用法;请同学们在做练习时多加注意;一、完成下列句子;1. He said 他从未去过西藏Tibet.2. 他从未给我写过信since he left Beijing.3. He said 他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera.4.I hope 雨会在明天中午前停下来.5. By the end of that year 他已集了一千多张中国邮票.6. I really don’t know他是否已经到了实验室laboratory.7. The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer在他经历了这样的事情之后.8. I could not remember whether 他已经付了字典钱.9. I’m afraid I 到时还没有找到正确的答案.10. Don’t worry. Before I get home I 就会把这件事全忘光的.二、完成下列句子;1．He said that he had never been to Tibet.他从未去过西藏Tibet.2．He hasn’t written to me他从未给我写过信since he left Beijing. 3．He said that he would have done with have used my camera by the end of next month.他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera.4．I hope that the rain will have stopped by tomorrow noon.雨会在明天中午前停下来.5．By the end of that year he had collected more than a thousand Chinese stamps.他已集了一千多张中国邮票.6．I really don’t know whether he has got to the laboratory or not.他是否已经到了实验室laboratory.7．The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer after he has experienced such a thing.在他经历了这样的事情之后. Has gonethrough8．I could not remember whether he had paid for the dictionary.他已经付了字典钱9．I’m afraid I won’t have got the correct answer by then.到时还没有找到正确的答案.10. Don’t worry. Before I get home I will have forgotten all about the matter.就会把这件事全忘光的.三、完成下列句子;1.He said 他从未去过西藏Tibet.2.他从未给我写过信since he left Beijing.3.He said 他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera.4.I hope 雨会在明天中午前停下来.5.By the end of that year 他已集了一千多张中国邮票.6.I really don’t know 他是否已经到了实验室laboratory.7.The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer 在他经历了这样的事情之后.8.I could not remember whether 他已经付了字典钱.9.I’m afraid I 到时还没有找到正确的答案.10.Don’t worry. Before I get home I 就会把这件事全忘光的.二、时态选择;该题全部取自于全国高考原卷1.—What do you want ______ those old boxes—To put things in when I move to the new flat.A. byB. forC. ofD. with2.—he start at once or wait for a while—Let him start at once.A．Will B．Would C．Does D．Shall3.I can’t tell you if it tomorrow.A．will rain B．rains C．shall rain D．does rain4.Did you watch the play on CCTV 1 last night It was really good.—No, I didn'—“Tea House”.A. What was itB. What's onC. What was it aboutD. How about it5.—Can you give me the right answer—Sorry, I _______．Would you repeat that questionA．hadn’ t listened B．haven’t listenedC．don’t listen D．wasn’t listening6.I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down．They_______ for me impatiently．A．may wait B．ought to waitC．could wait D．must be waiting7.—Haven't seen you for ages Do you still work in Fuzhou—'s two years since I worked there.A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I doC. No, I haven'tD. No, I don't8.Goodbye, Peter, remember me to your parents.— ______.A. It's very kind of you to say soB. Thanks, I willC. You are so kindD. Thanks, what a good idea9.You are talking too much.—Only at home. No one ______ me but you.A. is hearingB. had heardC. hearsD. heard10.—We want someone to design the new art museum for us.—the young fellow have a tryA. MayB. ShallC. WillD. Need11.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn't writtenB. doesn't writeC. won't writeD. hadn't written12.I didn't like aunt Lucy, who _____without warning and presentingA. always turned upB. has always turned upC. was always turned upD. was always turning up13.—Has Tommy finished his homework yet—I have no idea; he it this morning.A. was doingB. had been doingC. has doneD. did14.The little girl ______ her heart out because she ______ her toy bear and believed shewasn’t ever going to find it.A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lostC. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost15.—Hey, look where you are going—Oh, I’m terribly sorry_____________.A. I’m not noticingB. I wasn’t noticingC. I haven’t noticedD. I don’t notice16.—Do you know your town at all—No, this is the first time I _______ here.A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming17.I’m sorry to keep you waiting.--Oh, not at all. I ___________ here only a few minutes.A. have beenB. had beenC. wasD. will be18.—__________ my glasses— Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you seeB. Had you seenC. Would you seeD. Have you seen19.You don’t need to describe her.I ______ her several times.A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet20.—Who is Jerry Cooper— ________ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Don’t you meet him yetB. Hadn’t you met him yetC. Didn’t you meet him yetD. Haven’t you met him yet21.Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.A. has left; comeB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. left; came22.How long ________ each other before they _____ married— For about a year.A. have they known; getB. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to getD. had they known; got二、时态选择;该题全部取自于全国高考原卷1.—What do you want ______ those old boxes—To put things in when I move to the new flat.A. byB. forC. ofD. withdo sth with sth or want sth with sth 意思是用什么东西或要什么东西做什么; 2.—______ he start at once or wait for a while—Let him start at once.A．Will B．Would C．Does D．Shall．Shall shall表示征求对方意见;3.I can’t tell you if it tomorrow.A．will rain B．rains C．shall rain D．does rain．will rain 表示将来发生的事;4.Did you watch the play on CCTV 1 last night It was really good.—No, I didn'—“Tea House”.A. What was itB. What's onC. What was it aboutD. How about it. What's on 意思是演的是什么;5.—Can you give me the right answer—Sorry, I _______．Would you repeat that questionA．hadn’ t listened B．haven’t listenedC．don’t listen D．wasn’t listening．wasn’t listening 表示刚才一瞬间,所以要用过去进行时;6.I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down．They_______ for me impatiently．A．may wait B．ought to waitC．could wait D．must be waiting．must be waiting must be or must do都可以表示对目前的推测;该话应译成：想必他们等我等的不耐烦了;Must be must be doingMust have been Must have done7.—Haven't seen you for ages Do you still work in Fuzhou—'s two years since I worked there.A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I doC. No, I haven'tD. No, I don't7. D. No , I don't It's two years since I worked there. 此句应译成我已经有两年没在那里工作了;8.Goodbye, Peter, remember me to your parents.— ______.A. It's very kind of you to say soB. Thanks, I willC. You are so kindD. Thanks, what a good idea. Thanks, I will;在答应别人时应该用will表示坚决;9.You are talking too much.—Only at home. No one ______ me but you.A. is hearingB. had heardC. hearsD. heard9. C. hears 表示事实用一般时;10.—We want someone to design the new art museum for us.—the young fellow have a tryA. MayB. ShallC. WillD. Need. Shall shall表示征求对方的意见;have a try 试一试, have a look 看一看;11.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn't writtenB. doesn't writeC. won't writeD. hadn't written. hash' t written 因为recently表示过去延续到现在,应用过去完成时;12.I didn't like aunt Lucy, who _____without warning and presentingA. always turned upB. has always turned upC. was always turned upD. was always turning up. was always turning up,--- be always doing表示不满; 例如My wife is always watching TV. 我的妻子总是看电视; Turn up 意思是出现; 该句应译成：我不喜欢我的婶子路西总不打招呼也不带礼物就突然出现;13.—Has Tommy finished his homework yet—I have no idea; he it this morning.A. was doingB. had been doingC. has doneD. did. was doing this morning表示一个很短的过去时间,用过去进行时;14.The little girl ______ her heart out because she ______ her toy bear and believed shewasn’t ever going to find it.A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lostC. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost. cried; had lost, cry one’s heart out 哭得很伤心;在主从句中过去完成时表示动作发生在一般过去时之前,现在完成时是指动作发生在一般现在时之前;强调主从句的时间差;15.—Hey, look where you are going—Oh, I’m terribly sorry_____________.A. I’m not noticingB. I wasn’t noticingC. I haven’t noticedD. I don’t notice15. B 表示过的动作短暂用过去进行时;16.—Do you know your town at all—No, this is the first time I _______ here.A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming16. B 从过到现在的经历用现在完成时;17.I’m sorry to keep you waiting.--Oh, not at all. I ___________ here only a few minutes.A. have beenB. had beenC. wasD. will be过去的状态持续到现在用现在完成时;18.—__________ my glasses— Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you seeB. Had you seenC. Would you seeD. Have you seen18. D过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时19.You don’t need to describe her.I ______ her several times.A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet从过到现在的经历用现在完成时;20.—Who is Jerry Cooper— ________ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Don’t you meet him yetB. Hadn’t you met him yetC. Didn’t you meet him yetD. Haven’t you met him yet20. D 过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时;21.Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.A. has left; comeB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. left; came动作发生在过去的过去,强调时间差用过去完成时;22.How long ________ each other before they _____ married— For about a year.A. have they known; getB. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to getD. had they known; got动作发生在过去的过去,强调时间差用过去完成时;。
2024年中考英语语法复习+—现在完成时课件
Have you seen the doctor？ 你看过医生了吗？
在现在完成时中，当主语是I/you/we/they时，助动词用 have；当主语是第三人称单数时，助动词用has。
三、现在完成时的使用
1.表示过去发生并结束的动作对现在所产生的影响
He has left the city. 他已离开了这个城市。（结果：他不在这个城市。）
一、基本构成：have/has+done
I have finished my homework. 我已完成了作业。 （这里的finished就是动词finish的 过去分词。）
二、现在完成时不同人称的用法 I have washed my car.我洗过车子了。
We have done the whole work.我们干完了所有活儿。
A．practised
B．were practising C．have been practising
C
3 . —Where is mother?
—She is in the kitchen. She ________ the
housework all morning.
A．is doing
B．was doing
B．was studying
C．studied
D．have been studying
D
15 . “I _____ as everyone expects ”, Yao Ming
said .
A．haven’t played
B．haven’t been playing
C．didn’t play
D．am not playing
英语现在完成时解释
英语现在完成时解释全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：英语现在完成时是英语语法中的一个时态，用来表达过去发生的动作或事情对现在造成的影响或结果。
在英语中，现在完成时使用have/has + 过去分词的形式来构成，用来描述从过去某一时刻一直延续到现在的动作或事件。
现在完成时通常用来表达以下几种情况：1. 表示已经完成的动作或经历：例如：I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了我的作业。
）这个句子表示我已经完成了我的作业，目前作业已经做完了。
2. 表示曾经做过的事情对现在的影响：例如：I have lived in Beijing for five years.（我在北京住了五年。
）这个句子表示我在过去的五年里一直住在北京，现在可能依然住在北京。
3. 表示从过去某一时刻一直延续到现在的动作或事件：例如：She has worked at this company since 2010.（她从2010年开始就在这家公司工作。
）这个句子表示她从2010年开始一直在这家公司工作，目前仍在这家公司工作。
需要注意的是，现在完成时常常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如for，since等，用来表明动作或事件发生的时间跨度。
现在完成时通常不能与一些表示具体时间的状语连用，如yesterday，last week等。
如果要表达具体时间的动作或事件，应该使用一般过去时。
现在完成时在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色，帮助我们表达过去与现在的关系，强调过去的经历对现在的影响。
通过掌握现在完成时的用法和结构，我们可以更准确地描述和理解英语中的动作或事件。
第二篇示例：英语现在完成时是英语语法中的一个时态，表示过去发生的动作或情况对现在产生的影响或结果。
它通常由have/has + 过去分词构成。
例如："I have visited Paris."（我去过巴黎）。
英语现在完成时与一般过去时的区别在于，一般过去时强调过去某个具体的时间点或时间段内发生的动作或事件，而现在完成时则强调过去发生的动作或事件对现在的影响或结果。
英语语法-现在完成时专题
现在完成时现在完成时是由助动词+过去分词构成，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。
现将其主要用法小结如下：1．表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。
（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）。
2．表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示可能继续下去的动作或状态。
这时，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：I have been here for just over two years．我到这里才两年多。
He has worked here since 1989．自从1989年以来，他就在这里工作。
3．现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday, last night, t wo weeks ago等，但可以和never, ever, already, yet, just, for…, since…等连用。
例如：Have you finished your work yet?你已经完成你的工作了吗？I have never heard that before．过去，我从未听说过那件事。
4．be的现在完成时态。
(1)表示一种状态，表示从过去已经开始持续到现在，要与表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：There has been a factory near No．14 Middle School for several years．14中学附近有家工厂，已经有几年了。
(2)表示某人刚从某地回来。
例如：Where have you been? I have been to the library．你到哪里去了？我到图书馆去了。
(3)后加地点，表示某人曾经到过某地。
例如：Have you ever been to West Hill Farm?你曾到过西山农场吗？但是“have(has)gone(to)+地点”则表示已去了某地，不在说话者所在的地方。
初中英语语法 现在完成时
初中英语语法现在完成时初中英语语法现在完成时1、现在完成时的构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。
①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’s。
e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’s②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。
③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。
2、现在完成时的基本句型。
①陈述句肯定形式。
e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
②陈述句否定形式。
(在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t)e.g. I haven’t had lunch. 我还未吃午饭。
He hasn’t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。
③一般疑问句形式及其答语。
(将助动词have/has提前，答语一般用have, has回答)e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃过午饭了没? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了没有? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.否定回答还可以用：No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。
④特殊疑问句形式。
(疑问词+一般疑问句)e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里?3、现在完成时的三个基本用法。
(1) 现在完成时的第一个基本用法表示过去发生或已完成的某一个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 你吃过午饭没?有，吃过了，我刚刚吃的。
(影响及结果：我现在饱了，不需要了)He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。
英语语法大全：现在完成进行时9篇
英语语法大全：现在完成进行时9篇现在完成进行时的结构篇一现在完成进行时由“have / has been + 现在分词”构成。
如：Sales have been dropping off badly. 销售量一直减少得很厉害。
I have been waiting for an hour and a half. 我一直等了一个半小时了。
We’ll have been living here for two years by next Sunday. 到下星期日，我们在这里就住了整两年了。
现在完成进行时态和现在完成时态的.区别篇二1)现在完成进行时态强调的是动作的持续性，而现在完成时态则着眼于过去发生的动作和现在的联系。
例句：（1） He has been travelling in Asia since then. 从那时起他一直在亚洲旅行。
这儿的现在完成进行时态强调动作的持续性。
（2） The Bakers have visited four countries since then. 从那时起贝克夫妇访问了4个国家。
这句里的现在完成时态强调过去发生的动作与现在的联系。
（3） How long have you been living here? 你在这儿住了多久了？这句里的现在完成时态除了强调动作的持续性以外，还和进行时态一样含有一种临时性，比如我们可以用这句话问暂时住在中国的外国人。
（4） How long have you lived here? 你在这儿住了多久了？这儿的现在完成时态也是强调过去发生的动作与现在的联系，但是它另外还有一个特点，那就是有一种长期性。
比如我们可以用这句话问一位长期定居在某地的人。
2)现在完成进行时态不仅可以表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，还可以表示动作延续下去；而现在完成时态的动作是否能够延续下去则取决于上下文。
例句：（1） Who's been drinking my beer? 谁一直在喝我的啤酒？这句中的现在完成进行时态表示动作还在延续下去。
现在完成时的基本形式
现在完成时的基本形式全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：现在完成时是英语中一种时态，用来表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在造成的影响或结果。
现在完成时的基本形式由助动词“have/has”和动词的过去分词构成。
现在完成时的基本形式可以用来描述已经完成的动作或事件，强调的是过去的行为对现在的影响或结果。
“I have finished my homework”（我已经完成了我的作业）表示我过去已经完成了作业，现在的结果是我的作业已经做好了。
在现在完成时的句子结构中，助动词“have/has”根据主语的人称变化。
当主语是第一人称单数（I）时，使用“have”，而当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）时，使用“has”。
“She has visited China three times”（她已经去过中国三次）。
现在完成时的句子中还有一个重要的要素就是动词的过去分词形式。
动词的过去分词通常是动词的第三人称单数，比如“visit”的过去分词形式是“visited”。
所以在构成现在完成时的句子时，主要是根据动词的过去分词形式来确定动作或事件的完成状态。
除了表示已经完成的动作或事件，现在完成时也可以用来描述经验、经历或状态的持续。
“I have lived in this city for five years”（我在这个城市已经住了五年）表示我在这个城市已经居住了五年，强调的是持续的状态。
在英语语法中，现在完成时通常和表示一段时间的状语连用，比如“for”和“since”。
当提到一段时间内的动作或事件时，可以用“for”来表示时间段的长短，比如“I have studied English for ten ye ars”（我已经学习英语十年了）；而当提到从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或事件时，可以用“since”来表示起始时间点，比如“She has been working in this company since 2010”（她从2010年开始在这家公司工作）。
英语语法-完成时
完成时现在完成时(一)：开始于过去的动作一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续。
谓语动词为延续性动词 I have lived here for 3 years. 我仍然住在这里，而且还可能继续住下去。
如果在搬家时说这句话，则live这件事只持续到目前为止。
The teacher has taught in this school since I came here.I’ve worked in this company since I left school.since表明了动作开始的时间点。
有上下问明确告知，动作只持续到说话的时刻为止。
a. A: Have you waited long?B: I’ve waited for three hours.b. I’ve waited for him all day; I don’t want to wait any longer.特点：1. 谓语动词为延续性动词2. 动作的发生时间是过去，持续到现在，还可能继续持续下去。
3. 常常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，是说明某个状态持续了多久。
与现在完成时搭配的时间状语1. since + 时间点a. I’ve worked in thiss company since 1980b. I’ve worked in this company since I left school. (从句中一般过去时)2. for + 时间段a. I’ve worked in this company for three years.b. Great changes have taken place in Beijing for the past few years.3. 到目前为止：until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far.a. We have up until now failed to take any action to decide on a common language that would further communication between nations.4. 在最近几世纪/年/月以来：in the past few years, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history.a. Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, for the very nature of life includes death.b. Through centuries the bizarre anticss of sleepwalkers have puzzled police, perplexed scientists anad fascinated writers.现在完成时(二)：过去发生但与现在仍有联系的动作或状态a. He has broken his leg. 他现在还在医院，所以不能和同学一起郊游。
初中英语语法现在完成时精讲PPT
since and for
The woman has worked at this school for 2 years.( since two years ago)
4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语 连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:
Have you ever been to Beijing？ I have never heard of Bunny. I have used this pen only three times. George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
__f_o_r __two days
__s_in_c_e__1997
__si_n_ce__yesterday
__fo_r___two weeks
afternoon
___s_in_c_e _three years
__si_n_ce__I came here ago
__si_n_ce__last Sunday __s_in_c_e__ last month
for + 时间段 for 2 years/a long time
since+时间点 since 2 years ago
since 1998 since she came to the school)
一、用for和since填空。
(完整版)英语完成时态语法讲解专题
过去完成时态（一）定义：①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续。
发生在前的那个动作【过去的过去】（二）基本结构：主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done)①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词.②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词.③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词?肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,主语+had not .④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词（三）用法：（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。
即“过去的过去”。
可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。
例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。
例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。
例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。
高中英语语法之现在完成时
现在完成时讲解一、基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）二、用法1）现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2）现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。
这里的动词要用持续性动词。
常与for （+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用.Mary has been ill for three days.Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, latel y等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。
10个现在完成时的句子及用法
10个现在完成时的句子及用法相信很多人从小学开始接触英语到现在，最烦恼的就是英语语法学不好，今天在这里为大家介绍10个现在完成时的句子，欢迎大家阅读!1. He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。
2. Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗?3. He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。
4. I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
5. I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
6.We haven't met since then.自那以后我们再没见过。
7.Has your father gone to America? 你的父亲去过美国吗?8.Tom has skated for five hours.TOM已经滑冰五个小时了。
9.I have read a book these days.这几天我一直在看一本书。
10.Have you had your lunch yet?你已经吃过午饭了吗?英语现在完成时的句子篇二现在完成时用法总结现在完成时常与for+一段时间，或since+过去时间点/一般过去时态的从句连用。
在表达一个在过去开始而现在仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作时，某些动词既可以用现在完成时，也可以用现在完成进行时。
这样的动词有expect，hope，learn，lie，live，look，rain，sleep，sit，snow，stand，stay，study，teach，wait，want，work等.How long have you learnt English?你学习英语多久了?How long have you been learning English?(译文同上。
英语语法现在完成时考点用法规律总结
英语语法现在完成时考点用法规律总结现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）是英语语法中的一种时态，表示过去发生的动作或经历对现在产生的影响或结果。
在学习和运用现在完成时时，我们需要注意以下几个考点和用法规律。
一、构成方式现在完成时的构成方式为“have/has + 过去分词”，其中，have用于第一人称（I, we）和第二人称（you），has用于第三人称单数（he, she, it）和单数名词。
过去分词可根据动词的规则和不规则变化相应地构成。
例如：1. I have studied English for five years.2. She has written three novels.3. We have visited Paris before.二、表示经验和对现在的影响现在完成时常用于表示个人的经验、对现在的影响或已完成的动作对当前状况的影响。
例如：1. I have been to Japan. （表示有过去的经历）2. He has lost his keys. （表示他丢了钥匙，目前无法找到）3. They have finished their homework. （表示他们已经完成了作业，现在可以做其他事情）三、表示到目前为止的动作或状态现在完成时还常用于表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续至今的动作或状态。
例如：1. I have lived in this city since 2005. （表示从2005年到现在一直生活在这个城市）2. She has worked for this company for 10 years. （表示她已经在这家公司工作了10年）3. They have known each other since childhood. （表示他们从小就认识彼此）四、表示刚刚发生的动作现在完成时也可以用于表示刚刚发生的动作，此时常与just, recently等表示时间的副词连用。
10个现在完成时的句子及用法
【导语】相信很多⼈从⼩学开始接触英语到现在，最烦恼的就是英语语法学不好，今天®⽆忧考⽹在这⾥为⼤家介绍10个现在完成时的句⼦，欢迎⼤家阅读!
【篇⼀】10个现在完成时的句⼦
1. He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。
2. Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗?
3. He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来，他⼀直住在这⼉。
4. I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
5. I have heard nothing from him up to now.到⽬前为⽌我没有他的任何消息。
6.We haven't met since then.⾃那以后我们再没见过。
7.Has your father gone to America? 你的⽗亲去过美国吗?
8.Tom has skated for five hours.TOM已经滑冰五个⼩时了。
9.I have read a book these days.这⼏天我⼀直在看⼀本书。
10.Have you had your lunch yet?你已经吃过午饭了吗?。
(完整版)初中英语现在完成时语法总结
一、Topic:现在完成时
二、lead in:一般现在时（经常性动作或状态；客观事实或真理）
现在进行时（正在进行的动作或持续的状态）
一般过去时（过去发生的,或过去经常性动作,回忆过去）
过去进行时（过去正在发生的动作或状态）
一般将来时（将来动作,将来经常性动作,打算或即将发生的动作/状态）
2.（2016选词填空）Al.o.u.hav.passe.th.exam.Ho.happ.w.are!
3.(2015选词填空)—Where are you going on vacation this summer?
-- Ihaven’t plannedit yet.
[already与yet的用法: already常用语肯定句中,在助动词have/has之后；yet常用于疑问句、否定句中,句末位置。含already的陈述句变为疑问句或否定句时,already改为yet,放句末。]
六、附录:延续性动词转换标
Borrow--keep
Buy—have
Catch a cold—have a cold
Put on--wear
Get toknow--know
Get to sleep--sleep
Begin/start—be on
Go out—be out
Get to/arrive in/reach—be (in)
1.I___.alread.___.(see.th.film.._______.(s.week.
2.____.h.___.(finish.hi.wor.today.No.yet.
3.M.fathe.___.jus.___.(come.bac.fro.work.H.i.tire.now.
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完成时篇（一）——现在完成时[提问] 请问在句子“Working in London has been the best decision I have made so far. （Experiencing English Integrated Book1 Page71）”中，为什么时间状语是完成时的情况下，主句仍然可以使用现在完成时呢？答：完成时态通常表示已完成或已经开始从事的动作，它可以分为现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时以及完成进行时。
根据定义我们可以了解到，除了表示到现在为止动作已经完成或已经开始以外，还有多种情况可以用现在完成时来表达。
一、动作从过去某个时间开始发生，延续到现在，并且说话前已经完成。
例如：The mission has been carried out well.任务已经很好地完成了。
Those girls have eaten two big cakes.女孩们已经吃了两个蛋糕了。
二、某个动作或状态发生在过去，持续并影响现在，有可能会继续保持下去。
例如：My brother has been abroad for several years.我哥哥已经出国好几年了。
It has rained all morning.雨下了一个早晨。
Up to now, parents have accepted the pop music youths prefer to.现在，家长们已经接受了年轻人喜欢的流行音乐。
I have known him since the summer in 2001.自2001年的那个夏天，我就认识他了。
三、动作发生在现在之前的某个时间，可能是多次动作的集合，也表示习惯性的动作或状态。
例如：Xiao Qin has come over here three times in the daytime.白天小覃已经来过三次了。
Which countries have you traveled recently?最近你都去过那些国家？How many papers have you read today? 你今天看了几篇论文？四、动作过去曾发生过一次或多次，也可能是一种经历。
例如：Students are very pride that the president has once visited their school.学生们为总统曾访问过他们学校而骄傲。
Accidents like this have happened more than 20 times these years.这几年此类事故发生不下20起。
在现在完成时态的句子中，常伴随的时间状语有：already，yet，ever，never，just，before，lately，recently，till/until，always，now，since，today;in past years，all morning，all one’s life，up to now，these days，this week/month/year，for a long time。
现在完成时中有几点语法点要注意的：1）for引出的时间状语只能修饰表示延续性动作的动词。
不能用来修饰表示瞬间、短暂动作或位置转移的动词。
如John has come to China for three years，此句错误，come这个动作是短暂性动词，不可能持续发生，因此可改为John has been in China for three years，约翰已经爱中国生活了3年。
短暂性动词有appear, begin，borrow，buy，come，close，die，fall，find，finish，join，kill，leave，lend，lose，see，start，stop。
2）在表示时间或条件的状语从句可以用现在完成时表示将来完成的动作。
例如：He will not quit my job until his parents have permitted.父母允许后他才会辞职。
I will arrive at 6 o’clock if the car h as been prepared then.如果到时车准备好了，我能在6点到达。
3）It is the first/second time that…这个结构中，that从句要用现在完成时。
例如：It is the first time that I have heard of his deeds.这是我第一次听说他的事迹。
Is the second time you have visited China? 这是你第二次来中国了吧？4）This is the 最高级that…这个结构中，that从句用现在完成时。
例如：This is the best way that we have tried to solve the problem.这是我们试过的解决问题的最好方法。
Do you think this is the most delicious food that we once have had? 你不觉得这是我们吃过的最美味的食物吗？提问中的句子Working in London has been the best decision I have made so far，包含了一个that 从句：the best decision (that) I have made so far, 该句符合完成时语法点中“the 最高级that…结构，that从句用现在完成时，同时so far为标志性的时间状语，表示迄今为止做所作的决定中最好的。
主句动词为has been，以现在、目前为时间状语，表示到说话者当下的时间之前一直在持续的动作，符合前面所述第二种情况，意思是已经成为。
全句意为：“在伦敦工作是我迄今为止所做的最好的决定。
”完成时篇——过去完成时（二）[提问]请问下面这个句子“…what would have happened if she had not been there. （Experiencing English Integrated Book1 Page56）”属于什么时态？怎样翻译成中文？答：这是一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句，时态属于过去完成时。
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的内容并不是事实，而是一种假设或推测，分为现在时虚拟语气和过去时虚拟语气。
该句子因为叙述的内容与过去事实相反，符合过去时虚拟语气中非真实条件句结构：(与过去事实相反)—if+过去完成时, would(should, could, might)+ have+过去分词。
因此主句if she had not been there(如果没有她)，从句what would have happened（会发生什么事情），全句意为：如果她不在这儿，不知道会发生些什么。
例如：The fish would not have been burnt if you had told me. 要是你告诉我，鱼就不会糊了。
Would the little girl have hurt herse lf if her mother hadn’t left her alone?要不是她妈妈把她一个人留下了，小女孩会弄伤自己吗？主句中过去完成时表示到过去某一时刻动作已经完成，或持续到过去某一时刻的动作或状态，其结构是：had+p p (过去分词)。
句中常出现：before，after，once，by，until，when，as soon as用来引导时间状语。
例如：All of us hadn’t cried for even a drop of tear until the final depar ture came up.大家都忍着不流一滴眼泪，直到那最终的离别到来。
He deeply realized the love in his soul only after she had left.只有当她离开以后，他才深深地意识到自己心中的爱。
过去完成时的用法中要注意：1）在no sooner…than…和hardly/scarcely…when…结构中，主句的谓语动词多用完成时。
例如: Mum had scarcely rested when she began to cook for us.妈妈还没休息就又开始给我们做饭了。
Many graduators had no sooner received new jobs than quit because of dissatisfaction with the salary.许多毕业生找了新工作不久就会因为不满意薪酬而辞职。
如果否定词出现在句首，主句的主谓要注意倒装。
例如：Hardly had you celebrated for this success when the next task came. 还没等庆祝成功，新任务就下来了。
No sooner had I bought a new dictionary than it was stolen. 我刚买了本新字典就被偷了。
2）在主从复合句中，如果主句的谓语动词用过去时，其后的宾语从句谓语的动作是先发生的，常用过去完成时。
例如：John was warned that he had made the same mistake for several times.约翰被警告说同样的错误他已经犯过多次了。
They clearly remembered what crime the guy had committed.他们清晰地记得那家伙犯下的罪。
3）在“It was the first time that…”结构中，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。
例如：It was the first time that we tried French food.那是我们第一次吃法国菜。
It was the second time that I had been in such a dilemma in my life.这是我人生中第二次陷入这样的两难之境。
4）过去完成时和before连用，表示“还没……就……”。
例如：He rushed out before I had finished all my words.我话还没有说完，他就冲出去了。
Girls put on colorful summer dresses before the spring had completely gone.春天还完全没有离去，女孩子们就都换上了五彩缤纷的夏装。