H3C关于组播配置示例
华三命令配置
华三命令配置显示组播：dis pim rp-info 选举信息Dis pim bsr-info 区域信息Dis multicast routing-table 组播表项Language-mode Chinese 中文模式显示系统版本信息：display version显示诊断信息：display diagnostic-information显示系统当前配置：display current-configuration显示系统保存配置：display saved-configuration显示接口信息：display interface显示路由信息：display ip routing-table显示VLAN 信息：display vlan显示生成树信息：display stp显示MAC 地址表：display mac-address显示ARP表信息：display arp显示系统CPU使用率：display cpu显示系统内存使用率：display memory显示系统日志：display log显示系统时钟：display clock验证配置正确后，使用保存配置命令：save删除某条命令，一般使用命令：undosys进入到系统视图Enter system view, return to user view with Ctrl+Z.[Quidway]user-interface aux 0[Quidway-ui-aux0]authentication-mode schemeNotice: Telnet or SSH user must be added , otherwise operator cant login! [Quidway-ui-aux0]qu[Quidway]local-user huawei 增加用户名New local user added.[Quidway-luser-huawei]password simple huawei 配置密码，且密码不加密[Quidway-luser-huawei]service-type telnet ssh level 3服务类型为SSH和telnet，且用户登陆后权限为管理员权限[Quidway-luser-huawei]qu[Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode schemeNotice: Telnet or SSH user must be added , otherwise operator cant login! [Quidway-ui-vty0-4]<Quidway>save华为QuidWay交换机配置命令手册:1、开始建立本地配置环境，将主机的串口通过配置电缆与以太网交换机的Console 口连接。
h3c链路聚合配置及实例
1 以太网链路聚合配置任务简介表1-5 以太网链路聚合配置任务简介配置任务说明详细配置配置聚合组配置静态聚合组二者必选其一1.3.1 配置动态聚合组 1.3.2聚合接口相关配置配置聚合接口的描述信息可选 1.4.1 配置三层聚合接口MTU 可选 1.4.2 配置处理或转发三层聚合接口流量的业务处理板可选 1.4.3 开启聚合接口链路状态变化Trap功能可选 1.4.4 限制聚合组内选中端口的数量可选 1.4.5 关闭聚合接口可选 1.4.6 恢复聚合接口的缺省配置可选 1.4.7配置聚合负载分担配置聚合负载分担类型可选 1.5.1配置聚合负载分担为本地转发优先可选 1.5.2 配置聚合流量重定向功能可选 1.6 2 1.3 配置聚合组请根据需要聚合的以太网接口类型来配置相应类型的聚合组：当需要聚合的是二层以太网接口时，请配置二层聚合组；当需要聚合的是三层以太网接口时，请配置三层聚合组。
聚合链路的两端应配置相同的聚合模式。
●配置或使能了下列功能的端口将不能加入二层聚合组：RRPP（请参见“可靠性配置指导/RRPP”）、MAC地址认证（请参见“安全配置指导/MAC地址认证”）、端口安全模式（请参见“安全配置指导/端口安全”）、报文过滤功能（请参见“安全配置指导/防火墙”）、以太网帧过滤功能（请参见“安全配置指导/防火墙”）、IP Source Guard功能（请参见“安全配置指导/IP Source Guard”）、802.1X功能（请参见“安全配置指导/802.1X”）以及Portal免认证规则源接口（请参见“安全配置指导/Portal”）。
●配置或使能了下列功能的接口将不能加入三层聚合组：IP地址（请参见“三层技术-IP业务配置指导/IP地址”）、DHCP客户端（请参见“三层技术-IP业务配置指导/DHCP”）、BOOTP客户端（请参见“三层技术-IP业务配置指导/DHCP”）、VRRP功能（请参见“可靠性配置指导/VRRP”）和Portal功能（请参见“安全配置指导/Portal”）。
H3C配置命令17-组播协议命令
第 3 章 添加组播MAC地址配置命令 ........................................................................................3-1 3.1 添加组播MAC地址配置命令............................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 display mac-address multicast ................................................................................ 3-1 3.1.2 mac-address multicast interface ............................................................................. 3-1
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H3C S7500 系列以太网交换机 命令手册 组播协议
目录
4.1.1 display igmp group .................................................................................................. 4-1 4.1.2 display igmp interface ............................................................................................. 4-2 4.1.3 igmp enable............................................................................................................. 4-3 4.1.4 igmp group-limit....................................................................................................... 4-4 4.1.5 igmp group-policy .................................................................................................... 4-5 4.1.6 igmp group-policy vlan ............................................................................................ 4-6 4.1.7 igmp host-join port................................................................................................... 4-7 4.1.8 igmp host-join vlan .................................................................................................. 4-8 4.1.9 igmp lastmember-queryinterval............................................................................... 4-8 4.1.10 igmp max-response-time....................................................................................... 4-9 4.1.11 igmp proxy........................................................................................................... 4-10 4.1.12 igmp report-aggregation...................................................................................... 4-11 4.1.13 igmp robust-count ............................................................................................... 4-12 4.1.14 igmp timer other-querier-present......................................................................... 4-13 4.1.15 igmp timer query.................................................................................................. 4-14 4.1.16 igmp version ........................................................................................................ 4-14 4.1.17 reset igmp group ................................................................................................. 4-15
h3c中低端路由器配置手册07-操作手册-组播
目录第1章 IP组播简介.............................................................................................................1-11.1 IP组播简介...............................................................................................................1-11.1.1 IP组播地址.....................................................................................................1-11.1.2 IP组播特性.....................................................................................................1-31.1.3 IP组播路由协议...............................................................................................1-31.1.4 IP组播报文转发...............................................................................................1-51.1.5 IP组播应用.....................................................................................................1-5第2章 IGMP配置...............................................................................................................2-12.1 IGMP简介.................................................................................................................2-12.2 IGMP的配置.............................................................................................................2-22.2.1 使能组播路由..................................................................................................2-22.2.2 配置路由器接口成为组成员..............................................................................2-22.2.3 控制路由器接收哪些组播组加入.......................................................................2-32.2.4 配置路由器接口运行IGMP的版本号................................................................2-32.2.5 配置IGMP主机发送查询报文的时间间隔..........................................................2-42.2.6 配置IGMP最大查询响应时间..........................................................................2-42.2.7 配置子网Querier的存活时间...........................................................................2-52.3 IGMP的显示和调试...................................................................................................2-5第3章 PIM-DM配置...........................................................................................................3-13.1 PIM-DM简介.............................................................................................................3-13.2 PIM-DM的配置.........................................................................................................3-23.2.1 使能组播路由..................................................................................................3-23.2.2 启动PIM-DM协议...........................................................................................3-33.2.3 配置接口发送Hello报文的间隔时间.................................................................3-33.3 PIM-DM的显示和调试...............................................................................................3-33.4 PIM-DM典型配置举例...............................................................................................3-4第4章 PIM-SM配置...........................................................................................................4-14.1 PIM-SM简介.............................................................................................................4-14.2 PIM-SM的配置..........................................................................................................4-24.2.1 使能组播路由..................................................................................................4-24.2.2 启动PIM-SM协议...........................................................................................4-34.2.3 配置候选BSR.................................................................................................4-34.2.4 配置候选RP...................................................................................................4-44.2.5 配置PIM-SM域边界........................................................................................4-54.2.6 配置接口发送Hello报文的时间间隔.................................................................4-54.2.7 配置从共享树切换到源最短路径树的阈值..........................................................4-6 4.3 PIM-SM的显示和调试................................................................................................4-6 4.4 PIM-SM典型配置举例................................................................................................4-7 4.5 PIM-SM常见故障的诊断与排除..................................................................................4-9第1章 IP组播简介1.1 IP组播简介 当信息（包括数据、语音和视频）传送的目的地址是网络中少数用户时，可以采用多种传送方式，如可采用单播（Unicast）的方式，即为每个用户单独建立一条数据传送通路；或者采用广播（Broadcast）的方式，把信息传送给网络中的所有用户，不管他们是否需要，都会接收到广播来的信息。
[史上最详细]H3C路由器NAT典型配置案例
![[史上最详细]H3C路由器NAT典型配置案例](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/882e4d6942323968011ca300a6c30c225801f060.png)
H3C路由器NAT典型配置案列（史上最详细）神马CCIE，H3CIE,HCIE等网络工程师日常实施运维必备，你懂的。
1.11 NAT典型配置举例1.11.1 内网用户通过NAT地址访问外网（静态地址转换）1. 组网需求内部网络用户10.110.10.8/24使用外网地址202.38.1.100访问Internet。
2. 组网图图1-5 静态地址转换典型配置组网图3. 配置步骤# 按照组网图配置各接口的IP地址，具体配置过程略。
# 配置内网IP地址10.110.10.8到外网地址202.38.1.100之间的一对一静态地址转换映射。
<Router> system-view[Router] nat static outbound 10.110.10.8 202.38.1.100# 使配置的静态地址转换在接口GigabitEthernet1/2上生效。
[Router] interface gigabitethernet 1/2[Router-GigabitEthernet1/2] nat static enable[Router-GigabitEthernet1/2] quit4. 验证配置# 以上配置完成后，内网主机可以访问外网服务器。
通过查看如下显示信息，可以验证以上配置成功。
[Router] display nat staticStatic NAT mappings:There are 1 outbound static NAT mappings.IP-to-IP:Local IP : 10.110.10.8Global IP : 202.38.1.100Interfaces enabled with static NAT:There are 1 interfaces enabled with static NAT.Interface: GigabitEthernet1/2# 通过以下显示命令，可以看到Host访问某外网服务器时生成NAT会话信息。
H3C IPv6组播路由与转发配置
z 若该报文实际到达的接口正是其 RPF 接口，则 RPF 检查通过，向所有的出接 口转发该报文；
z 若该报文实际到达的接口不是其 RPF 接口，则 RPF 检查失败，丢弃该报文。 (2) 如果 IPv6 组播转发表中已存在（S，G）表项，且该报文实际到达的接口与入
新为 RPF 接口。如果该报文实际到达的接口正是其 RPF 接口，则向所有的出 接口转发该报文，否则将其丢弃。
1-3
操作手册 IP 组播分册 IPv6 组播路由与转发
第 1 章 IPv6 组播路由与转发配置
注意：
在某些型号的设备上，可以配置对RPF检查失败的报文进行特殊处理，而不是简单 地将其丢弃。相关配置请参见“1.3.6 配置RPF检查失败的处理方式”。6 组播路由与转发
第 1 章 IPv6 组播路由与转发配置
本文中标有“请以实际情况为准”的特性描述，表示各型号对于此特性的支持情况 可能不同，本节将对此进行说明。 H3C MSR 系列路由器特性支持情况说明：
特性
MSR 20-1X
配置 RPF 检查失 败的处理方式
接口相匹配，则向所有的出接口转发该报文。 (3) 如果 IPv6 组播转发表中已存在（S，G）表项，但该报文实际到达的接口与入
接口不匹配，则对此报文执行 RPF 检查： z 若其 RPF 接口与入接口一致，则说明（S，G）表项正确，丢弃这个来自错误
路径的报文； z 若其 RPF 接口与入接口不符，则说明（S，G）表项已过时，于是把入接口更
如 图 1-1所示，假设网络中IPv6 单播路由畅通，未配置IPv6 MBGP。IPv6 组播报文 （S，G）沿从组播源（Source）到接收者（Receiver）的SPT进行传输。假定Router C上的IPv6 组播转发表中已存在（S，G）表项，其记录的入接口为POS5/1。
H3C S5500-SI 03-组播VLAN配置
1-4
有关 port link-type、port hybrid pvid vlan 和 port hybrid vlan 命令的详细介绍，请参见“接入 分册”中的“VLAN 命令”。
目录
1 组播VLAN配置................................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 组播VLAN简介 .................................................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 组播VLAN配置任务简介.................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.3 配置基于子VLAN的组播VLAN .......................................................................................................... 1-3 1.3.1 配置准备 ................................................................................................................................. 1-3 1.3.2 配置基于子VLAN的组播VLAN................................................................................................ 1-3 1.4 配置基于端口的组播VLAN ................................................................................................................ 1-4 1.4.1 配置准备 ................................................................................................................................. 1-4 1.4.2 配置用户端口属性................................................................................................................... 1-4 1.4.3 配置组播VLAN端口................................................................................................................. 1-5 1.5 组播VLAN显示和维护 ....................................................................................................................... 1-5 1.6 组播VLAN典型配置举例.................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.6.1 基于子VLAN的组播VLAN配置举例......................................................................................... 1-6 1.6.2 基于端口的组播VLAN配置举例 .............................................................................................. 1-9
H3C_S7500E静态组播MAC地址配置举例
# 配置静态组播 MAC 地址
[SwitchA] mac-address multicast 0100-5e01-0101 interface gigabitethernet 3/0/2 gigabitethernet 3/0/4 vlan 100
3.6 验证配置
# 查看 Switch A 上 VLAN 100 的静态组播 MAC 地址表信息。
# 根据组播IP地址换算成对应的以太网组播MAC地址。IANA规定，IPv4 组播MAC地址的高 24 位为 0x01005E，第 25 位为 0，低 23 位为IPv4 组播地址的低 23 位，所以IPv4 组播地址 224.1.1.1 与 MAC地址的映射关系如 图 2 所示，映射后的组播MAC地址为 0100-5e01-0101。 图2 IPv4 组播地址与 MAC 地址的映射关系
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3.7 配置文件
• Switch A：
# vlan 100 # interface GigabitEthernet3/0/1
port link-mode bridge port access vlan 100 # interface GigabitEthernet3/0/2 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 100 # interface GigabitEthernet3/0/3 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 100 # interface GigabitEthernet3/0/4 port link-mode bridge port access vlan 100 # mac-address multicast 0100-5e01-0101 interface GigabitEthernet3/0/2 GigabitEthernet3/0/4 vlan 100 #
组播路由与转发配置-h3c
1 组播路由与转发配置 .......................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 组播路由与转发简介.......................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 RPF检查机制 .......................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.2 组播静态路由 .......................................................................................................................... 1-3 1.1.3 GRE隧道在组播转发中的应用 ................................................................................................ 1-4 1.1.4 组播路径跟踪 .......................................................................................................................... 1-5 1.2 组播路由与转发配置任务简介 ........................................................................................................... 1-6 1.3 配置组播路由与转发.......................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.3.1 配置准备 ................................................................................................................................. 1-6 1.3.2 使能IP组播路由....................................................................................................................... 1-6 1.3.3 配置组播静态路由................................................................................................................... 1-7 1.3.4 配置组播路由策略................................................................................................................... 1-8 1.3.5 配置组播转发范围................................................................................................................... 1-8 1.3.6 配置组播转发表容量 ............................................................................................................... 1-9 1.3.7 跟踪组播数据的传输路径........................................................................................................ 1-9 1.4 组播路由与转发显示和维护............................................................................................................. 1-10 1.5 组播路由与转发典型配置举例 ......................................................................................................... 1-11 1.5.1 改变RPF路由配置举例 ......................................................................................................... 1-11 1.5.2 衔接RPF路由配置举例 ......................................................................................................... 1-13 1.6 常见配置错误举例 ........................................................................................................................... 1-15 1.6.1 组播静态路由失败................................................................................................................. 1-15
华为H3C07-命令手册-组播
目录第1章 IGMP配置命令............................................................................................................1-11.1 IGMP配置命令...................................................................................................................1-11.1.1 debugging igmp.......................................................................................................1-11.1.2 display igmp group..................................................................................................1-11.1.3 display igmp interface.............................................................................................1-21.1.4 igmp group-policy....................................................................................................1-31.1.5 igmp host-join..........................................................................................................1-41.1.6 igmp max-response-time.........................................................................................1-51.1.7 igmp timer querier-present......................................................................................1-61.1.8 igmp timer query......................................................................................................1-71.1.9 igmp version............................................................................................................1-71.1.10 multicast routing-enable........................................................................................1-8第2章 PIM-DM/SM协议配置命令..........................................................................................2-12.1 PIM-DM/SM协议配置命令.................................................................................................2-12.1.1 c-bsr........................................................................................................................2-12.1.2 c-rp..........................................................................................................................2-22.1.3 debugging multicast forwarding..............................................................................2-32.1.4 debugging multicast kernel-routing.........................................................................2-42.1.5 debugging pim common..........................................................................................2-42.1.6 debugging pim dm...................................................................................................2-52.1.7 debugging pim sm...................................................................................................2-62.1.8 display multicast forwarding-table...........................................................................2-72.1.9 display multicast routing-table.................................................................................2-82.1.10 display pim bsr-info...............................................................................................2-92.1.11 display pim interface...........................................................................................2-102.1.12 display pim neighbor...........................................................................................2-112.1.13 display pim routing-table.....................................................................................2-122.1.14 display pim rp-info...............................................................................................2-132.1.15 pim.......................................................................................................................2-142.1.16 pim bsr-boundary................................................................................................2-152.1.17 pim dm.................................................................................................................2-152.1.18 pim sm.................................................................................................................2-162.1.19 pim timer hello.....................................................................................................2-172.1.20 spt-switch-threshold............................................................................................2-18第1章 IGMP配置命令1.1 IGMP配置命令1.1.1 debugging igmp【命令】debugging igmp { all | event | host | packet | timer }【视图】所有视图【参数】all：表示打开所有IGMP调试信息开关。
H3C S5500-SI 02-组播VLAN命令
<Sysname> system-view [Sysname] multicast-vlan 100 [Sysname-mvlan-100] port gigabitethernet1/0/1 to gigabitethernet1/0/5
1.1.4 port multicast-vlan
【命令】 port multicast-vlan vlan-id undo port multicast-vlan
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1 组播 VLAN 配置命令
1.1 组播 VLAN 配置命令
1.1.1 display multicast-vlan
【命令】 display multicast-vlan [ vlan-id ]
【视图】 任意视图
【缺省级别】 1：监控级
【参数】 vlan-id：查看指定组播 VLAN 的信息，取值范围为 1～4094。如果不指定该参数，将 ........................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 组播VLAN配置命令 ........................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1.1 display multicast-vlan ............................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1.2 multicast-vlan.......................................................................................................................... 1-2 1.1.3 port (Multicast-VLAN view)..................................................................................................... 1-2 1.1.4 port multicast-vlan .................................................................................................................. 1-3 1.1.5 subvlan (Multicast-VLAN view)............................................................................................... 1-4
S5130系列交换机IP组播命令参考
H3C S5130-HI 系列以太网交换机IP 组播命令参考前言H3C S5130-HI 系列以太网交换机命令参考主要针对S5130-HI 系列交换机Release 1111 软件版本支持的命令进行了介绍。
《IP 组播命令参考》主要介绍组播相关命令，包括IPv4 组播业务配置命令及IPv6 组播业务配置命令。
利用这些组播命令，可以实现网络中点到多点的高效数据传送。
前言部分包含如下内容：∙读者对象∙本书约定∙产品配套资料∙资料获取方式∙技术支持∙资料意见反馈读者对象本手册主要适用于如下工程师：∙网络规划人员∙现场技术支持与维护人员∙负责网络配置和维护的网络管理员本书约定1. 命令行格式约定2. 图形界面格式约定3. 各类标志本书还采用各种醒目标志来表示在操作过程中应该特别注意的地方，这些标志的意义如下：4. 图标约定本书使用的图标及其含义如下：5. 端口编号示例约定本手册中出现的端口编号仅作示例，并不代表设备上实际具有此编号的端口，实际使用中请以设备上存在的端口编号为准。
产品配套资料H3C S5130-HI 系列以太网交换机的配套资料包括如下部分：目录1 IGMP Snooping ············································································································· 1-11.1 IGMP Snooping配置命令·······························1-11.1.1 display igmp-snooping ························································································1-11.1.2 display igmp-snooping group ················································································1-31.1.3 display igmp-snooping router-port ·········································································1-41.1.4 display igmp-snooping static-group ········································································1-51.1.5 display igmp-snooping static-router-port··································································1-61.1.6 display igmp-snooping statistics ············································································1-71.1.7 display l2-multicast ip··························································································1-81.1.8 display l2-multicast ip forwarding ···········································································1-91.1.9 display l2-multicast mac ···················································································· 1-101.1.10 display l2-multicast mac forwarding ···································································· 1-111.1.11 enable (IGMP-Snooping view) ·········································································· 1-121.1.12 entry-limit (IGMP-Snooping view) ······································································ 1-131.1.13 fast-leave (IGMP-Snooping view) ······································································ 1-141.1.14 group-policy (IGMP-Snooping view) ··································································· 1-141.1.15 host-aging-time (IGMP-Snooping view) ······························································· 1-151.1.16 igmp-snooping······························································································· 1-161.1.17 igmp-snooping drop-unknown ··········································································· 1-171.1.18 igmp-snooping enable ····················································································· 1-171.1.19 igmp-snooping fast-leave ················································································· 1-181.1.20 igmp-snooping general-query source-ip ······························································ 1-191.1.21 igmp-snooping group-limit ················································································ 1-201.1.22 igmp-snooping group-policy·············································································· 1-201.1.23 igmp-snooping host-aging-time ········································································· 1-221.1.24 igmp-snooping host-join ·················································································· 1-221.1.25 igmp-snooping last-member-query-interval ·························································· 1-231.1.26 igmp-snooping leave source-ip ·········································································· 1-241.1.27 igmp-snooping max-response-time ···································································· 1-251.1.28 igmp-snooping overflow-replace ········································································ 1-261.1.29 igmp-snooping querier ···················································································· 1-271.1.30 igmp-snooping query-interval ············································································ 1-281.1.31 igmp-snooping report source-ip ········································································· 1-28i1.1.32 igmp-snooping router-aging-time ······································································· 1-29 1.1.33 igmp-snooping source-deny ············································································· 1-30 1.1.34 igmp-snooping special-query source-ip ······························································· 1-31 1.1.35 igmp-snooping static-group ·············································································· 1-32 1.1.36 igmp-snooping static-router-port ········································································ 1-32 1.1.37 igmp-snooping version ···················································································· 1-33 1.1.38 last-member-query-interval (IGMP-Snooping view) ················································ 1-34 1.1.39 max-response-time (IGMP-Snooping view) ·························································· 1-35 1.1.40 overflow-replace (IGMP-Snooping view)······························································ 1-35 1.1.41 report-aggregation (IGMP-Snooping view) ··························································· 1-36 1.1.42 reset igmp-snooping group ··············································································· 1-37 1.1.43 reset igmp-snooping router-port ········································································ 1-37 1.1.44 reset igmp-snooping statistics ··········································································· 1-38 1.1.45 router-aging-time (IGMP-Snooping view) ····························································· 1-38 1.1.46 source-deny (IGMP-Snooping view) ··································································· 1-39 1.1.47 version (IGMP-Snooping view) ·········································································· 1-40ii1IGMP Snooping1.1 IGMP Snooping配置命令1.1.1 display igmp-snoopingdisplay igmp-snooping 命令用来显示IGMP Snooping 的状态信息。
[配置实例]三层交换机组播配置实例
![[配置实例]三层交换机组播配置实例](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/9f3685c277eeaeaad1f34693daef5ef7ba0d128d.png)
[配置实例]三层交换机组播配置实例「配置环境参数」 1. 组播服务器地址为192.168.0.10/24，⽹关为192.168.0.1/24 2. 三层交换机SwitchA通过上⾏⼝G1/1连接组播服务器，交换机连接组播服务器接⼝interface vlan 100，地址为192.168.0.1.3. vlan10和vlan20下挂两个⼆层交换机SwitchB和SwitchC，地址为10.10.10.1/24和10.10.20.1/24. 「组⽹需求」 1：在SwitchA、SwitchB和SwitchC上运⾏组播协议，要求L3上配置为IP PIM-SM模式 2：数据配置步骤「PIM-SM数据流程」 PIM-SM（Protocol Independent Multicast，Sparse Mode）即与协议⽆关的组播稀疏模式，属于稀疏模式的组播路由协议。
PIM-SM主要⽤于组成员分布相对分散、范围较⼴、⼤规模的⽹络。
与密集模式的扩散？剪枝不同，PIM-SM协议假定所有的主机都不需要接收组播数据包，只有主机明确指定需要时，PIM-SM路由器才向它转发组播数据包。
PIM-SM协议中，通过设置汇聚点RP（Rendezvous Point）和⾃举路由器BSR（Bootstrap Router），向所有PIM-SM路由器通告组播信息，并利⽤路由器的加⼊/剪枝信息，建⽴起基于RP的共享树RPT（RP-rooted shared tree）。
从⽽减少了数据报⽂和控制报⽂占⽤的⽹络带宽，降低路由器的处理开销。
组播数据沿着共享树流到该组播组成员所在的⽹段，当数据流量达到⼀定程度，组播数据流可以切换到基于源的最短路径树SPT，以减少⽹络延迟。
PIM-SM不依赖于特定的单播路由协议，⽽是使⽤现存的单播路由表进⾏RPF检查。
运⾏PIM-SM协议，需要配置候选RP和BSR，BSR负责收集候选RP发来的信息，并把它们⼴播出去。
H3C基本配置(时钟、NTP、日志、欢迎信息)
Quidway、H3C基本配置（时钟、NTP、日志、欢迎信息）一、配置设备时间：系统时间和日期：clock datetime time date系统所在的时区：clock timezone zone-name { add | minus } time二、NTP配置：2.1配置NTP服务器/客户端模式配置设备为NTP时钟源：ntp-service refclock-master 2配置NTP客户端：ntp-service unicast-server1."0.1."112.2配置NTP广播模式配置设备为NTP时钟源：ntp-service refclock-master 2配置设备接口为广播服务器：配置设备接口为广播客户端：3.3配置NTP组播模式配置设备为NTP时钟源：ntp-service refclock-master 2配置设备接口为组播服务器：配置设备接口为组播客户端：三、日志信息配置配置日志时间截：timestamp sysname module/level/digest:content开启信息中心（实为日志）：info-center enable设置信息中心时间戳输出格式：info-center timestamp { log | trap | debugging } { boot | date |none } 指定向日志主机输出日志信息的通道：info-center loghost1."2.0."1 channel loghostIP地址为1."2.0."1/16的主机用作日志主机，设置信息级别为informational，输出语言为英文，允许输出信息的模块为ARP和IP（注意：允许输出的信息模块由产品决定）。
[Sysname] info-center loghost1."2.0."1 facility local4 language english[Sysname] info-center source arp channel loghost log level informational[Sysname] info-center source ip channel loghost log level informational四、欢迎信息：配置进入用户视图时的欢迎信息（TTY Modem登录方式）：header login text配置登录终端界面前的授权信息：header legal text配置进入用户视图时的欢迎信息（非TTY Modem登录方式）：header shell text配置登录终端界面前的欢迎信息：header motd text。
H3C交换机划分vlan及配置组播
quit
2、限制部分端口加入该组播组。
在超级终端中输入：
//限制端口12加入该组播组
acl number 3001
rule 0 deny ip
quit
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/12
igmp-snooping group-policy 3001 vlan 10
quit
可以通过displaycurrent-configuration来查看当前配置
H3C交换机划分VLAN及配置组播：
一、划分VLAN
1、通过超级终端连接交换机consol口，波特率9600.2、在超级终端中输入:
sys
vlan 10 //划分vlan10
portg1/0/1 to g1/0/20//分配端口1-20
vlan20 //划分vlan20
portg1/0/21 to g1/0/24//分配端口21-24
quit
至此划分vlan完成，其中端口1-20属于vlan10,端口21-24属于vlan20.
可以通过输入：display vlan 10查看vlan10下的端口
二、配置组播
1、开启vlan组播功能。
在超级终端中输入：
sys
igmp-snooping
quit
vlan 10
igmp-snooping enable//开启igmp-snooping功能
H3C交换机_典型配置举例-6W100-组播VLAN典型配置举例
[SwitchA] multicast-vlan 1024 [SwitchA-mvlan-1024] subvlan 2 to 5
(2) 配置 Switch B # 全局使能 IGMP Snooping。
# 创建 VLAN 1024，把端口 GigabitEthernet1/0/1 添加到该 VLAN 中，并在该 VLAN 内使能 IGMP Snooping。
[SwitchA] vlan 1024 [SwitchA-vlan1024] port gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [SwitchA-vlan1024] igmp-snooping enable [SwitchA-vlan1024] quit
i
1 组播VLAN典型配置举例
1.1 简介
本章介绍了使用组播 VLAN 功能减轻三层设备负担的典型配置案例。组播 VLAN 有两种方式的典型 组网： (1) 基于子 VLAN 的组播 VLAN：IGMP Snooping 在用户子 VLAN 中对成员端口进行维护，适用
环境不限。 (2) 基于端口的组播 VLAN：IGMP Snooping 在组播 VLAN 中对成员端口进行维护，适用于组播
1.3.2 组网需求
如 图 1 所示，某二层用户网络通过Switch A与PIM-DM域内的IGMP查询器Router A相连，以接收组 播源Source发送的组播数据报文，用户网络内的每个VLAN中都有相同组播组的接收者（Receiver）。 现要求通过在靠近三层组播路由器的交换机 Switch A 上配置基于子 VLAN 的组播 VLAN 功能，实 现边缘三层组播路由器仅向组播 VLAN 分发组播数据报文，而用户网络内不同 VLAN 内的接收者都 可以接收到该报文的目的，从而节省了三层网络边界带宽，也减轻了边缘三层组播路由器的负担。
三层交换机14-IPv6组播VLAN典型配置举例
#
<SwitchB> system-view [SwitchB] mld-snooping [SwitchB-mld-snooping] quit
#
[SwitchB] vlan 10
[SwitchB-vlan10] mld-snooping enable
[SwitchB-vlan10] quit
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port hybrid vlan 10 20 30 tagged
#
[SwitchA] interface vlan-interface 30
[SwitchA-Vlan-interface30] ipv6 address 2001::1 64 [SwitchA-Vlan-interface30] mld enable
#
[SwitchB] vlan 20
[SwitchB-vlan20] mld-snooping enable [SwitchB-vlan20] quit
#
[SwitchB] vlan 30
[SwitchB-vlan30] mld-snooping enable [SwitchB-vlan30] quit
#
interface Vlan-interface20 ipv6 address 2003::1/64
#
interface Vlan-interface30 ipv6 address 2001::1/64 mld enable
#
interface Vlan-interface40 ipv6 address 1::1/64
#
[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
H3C 组播概述
操作手册 IP组播分册组播概述目录目录第1章组播概述.....................................................................................................................1-11.1 组播简介.............................................................................................................................1-11.1.1 三种信息传输方式的比较.........................................................................................1-11.1.2 组播传输的特点.......................................................................................................1-41.1.3 组播中常用的表示法................................................................................................1-51.1.4 组播的优点和应用....................................................................................................1-51.2 组播模型分类.....................................................................................................................1-61.3 组播框架结构.....................................................................................................................1-71.3.1 组播地址..................................................................................................................1-71.3.2 组播协议................................................................................................................1-111.4 组播报文的转发机制........................................................................................................1-131.5 多实例组播.......................................................................................................................1-131.5.1 多实例简介............................................................................................................1-131.5.2 多实例在组播中的应用..........................................................................................1-14本文中标有“请以实际情况为准”的描述，表示各型号对于此特性的支持情况可能不同，本节将对此进行说明。
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IGMP Snooping是运行在二层设备上的组播约束机制，用于管理和控制组播组。 运行IGMP Snooping的二层设备通过对收到的IGMP报文进行分析，为二层端口 和组播MAC地址的组播点播方式下，当连接在二层设备上、属于不同VLAN的用户分别进行组播点播时，三层组播设备需要向该二层设备的每个VLAN分别发送一份组播数据；而当二层设备运行了组播VLAN之后，三层组播设备只需向该二层设备的组播VLAN发送一份组播数据即可，从而既避免了带宽的浪费，也减轻了三层组播设备的负担。
4.
PIM是Protocol Independent Multicast（协议无关组播）的简称，表示可以利用静态路由或者任意单播路由协议（包括RIP、OSPF、IS-IS、BGP等）所生成的 单播路由表为IP组播提供路由。组播路由与所采用的单播路由协议无关，只要能够通过单播路由协议产生相应的组播路由表项即可。
PIM 借助单播路由表对组播报文进行RPF检查，以实现对组播数据的转发。根据转发机制的不同，PIM分为以下两种模式：
⚫PIM-DM：属于密集模式的组播路由协议，使用“推（Push）模式”传送组
播数据，通常适用于组播组成员相对比较密集的小型网络；
⚫PIM-SM：属于稀疏模式的组播路由协议，使用“拉（Pull）模式”传送组
1.
IGMP 是TCP/IP 协议族中负责IP 组播组成员管理的协议，用来在IP主机和与其 直接相邻的组播路由器之间建立、维护组播组成员关系。
IGMP运行于主机和与主机直连的路由器之间，其实现的功能是双向的：一方面， 主机通过IGMP通知路由器希望接收某个特定组播组的信息；另一方面，路由器通过IGMP周期性地查询局域网内的组播组成员是否处于活动状态，实现所连网段组成员关系的收集与维护。
指定路由器
IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol
互联网组管理协议
MBGP
Multicast Border Gateway Protocol
组播边界网关协议
MP-BGP
MultiProtocol Border Gateway
Protocol
多协议边界网关协议
MSDP
MSDP 就是为了解决多个PIM-SM域之间的互连而开发的一种域间组播解决方案， 用来发现其它PIM-SM域内的组播源信息。它通过在各域的 RP之间建立 MSDP对等体关系，使这些RP可以共享各域内的组播源信息。
尽管MSDP是为域间组播开发的，但它在PIM-SM域内还有着一项特殊的应用——Anycast RP（任播 RP）。Anycast RP是指在同一PIM-SM域内通过设置两个或多 个具有相同地址的RP，并在这些RP 之间建立MSDP对等体关系，以实现域内各RP之间的负载分担和冗余备份。
播数据，通常适用于组播组成员分布相对分散、范围较广的大中型网络。
5.
在基本的PIM-SM模式下，组播源只向本 PIM-SM域内的 RP注册，且各域的组播源信息是相互隔离的，因此RP仅知道本域内的组播源信息，只能在本域内建立组播分发树。如果能够有一种机制，使不同域内的RP共享其组播源信息，就可以实现组播数据的跨域传输。
协议无关组播—稀疏模
式
RP
Rendezvous Point
汇集点
RPF
Reverse Path Forwarding
逆向路径转发
RPT
Rendezvous Point Tree
共享树
SPT
Shortest Path Tree
最短路径树
SSM
Source-Specific Multicast
指定信源组播
1特性简介
2应用场合
3域内二、三层组播配置举例
3.1组网需求
3.2配置思路
3.3配置步骤
3.3.1Router A的配置
3.3.2Router B的配置
3.3.3Router C的配置
3.3.4Router D的配置
3.3.5Switch A的配置
3.3.6Switch B的配置
3.3.7Switch C的配置
3.4 验证结果
4域间三层组播配置举例
4.1组网需求
4.2配置思路
4.3配置步骤
4.3.1Router A的配置
4.3.2Router B的配置
4.3.3Router C的配置
4.3.4Router D的配置
4.3.5Router E的配置
4.3.6Router F的配置
4.4 验证结果
5相关资料
5.1 相关协议和标准
Multicast Source Discovery Protocol
组播源发现协议
OSPF
Open Shortest Path First
开放最短路径优先
PIM-DM
Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode
协议无关组播—密集模
式
PIM-SM
Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode
自治系统
ASM
Any-Source Multicast
任意信源组播
BGP
Border Gateway Protocol
边界网关协议
BSR
BootStrap Router
自举路由器
C-BSR
Candidate-BSR
候选BSR
C-RP
Candidate-RP
候选RP
DR
Designated Router
组播配置举例
组播配置举例
关键词：IGMP、IGMP Snooping、组播 VLAN、PIM、MSDP、MBGP
摘 要：本文主要介绍组播功能在具体组网中的应用配置，包括以下两种典型 组网应用：域内的二、三层组播应用情况，以及域间的三层组播应用情 况。
缩略语：
缩略语
英文全名
中文解释
AS
Autonomous System
1
组播是指在IP网络中将数据包以尽力传送的形式发送到某个确定的节点集合，其基本思想是：源主机只发送一份数据，其目的地址为组播组地址；组播组中的 所有接收者都可收到同样的数据拷贝，并且只有组播组内的主机可以接收该数 据，而其它主机则不能收到。
作为一种与单播和广播并列的通信方式，组播技术能够有效地解决单点发送、多 点接收的问题，从而实现了IP网络中点到多点的高效数据传送，能够节约大量网络带宽、降低网络负载。以下是对各常用组播协议的简单介绍：