四川外国语大学2012年二外英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年四川大学外国语学院241二外英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年四川大学外国语学院241二外英语真题及详解Part ⅠReading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should deicide the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneNot too many decades ago it seemed “obvious”both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to relatives and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious”is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are moreinvolved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.1. Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the first paragraph?A. Two contrasting views are presented.B. An argument is examined and possible solutions given.C. Research results concerning the quality of urban life are presented in order of time.D. A detailed description of the differences between urban, and small-town life is given.2. According to the passage, it was once a common belief that urban residents _____.A. did not have the same interests as their neighborsB. could not develop longstanding relationshipsC. tended to be associated with bad behaviorD. usually had more friends3. One of the consequences of urban life is that impersonal relationships among neighbors _____.A. disrupt people’s natural relationsB. make them worry about crimeC. cause them not to show concern for one anotherD. cause them to be suspicious of each other4. It can be inferred from the passage, that the bigger a community is, _____.A. the better its quality of lifeB. the more similar its interestsC. the more tolerant and open-minded it isD. the likelier it is to display psychological symptoms of stress5. What is the passage mainly about?A. Similarities in the interpersonal relationships between urbanites and small-town dwellers.B. Advances of living in big cities as compared with living in small towns.C. The positive role that urbanism plays in modern life.D. The strong feeling of alienation of city inhabitants.【答案与解析】1.A 文章第一段开头提到了以前人们普遍认为城市居民与亲朋邻里的关系不好，紧接着又说到“However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the ‘obvious’is not true”，如今的研究表明事实不是如此了。
四川外国语大学241英语历年考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2003年四川外国语大学221英语考研真题及详解I.Tick off the correct choice.(20%)1.A little girl presented the distinguished visitor with a_____of flowers.A.bunchB.packC.bundleD.bulk【答案】A【解析】句意：一个小女孩给一位尊贵的来访者送了一束花。
这里考查短语的固定搭配，a bunch of flowers 一束花。
因此本题选A。
a pack of一包；一盒。
a bundle of一捆；一大堆。
a bulk of大量。
2.Miss Smith always prefers to start early rather than_____everything to the last minute.A.to leaveB.leavingC.leaveD.to have left【答案】C【解析】句意：史密斯小姐宁愿早早开始工作也不愿意把一切事情留到最后一刻。
这里考查prefer的用法，即prefer to do rather than do宁可做……而不愿做。
语法结构上来看，than两边的结构是一致的，都是不定式，但是习惯上把后面的to省略，所以要选择C项。
3.That’s a beautiful leather wallet,but I can’t afford to pay_____much.A.enoughB.moreD.that【答案】D【解析】句意：这是一个漂亮的皮革钱包，但我付不起那么多钱。
这里其实就是一个固定说法，付不起钱就是I can’t afford to pay that much。
可以直接背下来。
4.Would you mind_____the window?It is hot in here.A.to openB.me openingC.openD.of opening【答案】B【解析】句意：你是否介意我开一下窗？太热了。
2008年四川大学外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2008年四川大学外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解Part One Vocabulary and Structure. Make the best choice for each blank. (1’×30=30’)1. Hardly had the minister finished his statement ______ several reporters raised their hands and put forward a string of questions.A. whenB. asC. thenD. than【答案】A【解析】句意：部长刚发表完他的声明，一些记者就举起手提出了一连串问题。
hardly…when…是固定搭配，表示“刚一……就，几乎未来得及……就”，hardly后面常跟完成时态，when后面常跟一般时态。
A正确。
2. All the members are participating in the scheme ______ a few small firms.A. exceptB. besidesC. except forD. in addition to【答案】C【解析】句意：除了一些小公司之外，所有的成员都加入了这一方案。
这四个选项都可以表示“除了”，except表示“除了，将……除外”，后面通常跟同类事物，例如：You can have anyone of these cakes except this one.表示“除了这一块蛋糕以外，你可以吃任何一块蛋糕”；besides（排斥）除……之外（还有）”；except for表示“除了，将……除外”时，后面通常跟的是整体的一部分和一方面，是对细节的修正，例如：I can answer all the questions except this one. 表示“除了最后一道题以外，我可以回答所有的题”；in addition to表示“除……之外还”，通常用于补充。
2012年英语二考研真题
2012年研究生入学考试真题及解析Section 1 Use of EninglishDirections :Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie” cartoons of f amed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries,G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond20.[A]on the contrary [B] by this means [C]from the outset [D]at that pointSection II Resdiong ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents, but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across the country, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on his educational ritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverished or chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a pass to students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, it is going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling: teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homework and see vey little difference on their report cards. Some students might do well on state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students who performed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that the homework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works best for their students, the policy imposes a flat, across-the-board rule.At the same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportant to it s students’ academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make them count for almost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that the homework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which is responsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conducts public hearings. It is not too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____.[A] is receiving more criticism[B]is no longer an educational ritual[C]is not required for advanced courses[D]is gaining more preferences22.L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____.[A]tend to have moderate expectations for their education[B]have asked for a different educational standard[C]may have problems finishing their homework[D]have voiced their complaints about homework23.According to Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may____.[A]discourage students from doing homework[B]result in students' indifference to their report cards[C]undermine the authority of state tests[D]restrict teachers' power in education24. As mentioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework is whether______.[A] it should be eliminated [B]it counts much in schooling[C]it places extra burdens on teachers [D]it is important for grades25.A suitable title for this text could be______.[A]Wrong Interpretation of an Educational Policy[B]A Welcomed Policy for Poor Students[C]Thorny Questions about Homework[D]A Faulty Approach to HomeworkText2Pretty in pink: adult women do not rememer being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pe rvasive in our young girls’ lives. Tt is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents th at connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests.Girls’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, some how encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses.When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kins, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler.I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children’s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, acdording to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, itwas popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacrurers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone”between infant wear and older kids’ clothes. Tt was only after “toddler”became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults,into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist.26.By saying "it is...the rainbow"(Line 3, Para.1),the author means pink______.[A]should not be the sole representation of girlhood[B]should not be associated with girls' innocence[C]cannot explain girls' lack of imagination[D]cannot influence girls' lives and interests27.According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours？[A]Colours are encoded in girls' DNA.[B]Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.[C]Pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.[D]White is prefered by babies.28.The author suggests that our perception of children's psychological development was much influenced by_____.[A]the marketing of products for children[B]the observation of children's nature[C]researches into children's behavior[D]studies of childhood consumption29.We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to_____.[A]focus on infant wear and older kids' clothes[B]attach equal importance to different genders[C]classify consumers into smaller groups[D]create some common shoppers' terms30.It can be concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be____.[A] clearly explained by their inborn tendency[B]fully understood by clothing manufacturers[C] mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen[D]well interpreted by psychological expertsText 3In 2010. a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades-by 2005 some 20% of human genes were parented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organisation (BIO)，a trade group，assured members that this was just a “preliminary step” in a longer battle.On July 29th they were relieved，at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision，ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed holb patents to two genss that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer. The chief executive of Myriad，a company in Utah，said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine，the courts will remainrather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over Critics make three main arguments against gene patents：a gene is a product of nature，so it may not be patented；gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it；and patents' monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's. A growing number seem to st year a federal task-force urged reform for patents related to genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriad case，arguing t hat an isolated DNA molecule “is no less a product of nature... than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds. ”Despite the appeals court's decision，big questions remain unanswered. For example，it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genome violates the patents of indivi dual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.AS the industry advances ,however,other suits may have an even greater panies are unlikely to file many more patents for human DNA molecules-most are already patented or in the public domain .firms are now studying how genes intcract,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes of disease or predict a drug’s efficacy,companies are eager to win patents for ‘connecting the dits’,expaains hans sauer,alawyer for the BIO.Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO rtcently held a convention which included seddions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed.31.it canbe learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like-----A.their executives to be activeB.judges to rule out gene patentingC.genes to be patcntablcD.the BIO to issue a warning32.those who are against gene patents believe that----A.genetic tests are not reliableB.only man-made products are patentableC.patents on genes depend much on innovatiaonD.courts should restrict access to gene tic tests33.according to hans sauer ,companies are eager to win patents for----A.establishing disease comelationsB.discovering gene interactionsC.drawing pictures of genesD.identifying human DNA34．By saying “each meeting was packed”(line4,para6)the author means that -----A.the supreme court was authoritativeB.the BIO was a powerful organizationC.gene patenting was a great concernwyers were keen to attend conventiongs35.generally speaking ,the author’s attitude toward gene patenting is----A.criticalB.supportiveC.scornfulD.objectiveText 4The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends,it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics,our culture, and the character of our society for years.No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S. ,lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one,. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. The research of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden winthin American society. More difficult, in the moment , is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this resession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.36.By saying “to find silver linings”（Line 1,Para.2）the author suggest that the jobless try to___.[A]seek subsidies from the govemment[B]explore reasons for the unermployment[C]make profits from the troubled economy[D]look on the bright side of the recession37.According to Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____.[A]realize the national dream [B]struggle against each other[C]challenge their lifestyle [D]reconsider their lifestyle38.Benjamin Friedman believe that economic recessions may_____.[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants[B]bring out more evils of human nature[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms[D]ease conflicts between races and classes39.The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____.[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others’[D]recover more quickly than the others40.The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____.[A]certain [B]positive[C]trivial [D]destructivePart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10 points)“Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the G reat Men who have worked here,” wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus –On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist's personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists and explores . "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,"wrote Smiles."what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself"His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man, real, living man who does all that.” And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding — from gender to race to cultural studies — were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15 points)When people in developing countries worry about migration,they are usually concerned at the prospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world ,These are the kind of workers that countries like Britian ,Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates .Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-school education,compared with around 3.3%of all Indians over the age of 25.This "brain drain "has long bothered policymakers in poor countries ,They fear that it hurts their economies ,depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities ,worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make .Section IV WritingPart A47.DirectionsSuppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an onlin store the other day ,Write an email to the customer service centerto1)make a complaint and2)demand a prompt solutionYou should write about 100words on ANSERE SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter ,Use "zhang wei "instead .Part B48.Directionswrite an essay based on the following table .In your writing you should1)describe the table ,and2)give your commentsYou should write at least 150 words(15points)某公司员工工作满意度调查2012考研英语二参考答案1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.C8.A9.D 10.B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.D 21. A 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.C 31.C 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.D 36.D 37.D 38.B 39.D 40.A41-45：AFGCE小作文范文：Dear Sir or Madame,As one of the regular customers of your online store, I am writing this letter to express my complaint against the flaws in your product—an electronic dictionary I bought in your shop the other day.The dictionary is supposed to be a favorable tool for my study. Unfortunately, I found that there are several problems. To begin with, when I opened it, I detected that the appearance of it had been scratched. Secondly, I did not find the battery promised in the advertisement posted on the homepage of your shop, which makes me feel that you have not kept your promise. What is worse, some of the keys on the keyboard do not work.I strongly request that a satisfactory explanation be given and effective measures should be taken to improve your service and the quality of your products. You can either send a new one to me or refund me my money in full.I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.Sincerely yours,Zhang Wei 大作文范文：The table above revealed an overall picture of employment satisfaction. Based upon the data of the table, most people under 40 are unclear or dissatisfied with their job, and 64% of those between 40 to 50, are not satisfied and no one feel satisfied at all. For people over 50, the degree of satisfaction largely exceeds the other groups, amounting to 40%.Such difference may be rooted in the following reasons. First, middle-aged people face morepressure to support the family, both the children and the senior, so that they neglect to enjoy in work. Second, the senior citizens has developed a lot in personality, so they are more prone to see the optimistic aspects of the work. Last, the conclusion that the current society patterns pose more challenges to the middle aged group under 50.To sum up, the senior citizens enjoys more content than the young and middle-aged people under 50.。
2012年考研英语二真题和答案
2012年考研英语二真题和答案2012年考研英语二真题及答案是考研备考的重要参考资料，通过对真题的分析和解答，可以帮助考生更好地熟悉题目类型和考试要求，提高备考效果。
本文将对2012年考研英语二真题和答案进行详细分析，帮助考生更好地理解和掌握考试内容。
第一部分：阅读理解Passage 1题目：According to research discussed in the passage, what do many governments hope to achieve by regulating Internet access?解答：Many governments hope to regulate Internet access in order to maintain political control and protect national security.解析：根据文章内容可知，大多数政府希望通过对互联网访问进行监管，以维护政治控制和保护国家安全。
Passage 2题目：What does the passage mainly discuss?解答：The passage mainly discusses the importance of emotional intelligence in leadership.解析：文章主要讨论的是情商对领导力的重要性。
第二部分：完形填空题目：Which of the following best describes the author's attitude towards mistakes?解答：The author views mistakes as opportunities for learning and growth.解析：作者认为错误是学习和成长的机会。
第三部分：概括大意与完成句子Passage 1题目：What is the main theme of the passage?解答：The main theme of the passage is the importance of sleep for memory consolidation.解析：文章的主题是睡眠对记忆巩固的重要性。
2012年四川外国语大学811英语翻译与写作考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年四川外国语大学811英语翻译与写作考研真题及详解【圣才出品】2012年四川外国语大学811英语翻译与写作考研真题及详解I.Translate the underlined parts into Chinese.(50Points)I have a mind to fill the rest of this paper with an accident that happened just under my eyes,and has made a great impression upon me.I have just passed part of this summer at an old romantic seat of my Lord Harcourt’s,which he has lent me.It overlooks a common field,where,under the shadow of a haycock,sat two lovers,as constant as ever were found in romance,beneath a spreading beech.The name of the one(let it sound as it will)was John Hewett;of the other,Sarah Drew. John was a well-set man about five-and-twenty;Sarah a brown woman of eighteen. John had for several months borne the labor of the day in the same field with Sarah; when she milked,it was his morning and evening charge to bring the cows to her pail.Their love was the talk,but not the scandal of the neighborhood;for all they aimed at was the blameless possession of each other in marriage.It was but this very morning that he obtained her parents’consent,and it was but till the next week that they were to wait to be happy.Perhaps this very day,in the intervals of their work,they were talking of their wedding clothes;and John was now matching several kinds of poppies and field flowers to her complexion,to make her a present of knots for the day.While they were thus employed(it was on the last day of July,)a terrible storm of thunder and lightning arose,that drove the laborers to what shelter the trees or hedges afforded. Sarah,frightened and out ofbreath,sunk on a haycock,and John(who neverseparated from her)sat by her side,haying raked two or three heaps together to secure her.Immediately there was heard so loud a crack as if heaven had burst asunder.The laborers,all solicitous for each other’s safety,called to one another: those who were nearest our lovers,hearing no answer,stepped to the place where they lay.They first saw a little smoke,and after,this faithful pair;John with one arm about Sarah’s neck,and the other held over her face,as if to screen her from the lightning.They were struck dead,and already grown stiff and cold in this tender posture.There was no mark or discoloring on their bodies,only that Sarah’s eyebrow was a little singed,and a small spot between her breasts.They were buried next day in one grave,in the parish of Stanton Harcourt; where my Lord Harcourt,at my request,has erected a monument over them.【参考译文】我想在信纸空余的地方写一写我亲眼见到的一件事情，这件事给我留下很深的印象。
2012年考研英语(二)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年考研英语（二）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI. Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be. To the men and women who【C1】______in World War II and the people they liberated, the GI. was the【C2】______man grown into hero, the pool farm kid torn away from his home, the guy who【C3】______all the burdens of battle, who slept in cold foxholes, who went without the【C4】______of food and shelter, who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder. This was not a volunteer soldier, not someone well paid, 【C5】______an average guy, up【C6】______the best trained, best equipped, fiercest, most brutal enemies seen in centuries. His name isn’t much. GI. is just a military abbreviation【C7】______Government Issue, and it was on all of the articles【C8】______to soldiers. And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 【C9】______it to the top. Joe Blow, Joe Magrac ... a working class name. The United States has 【C10】______had a president or vice-president or secretary of state Joe. GI. Joe had a 【C11】______career fighting German, Japanese, and Korean troops. He appears as a character, or a【C12】______of American personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle【C13】______portrayed themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the【C14】______side of the war, writing about the dirt-snow-and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were【C15】______or what towns were captured or liberated. His reports【C16】______the”Willie”cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men【C17】______.the dirt and exhaustion of war, the 【C18】______of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. 【C19】______Egypt, France, and a dozen more countries, G. I. Joe was any American soldier, 【C20】______the most important person in their lives.1．【C1】A．performedB．servedC．rebelledD．betrayed正确答案：B解析：从空格所在的句子“他们解放的人们”可以看出，空格前的句子表示的应该是参加了第二次世界大战的男人和女人。
2012年4月自考英语(二)真题及答案【圣才出品】
2012年4月自考英语（二）真题及答案(课程代码00015)PART ONE (50POINTS )I. Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. The police can _____ the witness against danger.A. ensureB. relieveC. promiseD. distract2. I don’t think that _____ of the two answers is correct.A. bothB. allC. eitherD. none3. Literary critics should be as _____ as possible in analysis and judgment.A. imperativeB. objectiveC. competitiveD. productive4. She _____ him to give her another chance, but he refused.B. insistedC. beggedD. suggested5. His ____ in the stock market has made him a rich man.A. interferenceB. interactionC. investigationD. investment6. Taking care of your body is a powerful first step _____ mental andemotional health.A. towardB. fromC. withD. into7. _____ , I would go fishing, but the weather is bad today.A. ObviouslyB. NormallyC. ParticularlyD. Presently8. We should be aware of the dangers of _____ children to violence on TV.A. assigningC. exposingD. disclosing9. He blamed his poor judgment of the situation _____ jet lag.A. inB. ofC. byD. on10. Even if we can reduce our birth _____ to 1%, it still means 13 millionnew babies every year.A. paceB. rateC. speedD. numberⅡ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
2012年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points)1. Yogi【答案】瑜伽修行者2. SPCA【答案】动物保护协会3. Geneva Convention【答案】日内瓦公约4. House of Commons【答案】下议院5. horoscope【答案】占星术6. sleep debt【答案】睡眠负债（指长期睡眠不足产生的影响）7. AU【答案】非洲联盟8. Kuala Lumpur【答案】吉隆坡（马来西亚首都）9. a potluck supper【答案】家常便饭10. IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织11. eye-service【答案】阳奉阴违的工作（在雇主看着时才干的活；当面勤快而背地偷懒的帮佣）12. A Clockwork Orange【答案】发条橘子（电影名）13. All Soul’s Day【答案】万灵节（每年11月2日，一些基督教徒用来缅怀逝去的人的节日）14. abusive translation【答案】滥译15. speak in tongues【答案】使用方言II. Translate the following terms into English. (15 points) 1. 双赢【答案】win-win2. 物流【答案】Logistics3. 裸捐【答案】all-out donation4. 醉驾【答案】drunk driving5. 辛亥革命【答案】the Revolution of 19116. 畅通重庆【答案】traffic-smooth Chongqing7. 二线城市【答案】second-tier cities8. 家电下乡【答案】home appliances going to the countryside9. 医患纠纷【答案】doctor-patient dispute10. 面子工程【答案】vanity projects11. 人民币汇率【答案】RMB exchange rate12. 占领华尔街【答案】Occupy Wall Street13. 叙利亚危机【答案】Syria crisis14. 中国农村扶贫【答案】China’s rural poverty alleviation15. 保障性安居工程【答案】government-subsidized housingIII. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (60 Points)Laurie lay luxuriously swinging to and fro in his hammock one warm September afternoon, wondering what his neighbors were about, but too lazy to go and find out. He was in one of his moods, for the day had been both unprofitable and unsatisfactory, and he was wishing he could live it over again. The hot weather made him indolent, and he had shirked his studies, tried Mr. Brooke’s patience to the utmost, displeased his grandfather by practicing half the afternoon, frightened the maidservants half out of their wits by mischievously hinting that one of his dogs was going mad, and, after high words with the stableman about some fancied neglect of his horse, he had flung himself into his hammock to fume over the stupidity of the world in general, till the peace of the lovely day quieted him in spite of himself. Staring up into the green gloom of the horse-chestnut trees above him, he dreamed dreams of all sorts, and was just imagining himself tossing on the ocean in a voyage round the world, when the sound of voices brought him ashore in a flash. Peeping through the meshes of the hammock, he saw the Marchescoming out, as if bound on some expedition. “What in the world are those girls about now?”thought Laurie, opening his sleepy eyes to take a good look, for there was something rather peculiar in the appearance of his neighbors.【参考译文】一个热烘烘的九月下午，劳里舒舒服服地躺在吊床上摇来晃去，很想知道邻居姐妹们在干什么却又懒得去弄清楚。
2012考研英语二真题
2012考研英语二真题2012年考研英语二真题试卷由多个部分组成，包括阅读理解、完形填空、翻译和写作。
以下是根据该标题编写的真题内容，模拟了一份考研英语二的试卷正文。
Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The year 2012 was a significant one for the world of technology. It was the year when a new generation of smartphones was introduced, and the public's expectations were high. The new devices were expected to be faster, more powerful, and have better battery life than their predecessors. Companies were eager to showcase their latest innovations, and consumers were 1 excited about the possibilities.The first quarter of the year saw a flurry of product announcements. Many companies 2 their new models, hoping to capture the attention of tech enthusiasts. However, not all of these products lived up to the hype. Some were criticized for their high price tags, while others were 3 for their lack of innovation.Despite these setbacks, the year was not without its successes. A few standout devices managed to 4 the market and become best-sellers. These devices were praised for their sleek designs, intuitive user interfaces, and impressive performance. They 5 the industry standard and set the bar high for future products.As the year progressed, the focus shifted from hardware to software. Companies realized that to truly differentiatetheir products, they needed to 6 on creating unique and engaging user experiences. This led to a surge in the development of new apps and services, many of which 7 to enhance productivity and improve the overall user experience.By the end of the year, it was clear that 2012 had been a transformative year for the technology industry. The advancements made in both hardware and software had a profound impact on the way people interacted with their devices. The year's successes and failures 8 valuable lessons for the industry, and set the stage for even greater innovations in the years to come.1. A) particularlyB) slightlyC) extremelyD) moderately2. A) introducedB) testedC) reviewedD) manufactured3. A) laudedB) criticizedC) celebratedD) commended4. A) dominateB) penetrateC) saturateD) influence5. A) establishedB) challengedC) redefinedD) maintained6. A) concentrateB) specializeC) diversifyD) innovate7. A) aimedB) intendedC) designedD) targeted8. A) taughtB) learnedC) impartedD) acquiredSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Passage 1In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the study of happiness. Researchers have been exploring various factors that contribute to an individual's sense of well-being. One of the key findings in this field is the importance of social connections. Numerous studies have shown that people with strong social networks tend to be happier and healthier than those who are more isolated.Social connections provide a support system that can help individuals cope with stress and adversity. They also offer opportunities for shared experiences and enjoyment, which can enhance one's quality of life. Moreover, the act of helping others has been linked to increased happiness and life satisfaction.However, the nature of social connections has evolved with the advent of technology. While technology has made it easier to stay connected with others, it has also changed the way we interact. Some argue that the rise of social media and online communication has led to more superficial relationships andless meaningful face-to-face interactions.Despite these concerns, technology can also be used to foster stronger social connections. For example, online platforms can help people with similar interests to connect and form communities. They can also facilitate long-distance relationships and enable people to stay in touch with friends and family who live far away.In conclusion, while the way we connect with others has changed, the importance of social connections to our happiness remains undeniable. Whether through traditional or modern means, maintaining strong social ties is crucial for our well-being.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The impact of technology on social connectionsB) The importance of social connections to happinessC) The role of stress in happiness studiesD) The benefits of online communication2. According to the passage, which of the following is a benefit of social connections?A) Increased productivityB) Better physical healthC) Greater life。
2012年四川外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年四川外国语大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．Yogi正确答案：瑜伽修行者2．SPCA正确答案：动物保护协会(Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) 3．Geneva Convention正确答案：《日内瓦公约》4．House of Commons正确答案：下议院5．horoscope正确答案：占星术；星象6．sleep debt正确答案：睡眠不足7．AU正确答案：非盟(非洲联盟)(African Union)8．Kuala Lumpur正确答案：吉隆坡9．a potluck supper正确答案：一顿家常便饭10．IMF正确答案：国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund) 11．eye-service正确答案：当面勤快，背后偷懒12．A Clockwork Orange正确答案：《发条橙》13．All Souls’ Day正确答案：万灵节14．abusive translation正确答案：滥译15．speak in tongues正确答案：说方言汉译英16．双赢正确答案：win-win17．物流正确答案：logistics18．裸捐正确答案：all-out donation19．醉驾正确答案：drunk driving20．辛亥革命正确答案：the revolution of 191121．畅通重庆正确答案：Traffic-smooth Chongqing22．二线城市正确答案：second-tier city23．家电下乡正确答案：home appliances going to the countryside 24．医患纠纷正确答案：patient-doctor dispute25．面子工程正确答案：image projects26．人民币汇率正确答案：the RMB exchange rate27．占领华尔街正确答案：occupy Wall Street28．叙利亚危机正确答案：Syria’s crisis29．中国农村扶贫正确答案：China’s poverty alleviation in rural areas 30．保障性安居工程正确答案：affordable housing projects英汉互译英译汉31．Laurie lay luxuriously swinging to and fro in his hammock one warm September afternoon, wondering what his neighbors were about, but too lazy to go and find out. He was in one of his moods, for the day had been both unprofitable and unsatisfactory, and he was wishing he could live it over again. The hot weather made him indolent, and he had shirked his studies, tried Mr. Brooke’s patience to the utmost , displeased his grandfather by practicing half the afternoon, frightened the maidservants half out of their wits by mischievously hinting that one of his dogs was going mad, and, after high words with the stableman about some fancied neglect of his horse, he had flung himself into his hammock to fume over the stupidity of the world in .general, till the peace of the lovely day quieted him in spite of himself. Staring up into the green gloom of the horse-chestnut trees above him, he dreamed dreams of all sorts, and was just imagining himself tossing on the ocean, in a voyage round the world, when the sound of voices brought, him ashore in a flash. Peeping through the meshes of his hammock, he saw the Marches coming out, as if bound on some expedition. “What in the world are those girls about now?”thought Laurie, opening his sleepy eyes to take a good look, for there was something rather peculiar in the appearance of his neighbors.正确答案：九月的一个下午，天气暖洋洋的，劳里舒舒服服地躺在吊床上摇来晃去，揣摩着几个邻居在干什么，却又懒得起身去瞧个究竟。
2012年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2012年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本文是一篇以人物介绍为中心的说明文。
讲述了身为草根的G.I.Joe，成长为美国对外战争中一名战斗勇士。
第一、二段介绍了一个普通人G.I.Joe的生活背景及在美国和其他国家战争中的英勇表现从而获得美国政府的奖励。
第三段指出G.I.Joe为代表的普通士兵们对和平和安定的平民生活的渴望。
试题解析Millions of Americans and foreigners see G.I.Joe as a mindless war toy，the symbol of American military adventurism,but that's not how it used to be.To the men and women who__1__in World War II and the people they liberated,the G.I.was the__2__man grown into hero，the poor farm kid torn away from his home，the guywho__3__all the burdens of battle，who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the__4__of food and shelter，who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder.This was not a volunteer soldier,not someone well paid，__5__an average guy，up__6__the best trained，best equipped，fiercest，most brutal enemies seen in centuries.【译文】数以百万计的美国人和外国人将G.I.Joe视为毫无头脑的战争玩偶，看作美国军事冒险主义的象征，但在过去事实并非如此。
2012年考研英语二真题及答案解析
2012年考研英语(二)真题及答案Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions : Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from hishome ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone wellpaid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries。
His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe。
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四川外国语大学2012年二外英语考研真题及详解
I.Beneath each of the following sentences,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(15%)
1.I’d rather you______make any comment on the issue for the time being.
A.don’t
B.didn’t
C.wouldn’t
D.shouldn’t
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我宁愿你当时什么评论都没有给。
用到的固定搭配是would rather sb.did sth，表示主语宁愿某人做了某事，一般要使用虚拟语气，选择B。
2.______popular belief that classical music is too complex,it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create.
A.Subject to
B.Contrary to
C.Familiar to
D.Similar to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：大多数人认为古典音乐很深奥，相反，对于一小部分天才来讲却是很容易创
作的。
subject to表示“服从于”。
contrary to表示“和……相反”。
familiar to
表示“为……所熟悉”。
similar to表示“与……类似”。
3.If you______the bottle and cigarettes,you’ll be much healthier.
A.take off
B.keep off
C.get off
D.set off
【答案】B
【解析】句意：如果戒烟戒酒，你就会变得健康许多。
take off表示“离开，（飞机）起飞，脱掉衣服”。
keep off表示“（使）不接近，禁食”。
get off表示“下车，离开”。
set off表示“出发，点燃”。
4.The boy spent as much time watching TV as he______studying.
A.does
B.had
C.was
D.did
【答案】D
【解析】句意：这个男孩花在看电视上的时间和他花在学习上的时间一样多。
句中应遵循一致原则，前面用到的是spent，后面应使用did，答案选择D。
5.Jack wishes that he______business instead of history when he was in university.
A.studied
B.had been studying
C.study
D.had studied
【答案】D
【解析】句意：杰克多么希望大学里他学的是商务而不是历史。
这里应当使用虚拟语气，had done sth表示想要做却没有做成的事情，答案选择D。
6.Found in all parts of the country,pines are the most______trees in this country.
A.ordinary
B.average
ual
mon
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个国家所有的范围内，松树是最常见的树木。
ordinary表示“普通的，常见的”。
average表示“平均的”。
usual表示“照常的，通常的”。
common表
示“通俗的”。
7.This disease______itself in yellowness of the skin and eyes.
A.manifests
B.modifies
C.magnifies
D.exposes
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这种疾病表现在患者身上是眼睛和皮肤发黄。
manifest表示“显示，表明”。
modify表示“修饰，改变”。
magnify表示“放大，赞美”。
expose表示“揭发，揭露”。
8.The manager of the hotel requests that their guests______after11:00p.m.
A.not to play loud music
B.don’t play loud music
C.shouldn’t play loud music
D.couldn’t play load music
【答案】C
【解析】句意：酒店经理请求客人们夜里11点后不要大声地播放音乐。
request表示“请求”，在接that引导的从句时，后面应当采用request sb.that sth.shall/shall not
be done.，答案选择C。
9.We cannot trust him anymore because he often______his duty.
A.owes
B.spoils
C.deserts
D.neglects
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们再也不能信任他了，因为他经常忽视自身的职责。
owe表示“欠债，感激，归功于。
spoil表示“溺爱，糟蹋”。
desert表示“沙漠，抛弃”。
neglect
表示“忽视，忽略”。
10.The news quickly spread through the whole country______the war had ended.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where
【答案】C
【解析】句意：战争结束的消息飞快地在全国上下传播开来。
句末的the war had ended 用来修饰前面的news，此处应用that引导，不能使用which。
11.There are different forms of energy,______come from the sun.
A.that
B.most of that
C.most of them
D.most of which
【答案】D
【解析】句意：能源有许多种，大部分都来自于太阳。
句中的先行词是different forms of energy，需要用most of which来引导定语从句，答案选择D。
12.I received her father’s telephone call at eleven.______that she was badly hurt in an accident yesterday.
A.Then did I know
B.Only then I knew
C.Only then did I know
D.Only then knew I
【答案】C
【解析】句意：晚上11点我接到了她父亲打来的电话，那时我才知道昨天她在一场事故中受了重伤。
这里要使用倒装句来表示强调，要将助动词与主语位置对调，答案选择
C。
13.After working for twenty hours without any rest,the doctors were______.
A.exhausted
B.mounted
C.wrapped
D.restored
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在连续工作了20个小时之后，医生们都精疲力竭了。
exhausted表示“精疲力竭的”。
mounted表示“安装好的，骑在（自行车、马）上的”。
wrapped
表示“有包装的”。
restored表示“恢复的，还原的”。