石油钻井事故和复杂处理

第十一章事故和复杂处理一.常用单词和短语

bit balling 钻头泥包

bit bounce 跳钻

lost circulation 井漏

get stuck 卡钻

tight spot 遇阻点

cave in 井垮

slough 坍塌

kick 井涌

mud gain 泥浆增量

mud loss 泥浆漏失

blow out 井喷

kill well 压井

differential sticking 压差卡钻keyseat 键槽

free drill pipe 钻杆解卡

free point 卡点

back off 倒扣

acid wash 酸洗

set plug 打水泥塞sidetrack 侧钻

fishing tool 打捞工具squeeze cement 挤水泥

overshot 卡瓦打捞筒

grapple 卡瓦

spiral grapple 螺旋卡瓦

basket grapple 篮状卡瓦

reverse circulating junk basket 反循环打捞篮boot basket 打捞杯

fishing tap 打捞公锥

spear 打捞矛

safety joint 安全接头

impression block 印模

fishing magnet 打捞磁铁

free point indicator 测卡仪

hook wall 壁钩

mill shoe 磨鞋

washover pipe 套铣筒

hydraulic cutter 水力割刀

fishing jar 打捞震击器

bumper sub 地面震击器

LCM=lost circulating material堵漏剂

二.扩展词汇-钻井日报表词汇摘录

Drill 222.25mm hole from 3452m to 3488m - 300 psi pressure drop 自3452到3488米钻进222.25mm 井眼-泵压下降300psi

Check surf equipment . OK 检查地面设备。正常。

POOH - check drill string for wash-out 起钻-检查钻柱刺漏。

POOH to 532m - drill string got stuck. 起钻到532米-卡钻

Attempt to free pipe by jarring down without success 下击试图解卡无效

Jar up and free pipe. Attempt to go down into open hole. No success. 上击解卡，试图下放到裸眼无效。POOH to 523m - pipe stuck. Cont working on pipe 起到523米-卡钻，继续活动钻具。

Make up Bumper sub assy and push pipe down to 526m 接震击器下压到526米。

Continue working on pipe without any progress. 继续活动钻具没有进展。

Prepare to run FPI 准备下测卡仪

Rig up CNLC and RIH thru TDS 安装CNLC通过顶驱下入。

RIH FPI and check free pipes at 526.8 - stuck and pipe free at 523.8m, 518.8m, 513.7m, 507.8m and 497.8m. 下测卡仪，在526.8米检测卡点-523.8m, 518.8m, 513.7m, 507.8m and 497.8未卡。

POOH FPI and prepare to run back-off tools. 起出测卡仪并准备下倒扣工具。

Make up back-off tool and RIH thru TDS. 接倒扣工具，通过顶驱下入。

Apply 2 turns right hand torque to 22000 ft-lbs to tighten drill string. 施加2圈正扣扭矩22000磅-英尺紧扣。

Apply 1.5 turn back-off torque and hold same. CNLC fire string shots at 524.5m - logger depth. String free after working down another 1 turn left hand torque. 施加1.5圈倒扣扭矩并保持住，CNLC在524.5米爆炸-电测井深。又施加反扣扭矩1圈后解卡。

CNLC POOH and r/down back-off tools 起出并甩CNLC倒扣工具。

Lay down bumper sub and POOH. String stuck at 333m. Jar down and push down free. 甩下震击器，起钻，在333米遇卡，下击并下压解卡。

RIH to TOF - fish in place 下钻到鱼顶-探到鱼头

Pump Hivis. Pump out and back ream to 324m. 泵入高粘泥浆，倒划眼到324米。

Work thru tite spots till free from 324m to 320m.从324到320米遇阻段活动到自由段。

Cont POOH - Lay down stabilizer and 2 joints DCs - recover 3x 6 1/2" DCs, Dailey Mechanical Jar, 13x6 1/2" DCs. 继续起钻-甩稳定器和2根钻铤-收获3根6 1/2"钻铤，Dailey机械震击器，13根6 1/2"钻铤。Fish inside 250.83mm casing - 8 3/4" stab, 1x6 1/2" DC, Bit sub and 222.25mm Hycalog PDC bit. 落鱼在250.83mm套管内-8 3/4" 稳定器, 1根61/2" 钻铤, 钻头接头和222.25mm Hycalog PDC 钻头。Attempt to retrieve wear bushing - no success. 试图取出耐磨补芯-未成功

Make up Bumper sub assy and RIH to 500m. 接震击器下钻到500米

Break circ and RIH . Tag TOF at 514m. Screw into fish. 顶水眼和下钻，在514米探到鱼头，对扣。Spot 50 bbl SAPP pill. 泡50桶焦式磷酸钠溶液。

Soak fish for an hour. 泡落鱼1小时。