物流第1章习题.

现代物流管理导论第一章习题参考答案

第一章习题参考答案
1 ．什么是物流？
答：物流是物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程。

根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实现有机结合。

2 ．根据物流活动的业务性质可以把物流分为几类？
答：（1 ）生产物流（2 ）供应物流（3 ）销售物流（ 4 ）回收物流（ 5 ）废弃物流
3 ．物流的发展方向是什么？
答：物流管理模式的发展方向——供应链管理
物流运作方式的发展方向—— TPL
物流决策空间的发展方向—三维立体决策
4 ．物流工程系统的属性是什么?
答：①整体性②层次性③相关性④目的性⑤适应性
5 ．现代物流管理理念是什么?物流系统的目标是什么？
答：
现代物流管理的理念是：全球化、精益化、一体化、系统化、专业化、可持续发展、现代化。

传统物流系统的目标是在及时、快速、准确地将货物送至客户的前提之下，使整个物流系统的成本最低。

现代物流系统目标是：
A “以顾客为核心”是适应现代物流管理理念而提出的现代物流系统目标
B 绿色物流将成为未来物流系统的目标
6 ．物流系统工程的研究内容是什么？
答：（1 ）物流系统的规划与设计
（2 ）企业内部物流运输（或搬运）与储存的控制和管理
（3 ）运输与搬运设备、容器与包装的设计和管理。

物流基础第1-7章习题答案

第一章习题答案一、应知目标考核题（一）单项选择题1.B2.C3.B4.D5.B（二）判断题1. ×2.√3. ×4.√5. ×（三）简答题1.物流管理有哪些特征？答：（1）现代物流管理以实现顾客满意为第一目标；（2）现代物流的范围包括整个社会再生产过程；（3）现代物流的对象除了物品还包括服务和信息；（4）现代物流是效率和效果的统一；（5）现代物流管理是对商品、服务及相关信息的一体化管理。

2.物流管理的发展经历了哪几个阶段？答：（1）实物配送阶段；（2）综合物流阶段；（3）供应链管理阶段3.物流系统有哪些特点？答：（1）物流系统是复杂系统；（2）物流系统是大跨度系统；（3）物流系统环境稳定性差而动态性强；（4）物流系统属于中间层次系统范畴。

4.物流系统管理的一般方法有哪些？试举例说明。

答：物流系统管理的一般方法有总成本法、避免次优化和得失比较法（1）总成本法。

总成本法应用的具体做法是，在试图保持一定的服务水平条件下，对各备选方案的成本进行汇总分析。

不同方案的各项业务活动成本是不同的，在一些费用下降的同时，另一些费用会上升。

比较各备选方案的总成本，就能获得最佳的方案。

例如，在相同的服务水平下，方案A的成本要低于方案B的成本，那么根据总成本法，选用方案A。

（2）避免次优化。

在物流系统管理中，各项物流业务活动按他们各自所完成的一定管理目标来评价，而这些管理目标又相互矛盾时，就会发生次优化。

如运输部门和仓储部门，运输部门的管理目标是规模经济，期望运输量越大越好，而仓储部门为降低仓储成本，更倾向于保管合适数量的产品，而非越多越好，两者间存在次优化问题。

因此，为避免次优化问题发生，关键是企业各部门经理应避免隧道视野，即只关注本部门的目标和利益，而忽视企业整体目标和利益。

（3）得失比较法。

即在评价各方案时，忽略各方案的共同部分，只比较各方案不同部分的所得和所失，在保持一定服务水平条件下，选择得大于失的方案。

现代物流管理基础1-2章

第一章物流的基本内涵和发展阶段一、单项选择题（）1、在1922年，在市场营销中确认了物流的作用。

A．弗瑞德·E·克拉克 B．拉尔夫·布索迪C．亨利·亚当斯 D．居里·杜彼特（）2、物流是对物品（包括无形的服务）从起始点向最终点的动静结合的过程。

A．生产 B．分配 C．消费 D．流动（）3、宏观物流研究的主要特点是。

A．具体性和局部性 B．具体性和综合性C．综合性和全局性 D．局部性和全局性（）4、企业供应物流、生产物流、销售物流、废弃物流和回收物流是属于。

A．社会物流 B．企业物流 C．区域物流 D．综合物流（）5、由卖方、生产者供应方组织的物流活动被称为。

A．第一方物流 B．第二方物流 C．第三方物流 D．第四方物流（）6、在物流领域采取的，如直达运输、联合运输、看板、实行按专门路线配送（货运专线运输）等管理和技术，这一目标的体现。

A．范围经济 B．规模经济 C．速度经济 D．客户满意（）7、通过物流活动的，能够对企业的成本降低的差异化产生影响，从而形成对于竞争对手的竞争优势。

A．大跨度性与动态性 B．实行按专门路线配送C．联合运输和交流 D．有效组织和协调（）8、物流真正意义上的发展是从开始的。

A．20世纪50年代 B．20世纪60年代C．20世纪70年代 D．20世纪90年代（）9、在20世纪70年代，伴随着管理结构和信息系统的相应推动，人们有能力在一个企业内部把物料处理、仓储等其他物流功能部门集成在一起形成具有的第一次真正意义上的物流应用。

A．生产物流与企业物流 B．商业物流和实体配送职能C．国内物流与国际物流 D．供应物流和回收物流（）10、对于一个零售商，物流活动主要发生在它的与零售商店之间。

A．货物运输 B．生产部门 C．配送中心 D．消费者（）11、人们有时把供应链称之为。

A．物流网络 B．物流 C．配送中心 D．微观物流（）12、初始的物流是从人们的举、拉、推和计数等人工操作开始的。

国际物流复习1-8章课后题目答案

第一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八章课后题目答案及重点1，2，3，4，5章为第一部分，6，7，8章为第二部分第一部分：第一章：国际物流概述一简述国际物流的含义1国际物流：是指货物（包括原材料、半成品和制成品等）及物品（包括邮品、展品、捐增物资等）在不同国家件流动或转移。

2.国际物流广义理解：是货物在国家间的实体移动。

国际物流狭义理解：仅是与另一国国际贸易相关的物流活动，如货物集运、分拨配送、货物包装、货物运输、申领许可文件、仓储、装卸、流通中的加工、报关、国际货运保险、单据制作等。

3.国际物流是国内物流的延伸，是国际贸易的必然著称部分，各国间的相互贸易最终要通过国际物流来实现，而国际分工的细化和国际贸易的增长将带动和促进国际物流的发展。

二简述国际物流的特点：1.国际物流的经营环境存在着较大的差异2.国际物流的系统广泛3.国际物流运输主要方式具有复杂性4.国际物流必须依靠国际化信息系统的支持5.国际物流的标准化要求较高。

三简述国际物流在20世纪的发展经历的阶段：第一个阶段：20世纪50年代，国际物流发展的准备阶段。

第二阶段：20世纪60年代，国际物流设备、工具大型化阶段。

第三阶段：20世纪70年代，国际物流包装集装箱化、集装箱船、集装箱港口快速发展阶段。

第四阶段：20世界80年代，国际货物多是联运、自动化搬运、装卸技术发展阶段。

第五阶段：20世界90年代，物流信息化时代。

四国际物流的基本分类：根据不同的标准，国际物流主要可以分为以下几种类型。

1.按照货物流向，可以分成进口物流和出口物流。

凡存在于进口业务中的国际物流行为被称为“进口物流”，而存在于出口业务中的国际物流行为称为“出口物流”。

2.按照不同国家所规定的关税区域予以区别，可以分为国家建物流与经济区域渐物流。

3.按照国家进行货物传递和流动方式，国际物流又分为：国际商品物流、国际军火物流、国际邮品物流、国际援助和救助物流等。

****涉及国际物流业务并和国际物流有关的企业有：国际货运代理、国际船舶代理、国际物流公司、国际配送中心、国际运输及仓储和报关行等。

物流师基础知识1-3章单元练习附答案

物流师考证辅导单元测验（一）（上册1－3章附答案）一、单选题：1.职业道德的核心和基础是：A.诚实守信B.爱岗敬业C.办事公道D.奉献社会b2.现代物流的理念是以（）为中心，以（）为第一目标。

A.客户服务B.高度诚信C.持续的竞争能力D.满足顾客需要a d3.不属于经济活动的物质实体流动，不属于物流范畴。

A.正确B.错误 a4.商流是物流的基础，物流是商流先导。

这句话：A.正确B.错误 b5.商流与物流（）的原则是提高经济效益的客观需要。

A.合一B.分离 b6.配送既是物流又是商流，是商流与物流一体化的体现。

A.正确B.错误 a7.运输和搬运的区别在于：A.使用工具不同B.运送商品不同C.活动范围不同D.时间周期不同c8.物流体系动态功能中的核心功能是：A.包装B.装卸搬运C.流通加工D.运输 d9.储存功能是物流体系中唯一的静态环节。

这句话：A.正确B.错误 a10．可看作是整个物流体系缩影的是：A.运输B.储存C.流通加工D.配送 d11.物品散乱地堆放在地面上的状态，活性指数用（）来表示。

A.0B.1C.2D.3E.4 a12.物品正处于装卸搬运的状态，活性指数用（）来表示。

A.0B.1C.2D.3E.4 e13.物流体系中的（）功能，是一种动态过程，是生产过程向流通或消费领域的延伸。

A.配送B.装卸搬运C.包装D.流通加工 c14.发生在流通领域的生产过程的物流功能是（）。

A.配送B.装卸搬运C.包装D.流通加工 d15.现代物流区别于传统物流关键在：A.客户服务功能B.配送功能C.流通加工功能D.信息功能 d16.客户服务是物流的基本功能之一。

A.正确B.错误 a17.流通企业承担起生产厂家“采购代理”任务体现了物流增值作用中的（）效应。

A.批量效应B.信用效应C.风险效应D.品种效应 d18.一个企业的物料状况是最能体现其管理水平高低的标志。

这句话：A.正确B.错误 a19. 第一方物流是（a）。

物流经济学课后习题答案(1-13章)

第1章物流经济学概论一、名词解释物流：物流是物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程中，根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等功能有机结合起来实现用户要求的过程。

物流经济学：物流经济学是物流学和经济学的交叉学科，其本质是经济学，是以物流为研究对象的经济学，它是主要研究物流活动中如何遵循经济规律，依据经济目标而对物流行为进行优化的第三利润泉：第三利润源泉是日本早稻田大学教授西泽修在1970年提出的。

在生产力相对落后、社会产品处于供不应求的历史阶段，由于市场商品匮乏，制造企业无论生产多少产品都能销售出去。

于是就大力进行设备更新改造、扩大生产能力、增加产品数量、降低生产成本，以此来创造企业剩余价值，即第一利润。

当产品充斥市场，转为供大于求，销售产生困难时，也就是第一利润达到一定极限，很难持续发展时，便采取扩大销售的办法寻求新的利润源泉，这就是第二利润。

当销售达到了一定极限时，同时发现物流不仅可以帮助扩大销售，而且也是一个很好的新利润增长源泉。

于是，出现了西泽修教授的"第三利润源泉"说。

物流作为"第三利润源泉"，在降低成本、提高效益、增强企业市场竞争力方面起着极其重要的作用。

二、单选题1.D2.A3.C4.D5.A三、多选题1. ABCD2.ABC3.ABC4.ABC5.ABC四、判断题1.错。

物流经济学是物流学与经济学的交叉学科，其本质是经济学。

2.对3.对4.对五、简答题1.研究物流经济学意义有哪些？答：.有助于提高物流企业管理者以“理”来“管”的水平；有利于物流产业自身的发展；有利于国民经济更加合理、协调的发展；为物流企业管理者提供了经营决策的有效方法。

2.物流的经济价值体现在哪些方面？答：主要包括.物流的市场价值、物流劳动所创造的产品是以“物流服务”的形式存在的、物流服务的使用价值表现为“服务物流”、物流服务的价值表现是为客户创造价值。

物流企业管理-课后习题答案 (1)[3页]

第一章参考答案一、判断题1.（√）2.（√）3.（√）4.（√）5.（×）二、单项选择题1. （ B ）2. ( D )3. （ D ）4. ( B )5. ( A )三、多项选择题1. （ABCD ）2.（ABC ）3.（ABCD ）4.（ABCD ）5.（ABC ）四、简答题1.物流的概念是什么？物流（logistics）是指物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程。

根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施有机结合（《物流术语》GB/T18354-2006）。

其中，物流中的“物”是指经济与社会活动中实体流动的物质资料，它是具备物质实体特点和可以进行物理性位移的那一部分物质资料；“流”是物理性运动，这种运动有其限定的含义，相对于地球而发生的物理性运动，称之为“位移”，流的范围可以是地理性的大范围，也可以是在同一地域、同一环境中的小范围位移。

“物”和“流”的组合，是一种建立在自然运动基础上的高级的运动形式。

2.物流的分类有哪些？物流在社会经济领域中无处不在，对于各个领域的物流，虽然其基本要素都存在且相同，但由于物流对象不同、物流目的不同、物流范围不同，形成了不同的物流类型。

目前，对物流的分类还没有统一的标准，主要是按研究范围、规模和业务活动性质进行分类，如图所示。

3.企业为什么要重视物流管理？物流管理的作用物流管理是物流正常有效运行的保障，主要体现在以下三个方面。

（1）做好保障服务工作，保证生产、生活的正常进行。

物流是为生产、生活提供物资的，一个有物流系统的有效管理是要保质保量地、及时地将物资供应到生产、生活的需求点。

（2）节省费用、降低成本。

物流都是物资实体的流动活动，而这种流动都是要用车、用人、占库，也是要费钱、费事、费时间的，这些都是物流成本。

有效的物流管理，要在保障供应、保证生产和生活顺利进行的前提下，做到费用最省、成本最低。

（3）保护社会环境。

墨菲物流学英文版第12版课后习题答案第1章

PART IIANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONSCHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF LOGISTICS1-1. Did it surprise you that logistics has such an important economic impact? Why or why not?The answer to this question likely depends on the student’s prior exposure to logistics. A typical student in an undergraduate, introductory logistics course likely has had limited exposure to and knowledge about logistics and thus might be unaware as to logistics’ economic impact. As such, a student might be pleasantly surprised to learn that logistics is important for a country’s economic growth and development.1-2. Distinguish between possession, form, time, and place utility.Possession utility refers to the value or usefulness that comes from a customer being able to take possession of a product and can be influenced by the relevant payment terms. Form utility refers to a product’s being in a form that (1) can be used by the customer and (2) is of value to the customer. Time utility refers to having products available when they are needed by customers while place utility refers to having products available where they are needed by customers.1-3. How does logistics contribute to time and place utility?Logistics contributes to time utility by recognizing that different products have different sensitivities to time. For example, a three-day-late delivery of bananas likely has more serious consequences than a three-day-late delivery of a box of pencils. As for place utility, logistics facilitates the movement of products from points of lesser value to points of greater value.1-4. How can a particular logistics system be effective but not efficient? Effectiveness can be thought of as “how well a company does what it says it’s going to do;” efficiency focuses on how well (or poorly) company resources are used to achieve what a company promises it can do. There are a multitude of examples that would illustrate an effective, but inefficient, logistics system. For example, some companies routinely use premium and expedited methods of transportation—which increase transportation costs—to meet customer delivery requirements. As such, the logistics system could be considered effective (meeting delivery deadlines) but perhaps not efficient (increased transportation costs).1-5. Explain the significance of the fact that the purpose of logistics is to meet customer requirements.One reason for this significance is that meeting customer requirements means that companies must know—rather than assume—customer needs and wants. This knowledge is facilitated by communication between companies and their customers. Even today, some companies are hesitant to communicate with customers. In addition, meeting customer requirements means that a one-size-fits-all approach to logistics will result in some customers being overserved and others being underserved. As a result, companies should consider a tailored logistics approach, where groups of customers who have similar logistical needs and wants are provided with the appropriate logistical services.1-6. Explain how an understanding of logistics management could be relevant to your favorite charitable organization.There are any number of examples that can be used. The textbook mentions the Food Bank of New York City; from a logistical perspective, the Food Bank of New York City is responsible for collecting, sorting, repacking, and distributing food from its 90,000 square-foot warehouse.1-7. How has a reduction in economic regulation contributed to the increased importance of logistics?Reductions in economic regulation in the United States allowed individual carriers flexibility in pricing and service, and this flexibility was important to logistics for several reasons. First, it provided companies with the capability to implement the tailored logistics approach in the sense that companies could specify different logistics service levels and prices could be adjusted accordingly. Second, the increased pricing flexibility allowed large buyers of transportation services to reduce their transportation costs by leveraging large amounts of freight with a limited number of carriers.1-8. Discuss the logistical implications associated with the increased emphasis on the convenience associated with a family’s shopping experience.This convenience is manifested in various ways to include extended store hours, home delivery of purchased items, and ready-to-eat/ready-to-cook foods. From a logistics perspective, extended store hours force retailers to address issues such as the optimal delivery times for replenishment trucks and when to replenish merchandise. A logistical challenge with home delivery is the coordination of delivery times with the purchaser’s ability to receive the item(s). Finally, ready-to-eat-ready-to-cook foods have different packaging requirements, and food processors continue to experiment with packaging alternatives that will extend the shelf life of ready-to-cook foods.1-9. What are some ways in which technology has impacted logistics management? Technological advances have influenced channel design by allowing companies to offer an alternate distribution channel (or alternate distribution channels) to already existing channels. Technological advances can also improve the productivity of the order picking process, which traditionally involved paper pick tickets. Today, by contrast, order picking can utilize radio frequency devices, voice-directed picking, and robotic picking. Shipment tracking provides another example of how technological advances have impacted logistics management. Global positioning systems can provide real-time location information about a shipment, as well as provide information about a vehic le’s temperature, humidity, and vibrations.1-10. Explain how big-box retailers are logistical trendsetters.The logistics practices of big-box retailers are often viewed as barometers for emerging logistics trends. Big-box retailers have also been trendsetters with respect to environmental and social issues in logistics. As an example, one of Best Buy’s sustainability goals for 2020 is to recycle one billion pounds of consumer goods.1-11. What is the systems approach to problem solving? How is this concept applicable to logistics management?The systems approach to problem solving suggests that a company’s objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of its major functional areas, such as marketing, production, finance, and logistics. As such, decisions made by one functional area can have important implications for the other functional areas. With respect to logistics, the systems approach suggests that one should recognize the mutual interdependence of the various activities that constitute the logistics function. Thus, a transportation decision may impact inventory, warehousing, and packaging, among others.1-12. Distinguish between materials management and physical distribution.Materials management refers to the movement and storage of materials into a firm while physical distribution refers to the storage of finished product and movement to the customer.1-13. Explain what is meant by the total cost approach to logistics.The total cost approach to logistics is built on the premise that all relevant activities in moving and storing products should be considered as a whole (i.e., their total cost) and not individually. Use of the total cost approach requires an understanding of cost trade-offs. In other words, changes to one logistics activity cause some costs to increase and others to decrease. The key to the total cost approach is that all relevant cost items are considered simultaneously when making a decision. The objective is to find the approach with the lowest total cost that supports the organization’s customer service requirements.1-14. Define what is meant by a cost trade-off. Do you believe that this concept is workable? Why or why not?A cost trade-off acknowledges that changing patterns or activities of distribution will result in some costs increasing and other costs decreasing. The net effect, however, should be an overall cost decrease for providing a given level of customer service.The remainder of this question asks for the student’s opinion about the workability of this concept. Although nearly any answer is acceptable, those students who believe that cost trade-offs are unworkable might have difficulty with many of the concepts presented throughout the text.1-15. What are several areas in which finance and logistics might interface?The finance department is often in charge of capital budgeting decisions that would affect logistics, such as materials handling and packaging equipment. Another potential area of finance and logistics interface is with respect to inventory; finance tends to view inventory from a dollar perspective while logistics tends to be more concerned with the number of units of inventory. This dichotomy is highlighted by the concept of obsolescence, which reduces the monetary value of inventory by a certain amount per period of time—even though the actual quantity of inventory may be unchanged.1-16. Discuss the postponement concept as it relates to the production and logistics interface.Postponement refers to the delay of value-added activities such as assembly, production, and packaging until the latest possible time. Some value-added activities, such as case packing and case labeling, that were traditionally performed at a production plant are now performed in warehousing facilities. As a result, warehousing facilities are adding new types of equipment and being configured differently to allow specific value-added activities to take place.1-17. Define what is meant by a landed cost and explain its relevance for pricing decisions.Landed cost refers to the price of a product at its source plus transportation costs to its destination. On the one hand, a selling price that is based on a product’s landed cost allows the seller to offer “free” delivery of the product to prospective customers, because the transportation costs associated with delivery are captured in the landed cost. On the other hand, a selling price that is based on a product’s landed cost could result in a substantial increase in a product’s selling price, and a higher selling price tends to decrease buyer demand for most products.1-18. Discuss several possible interfaces between marketing and logistics in terms of product decisions.One interface involves the marked increase in product offerings; marketers like this increase because it allows for more customer choice, but these additional choices create logistical challenges in terms of identification, storage, and tracking. Another interface concerns the amount of a particular item (SKU) to hold. Marketers prefer to carry higher quantities for particular items because this reduces the likelihood of stockouts; however, from a logistics perspective, higher quantities of inventory necessitate additional storage space and increase inventory carrying costs.Students can also discuss product design and sustainable products.1-19. Briefly discuss the ownership, negotiations, financing, promotion, and logistics channels.The ownership channel covers movement of the title to the goods; the goods themselves might not be physically present or even exist. The negotiations channel is the one in which buy and sell agreements are reached and can include telephone, email, and electronic data interchange, among others. The financing channel handles payment for goods and the company’s credit, while the promotions channel is concerned with promoting a new or an existing product. Finally, the logistics channel handles the physical flow of the product.1-20. Discuss five activities that might be part of a company’s logistics department.The chapter presents, and briefly describes, 12 separate activities that might be part of a company’s logistics department. Any 5 of the 12 activities are acceptable for students to discuss.PART IIICASE SOLUTIONSCASE 1.1 KIDDIELAND AND THE SUPER GYMQuestion 1: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of purchasing a two-wheel trailer for each store to use for delivering the Super Gyms.Because the stores are in a number of states, one would have to check the motor vehicle and insurance requirements of each state. An advantage is that deliveries would be under the control of each store. A disadvantage may be labor costs, especially if two workers are needed to make the delivery. Also, once at the site, the store’s employees might be asked to assist in the assembly of the gym.Question 2: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having local trucking companies deliver the Super Gym from the retail stores to the customers.There are probably no disadvantages to using a local trucking company to make the delivery. However, a decision about how to handle the trucking firm’s charges would have to be made.Question 3: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of stocking Super Gyms at the distribution centers and then having the truck that makes deliveries from the distribution center to the retail stores also make deliveries of Super Gyms to individual customers.One problem focuses on the size of equipment—large tractor–trailer combinations are not suited to making home deliveries. The actual costs to KiddieLand of using trucks this way might be very high. There might be some savings in inventory costs by stocking the gyms at the distribution center rather than at each retail store.Question 4: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of charging customers for home delivery if they are unable to carry home the Super Gym.Perhaps the one advantage to charging for home delivery is that KiddieLand recoups the associated costs. However, because charged home delivery will add to the customer’s total purchase price, there could be a reduction in demand or this could generate customer dissatisfaction.Question 5: Which alternative would you prefer? Why?The student can choose any alternative. However, the text of the case seems to prefer the use of a local trucking company and charging the customer for home delivery.Question 6:Draft a brief statement (catalog copy) to be inserted in the firm’s spring–summer brochure that clearly explains to potential customers the policy that is recommended in Question 5.The brochure is intended for use in all stores, so whatever copy is prepared must be widely applicable. A sentence might read: “The Super Gym comes unassemb led and is packed in three boxes: One weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by____ inches; the second weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by ____ inches; and the third weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by ____ inches. Assembly requires the following tools: ____; ____; ____; and ____.”Question 7: At the first meeting, A.J. asked about SUVs, but there was no further mention of them. How would you follow up on his query?Anyone in the group could answer that SUVs have more carrying capacity than autos and many also have trailer hitches. SUVs are sufficiently popular—particularly in the United States—such that many buyers of the Super Gym equipment would either have a SUV or be able to borrow one.。

物流师基础知识1-3章单元练习附答案

物流师考证辅导单元测验（一）（上册1－3章附答案）一、单选题：1.职业道德的核心和基础是：A.诚实守信B.爱岗敬业C.办事公道D.奉献社会b2.现代物流的理念是以（）为中心，以（）为第一目标。

A.客户服务B.高度诚信C.持续的竞争能力D.满足顾客需要a d3.不属于经济活动的物质实体流动，不属于物流范畴。

A.正确B.错误 a4.商流是物流的基础，物流是商流先导。

这句话：A.正确B.错误b5.商流与物流（）的原则是提高经济效益的客观需要。

A.合一B.分离b6.配送既是物流又是商流，是商流与物流一体化的体现。

A.正确B.错误a7.运输和搬运的区别在于：A.使用工具不同B.运送商品不同C.活动范围不同D.时间周期不同c8.物流体系动态功能中的核心功能是：A.包装B.装卸搬运C.流通加工D.运输 d9.储存功能是物流体系中唯一的静态环节。

这句话：A.正确B.错误a10．可看作是整个物流体系缩影的是：A.运输B.储存C.流通加工D.配送 d11.物品散乱地堆放在地面上的状态，活性指数用（）来表示。

A.0B.1C.2D.3E.4 a12.物品正处于装卸搬运的状态，活性指数用（）来表示。

A.0B.1C.2D.3E.4 e13.物流体系中的（）功能，是一种动态过程，是生产过程向流通或消费领域的延伸。

A.配送B.装卸搬运C.包装D.流通加工 c14.发生在流通领域的生产过程的物流功能是（）。

A.配送B.装卸搬运C.包装D.流通加工 d15.现代物流区别于传统物流关键在：A.客户服务功能B.配送功能C.流通加工功能D.信息功能 d16.客户服务是物流的基本功能之一。

A.正确B.错误 a17.流通企业承担起生产厂家“采购代理”任务体现了物流增值作用中的（）效应。

A.批量效应B.信用效应C.风险效应D.品种效应 d18.一个企业的物料状况是最能体现其管理水平高低的标志。

这句话：A.正确B.错误 a19. 第一方物流是（a）。

物流学概论章节习题及答案

《物流学概论》习题及答案Ⅰ习题绪论1.谈谈中国改革开放二十年来，物流得到了哪些发展？2.以沿海大城市群为中心的四大物流圈具体指的是哪些？3.何谓“物流学”？谈谈物流学的学科性质。

4.简述物流学的研究对象。

5.物流学研究的根本任务是什么？第一章物流的概念与内涵1.名词解释:物流P10 商流P12 流通加工配送P142.从国外物流概念的形成和发展中所表现物流概念的基本要点有哪些?P53.请举例说明为什么“物流是市场的延伸”？P64.怎样认识物流成本和物流服务间的“二律背反”关系？P75.“精益物流”的内涵是什么？P76.物流现代化理念都包括哪几个方面？请加以分析说明。

P5-97．请举例阐述物流与商流的关系。

P128．请简述物流活动的构成。

P13-149．何谓物流的生产性？何谓物流的社会性？并请给予说明。

P14-1510．请说明物流的作用和物流在国民经济中的地位。

P15-1711．请谈谈你对中国物流现代化进程的认识。

P17-21第二章物流管理1. 名词解释:物流管理P21 物流管理组织P27 物流专门性评价物流综合性评价物流纵向评价物流横向评价物流管理行政机构物流管理业务机构物流费用P362.简述物流管理的发展历史。

P233. 物流管理的内容从不同角度是怎样分类的?各包括那些内容?P244. 物流管理的总原则是什么?如何理解这一原则?P255.请阐述物流管理的目标。

P29-306.企业物流管理组织设计应考虑哪些因素?P337.简述企业物流战略的基本目标。

P34-358.如何认识企业的物流重组活动？9.简述物流费用的构成。

P3610.请谈谈如何对物流费用进行控制。

P36-37第三章物流的形式1.名词解释: 企业物流p40 返品的回收物流p42 废旧物资物流p42 国际物流p52 多式联运p58 通关手续城市物流专业配送中心柔性配送中心供应配送中心城市物流系统规划国民经济物流国际物流2. 生产企业物流可划分为哪三个阶段?其主要内容是什么?p40-423. 根据我国流通企业的类型，流通企业的物流可分为哪几种?p42-434. 企业物流合理化的措施主要有哪些?p43-445．阐述城市物流的特征并说明城市物流系统的主要构成要素都包括哪些？P45-466．城市物流能为实现“零库存”目标起到什么作用？城市物流可实现“零库存”或降低库存的主要运作方式有哪些？7．请说明城市物流中心的概念和城市物流中心的基本要求。

墨菲物流学英文版第12版课后习题答案第1章

PART IIANSWERS TO END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONSCHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF LOGISTICS1-1. Did it surprise you that logistics has such an important economic impact? Why or why not?The answer to this question likely depends on the student’s prior exposure to logistics. A typical student in an undergraduate, introductory logistics course likely has had limited exposure to and knowledge about logistics and thus might be unaware as to logistics’ economic impact. As such, a student might be pleasantly surprised to learn that logistics is important for a country’s economic growth and development.1-2. Distinguish between possession, form, time, and place utility.Possession utility refers to the value or usefulness that comes from a customer being able to take possession of a product and can be influenced by the relevant payment terms. Form utility refers to a product’s being in a form that (1) can be used by the customer and (2) is of value to the customer. Time utility refers to having products available when they are needed by customers while place utility refers to having products available where they are needed by customers.1-3. How does logistics contribute to time and place utility?Logistics contributes to time utility by recognizing that different products have different sensitivities to time. For example, a three-day-late delivery of bananas likely has more serious consequences than a three-day-late delivery of a box of pencils. As for place utility, logistics facilitates the movement of products from points of lesser value to points of greater value.1-4. How can a particular logistics system be effective but not efficient? Effectiveness can be thought of as “how well a company does what it says it’s going to do;” efficiency focuses on how well (or poorly) company resources are used to achieve what a company promises it can do. There are a multitude of examples that would illustrate an effective, but inefficient, logistics system. For example, some companies routinely use premium and expedited methods of transportation—which increase transportation costs—to meet customer delivery requirements. As such, the logistics system could be considered effective (meeting delivery deadlines) but perhaps not efficient (increased transportation costs).1-5. Explain the significance of the fact that the purpose of logistics is to meet customer requirements.One reason for this significance is that meeting customer requirements means that companies must know—rather than assume—customer needs and wants. This knowledge is facilitated by communication between companies and their customers. Even today, some companies are hesitant to communicate with customers. In addition, meeting customer requirements means that a one-size-fits-all approach to logistics will result in some customers being overserved and others being underserved. As a result, companies should consider a tailored logistics approach, where groups of customers who have similar logistical needs and wants are provided with the appropriate logistical services.1-6. Explain how an understanding of logistics management could be relevant to your favorite charitable organization.There are any number of examples that can be used. The textbook mentions the Food Bank of New York City; from a logistical perspective, the Food Bank of New York City is responsible for collecting, sorting, repacking, and distributing food from its 90,000 square-foot warehouse.1-7. How has a reduction in economic regulation contributed to the increased importance of logistics?Reductions in economic regulation in the United States allowed individual carriers flexibility in pricing and service, and this flexibility was important to logistics for several reasons. First, it provided companies with the capability to implement the tailored logistics approach in the sense that companies could specify different logistics service levels and prices could be adjusted accordingly. Second, the increased pricing flexibility allowed large buyers of transportation services to reduce their transportation costs by leveraging large amounts of freight with a limited number of carriers.1-8. Discuss the logistical implications associated with the increased emphasis on the convenience associated with a family’s shopping experience.This convenience is manifested in various ways to include extended store hours, home delivery of purchased items, and ready-to-eat/ready-to-cook foods. From a logistics perspective, extended store hours force retailers to address issues such as the optimal delivery times for replenishment trucks and when to replenish merchandise. A logistical challenge with home delivery is the coordination of delivery times with the purchaser’s ability to receive the item(s). Finally, ready-to-eat-ready-to-cook foods have different packaging requirements, and food processors continue to experiment with packaging alternatives that will extend the shelf life of ready-to-cook foods.1-9. What are some ways in which technology has impacted logistics management? Technological advances have influenced channel design by allowing companies to offer an alternate distribution channel (or alternate distribution channels) to already existing channels. Technological advances can also improve the productivity of the order picking process, which traditionally involved paper pick tickets. Today, by contrast, order picking can utilize radio frequency devices, voice-directed picking, and robotic picking. Shipment tracking provides another example of how technological advances have impacted logistics management. Global positioning systems can provide real-time location information about a shipment, as well as provide information about a vehic le’s temperature, humidity, and vibrations.1-10. Explain how big-box retailers are logistical trendsetters.The logistics practices of big-box retailers are often viewed as barometers for emerging logistics trends. Big-box retailers have also been trendsetters with respect to environmental and social issues in logistics. As an example, one of Best Buy’s sustainability goals for 2020 is to recycle one billion pounds of consumer goods.1-11. What is the systems approach to problem solving? How is this concept applicable to logistics management?The systems approach to problem solving suggests that a company’s objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of its major functional areas, such as marketing, production, finance, and logistics. As such, decisions made by one functional area can have important implications for the other functional areas. With respect to logistics, the systems approach suggests that one should recognize the mutual interdependence of the various activities that constitute the logistics function. Thus, a transportation decision may impact inventory, warehousing, and packaging, among others.1-12. Distinguish between materials management and physical distribution.Materials management refers to the movement and storage of materials into a firm while physical distribution refers to the storage of finished product and movement to the customer.1-13. Explain what is meant by the total cost approach to logistics.The total cost approach to logistics is built on the premise that all relevant activities in moving and storing products should be considered as a whole (i.e., their total cost) and not individually. Use of the total cost approach requires an understanding of cost trade-offs. In other words, changes to one logistics activity cause some costs to increase and others to decrease. The key to the total cost approach is that all relevant cost items are considered simultaneously when making a decision. The objective is to find the approach with the lowest total cost that supports the organization’s customer service requirements.1-14. Define what is meant by a cost trade-off. Do you believe that this concept is workable? Why or why not?A cost trade-off acknowledges that changing patterns or activities of distribution will result in some costs increasing and other costs decreasing. The net effect, however, should be an overall cost decrease for providing a given level of customer service.The remainder of this question asks for the student’s opinion about the workability of this concept. Although nearly any answer is acceptable, those students who believe that cost trade-offs are unworkable might have difficulty with many of the concepts presented throughout the text.1-15. What are several areas in which finance and logistics might interface?The finance department is often in charge of capital budgeting decisions that would affect logistics, such as materials handling and packaging equipment. Another potential area of finance and logistics interface is with respect to inventory; finance tends to view inventory from a dollar perspective while logistics tends to be more concerned with the number of units of inventory. This dichotomy is highlighted by the concept of obsolescence, which reduces the monetary value of inventory by a certain amount per period of time—even though the actual quantity of inventory may be unchanged.1-16. Discuss the postponement concept as it relates to the production and logistics interface.Postponement refers to the delay of value-added activities such as assembly, production, and packaging until the latest possible time. Some value-added activities, such as case packing and case labeling, that were traditionally performed at a production plant are now performed in warehousing facilities. As a result, warehousing facilities are adding new types of equipment and being configured differently to allow specific value-added activities to take place.1-17. Define what is meant by a landed cost and explain its relevance for pricing decisions.Landed cost refers to the price of a product at its source plus transportation costs to its destination. On the one hand, a selling price that is based on a product’s landed cost allows the seller to offer “free” delivery of the product to prospective customers, because the transportation costs associated with delivery are captured in the landed cost. On the other hand, a selling price that is based on a product’s landed cost could result in a substantial increase in a product’s selling price, and a higher selling price tends to decrease buyer demand for most products.1-18. Discuss several possible interfaces between marketing and logistics in terms of product decisions.One interface involves the marked increase in product offerings; marketers like this increase because it allows for more customer choice, but these additional choices create logistical challenges in terms of identification, storage, and tracking. Another interface concerns the amount of a particular item (SKU) to hold. Marketers prefer to carry higher quantities for particular items because this reduces the likelihood of stockouts; however, from a logistics perspective, higher quantities of inventory necessitate additional storage space and increase inventory carrying costs.Students can also discuss product design and sustainable products.1-19. Briefly discuss the ownership, negotiations, financing, promotion, and logistics channels.The ownership channel covers movement of the title to the goods; the goods themselves might not be physically present or even exist. The negotiations channel is the one in which buy and sell agreements are reached and can include telephone, email, and electronic data interchange, among others. The financing channel handles payment for goods and the company’s credit, while the promotions channel is concerned with promoting a new or an existing product. Finally, the logistics channel handles the physical flow of the product.1-20. Discuss five activities that might be part of a company’s logistics department.The chapter presents, and briefly describes, 12 separate activities that might be part of a company’s logistics department. Any 5 of the 12 activities are acceptable for students to discuss.PART IIICASE SOLUTIONSCASE 1.1 KIDDIELAND AND THE SUPER GYMQuestion 1: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of purchasing a two-wheel trailer for each store to use for delivering the Super Gyms.Because the stores are in a number of states, one would have to check the motor vehicle and insurance requirements of each state. An advantage is that deliveries would be under the control of each store. A disadvantage may be labor costs, especially if two workers are needed to make the delivery. Also, once at the site, the store’s employees might be asked to assist in the assembly of the gym.Question 2: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of having local trucking companies deliver the Super Gym from the retail stores to the customers.There are probably no disadvantages to using a local trucking company to make the delivery. However, a decision about how to handle the trucking firm’s charges would have to be made.Question 3: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of stocking Super Gyms at the distribution centers and then having the truck that makes deliveries from the distribution center to the retail stores also make deliveries of Super Gyms to individual customers.One problem focuses on the size of equipment—large tractor–trailer combinations are not suited to making home deliveries. The actual costs to KiddieLand of using trucks this way might be very high. There might be some savings in inventory costs by stocking the gyms at the distribution center rather than at each retail store.Question 4: List and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of charging customers for home delivery if they are unable to carry home the Super Gym.Perhaps the one advantage to charging for home delivery is that KiddieLand recoups the associated costs. However, because charged home delivery will add to the customer’s total purchase price, there could be a reduction in demand or this could generate customer dissatisfaction.Question 5: Which alternative would you prefer? Why?The student can choose any alternative. However, the text of the case seems to prefer the use of a local trucking company and charging the customer for home delivery.Question 6:Draft a brief statement (catalog copy) to be inserted in the firm’s spring–summer brochure that clearly explains to potential customers the policy that is recommended in Question 5.The brochure is intended for use in all stores, so whatever copy is prepared must be widely applicable. A sentence might read: “The Super Gym comes unassemb led and is packed in three boxes: One weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by____ inches; the second weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by ____ inches; and the third weighs ____ pounds and is ____ inches by ____ inches by ____ inches. Assembly requires the following tools: ____; ____; ____; and ____.”Question 7: At the first meeting, A.J. asked about SUVs, but there was no further mention of them. How would you follow up on his query?Anyone in the group could answer that SUVs have more carrying capacity than autos and many also have trailer hitches. SUVs are sufficiently popular—particularly in the United States—such that many buyers of the Super Gym equipment would either have a SUV or be able to borrow one.。

第一章物流基础知识同步习题及答案

第一章物流基础知识同步习题(一)判断题(正确的用A表示，错误的用B表示)1．流通实际上就是物流。

( )P32．商流和物流的关系非常密切，两者都具有相同的活动内容和规律。

( )P33．商流是产生物流的物质基础。

( )P44．物流活动克服了供给方和需求方在空间和时间方面的距离。

( )P45．商流主要进行运输和储存，实现物资实体空间和时间位置转移，而物流过程主要进行商品交换，实现物资所有权的转移。

( )P36．物流科学是管理工程和技术工程相结合的综合学科。

( )P237．流通活动中资金流是在所有权更迭的交易过程中发生的，可以认为从属于商流。

( )P38．根据物流活动发生的先后次序，企业物流可划分为供应物流、生产物流、销售物流、回收废弃物物流四部分。

( )P10 9．物流科学以物的动态流转过程为主要研究对象，揭示了物流活动之间存在相互关联、相互制约的内在联系。

( )P1 10．流通包含商流、物流、资金流和信息流，其中信息流从属于物流。

( )P311．产成品从生产者所有转变为用户所有的过程，同时也伴随着对象物从生产地转移到使用地以实现其使用价值的过程。

( )P412．实行商物分离的原则是提高社会经济效益的客观需要，也是企业现代化发展的需要。

( )P413．我国是从美国引进“物流”一词的。

( )P1614．Logistics取代P．D，成为物流科学的代名词，这是物流学科走向成熟的标志。

( )P1715. 商流的研究内容是商品流通的全过程。

（）P316．进行商品交易活动的地点，往往就是商品实物物流的最佳路线必经之处。

（）P4(二)单选题1．物流是指物资的物质实体由供应者到需求者的流动，包括（）。

P4A．物资空间位置的变动和时间位置的变动 B．物资空间位置的变动和形状性质的变动C．物资时间位置的变动和形状性质的变动 D．物资空间位置的变动、时间位置的变动和形状性质的变动2．物资的特性有( )。

P5A．物质性和效用性 B．效用性和现代性 C．美观性和效用性 D．现代性和物质性3．物资的生产过程的功能是创造物资的( )。

第一章物流成本管理绪论试题

物流成本管理（第1章）试题课程代码：*****一、单项选择题（本大题共小题，每小题分，共分）在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

1、按国标（GB/T 20523-2006）的要求，我国企业物流成本构成的划分方法为（）A、按成本项目划分B、一是按成本项目划分；二是按物流成本产生的范围划分C、一是按成本项目划分；二是按物流成本产生的范围划分；三是按物流成本支付形态划分D、一是按成本项目划分；二是按物流成本产生的范围划分；三是按物流成本支付形态划分；四是按物流成本产生的范围划分二、多项选择题（本大题共小题，每小题分，共分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。

错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

2、我国国家标准《企业物流成本构成与计算》（GB/T 20523-2006）对物流成本的定义是：物流成本指物流活动中所消耗的物化劳动和活劳动的货币表现。

即产品在（）等过程中所耗费的人力、物力和财力的总和以及与存货有关的资金占用成本、物品损耗成本、保险和税收成本。

A、包装、运输B、储存、装卸搬运C、流通加工D、物流信息E、物流管理3、社会物流总费用划分为（）A、运输费用B、保管费用C、管理费用D、流通加工费用E、配送费用4、物流成本管理的原则有（）A、成本控制与服务质量控制相结合B、局部控制与系统控制相结合C、全面控制与重点控制相结合D、经济控制与技术控制相结合E、专业控制与全员控制相结合5、企业物流成本按其产生的范围划分，可分为（）A、供应物流成本B、企业内物流成本C、销售物流成本D、回收物流成本E、废弃物物流成本6、按物流成本支付形态划分，企业物流总成本由委托物流成本和内部物流成本构成。

其中内部物流成本按支付形态分为（）A、材料费B、人工费C、维护费D、一般经费E、特别经费三、名词解释题（本大题共小题，每小题分，共分）7、四、计算分析题（本大题共小题，每小题分，共分）8、五、论述题（本大题共小题，每小题分，共分）9、在我国、在各个企业全面开展物流成本管理活动，有效控制和降低物流费用的重要意义。

物流管理第一章试题及答案

第一章现代物流导论一、名词解释1．物流1．物流定义一：物流是指物品从供应地向接收地的实体流动过程。

根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、搬运、包装、流通加工、配送、信息处理等基本功能实施有机结合。

定义二：物流是供应链运作的一部分，是以满足客户要求为目的，对货物、服务和相关信息在产出地和消费地之间实现高效且经济的正向和反向的流动和储存所进行的计划、执行和控制的过程。

2．回收物流2．回收物流回收物流是指不合格物品的返修、退货以及周转使用的包装容器从需方返回到供方所形成的物品实体流动。

3．物流管理3．物流管理物流管理是指以最低的物流成本达到用户所满意的服务水平，对物流活动进行的计划、组织、协调与控制4．流通加工4．流通加工流通加工是指物品在从生产地到使用地的过程中，根据需要施加包装、分割、计量、分拣、刷标志、拴标签、组装等简单作业的总称。

5．销售物流5．销售物流销售物流是指生产企业、流通企业出售商品时，物品在供方和需方之间的实体流动。

6．运输6．运输用设备和工具，将物品从一地点向另一地点运送的物流活动。

其中包括集货、分配、搬运、中转、装入、卸下、分散等一系列操作。

7．包装7．包装为在流通过程中保护产品、方便运输、促进销售，按一定技术方法而采用的容器、材料及辅助物等的总体名称。

也指为了达到上述目的而采用容器、材料及辅助物的过程中施加一定技术方法等的操作活动。

8．供应物流8．供应物流供应物流是指为生产企业提供原材料、零部件或其他物品时，物品在提供者与需求者之间的实体流动9．废弃物物流9废弃物物流．废弃物物流是指将经济活动中失去原有使用价值的物品，根据实际需要进行收集、分类、加工、包装、搬运、储存等，并分送到专门处理场所时所形成的物品实体流动10．生产物流10生产物流生产物流是指生产过程中，原材料、在制品、半成品、产成品等，在企业内部的实体流动。

二、填空题1．社会经济活动由__生产领域__、__消费领域__和__流通领域__三大领域组成。

淮阴工学院物流工程专业2019-2020学年第一学期现代物流管理基础第一章章节测试

淮阴工学院物流工程专业2019-2020学年第一学期现代物流管理基础第一章章节测试1、物流从（）角度可划分为宏观物流与微观物流。

[单选题] *A、物流在经济中的运行角度(正确答案)B、物流服务对象角度C、物流活动空间范围角度D、物流活动的运作主体2、物流从（）角度可划分为社会物流与企业物流。

[单选题] *A、物流在经济中的运行角度B、物流服务对象角度(正确答案)C、物流活动空间范围角度D、物流活动的运作主体3、物流从（）角度可划分为国际物流、国内物流和区域物流。

[单选题] *A、物流在经济中的运行角度B、物流服务对象角度C、物流活动空间范围角度(正确答案)D、物流活动的运作主体4、物流从（）角度可划分为第一方物流、第二方物流、第三方物流、第四方物流。

[单选题] *A、物流在经济中的运行B、物流服务对象C、物流活动空间范围D、物流活动的运作主体(正确答案)5、物流活动地域跨度大、时间跨度大，这一现象体现物流的（）特征。

[单选题] *A、系统化B、客观性C、大跨度性(正确答案)D、动态性6、物流系统随需求、供应、渠道、价格的变化，而难于长期稳定。

这一现象体现物流（）特征。

[单选题] *A、系统性B、客观性C、大跨度性D、动态性(正确答案)7、物流系统本身具有可分性，可以分成若干个子系统，同时物流系统在整个社会再生产中又处于流通环节中。

这一现象体现物流的（）特征。

[单选题] *A、复杂性B、中间层次性(正确答案)C、网络经济性D、效益背反8、物流系统中某一项活动得到优化将会使系统中的另一活动相应劣化，甚至会出现系统总体恶化的结果。

这一特征称为物流的（）。

[单选题] *A、效益背反(正确答案)B、复杂性D、系统性9、物流线路密度经济和物流网络的幅员经济，是指物流的（）特征。

[单选题] *A、复杂性B、中间层次性C、网络经济性(正确答案)D、效益背反10、在物流领域采取的如：直达运输、联合运输、看板、实行按专门线路配送等管理技术手段，是为了实现（）的目标。

现代物流管理导论第一章习题参考答案

物流基础 第1-7章 习题答案

现代物流管理基础1-2章

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物流师基础知识1-3章单元练习附答案

物流经济学课后习题答案(1-13章)

物流企业管理-课后习题答案 (1)[3页]

墨菲物流学英文版第12版课后习题答案第1章

物流师基础知识1-3章单元练习附答案

物流学概论章节习题及答案

墨菲物流学英文版第12版课后习题答案第1章

第一章 物流基础知识同步习题及答案

第一章物流成本管理绪论试题

物流管理第一章试题及答案

淮阴工学院物流工程专业2019-2020学年第一学期现代物流管理基础第一章章节测试

物流基础第1-7章习题答案

第一章物流基础知识同步习题及答案