英语科技文翻译
科技英语翻译
1.To find the area of a square or oblong,you merely multiply its length by its width.将长乘以宽就可以得到这个长方形的面积。
2.This suggests that matter can be converted into energy.这就是说物质可以转化为能量，能量也可以转化为物质。
3.Quantum chemistry is still in its infancy.量子化学仍处于发展初期。
4.Even the protective environment is no insurance against death from lack of oxygen.即使有防护措施，也不能保证不发生因缺氧而死亡的情况。
5.In any amchine, input work equals output work plus work done against friction.任何机器的输入功都等于输出功加上客服摩擦所做的功。
6.Earthquakes are generally more destructive of life than volcanic eruptions.地震通常比火山爆发更具有杀伤力。
7.Heat should be applied slowly to avoid localized overheating.应慢慢加热以避免出现局部过热现象。
8.How rapidly a fuel burns depends on how thoroughly it is mixed with oxygen or air.燃料燃烧的速度取决于它与氧气或空气的混合程度。
9.Gene mutation is of great importance in breeding new varieties.在新品种培育方面，基因突变是非常重要的。
科技英语翻译(1-3章)
科技英语翻译1.1翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1The power plant is the heart of a ship.动力装置是船舶的心脏。
The power unit for driving the machines is a50-hp induction motor.驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。
第1节翻译练习2Semiconductor devices,called transistors,are replacing tubes in many applications.半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。
Cramped conditions means that passengers’legs cannot move around freely.空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。
All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。
第1节翻译练习3The removal of minerals from water is called softening.去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。
A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts:blade and petiole.双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。
1.2对译者的要求第4节翻译练习1Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。
（直译）All four(outer planets)probably have cores of metals,silicates,and water.这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。
科技英语翻译中译英常
1、直流电是一种总是沿着同一方向流动的电流。
A diret current is a current flowing always in the same direction.2、阿基米德最先发现固体排水的原理．Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies.3、地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜变化．The earth rotates on its own axis, which causes the change from day to night.4、极化产生的异常会远远大于地形引起的异常。
Anomalies due to polarization can be so much larger than those resulting from topography.5、娱乐用水标准的发展是一个棘手的问题。
Development of standards for recreational water is therefore a complicated issue.6、结构材料的选择应使其在外界条件中保持弹性。
Materials to be used for structural purposes are chosen so that they hehave elastically in the environmental conditions.7、柔性转子动平衡一直是现代工业中一项很实用的关键技术。
Flexible rotor balancing is a practical and key technique in modern industry.8、你可以采取手动的方法将此服务添加到本地连接里。
You can manually add the service to the local area connection.9、他们特别强调提高电子设备的质量。
科技英语阅读与翻译
科技英语阅读与翻译【牙齿仙女】Primitive peoples believe that hair， nail clippings， and lost teeth remain magically linked to the owner even after they have been disconnected from his body. As any voodoo artist will tell you， if you want to grind someone into powder， you don't need to touch him at all. It's quite enough to stamp on a missing molar and let ;contagious magic; do the rest. This is why peoples all over the world traditionally hide lost body parts， lest they fall into the wrong hands.远古时期的人们认为毛发、剪下的指甲和脱落的牙齿即使离开了人的身体，仍与其主人保持着神秘的联系。
正如任何一个伏都教大师都会告诉你的，假如你想置某人于死地，根本用不着去碰他，只需用脚踩碎那人脱落的一颗臼齿就够了，剩下的事就交给无边的法力去办。
这就是为什么全世界各个民族都习惯于把身体上脱落的东西藏起来，以免落入恶人之手。
American children's ritual of hiding lost teeth under their pillows probably derives distantly from this practice. But there is an obvious difference， for when Suzie conceals her baby milk-tooth， she fully expects it to be found， and by a good magician， not an evil one. Moreover， she expects to be paid for having surrendered it， and at the going rate. Nothing mare clearly suggests the blithe commercial gusto of our culture than this transformation of a fearful superstition into a cheery business transaction。
科技的利弊英语作文带翻译
科技的利弊英语作文带翻译科技的利弊英语作文带翻译在平平淡淡的学习、工作、生活中，许多人都有过写作文的经历，对作文都不陌生吧，借助作文可以提高我们的语言组织能力。
那么你有了解过作文吗？以下是店铺整理的科技的利弊英语作文带翻译，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
科技的利弊英语作文带翻译篇1科技是把双刃剑Improvement in science and technology is a double-edged sword, offering comfort and convenience to life, while simultaneously bringing harm and pain to people.When the development of science and technology brings mankind plenty of profits, it also brings us severely negative effects.积极影响：positive effects高科技对人类社会发展的积极影响1、促进了社会生产力的迅速发展。
New scientific discovery and technical revolution are changing the social mode of production, promoting the development of the social productivity2、提高了人们的物质和精神文化生活水平。
With the rapid development of science and technology,people's material and spiritual life have been greatly improved现代科技成果广泛应用,使人们的'闲暇生活变得丰富多彩，例如上网游戏，听音乐，看电影等。
科技英语课文翻译
科技英语课文翻译课文翻译英语Unit 1罗素悖论的提出是基于这样的一个事例：设想有这样一群理发师，他们只给不给自己理发的人理发。
假设其中一个理发师符合上述的条件，不给自己理发；然而按照要求，他必须要给自己理发。
但是在这个集合中没有人会给自己理发。
（如果这样的话，这个理发师必定是给别人理发还要给自己理发）1901年，伯特兰罗素悖论的发现打击了他其中的一个数学家同事。
在19世纪后期，弗雷格尝试发展一个基本原理以便数学上能使用符号逻辑。
他确立了形式表达式（如：应。
一种类比是救护车的汽笛声会改变音高――当它朝你行驶，然后通过你身边接着朝另一个方向去了的时候――他的声波首先是压缩的，接着伸长这些测量给了天文学家一个关于宇宙在不同历史点的膨胀速度的图景。
研究人员还发现宇宙如今正在以前所未有的速度在膨胀。
“一开始我们不情愿相信我们的结果，”加州大学伯克利分校的劳伦斯伯克利实验室的天体物理学家Saul Perlmutter说，他领导的一个竞争性的小组发现了和Schmidt以及Riess 相同的结果。
x =2）和数学特性（如偶数）之间的联系。
按照弗雷格理论的发展，我们能自由的用一个特性去定义更多更深远的特性。
1903年，发表在《数学原理》上的罗素悖论从根本上揭示了弗雷格这种集合系统的局限性。
型的集合系统能很好的用俗称集的结构式来描述。
就现在而言，这种类们可以用x代表整数，通过n来表示并且n大于3例如，小于我7，来表示x={n4，5,6这样一个集合。
这种集合的书写形势就是：我们也可让：n是整数，y={x：3n7}x是美国的一个男性居民。
集合中的对象并不一定是数字。
}。
求的空间。
但是，罗素（和策梅洛一起）发现表面上看，似乎任何一个关于x的描述都有一个符合要a中}导致一个矛盾，就像对一群理发师的描述一样。
x={a：xa它本不再身是在x有致命的打击。
尽管这样，他还不能解决这个问题当罗素发现了悖论，的集合中吗？否定的答案导致了矛盾的出现。
科技英语阅读翻译
Before any evidence can be introduced in support of the topic at hand, thedefinition of invention must be established. Legally, an invention is a new, useful, and non-obvious process, machine, or product . Maurice Fabre, author of A History of Land Transportation(1963), offered an interesting take on the automobile and its inventor . "who, for that matter ,can say who invented thewith his steam carriage of 1801, or Benz or Daimler with their first successfulcars of 1886?depends what you meanby an automobile ." in the year 2001, what do we consider the automobile to be ?I invite the reader to take a minute to look out the window . I see a street linedwithcars . Many of these cars possess similar shapes and sizes . Infact, some ofthem are the same make and model, only different colors . What does this tell us about the modern automobile?The modern automobile is not a single vehicle;itfact, we could argue that the modernautomobile is a giant technological systemthatEngineers design the components,manufacture the components,assemblers the components into complete systems,truck driversdeliver the assembled product, and salesmen sell the product to the masses . This brieflogistics and maintain financial accounts,or the separate companies that mine raw materials or design and manufacture the needed machine tools . What would the economy of the United States be like without the modern automobile?Obviously, the modernautomobile and self propelled vehicle are necessarily thesame .翻译：在任何证据被介绍来支持这个主题以前，必须建立发明的定义。
科技英语阅读翻译
1all elements are composed of scattered units called atoms,which are the smallest particles than show the characteristics of the element. atoms are tiny units of matter composed of positively charged protons, negatively charged elements ,and electrically neutral neutrons. protons and neutrons, which have almost the same mass,are clustered in the nucleus in the middle of the atom. electrons,which are tiny in comparison to the other units, move around the nucleus at high speed. atoms that have the same number of electrons and protons are electrically neutral. those that have got or lost electrons,and therefor are positively or negatively charged, are called ions.所有的元素都称为原子的散射单元，这是比显示的元件的特性的最小的颗粒组成。
原子是微小单位的物质组成的带正电的质子，带负电荷的元件和电中性的中子。
质子和中子，它们具有几乎相同的质量，聚集在细胞核内的原子在中间。
的电子，这在其他单位相比是微小的，围绕原子核高速移动。
具有相同的电子和质子数的原子是电中性的。
科技英语翻译范文
科技英语翻译范文因为有了科技的存在，使得我们的生活更加地便利，让我们来赏析它的英语范文。
下面是店铺给大家整理的科技英语范文带翻译，供大家参阅!科技英语范文带翻译1As is vividly depicted by the picture above, a traveler happily starts his journey by high-speed railway from Guangzhou to Wuhan. In the year of 2009, Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway went into operation, reducing travelling time from 12 hours to 3 hours, bringing much convenience to the transportation between the two cities①. No wonder the caption in the picture says “with the Wu-Guang high-speed railway, cities far away is just like a place nearby”.Science and technology are the primary productive forces② and have been playing a key role in the national economy development. On the one hand, progress in science and technology has promoted economic and social progress greatly. Take the high-speed railway as an example. Firstly, the railway becomes a new engine③ of booming of regional economic. Secondly, the railway helps to attract a lot of tourists, so that tourism in these cities flourishes. Last but not the least, the load of the existing transportation network can be released to a great extent. On the other hand, with the development of science and technology, such as the operation of high-speed transportation, video phone, webcam meeting, the world has become smaller and smaller.It has long been a tradition for Chinese government to attach great importance to the advances④ in science and technology. Science and technology has successfully shaped an entirely newimage of China on global stage via the two grand world events, 2008 Olympic Games and 2010 Shanghai World Expo. It is strongly advised that young people should devote themselves into the study of science and technology for “better city, bet ter life”.佳作妙译如上图所示,一位旅客从广州踏上了去往武汉的高速铁路.2009年,武广高铁正式建成通车,将两地之间的行程从12小时缩短到3小时,极大地方便了两地的交通.难怪这幅漫画上写道“有了武广高铁,每个城市都在家门口”.科技是第一生产力,在国民经济发展中扮演着重要角色.一方面,科技的进步促进了经济社会的快速进步.高速铁路就是鲜活的例子.首先这条铁路成为地区经济发展新的引擎.其次铁路吸引了大量游客,这些城市的旅游业随之繁荣起来.再次这条铁路很大程度上缓解了现有线路的运输压力.另一方面,随着科技的发展,高速铁路,视频电话,视频会议等应用会越来越多,世界将变得越来越小.中国政府一直很重视科技的发展,通过2008北京奥运会和2010上海世博两件盛事,科技成功地重塑了中国在世界舞台上的国际形象.因此青少年要怀着“城市,让生活更美好”的信念,积极投身到对科技文化知识的学习上.科技英语范文带翻译2Modern technology makes life more convenient; tools are the milestores of the technology as well as hu man being’ s progress.Men used to cut trees with hand saw. But now, by using electronic saw they can cut down a tree in only a few minutes. Another example is more vivid: You have something urgent which has to be informed to your friend whose house is two hour’s ride away. You probably want to make a phone call. But no telephone is installed in your friend’ s home. What could youdo? Nowadays, with modern technology advanting, using internet is popular with us. Some years ago, people had to get what they wanted through looking into a lot of information; at last people could become tired and spent too much time. Now, if you use Internet, all becomes a piece of cake. Only by clucking, you will gain what you expect.We all hope that modern technology will reach a higher level, because modern technology makes life more convenient indeed.[参考译文]现代科技使生活更加便捷现代科技使生活更加便捷;工具是科技进步和人类进步的里程碑.人类过去用手锯锯树,但是现在,用电锯可在几分钟内锯倒一棵树.另外一个例子更加生动形象：如果你有急事通知你的朋友,而他家距你家有2小时的路程,你可能想打个电话.但是你的朋友家又没安电话,你该怎么办?如今,随着现代科技的进步,使用网络已很流行.若干年前,人们不得不查找大量资料来搜集需要的信息,最后人累得疲惫不堪,还浪费了大量时间.现在,如果使用网络,一切就都是小菜一碟了.只要轻敲键盘,就会有求必应.我们都期待着现代科技能达到一个更高的水平,因为现代科技确实使生活变得更便捷.科技英语范文The development of science and technology makes our life more comfortable and convenient. However, scientists have created many problems, which are not easy to be resolved, such as air pollution, the deterioration of environment and the scarcity of natural resources, to which we must some solutions.Modern science and technology render people many advantages. Modern telecommunication shortens the distance between people and makes communication much easier. Internet is widely used now not only for collection of abundantinformation but also for correspondence. Email, the most effective communication device now, is becoming very popular. Besides, telephone and mobile phone make contact more convenient than before.Modern transportation, such as airplanes and high-speed trains make our journey smooth and fast. With the help of modern transportation, people can go everywhere they prefer to. The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more. Rockets and space shuttles can help us realize the dream of space travel.Modern medicine prolongs peoples life and relieves patients of sufferings from many diseases. Cancer and AIDS are fatal to peoples health. Thanks to the endeavors scientists have made, these diseases become treatable.However, the process of scientific development also arouses many sever problems to our human beings. Internet, though widely used in modern communication, is easy to be destroyed by computer virus. Outer space exploration has produced much waste in the space. A tiny metal, a screw, for example can destroy a flying man-made satellite. Industrialization is making natural resources become scarce.Confronted with these problems, scientists are seeking prompt and feasible solutions. The development of science and technology bring about both positive and negative effects to us. We must eliminate the positive effects to the least extent.。
科技文化类英语作文带翻译
科技文化类英语作文带翻译1. Technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to smart homes, we are surrounded by gadgets and devices that make our lives easier and more convenient. It's amazing how technology has evolved and how it has seamlessly integrated into our culture. We rely on it for communication, entertainment, and even for basic tasks like grocery shopping. It's hard to imagine a world without technology now.科技已经成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。
从智能手机到智能家居，我们被各种各样的小工具和设备所包围，使我们的生活变得更加便利。
科技的发展和融入我们的文化是令人惊讶的。
我们依赖科技进行沟通、娱乐，甚至是基本的购物任务。
现在很难想象一个没有科技的世界。
2. Technology has also changed the way we interact with each other. Social media platforms have become a virtual space where people connect, share their thoughts, and express themselves. It has opened up new avenues forcommunication and has made the world a smaller place. We can now easily connect with people from different parts of the world and share our experiences with them. It has also given rise to a new form of celebrity culture, where influencers and YouTubers have millions of followers and can influence trends and opinions.科技也改变了我们彼此之间的互动方式。
科技英语阅读与翻译全文
科技英语阅读与翻译全文Humanitarian Aid in SpaceSpace exploration technology will benefit developing countries in a variety of ways. Whether it's information about climate change or communication technologies that give remote areas access to the world outside, space science can come to the aid of vulnerable people in many countries.For the past two decades, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has been sending humanitarian aid dispatched from its space platform. This ambitious project has proved successful, and it’s been praised for its achievements in various aspects.The two strategic areas set forth for JAXA’s humanitarian aid effort are science and education. JAXA’s donations of books and puzzle sets are enabling elementary and junior high school kids in India to study science and math. There are plans to utilize remote sensing data to map out natural resources in Nepalese countryside and expand education related to environmental issues in Vietnam. In addition the agency is sending educational videos to the island nation of Palau tobetter understand their own local wildlife.JAXA is considered to be a pioneer in this area since the launch of their humanitarian aid initiative in 1997. The organization strives to make use of space applications for social welfare and reduce disparities in the world through a number of practical endeavors. The effort currently has a global reach, with projects taking place in seven continent, from Latin America to Africa.JAXA’s humanitarian aid programs will continue to grow with better technology and increased resources. The ongoing work reinforces the concept that space science and technology have the potential to contribute to enhancing the lives of people on Earth.人道主义援助在太空太空探索技术将在各个方面受益于发展中国家。
未来科技英语小作文带翻译
In the future, technology will continue to evolve at an unprecedented pace, transforming our lives in ways we can only begin to imagine. Heres a short essay in American English about future technology, followed by its translation into Chinese. Title: The Future of TechnologyAs we stand on the precipice of the next technological revolution, the possibilities seem endless. The future of technology promises to be a blend of convenience, efficiency, and innovation that will redefine our daily lives.Artificial Intelligence AIAI will become an integral part of our society, taking on roles in various sectors such as healthcare, education, and transportation. Personal AI assistants will be as common as smartphones are today, offering personalized advice and solutions tailored to our individual needs.Renewable EnergyThe shift towards renewable energy sources will be complete, with solar, wind, and geothermal power becoming the norm. This transition will not only help combat climate change but also reduce our dependence on fossil fuels.Space ExplorationSpace will no longer be the final frontier but a new frontier for human habitation and research. With the establishment of colonies on Mars and beyond, we will witness a new era of space travel and exploration.Virtual Reality VR and Augmented Reality ARVR and AR will merge with our reality, offering immersive experiences for education, entertainment, and even remote work. The boundaries between the digital and physical worlds will blur, creating new opportunities for interaction and creativity.BiotechnologyAdvancements in biotechnology will lead to breakthroughs in personalized medicine,allowing for treatments tailored to an individuals genetic makeup. This will revolutionize healthcare and potentially extend human lifespan.Translation:当我们站在下一次技术革命的边缘时，可能性似乎是无限的。
科技英语课文句子翻译Unit110
科技英语课词句子翻译Unit110适用标准文档Sentence TranslationUnit 1Text A1.However, the volume of business done on the Internet is growing rapidly, as people orderbooks and other products to make money transactions.可是，因特网上的交易数目急速增添，人们从网上购书和其余的产品，进行资本交易。
2.They use them to prowl the Internet, looking for ways to break into computers systems runby banks, telephone companies and even government departments.他们用电脑上网，找寻能够进入银行电脑系统、电话公司的电脑系统、甚至是政府的电脑系统的方式。
3.The first indication of a security breach may be when a customer discovers a fraudulent moneytransaction on a credit card account.当顾客发现信誉卡的帐号上出现了来历不明的花费时，这可能就是安全遇到了损坏的第一个标记。
4.The use of credit cards to buy things on the Internet converts the issue of Internetsecurity into one of general security.用信誉卡在网上购物使网络安全变为了大众所广泛关注的安全的一种5.Few people think twice about giving a credit card number over the phone and many are equallycareless about what happens to the carbon copy when completing a transaction overthe counter.好多人会在电话里任意报出自己的信誉卡号码，相同地，也有好多人不留神交易达成后放在银行柜台上的副本。
科技英语阅读翻译(张敏)
Unlocking the Climate Puzzle解开气候之谜(1)Life has prospered on this planet for nearly four billion years. In that time, climate had fluctuated drastically, from ice ages lasting tens of thousands of years to epochs of steamy heat. With each change, sundry species have benefited and flourished.Others adapted, faltered, or died. Now, many experts believe, humans are imperiling their own ecological niche with the threat of global warming. The vaporous by-products of civilization, in the form of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (C0₂), have trapped enough heat in the atmosphere to raise Earth's average surface air temperature a half degree Celsius (one degree Fahrenheit) during this century. If the trend continues, it could alter climate patterns worldwide-thawing glaciers, boosting sea level, scorching plains into deserts, and shifting vegetation zones.（1）生命在这个星球上已经发展了近四十亿年。
科技文本翻译例子
科技文本翻译例子1、深部煤巷锚杆支护技术的研究与实践Research and Practice of Bolting Support Technology in Deep Coal Roadways.2、无约束物体动力学普适方程的变分导出Derivation of a Universal Equation for Unrestrained Bodies with Calculus of Variations.3、粗品材料缺陷的超声信号及其小波包分析Ultrasonic Signal of Defects in A Coarse-grained Material and Its Wavelet Package Analysis.4、汽车车轮动平衡研究Research on the Dynamic Balance of Motorcar Wheel.5、有关取向分布函数计算方法的某些问题About the Calculus Of the Orientation Distribution Of Function.6、造纸厂污水对河流污染程度调查The Survey Paper Mil Waste Water Discharged To the River Pollution.7、网络环境下的信息素质教育On Information Retrieval Teaching Under the Network Environment.8、先进复合材料与航空航天Advanced Composite Materials and Aerospace Engineering.9、工艺中树脂固化温度与介电性能Temperature and Dielectric Properties of Resin during RTM Process RTM.10、使用毛细电泳仪根据泰勒扩散理论测量纳米粒子的扩散系数Determination of Nanoparticle Diffusion Coefficients by Taylor DispersionAnalysis Using A Capillary Electrophoresis Instrument.11、亚马孙雨林对干早的灵敏度Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rein-forest.。
科技英语阅读原文及翻译(李健版,单元1-7)
Unit 1 EnvironmentEarth’s Health in Sharp Decline, Massive Study Finds大规模研究发现：地球的“健康”每况愈下The report card has arrived from the largest ever scientific Earth analysis, and many of the planet’s ecosystems are simply not making the grade.有史以来对地球进行的最大规模的科学分析结果表明，地球上的许多生态系统都达不到标准。
The UN-backed Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Synthesis Report found that nearly two-thirds of Earth’s life-supporting ecosystems, including clean water, pure air, and stable climate, are being degraded by unsustainable use.由联合国主持的《千年生态系统评估综合报告》指出，由于不可持续的使用，地球上将近三分之二的用来维持生命的生态系统（包括干净的水源、纯净的空气以及稳定的气候）正遭受破坏。
Human has caused much of this damage during the past half century. Soaring demand for food, fresh water, timber, fiber and fuel have led to dramatic environmental changes, from deforestation to chemical pollution, the report says. The already grim situation may worsen dramatically during the first half of the 21st century, the report’s authors warn.以上大部分的破坏都是人类在过去的半个世纪里造成的。
科技类文章中英文对照范文带翻译
科技类文章中英文对照范文带翻译现在是科技的时代了，因循守旧是行不通的，应该追随科技的脚步前进。
下面店铺整理了中英文对照的科技类文章，希望大家喜欢! 中英文对照的科技类文章篇一印度首富百亿美元建4G网免费向全国提供India's richest man is rolling out a $20 billion mobile network that could bring lightning-fast Internet to hundreds of millions of people.印度首富正斥资200亿美元建设移动网络，或可使十亿人高速连接互联网。
Indian consumers are already celebrating the arrival of Mukesh Ambani's new Reliance Jio service, seizing on the billionaire's promise to deliver rock bottom prices and download speeds that will enable streaming video.印度消费者已经在庆祝穆克什•安巴尼新推出的瑞来斯Jio网络服务。
这位亿万富翁承诺，该网络会以最低价格提供满足流媒体使用的下载速度。
The 4G network, which reaches more than 80% of the country, officially went live Monday with a set of generous introductory offers.这个覆盖印度超过80%地区的4G网络于周一正式开通，同时慷慨附送试用套餐。
Indians will be able to use Jio for free until the end of 2016, and pay as little as 149 rupees ($2.25) a month for data after that.印度人到今年年底都可免费使用Jio网络，之后的网费也只有每月149卢比(2.25美金)。
科技英语 翻译10篇
Teach Predictions for 20101. Finally, Apple Unveils the TabletOfficially, Apple has never said a word about making a tablet computer. Yet for months, everyone in tech has been talking and writing and arguing about the Apple tablet as if it's already here. The product has already received more press than most products that actually exist. Bloggers debate its faults and flaws, its strengths and Shortcomings--such is life in the weird and wonderful world of Apple. And this does not happen by accident. Apple orchestrates this stuff. It did the same thing with the iPhone, remember? For a year before the prodtict was unveiled, rumors circulated and fake prototype photos popped up all over the place. Ifs all about creating hype, and wrapping a product in a cloud of mystery and drama, so that by the time you do unveil it people are dying to buy it just tosee what all the fuss is about.The great thing about Apple, however, is that usually the products live up to the hype. Certainly the iPhone has. Arguably, it is the single most important tech product of the past decade. Will the tabletbe as profound? We think it will be. Amazon's Kindle has pioneered the market for a portable reading device. But Kindle is far from perfect. Our bet is that Apple enters this space the way it did with the iPod and iPhone: it lets others do the pioneering work and make all the mistakes, then comes along with a product that blows the predecessors away. Better design. Better build quality. Better service. And a user interface experience that’s light years ahead of everyone else's on the planet.2. Murdoch Pulls out of GoogleThe biggest, most powerful, and once-thought-to-be indestructible print media outlets have arrived at their moment of reckoning. For a decade, the likes of the Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, and The New York Times (not to mention innumerable other oudets), have offered up their best work on a silver, online platter-- for free. Look at where it got them. The first is in jeopardy of closing up shop, the Post has shuttered its domestic bureaus, and the Gray Ladys just eliminated some 100 newsroom jobs, the second such move in two years. Enter Rupert Murdoch, theoutspoken Aussie head of News Corp whose empire spans from the Times of London to the most august business publication in the United States, The Wall Street Journal. For months now, he has been ranting about the free consumption of news online. His radical idea? Murdoch wants to stop Google from indexing his sites, and he wants Microsoft to pay for the privilege instead. In other words, he wants someone to pay for the stuff his journalists produce.A chorus of bloggers is crying that the old man's thinking cuts against the force of history--namely, that information wants to be free, and that any future-minded company ignores that fact at its peril. Techdirt says the news baron is a hypocrite. Boing Boing says Murdoch's threat to block searches and shroud his sites with paywalls is nothing more than a bluff. Think again. This isn't a doddering old coot who doesn't get the Web. Murdoch is a savvy business-man who just might lead an industry back into the reality-based community. With billions in cash on hand, he can afford short-term losses as his properties experiment with strategies that do not involve the essential untenability of giving the product away. And once he proves that a news publication can poke Google in the eye and survive, others will follow suit. After all, if they don't, Murdoch may be the only one left standing.3. Malw Disrupts FacebookWhen it comes to malware, the law of gravity is this: the bad guys go where the money is. That's why threats to computer users have evolved from viruses to botnets and phishing attacks--each iteration is more likely to produce profit. How does a piece of malware make money, exactly? In a number of ways, from rifling through your files for bank-account information and credit-card numbers, to turning your computer into a spam factory. The follow-the-money rule also helps explain why there aren't many threats for *Mac computers. They may have some security advantages over PCs, but mostly their market share isn't big enough to be worth malware creatorg time. )It follows that as we conduct more of our lives online, malefactors will follow us there. And where is the biggest action on the Web today? Facebook, which just signed up its 350 millionth user and shows no sign of slowing down. Facebook has seen malware before; the latest threat is an especially virulent edition of the "Koobface" worm that has bedeviled the social network for months. It's going to get worse from here. Facebook has a team of smart engineers dedicated to keeping malicious activity off the site, but with the network ballooning in size, they'll need to redouble their defenses in even greater proportion.4. Starbucks Will Stalk YouPrivacy is so passe. We've become addicted to broadcasting our lives to the world, and the mobile phone is our greatest enabler. That's especially true now that GPS is a standard feature. And today's hottest startups are racing to become the ankle bracelet of choice, doing everything they can to track our every move and indulge our shout-it-from-the-rooftops exhibitionism. Location-aware services like Foursquare, which awards points every time you check into a bar or restaurant, have become staples among the early-adopter crowd. Meanwhile, Twitter6 has added geolocation to its service, meaning each tweet is like a thumbtack on the map of your daily travels. Rumors have it that Facebook, with its 350 million users, is heading in the same direction. It's only a matter of time before advertisers follow. You can almost hear the screams of joy coming from marketing departments nationwide: soon companies will be able to target their ad campaigns based not just on who you are, but where you are. Passing by a Starbucks? Your phone just offered you 10 percent off a peppermint latte!5. Movie Downloads Stall Blu-rayBlu-ray may have won the war with its rival, HD-DVD---but does anyone care? While consumers were waiting for the two formats to duke it out--nobody wanted to plunk down several hundred bucks on a losing technology--they discovered that downloading movies to their homes has matured into a great way to watch their favorite titles. A Harris Interactive poll in June found that only 7 percent of consumers without Blu-ray players planned on buying one in the next year. Whafs holding back a format that everyone agrees is showstoppingly gorgeous to watch? Money is a big part of it, of course. Getting video over the Internet through iTunes9 or Amazon Video on Demand can be much cheaper than purchasing physical copies. Sometimes the value is truly insane: all it costs to binge out on seasons one, two, and three of Friday Night Lights is $ 8.99. That's the price of the cheapest monthly subscription to Netflix, which allows unlimited streaming of some shows and movies to your PC, or to your big screen if you own an Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, newer TiVo, or a similar device,Yes, a Blu-ray disk provides better quality picture and sound. But as Wired magazine argued in a recent cover story, consumers are enjoying a "Good Enough Revolution" : we're nuts about MP3s, even if they sound kind of crappy, and we can't watch enough YouTube clips, even though they're pixellated and choppy. The feverish pursuit of top quality is no longer our only concern. Sometimes convenience matters more.6. Your Phone Replaces Your WalletDuring its most recent pledge drive, the popular public-radio program This American Life followed a familiar script, exhorting its users to chip in $10, $ 5, even just $1, to help pay for its weekly broadcast. The pitch wasn't new, but one of the payment methods was instead of heading to your computer and entering your credit-card information, you could simply send $ 5 to the show via text message. Long promised, never realized, mobile payments will finally take off in the U. S. in 2010. Already the sector is a beehive of activity, with companies like Zong and mPayy enabling cus tomers to pay for online purchases with only a phone number. Obopay, another mobilepayments company, received $ 35 million from Nokia in 2009, and it will have a wide rollout on that company's phones. Perhaps the best sign that the sector is poised for takeoff is that Twitter creator and tech superstar Jack Dorsey has set his sights on it. His new company, Square, launched in December, allows merchants to accept credit-card payments with cell phones. True, Square doesn't untether us from plastic just yet, but it's only a matter of time before "Cash or credit?" becomes "Cash or cell?"7. Facebook Goes PublicAt only 25 years old, Facebook's Mark Zuckerberg has turned his donn-room idea into a global empire. Might he identify with Alexander the Great, who wept at the size of his dominion because there were no more lands left to conquer? Not just yet: he can still take the company public. In November, the social-networking company took a major step toward that event by announcing that it was creating two classes of stock: one class suitable for sale in an initial public offering, and one that is vested with 10 times the voting power. An IPO under those conditions would flood the company with cash while keeping control firmly in Zuckerbergs hands. If that sounds familiar, it's because the strategy is the same one used by Google before it went public in 2004. Zuckerberg is as cutthroat and super-ambitious as he is socially awkward that is to say, very--and he would stand to become an actual billionaire, not just a virtual one. His Personal wealth has yo-yo'd in line with various private valuations of his company over the years. Facebook also announced this year that it is cash-flow positive, and a successful IPO would cement the site as a viable business, while archrival Twitter stillscrambles for a business model.8. Twitter Use FlatlinesTwitter is almost synonymous with explosive growth. But there are signs that 2009's darling of the Internet has already begun to level off, a reversal that would have seemed impossible not long ago. In February 2oo9, Nielsen Online reported that Twitter's 7 million unique visitors constituted more than 1,000 percent growth in just a year's time. Ashton Kutcher, after beating CNN to the million-follower mark in a neckand-neck race, began blasting past later milestones with ease. (He's now at 4.1 million followers. ) And when Oprah Winfrey embraced the service in April, Twitter's popularity simply hockey-sticked.There were skeptics all along-- Nielsen also reported last spring that 60 percent of Twitter users failed to return after one month but excitement about the new mediurm's potential made them easy to dismiss. Now the data have become difficult to ignore. Twitters U. S. traffic actually declined from September to October, according to a range of measures. We're by no means Twitter haters--here's proof--but it seems clear that the service is in for a period of modest performance, as sign-ups of new users are measured against better estimates of existing users who neglect their accounts. One of the things that has made Twitter so successful is its wide-open API; ironically, that same transparency can provide a reality check on the number of people who have let their accounts go totally dormant who began tweeting during the Oprah bubble, but turned out to be making just a short stop at the birdbath.9. Microsoft Pushes Out Steve BallmerBallmer's 10th anniversary as CEO of Mierosoft arrives in January, but ifs hard to imagine he'll be celebrating. Mierosoft stock has dropped by nearly 50 percent on his watch, lagging not just other teeh eompanies but even the Dow Jones industrial average. Distracted by the Windows Vista fiasco, Ballmer has missed every big new tech market of the past decade. Google won the race for Internet search and keyword advertising. Apple won in MP3 players and online music sales, and now holds the high ground in mobile phones, while Windows Mobile fades away. Microsoft's Zune music player is a dud. Bing, Microsoft's search engine, will never catch Google. Ballmer is said to be a brilliant guy, but he got a black eye for the way he blundered and blustered and finally botched an attempted acquisition of Yahoo. He's a screamer and a bit of a bully--not the easiest guy to work for. If Microsoft were any other company, this guy would be in trouble. But the catch is, Ballmer was put into the job by Microsoft founder Bill Gates, and the two have been pals since their undergraduate days at Harvard. If Gates wants to get rid of Ballmer, he' 11 have to craft some kind of graceful exit that lets his buddy save face. Another problem: there's no heir apparent on the management team. Nevertheless, investors must be getting restless. Soon they'll start calling for a shake-up.10. Google Faces Antitrust SuitThe Feds are already looking at Google on a variety of fronts. Its deal with book publishers has drawn scrutiny. In 2009 it was hassled by the Federal Trade Commission over possible anticompetitive connections because it shared two board members with Apple, a situation that got resolved when Google CEO Eric Schmidt quit Apple's board, and Arthur Levinson, an Apple board member, quit the Google board. Regulators freaked out again when Google tried to make a search partnership with Yahoo. Supposedly the Feds were ready to bring charges, but then Google walked away from the deal.After facing this scrutiny in the past year, Google has launched a kind of ongoing publicity campaign, wooing the media and hoping to convince people that it isn't really a big bad company. It likes to say that it's operating in a highly competitive field and that its users can leave with the click of a mouse. But the fact is, Google handles two thirds of all searches in the United States. Whether that can legally be defined as a "monopoly" and whether Google can be shown to have abused its powerful market position remains to be seen. But regulators here and/or in the European Union will find Google so tempting a target that they will not be able to resist bringing a case to find out.Addicts of the Information AgeAmong everybody from our leaders to our teenagers, no habit is spreading faster than being connected 24/7 via a smart phone.[2] Its penetration in the U.S. is estimated at 18%, and it seems that everywhere you turn, people are using their smart phones in new ways and in new places. Samsung recently estimated that it expects 500 million global smart-phone users by 2012. Actual phone calls are becoming extinct compared with handheld texts and email messages--whoever thought people would prefer typing to talking? But the evidence appears to say they do.[3"] This has also given rise to a group of people--the top 10% of smart-phone users--who just can't stop. They are the smartphoniacsI, the true addicts of the information age.[4] Here are five tell-tale2 traits of Smartphoniacs :Do they take their smart phones with them when they get up from the table to go to the restroom---and do they take an awful lot of trips there?Do you receive messages from them while you know they are driving (increasingly being harmed in state after state), or at midnight on Saturday night?Do they come up with excuses in the middle of a conversation to pull out their smart phone--something like "let me jot something you said down so I don't forget it", and then sneak a look at all their messages?Are they suffering from sprained or elongated thumbs?Do they openly use their smart phones in inappropriate places, such as first dates, at Rosh Hashanah4 or Christmas dinner, in hospital delivery rooms, or on job interviews?[5 ] If your "friend" fits four out of five of these, then he or she is a smartphoniac. If he fits only two or three of them, he is just another typical user who stays connected on the street, in meetings and at the movies.[6] As these devices pop up everywhere, there has been a recent spate of articles about smart-phone "manners"--as if using your phone when your boss, or your mother, is talking to you is just a matter of poor training on their part. I don't think your boss or your mom ever said "go ahead, text while I'm talking to you". So it's just not a matter of manners. Ifs much more the result of a deeper disconnect anxiety, an irrepressible fear that you will miss something if you put it away.[7] I once worked with a candidate for Senate who emailed me from the podiums during a debate. Many 'CEOs communicate today primarily from their smart phones. Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama used them on the campaign trail, while John MeCain didn't.[8] The famed red phone to call the Russian premier in the event of a national security emergency could now be replaced by a red smart phone. Imagine if the world's top leaders were all connected bysmart phones and they communicated directly and frequently about issues of mutual concern. It would revolutionize diplomacy.[9] But Smartphoniacs are an eclectic mix of the successful and powerful, busy professionals, teenagers and college students. All of them commtmicate incessantly.[10] In Korea, more than three in 10 youths who carry mobile phones are said to be addicted. In Germany, there are an estimated 380,000 texting addicts—folks who withdraw from the very family and friends their machines were supposed to connect them to. While there hasn't been a formal study of Smartphoniacs in America, we know that between the second quarter of 2007 and the second quarter of 2008, the North American smart-phone market grew 78.7%. About 139.3 million smart phones were sold world-wide last year, and half of U. S. smart-phone users report using their devices more today than they did just three months ago.[11] Last month, the National Texting Championship award and its $ 50,000 grand prize went to a 15-year-old who texts 500 times a day. A recent poll found that 42% of teens can text with their eyes closed. And based on other studies on the intensity of smart-phone use, we can guess that Smartphoniacs skew male, affluent and well-educated. Not since the television has any invention changed the lifestyle habits of Americans more than the smart phone. The recent movie Seven Pounds detailed the guilt of an executive who caused a fatal car crash because he emailed while driving.[12] To be sure, there are forces calling for temperance7. Some people refuse to date people who use smart phones. Many parents just say no. Legislators are getting into the act to protect public safety. But for the most part, Americans of every age and stage are wrapping themselves in apps, chcks and instantaneous communication as part of a social network. And some small but significant percentage of this group is going to take a one-way slide to the bottom, where the compulsion to use their smart phones is so strong that they can only hope their batteries last long enough to text a cry for help.[13] We're not far away from Smartphoniacs Anonymous or Mothers Against Smart Phones. We've been through this with TV, the Intemet and videogames. In the end it all works out and we successfully integrate them into our lives, even though we are never again the same. At least with smart phones, with all their usage counters, we will be able to tell who has recovered from the binges.。
科技英语原文及简单翻译
科技英语原文及简单翻译How ASIMO WorksIntroduction to How ASIMO WorksWant a robot to cook your dinner, do your homework, clean your house, or get your groceries? Robots already do a lot of the jobs that we humans don't want to do, can't do, or simply can't do as well as our robotic counterparts.Honda engineers have been busy creating the ASIMO robot for more than 20 years. In this article, we'll find out what makes ASIMO the most advanced humanoid robot to date.The Honda Motor Company developed ASIMO, which stands for Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility, and is the most advanced humanoid robot in the world. According to the ASIMO Web site, ASIMO is the first humanoid robot in the world that can walk independently and climb stairs.Rather than building a robot that would be another toy, Honda wanted to create a robot that would be a helper for people -- a robot to help around the house, help the elderly, or help someone confined to a wheelchair or bed. ASIMO is 4 feet 3 inches (1.3 meters) high, This allows ASIMO to do the jobs it was created to do without being too big and menacing.ASIMO's Motion: Walk Like a HumanHonda researchers began by studying the legs of insects, mammals, and the motion of a mountain climber with prosthetic legs to better understand the physiology and all of the things that take place when we walk -- particularly in the joints. For example, the fact that we shift our weight using our bodies and especially our arms inorder to balance was very important in getting ASIMO's walking mechanism right. The fact that we have toes that help with our balance was also taken intoconsideration: ASIMO actually has soft projections on its feet that play a similar role to the one our toes play when we walk. This soft material also absorbs impact on the joints, just as our soft tissues do when we walk.ASIMO has hip, knee, and foot joints. Robots have joints that researchers refer to as \degrees of freedom.\A single degree of freedom allows movement either right and left or up and down. ASIMO has 34 degrees of freedom spread over different points of its body in order to allow it to move freely. There are three degrees of freedom in ASIMO's neck, seven on each arm and six on each leg. The number of degrees offreedom necessary for ASIMO's legs was decided by measuring human joint movement while walking on flat ground, climbing stairs and running.ASIMO also has a speed sensor and a gyroscope sensor mounted on its body. They perform the tasks of:? ?sensing the position of ASIMO's body and the speed at which it is moving relaying adjustments for balance to the central computer These sensors work similarly to our inner ears in the way they maintain balance and orientation.ASIMO also has floor surface sensors in its feet and six ultrasonic sensors in its midsection. These sensors enhance ASIMO's ability to interact with its environment by detecting objects around ASIMO and comparing gathered information with maps of the area stored in ASIMO's memory.To accomplish the job our muscles and skin do in sensing muscle power, pressure and joint angles, ASIMO has both joint-angle sensors and a six-axis force sensor.Unless you know a lot about robotics, you may not fully grasp the incredible milestone it is that ASIMO walks as we do. The most significant part of ASIMO's walk is the turning capabilities. Rather than having to stop and shuffle, stop and shuffle, and stop and shuffle into a new direction, ASIMO leans and smoothly turns just like a human. ASIMO can also self-adjust its steps in case it stumbles, is pushed, or otherwise encounters something that alters normal walking.In order to accomplish this, ASIMO's engineers had to find a way to work with the inertial forces created when walking. For example, the earth's gravity creates a force, as does the speed at which you walk. Those two forces are called the \inertial force.\ground, called the \posture has to work to make it happen. This is called the \zero moment point\(ZMP). To control ASIMO's posture, engineers worked on three areas of control:? ?Floor reaction control means that the soles of the feet absorb floor unevenness while still maintaining a firm stance.Target ZMP control means that when ASIMO can't stand firmly and its body begins to fall forward, it maintains position by moving its upper body in the direction opposite the impending fall. At the same time, it speeds up its walking to quickly counterbalance the fall.?Foot-planting location control kicks in when the target ZMP control has been activated. It adjusts the length of the step to regain the right relationship between the position and speed of the body and the length of the step.ASIMO's Motion: Smooth MovesASIMO can sense falling movements and react to them quickly; but ASIMO's engineers wanted more. They wanted the robot to have a smooth gait as well as do something that other robots can't do -- turn without stopping.When we walk around corners, we shift our center of gravity into the turn. ASIMO uses a technology called \predictive movement control,\Intelligent Real-Time Flexible Walking Technology or I-Walk, to accomplish that same thing. ASIMO predicts how much it should shift its center of gravity to the inside of the turn and how long that shift should be maintained. Because this technolgy works in real time, ASIMO can do this without stopping between steps, which other robots must do.Essentially, with every step ASIMO takes, it has to determine its inertia and then predict how its weight needs to be shifted for the next step in order to walk and turn smoothly. It adjusts any of the following factors in order to maintain the right position:? ? ? ?the length of its steps its body position its speedthe direction in which it is steppingWhile reproducing a human-like walk is an amazing achievement, ASIMO can now run at speeds up to 3.7 miles per hour (6 kilometers per hour). In order to qualify as a true running robot, ASIMO must have both feet off the ground for an instant in each step. ASIMO manages to be airborne for .08 seconds with each step while running. Honda engineers encountered an entirely new set of challenges while trying to give ASIMO the ability to run. They gave ASIMO’s torso a degree of freedom to aid in bending and twisting so that the robot could adjust its posture while airborne. Without this ability, ASIMOwould lose control while airborne, possibly spinning in the air or tripping when landing.In order to make turns smoothly while running, the engineers enhanced ASIMO's ability to tilt its center of gravity inside turns to maintain balance and counteractcentrifugal force. ASIMO could even anticipate turns and begin to lean into them before starting the turn, much like you would if you were skiing or skating.ASIMO如何工作介绍如何工作。
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65Mn钢锯齿激光淬火的组织和硬度研究The Laser-quenching Texture and Hardness Research of 65-Mn Steel Sawtooth摘要：使用Nd:YAG脉冲激光器对65Mn钢锯齿进行表面强化，研究了不同激光淬火工艺参数对表面硬化层的影响。
使用光学显微镜和维氏硬度计对不同激光淬火工艺条件下的试样进行显微组织分析和硬度测试。
结果表明：各组试样均完全淬透，激光淬火后组织全部为马氏体，试样硬度均显剧提升。
其中1号工艺参数淬火区硬度分布均匀，硬度为60HRC，满足生产要求。
Abstract: In this study, the effect of different laser-quenching craft parameters on the surface hardened case of 65-Mn steel sawtooth was strengthened using Nd:YAG pulsed laser. Samples under diverse laser-quenching conditions were analyzed the microstructure and tested the hardness, exploiting optical microscope and Vickers. The results indicated that all groups of samples are absolutely quenched, all tissues are martensite, and their hardness is dramatically improved after they were quenched in the pulsed laser. Especially the hardness of the first craft parameters quenched area equably distribute, which is 60 HRC, fitting productive request.引言：65M钢是一种强度较高，具有一定韧性和塑性的合金钢，其广泛应用于生产金属冷切圆锯片。
随着我国冶金工业的发展，用于切割各种型材的圆锯片需求量也剧增，因此提高国产65Mn钢锯片的质量变得尤为重要。
结合锯片的服役条件，锯片失效由刃部表面的擦伤逐渐演变为疲劳裂纹扩展源，同时也发生着刻画磨损和粘着磨损，因此冶金锯片的硬度和抗磨损能力是关系到锯片使用寿命的关键性能指标。
为了提高65Mn钢的性能，相关研究者在工艺上做了一些探索，冯旭东等研究了淬火工艺对65Mn钢组织及硬度的影响。
传统提高65Mn钢锯片性能的方法多数采用热处理方式，虽然其性能得到提升，但传统的热处理存在工艺繁琐，生产周期长，淬火冷却效果不佳，以及变形、硬度分布不均匀等问题。
因此有必要改进处理方式来提高65Mn钢锯片的性能。
Introduction: 65Mn steel is widely applied to produce metal coldcutting circular saw blade, which is a kind of alloy steel with high strength, plasticity, tenacity. With the rapid development of domestic metallurgy industry, the quantity demand of rounded saw blade used to cut various kind of material is quickly increased. Thus it is essential to improve the quality of domestic 65Mn hacksaw. According to the service condition of saw blade, the hardness and antifraying ability of metallurgy saw edge is vital performance index on its useful life. Because hacksaw failure forms are caused as edge surface scratch comes to become source of fatigue crack propagation, include also sculpture wear and adhesive wear.In order to enhance the properties of 65Mn steel, relative researchers have done some exploration on craft. Fox example, Feng Xudong researched the effect of quenching craft on 65Mn steel texture and hardness.The mostly traditional ways to boost the properties of 65Mn hacksaw are heat treatment ways, which can improve the strength, but conventional thermal treatment ways have a lot of deficiencies, such as complicated craft, long production phase, inferior quencher chilling efficiency, and asymmetrical deformation and hardness distribution. Therefore, it is justified without any exaggeration that it is necessary to optimize the ways to enhance 65Mn hacksaw properties.激光相变硬化处理是一种具有良好前景的表面工程技术，与其它处理方式相比，激光表面处理工件具有较小的变形，易于实现自动化。
而且激光处理是一种清洁能源，同时属于绿色制造，对环境的改善也具有重要的意义。
在工业应用中激光表面硬化处理已经广泛用于提高工件的抗疲劳和摩擦磨损性能。
激光相变原理包括：（1）通过高功率激光的作用增强钢表面温度达到奥氏体相变临界点以上；（2）基体的自冷却而实现快速冷却，不需要油水等冷却介质；（3）在保护气体下的自淬火等。
陈卓君等对65Mn钢激光表面强化工艺参数进行了研究，得出当激光功率1200w，扫描速度20mm/s，光斑直径2.5mm，强化区的显微硬度达到最大值1670HV。
黄永俊等对农机用65Mn钢预热处理后激光强化组织及性能进行了研究，他认为：激光强化组织有表层熔凝区（激光熔凝）、完全淬火、不完全淬火区、热影响区组成。
许多研究者已经报道了关于不锈钢激光淬火，但是很少有人报道关于65Mn钢锯齿激光淬火。
Laser transformation hardening dispose is a promising surface engineering technology. Compared to other ways, work-piece treated in laser surface technology holds negligible deformation and is easily produced in automatic way. The laser dispose named green manufacturing is a kind of clean energy, which is significant to improve the environment. Laser surface transformation hardening dispose has been already widely applied to enhance the antifatigue and frictional wear properties of work-piece.Laser phase transition principles include three points: (1) steel surface temperature beyond the temperature of austenite critical phase transition point by employing high power laser;(2) the fast cooling come true via basal-body cooling, and don’t need coolants such as oil ,water.(3)they can quench by themselves in protective air. Chen Zhuojun researched the parameter of 65Mn steel surface disposed in laser enhanced craft, who made conclusions that when laser power was 1200W, sweep speed was 20mm/s, spot diameterwas 1.5mm, the micro-hardness of enhanced area reached the maximum that was 1670HV.After studied the texture and properties of preheating 65Mn steel enhanced in laser, Huang Yongjun thought that the tissues were made of surface melted zone, complete laser-quenching field, incomplete laser-quenching area, heat effected zone. There were many researchers had reported the information that laser-quenching stainless steel, but few people issued the information that 65Mn laser-quenching hacksaw.为了提高65Mn钢锯片的性能，获得良好的表面质量。