铝合金挤压模具原理和设计
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Higher is the Extrusion Ratio, higher is the necessary pressure to extrude the profile : • If the ratio is too high, the extrusion pressure increases and exceeds the maximum press pressure. • If the ratio is too low, pressure reduces and the residual energy inside the weld chamber will not be enough to insure longitudinal weld quality of the profile.
.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
In case of multi-cavities dies ER =
Container Section . profile section x number of cavities
This important parameter evaluate the difficulty to extrude the profile (related to the energy needed to flow the aluminium through the die).
PRESS SPECIFIC PRESSURE It’s one of the most important parameter for presses. It represents the maximum pressure available on the press. Specific Pressure (SP) = Press force (MN) , container section (mm² )
OPTIMUM PROFILE WEIGHT PER METER The optimum profile weight per meter depends on the container diameter and run out table on the press. The maximum billet length should extrude on the whole table length. Thus defines the profile section to extrude with the optimum scrap. The scrap is the billet butt + deformation on the profile due stretcher + front and back cuts.
• • • Useful billet weight (UB) = Useful aluminium to produce the profile = billet weight – billet butt Table length = generally 50 to 55m Minimum profile weight per meter should be: UB . Table length
The table below give the extrudability ratio of alloys compared to alloy 6060 EXTRUDABILTY IN % ALLOY COMPARISION
alloy % 1080 160 1050 135 1200 135 3003 120 6060 100 6082 60 2011 35 5086 25 2014 20 5083 20 2024 15 7020 15 7075 10
The profile weight per meter is linked to profile section by the relation : • Profile section = profile weight per meter AL alloy density
EXTRUSION PARAMETERS / Press parameters
ALUMINIUM ALLOYS AND EXTRUDABILITY Al alloys can be extruded more or less suitable : • Soft Al alloys require less pressure, allow a high extrusion speed and complex profile shape. • Hard alloys require higher pressure thus reducing the extrusion speed. The profile thickness needs to be higher and the shape not too complex.
SUMMARY DIES DESIGN
Extrusion parameters The profile Porthole design Flat die design
SUMMARY Extrusion parameters
Press parameters Pressure Die parameters
EXTRUSION PARAMETERS / Press parameters
EXTRUSION RATIO It is the ratio between container section and profile section
Extrusion ratio (ER) =
Container Section Profile Section
EXTRUSION PARAMETERS / Press parameters
PRODUCTIVTY OF THE PRESS The extrusion productivity is directly linked to optimum profile weight and the extrusion speed. • P = F(speed, profile weight, others)
.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
In case of multi-cavities dies ER =
Container Section . profile section x number of cavities
This important parameter evaluate the difficulty to extrude the profile (related to the energy needed to flow the aluminium through the die).
PRESS SPECIFIC PRESSURE It’s one of the most important parameter for presses. It represents the maximum pressure available on the press. Specific Pressure (SP) = Press force (MN) , container section (mm² )
OPTIMUM PROFILE WEIGHT PER METER The optimum profile weight per meter depends on the container diameter and run out table on the press. The maximum billet length should extrude on the whole table length. Thus defines the profile section to extrude with the optimum scrap. The scrap is the billet butt + deformation on the profile due stretcher + front and back cuts.
• • • Useful billet weight (UB) = Useful aluminium to produce the profile = billet weight – billet butt Table length = generally 50 to 55m Minimum profile weight per meter should be: UB . Table length
The table below give the extrudability ratio of alloys compared to alloy 6060 EXTRUDABILTY IN % ALLOY COMPARISION
alloy % 1080 160 1050 135 1200 135 3003 120 6060 100 6082 60 2011 35 5086 25 2014 20 5083 20 2024 15 7020 15 7075 10
The profile weight per meter is linked to profile section by the relation : • Profile section = profile weight per meter AL alloy density
EXTRUSION PARAMETERS / Press parameters
ALUMINIUM ALLOYS AND EXTRUDABILITY Al alloys can be extruded more or less suitable : • Soft Al alloys require less pressure, allow a high extrusion speed and complex profile shape. • Hard alloys require higher pressure thus reducing the extrusion speed. The profile thickness needs to be higher and the shape not too complex.
SUMMARY DIES DESIGN
Extrusion parameters The profile Porthole design Flat die design
SUMMARY Extrusion parameters
Press parameters Pressure Die parameters
EXTRUSION PARAMETERS / Press parameters
EXTRUSION RATIO It is the ratio between container section and profile section
Extrusion ratio (ER) =
Container Section Profile Section
EXTRUSION PARAMETERS / Press parameters
PRODUCTIVTY OF THE PRESS The extrusion productivity is directly linked to optimum profile weight and the extrusion speed. • P = F(speed, profile weight, others)