学术英语视听说Lesson_15

complete the notes below.
SCRIPT
1. Dinos extinct ← plnt clim change 2. Clim cooler → plants disapp 3. Ast hit earth → v. big cloud dust 4. Food vanish → dinos too 5. Perhps find dinos die ← disease
3. What is climate change? Do we feel the influence of climate change today? Why or why not?
BEFORE LISTENING
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
Words and Phrases
Tyrannosaurus rex 霸王龙 iridium n.（稀有元素）铱
You have learned in Lesson 2 that arrows are very useful symbols. When a lecturer describes the cause and effect of events, use arrows in your notes to show what is the cause and what is tBiblioteka Baidue effect by the direction the arrow points. The arrow should always point to the effect.
LESSON
15
Dinosaurs
Why They Disappeared
TOPIC PREVIEW
BEFORE LISTENING
LISTENING
EXPANSION
AFTER LISTENING
Dinosaur skeletons on display at the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands
SCRIPT
asteroid extinct
blocked out died out debate
element
gradual
shortage speculate
1. Scientists suggest several theories for why dinosaurs became extinct.
the lecturer is describing causes and effects.
Verbs
Nouns
Transitions
Conjunctions
cause
cause
therefore
because (of)
result in/from result
as a result (of)
7. The enormous dust cloud covered the whole earth and blocked out the sun for months and months.
8. Iridium is an element that is not common on earth.
You hear X causes Y
X is the result of Y
You write X→Y
X←Y
BEFORE LISTENING
Audio Track 1-15-2
NOTETAKING PREPARATION
a Listen to the following causes and effects described in the lecture. Use either → or ← to
BEFORE LISTENING
Audio Track 1-15-1-b
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
a Listen to the following sentences that contain information from the lecture. As you
listen, write the word or phrase from the box that completes the sentence.
a. to make guesses about something b. not existing any longer c. to slowly disappear over time and stop existing d. to talk about the different ideas about something e. a rock moving through outer space f. to prevent light or sound from reaching somewhere g. a situation where there is too little of something h. little by little; happening very, very slowly i. a substance that cannot be broken down into smaller
1. Only the bones of the dinosaurs can be seen today, mainly in museums. Have you ever seen the bones of a dinosaur? Describe when and where you saw them. If you haven’t seen any, would you like to see dinosaur bones? Why?
2. Describe what a Tyrannosaurus rex or another type of dinosaur probably looked like. When did this dinosaur live on earth, how large was it, and what was its food?
9. Today scientists continue to debate these two theories and others, too.
BEFORE LISTENING
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
b Match the words to their definitions.
c 1. die out a 2. speculate h 3. gradual i 4. element d 5. debate b 6. extinct e 7. asteroid f 8. block out g 9. shortage
2. Perhaps one day we will know for certain why dinosaurs such as the Tyrannosaurus rex died out.
3. We continue to speculate and to search for why dinosaurs disappeared.
TOPIC PREVIEW
n Answer the following questions with a partner or your classmates.
1. Only the bones of the dinosaurs can be seen today, mainly in museums. Have you ever seen the bones of a dinosaur? Describe when and where you saw them. If you haven’t seen any, would you like to see dinosaur bones? Why?
4. The change in climate caused a severe shortage of food.
5. Many scientists believe that gradual climate change best explains why the dinosaurs disappeared.
SCRIPT
asteroid extinct
blocked out died out debate
element
gradual
shortage speculate
6. The second theory suggests that a huge asteroid hit the earth about 65 million years ago when the dinosaurs still ruled the earth.
3. What is climate change? Do we feel the influence of climate change today? Why or why not?
BEFORE LISTENING
NOTETAKING PREPARATION
n Using Arrows for Cause and Effect
4. Their food vanished. Therefore, the dinosaurs vanished, too.
5. Perhaps they’ll find out that dinosaurs died out as a result of disease.
Discourse Cues for Causal Analysis Listen for language cues that indicate that
BEFORE LISTENING
Audio Track 1-15-1-a
VOCABULARY PREVIEW
a Listen to the following sentences that contain information from the lecture. As you
listen, write the word or phrase from the box that completes the sentence.
parts
BEFORE LISTENING
PREDICTIONS
n Think about the questions in the Topic Preview and the sentences you heard in the Vocabulary Preview. Write three questions that you think will be answered in the lecture. Share your questions with your classmates.
BEFORE LISTENING
Audio Track 1-15-2
NOTETAKING PREPARATION
b Listen to the sentences in A again. As you listen, write the complete sentences below.
SCRIPT
1. Dinosaurs became extinct because the planet’s climate changed.
2. The climate of the world became cooler, As a result, plants began to disappear.
3. When the asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge cloud of dust.
2. Describe what a Tyrannosaurus rex or another type of dinosaur probably looked like. When did this dinosaur live on earth, how large was it, and what was its food?