中级翻译教程第八讲
翻译课程 第8讲 正说反译和反说正译
翻译课程第8讲正说反译和反说正译广西师范学院《英汉互译（一）》课程教案编号: 15-8 开课单位：外语系授课教研室：翻译写作课程名称：《英汉互译（一）》授课教师：唐旭光教材：《新编英汉互译教程》，授课对象：06级英语专业2、3、5班《英汉互译（一）》第八讲正说反译与反说正译（Conversion Between Positive and Negative Expressions）17. He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.他提醒了我，要不然我就会把这事忘了。
7. 原文中的介词在译文里从反面表达18. The book is beyond the knowledge of a five-year-old child.这本书五岁孩子读不懂。
19. I am embarrassed to write of “God’s presence”. God is off my beat.我决不会就“上帝的存在”挥笔撰文，上帝不属于我工作的范围。
20. Child-development experts warn parents against placing unreasonable expectations on school-age children.儿童成长专家警告说，家长不要对学龄儿童寄予不合理的期望。
21. How delightful it would be, I thought, to have months of clean snow and a landscape sparkling with frost instead of innumerable gray featureless days of rain and raw winds.我想，如果我们这里经常是个冰雪积月、霜华璀璨的景色，而不是像现在这种苦雨凄风永无尽期的阴沉而乏特色的日子，那该会多么令人喜悦啊！22. His behavior is above praise.他的行为不止是值得称赞的。
英语中级听力课程Lesson_8
Lesson 8Interviewer: We continue with the World of Investigation. Laura, an identical twin, has agreed to contribute to our investigations. I must apologize for the fact that Laura's twin cannot be here tonight. And I'd like to tell you, Laura, how sorry we are. You and your sister are very close, aren't you?Laura: Of course we are.Interviewer: Interesting! You said 'of course'. Don't you think there are quite a few sisters who aren't close?Laura: Sarah and I aren't just sisters. We're identical twins.Interviewer: I take your point. How identical are you, in fact?Laura: Both blonde, with brown eyes. Same height,same weight, same size. Even shoes.Interviewer: As you're the same size, have you always dressed alike?Laura: Oh yes. I'm told it started when we were babies. Mum made a feature of her twins. And then we got into the habit of buying two of everything.Interviewer: And you've never minded having a double identity? I mean ... another person exactly like you?Laura: Sarah isn't exactly like me. We may look identical, but. I remember our boyfriends couldn't tell us apart.Interviewer: Didn't that cause problems?Laura: For them, perhaps. Not for us. We couldn't stop laughing.Interviewer: I think you said you and Sarah weren't exactly alike? Just what did you mean by that?Laura: Sarah has a well-fed happy husband and four healthy children. When she was washing up, I was learning to type. When she was knitting, I was writing articles for the school newspaper. When she was having her second child, I was in Panama, doing my first job for United Information Services. See what I mean?Interviewer: And haven't you got a healthy husband and happy children?Laura: You must be joking. There's never been the time ... or the inclination.Interviewer: Laura, you've made some very interesting points. I gather that you don't feel that behaviour is purely genetic ... that there might be some element of environment or choice or even perhaps ...Laura: Shall I conclude? Sarah and I are identical twins ... in appearance, that is ... but it's a fact that life has presented us with different opportunities, so we've led very different lives.Alan and Barbara have just read an article about twins and coincidences. They are discussing the article over lunch. Listen to their discussion.Alan: That idea about our genetic make-up is rather frightening, isn't it?Barbara: Do you mean the idea that because of our genetic make-up we are bound to act in a particular way?Alan: Yes. If it's true, then it suggests that criminals are born and not made.Barbara: Not necessarily. It would only mean that somebody was born with the potential to become acriminal.Alan: How do you mean?Barbara: Well, if somebody was born with a particular set of genes that made him a potential criminal, it would be necessary for him to be brought up in a particular way if he was actually going to become a criminal.Alan: He'd have to grow up in a family of criminals, you mean?Barbara: Yes, in the sort of family that regarded crime as a way of life and saw the police as the enemy.Alan: They say it takes a thief to catch a thief.Barbara: What do you mean by that?Alan: Well, I suppose I mean that similar qualitiesare necessary to become a successful criminal or a first-class policeman.Barbara: That's a bit hard on the policeman, isn't it?Alan: I don't think so. In time of war men who might easily be in jail win medals for gallantry.Barbara: That's because they're the sort of men who aren't satisfied with a normal everyday job.Alan: Yes, they're men who get bored with ordinary life and want action. They're usually pretty strong characters, too.Secretary: Mr. Turner's office.Caller 1: Hello. I'd like to speak to Mr. Turner, please.Secretary: I'm sorry, he's in a meeting right now. May I take a message?Caller 1: Uh, yes. This is Mary Roberts from the First National Bank. (Mm-hmm.) Would you ask him to call me at 772-1852?Secretary: Okay. That's 772-18-?Caller 1: 52.Secretary: Okay.Caller 1: He can reach me at this number until, say, twelve thirty, or between two and five this afternoon.Secretary: That's fine, Ms Roberts. I'll tell him. I'll give him your message.Caller 1: Thank you very much. Goodbye.Secretary: Goodbye ... Mr. Turner's office.Caller 2: Yes. Hello. Is Mr. Turner in, please.Secretary: No, I'm sorry, he's in a meeting right now. May I take a message?Caller 2: This is Mr. Brown calling. I have a lunch appointment with Mr. Turner for tomorrow noon that I have to cancel. I'm going to be out of town for a while. Would you offer my apologies to Mr. Turner and have him call me, please, to reschedule? My number here is 7439821.Secretary: Okay, Mr. Brown. I'll make sure he gets the message.Caller 2: Thank you so much.Secretary: You're welcome.Caller 2: Bye-bye, now.Secretary: Bye-bye ... Mr. Turner's office.Caller 3: Hello, Jane. Is my husband in?Secretary: Oh, no, Mrs. Turner. I'm sorry. He's in a meeting until noon.Caller 3: Oh.Secretary: Oh, excuse me just a minute. I have another call. Can you hold for a second?Caller 3: Yes, sure.Secretary: Mr. Turner's office. Will you hold please? Hello, Mrs. Turner. Uh ... Would you like your husband to call you back?Caller 3: No. That's not necessary. But would you just tell him, please, that I won't be home until eight o'clock? I'll be working late.Secretary: Oh, sure. I'll tell him.Caller 3: Thanks a lot. Bye-bye.Secretary: Bye-bye. Thank you for holding. Uh ... Can I help you?Caller 4: Yeah. Hi. This is Wendy at Travel Agents International. Umm ... I've got Mr. Turner booked on a flight for Puerto Rico next Tuesday. Can you take down the information?Secretary: Sure.Caller 4: Okay. It's Pan Am Flight two twenty-six, which leaves Tuesday the twelfth at eight am.Secretary: Okay. That's Pan Am Flight two twenty-six, leaving Tuesday the twelfth at eight am.Caller 4: Right. Umm ... I'll send the ticket over later this afternoon, if that's okay.Secretary: Oh, sure. That'd be fine.Caller 4: Okay. Thanks lot. Bye.Secretary: Bye-bye ... Mr. Turner's office.Caller 5: Hello. Uh ... My name is Juan Salvador. I'm calling from Puerto Rico, and I want to speak to Mr. Turner.Secretary: I'm sorry, sir, Mr. Turner is in a meeting. May I take a message?Caller 5: I ... think it would be better if I ... uh ... call him later. Uh ... Will you please tell me when he's going to be free?Secretary: He'll be free in about an hour.Caller 5: Oh, thanks. Uh ... Why don't you leave him a message saying that I called him and I will call him back? It's in regard to our meeting on next Wednesday.Secretary: Okay. Uh ... Could you give me your name again, please?Caller 5: Yes, of course. Juan Salvador.Secretary: Could you spell that, please?Caller 5: Yes. S-a-l-v-a.Secretary: Uh ... Excuse me, sir. I'm having trouble hearing you. Could you repeat it, please?Caller 5: Yes, of course. S-a-l-v-a-d-o-r.Secretary: Thank you very much, Mr. Salvador. I'll give Mr. Turner the message.Caller 5: Oh, thank you very much. Bye-bye.Secretary: Bye-bye.Night Flight'This is Captain Cook speaking. Our estimated time of arrival in Brisbane will be one am, so we've got a long flight ahead of us. I hope you enjoy it. Our hostesses will be serving dinner shortly. Thank you.'It was Christmas Eve 1959, and the beginning of another routine flight. The hostesses started preparing the food trays. A few of the passengers were trying to get some sleep, but most of them were reading. There was nothing to see from the windows except the vast blackness of the Australian desert below. There was nothing unusual about the flight, except perhaps that the plane was nearly full.A lot of the passengers were travelling home to spend Christmas with their families. The hostesses started serving dinner.It was a smooth and quiet flight. The hostesses had finished collecting the trays, and they were in the galley putting things away when the first buzzers sounded. One of the hostesses went along the aisle to check. When she came back she lookedsurprised. 'It's amazing,' she said. 'Even on a smooth flight like this two people have been sick.' Twenty minutes later nearly half the passengers were ill—dramatically ill. Several were moaning and groaning, some were doubled up in pain, and two were unconscious. Fortunately there was a doctor on board, and he was helping the hostesses. He came to the galley and said, 'I'd better speak to the captain. This is a severe case of food poisoning. I think we'd better land as soon as possible.' 'What caused it?' asked one of the hostesses. 'Well,' replied the doctor, 'I had the beef for dinner, and I'm fine. The passengers who chose the fish are ill.' The hostess led him to the flight deck. She tried to open the door. 'I think it's jammed,' she said. The doctor helped her to push it open. The captain was lying behind the door. He was unconscious. The co-pilot was slumped across the controls, and the radio operator was trying to revive him.The doctor quickly examined the two pilots. 'They just collapsed,' said the radio operator. 'I don't feel too good myself.' 'Can you land theplane?' said the doctor. 'Me? No, I'm not a pilot. We've got to revive them!' he replied. 'The plane's on automatic pilot. We're OK for a couple of hours.' 'I don't know,' said the doctor. 'They could be out for a long time.' 'I'd better contact ground control,' said the radio operator. The doctor turned to the hostess. 'Perhaps you should make an announcement, try to find out if there's a pilot on board.' 'We can't do that!' she said, 'It'll cause a general panic.' 'Well, how the hell are we going to get this thing down?' said the doctor.Suddenly the hostess remembered something. 'One of the passengers ... I overheard him saying that he'd been a pilot in the war. I'll get him.' She found the man and asked him to come to the galley. 'Didn't you say you used to be a pilot?' she asked. 'Yes ... why? The pilot's all right, isn't he?' She led him to the flight deck. They explained the situation to him. 'You mean, you want me to fly the plane?' he said. 'You must be joking. I was a pilot, but I flew single-engined fighter planes, and that was fifteen years ago. This thing's got four engines!''Isn't there anybody else?' he asked. 'I'm afraid not,' said the hostess. The man sat down at the controls. His hands were shaking slightly. The radio operator connected him to Air Traffic Control. They told him to keep flying on automatic pilot towards Brisbane, and to wait for further instructions from an experienced pilot. An hour later the lights of Brisbane appeared on the horizon. He could see the lights of the runway shining brightly beyond the city. Air Traffic Control told him to keep circling until the fuel gauge registered almost empty. This gave him a chance to get used to handling the controls. In the cabin the hostesses and the doctor were busy attending to the sick. Several people were unconscious. The plane circled for over half an hour. The passengers had begun to realize that something was wrong. 'What's going on? Why don't we land?' shouted a middle aged man. 'My wife's ill. We've got to get her to hospital!' A woman began sobbing quietly. At last the plane started its descent. Suddenly there was a bump which shook the plane. 'We're all going to die!' screamed a man.Even the hostesses looked worried as panic began to spread through the plane. 'It's all right!' someone said. 'The pilot's just lowered the wheels, that's all.' As the plane approached the runway they could see fire trucks and ambulances speeding along beside the runway with their lights flashing. There was a tremendous thump as the wheels hit the tarmac, bounced twice, raced along the runway and screeched to a halt. The first airport truck was there in seconds. 'That was nearly a perfect landing. Well done!' shouted the control tower. 'Thanks,' said the man. 'Any chance of a job?'1.Thousands of people die of heart attacks every year; heart disease is becoming so widespread that we can almost talk of an epidemic.2. That is, people with heart disease often show one or more of these traits.3. The answer is, a person's personality determines that he or she will be likely todevelop this illness.4. They set themselves unrealistic goals and force themselves to meet impossible deadlines.5. Eventually their responses to life become less creative, more automatic, and all of their activities are performed under stress.6. In the past, men have tended to show Type A behaviour more than women have, but with an increasing number of women entering the labour force, this also may change.7. Stress seems to be caused by our highly technical, highly rushed modern way of life.8. Now it is not uncommon for a sixty or fifty or even a forty-year-old to suffer a heart attack.9. Too preoccupied with his own schedule, he has little capacity to concentrate on what otherpeople are saying—unless, of course, they are talking about work.10. When he returns to work, he finds that the leisure time of the night before has helped him find a creative solution to his work problems.The Boy Who Cried WolfOnce upon a time there was a very naughty shepherd boy. He often fell asleep while he was watching his sheep. And he told lies. The villagers shook their heads and said, 'That boy will come to a bad end.'One day, when he was feeling very bored, the boy decided to play a practical joke on the villagers. He ran down the hill. 'Wolf, wolf!' he cried. 'Help, come quickly. Wolf!' All the villagers seized their spears and ran to help him. But there was no wolf. 'He heard you,' the naughty boy lied, 'and ran away.' When everyone had gone, he started to laugh.Three weeks later, when he was feeling verybored indeed, he decided to play the same trick again. 'Wolf, wolf!' he shouted. 'Help, come quickly. Wolf!' Most of the villagers hurried to help him. This time the boy laughed at them. 'Ha, ha. There wasn't a wolf,' he said. 'What a good joke!' The villagers were very angry. 'Lies are not jokes,' they said.Two days later the boy woke up suddenly. He had fallen asleep in the afternoon sun. What was that big dark animal coming towards his flock? Suddenly it seized a lamb. 'Wolf!' screamed the boy. 'Wolf. Help, come quickly. Wolf!' But none of the villagers came to help him. He screamed again. The wolf heard him and licked its lips. 'I like lamb,' it thought, 'but shepherd boy tastes much nicer.' When the shepherd boy didn't come home that night, some of the villagers went to look for him. They found a few bones.。
国际人才英语教程 中级教学课件中级 Unit 8-1
② Work in pairs and make a short owing aspects.
Suggested price and Size of the order
The two sides negotiated about the price. Amy offers 1.5 million dollars per one, and says that there would be an extra discount if the order is big enough. The Japanese representative responds that if a discount of 20%is given, they would increase their order to 30 robots.
8
2.1 Viewing
1 Watch the discussion and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). 2 Work in pairs and make a short summary of the discussion from the following aspects. 9
CASE 4
How is the meeting with a Japanese hospital?
武汉华夏理工学院 外国语学院
1 1
2
UNIT 8
Report the results of the meeting
3
Learning objectives
synthesize information about a meeting and take notes
上外中级口译第三版听力教程原文及讲解--Unit 8
Unit eight. Part one. New dwellings in Great Britain. 3. Exercises.1. Listen to the following passage about housing in Britain, and then choose the best answer to each question you hear.In all 189,000 new dwellings were completed in Great Britain in 2006, a rise of 3.6 percent on 2005. Growth in owner occupation has been particularly marked increasing from 50 percent in 1991 to 67 percent at the end of 2006. Both the public and the private sectors build housing, but about four fifths in new dwellings are built by the private sector for sale to owner occupiers. Local authorities are encouraged to see their housing role as in the neighboring one. Working with housing associations and the private sector to increase the supply of low cost housing for sale or rent. Without necessarily providing it themselves. Housing associations are now the main providers of new social housing. Housing provided at rents affordable to people on low incomes, usually substantially below market rents. This allows local authorities to focus on improving the management of their own stock. Rents on new private sector lettings in Great Britain were deregulated in 1988 with the aim of stimulating the private rented sector, which had been declining from most of the last century. These policies had been taking forward with the housing act in 1996.Questions:1) How many new dwellings were completed in Great Britain in 2006?2) What percentage was owner occupation at the end of 2006?3) What are local authorities encouraged to do?4) Why were rents on new private sector lettings deregulated in 1988?2. Listen again and then supply the missing information in the following passage.Part two. Statements. 2. Exercises. Listen and then choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the statement you hear.1) If you want to add that information to your paper you really should check it out in the reference book.2) We were met at the airport by Miss Janet the other day. It was very kind of her to do that especially at such short notice.3) The forecast is for severe winter but I am hardly prepared. I am waiting for the next sale to get a down jacket.4) She used to take two tablets a day, but recently the doctor doubled the dosage to see the effect of his prescription.5) Alice has got her paper do, and 2 final exams next week, so she is spending a lot of time at the library. She has no time for parties at the moment.6) John is going to California to take up a research position at the university very soon. And I need to find a new roommate.7) Last Sunday we went to watch a football game. It started at 2 o’clock. And we arrived just in time for the second half.8) In spite of occasional differences in the opinion about politics Ron and Pawl get along very well and often spend time together.9) Having sent in his application 2 months earlier Tom should know by Monday whether his admission has been approved.10) Seafood prices have come down quite a bit, the shrimp was 2 dollars a pound this week, so I bought 3 pounds.11) I am shopping at the museum shop. It’s got some inexpensive prints that would ma ke good gifts especially if you are a modern art lover.12) You are not supposed to see Gary tonight. He plans to finish his thesis this month and he will be too busy for parties.13) I enjoyed our vacation in France and Italy, but now that we are at home I feel exhausted. It takes several days to become ourselves again.14) I have finally decided that about my history paper. I am going to focus on the civil war. But the question is that it is so broad. Do you think it will be approved?15) Mary ordinarily meets her husband for lunch in the downtown restaurant. But today he is out of town on business.16) After I carefully explained my ideas at the last week’s meeting, the committee members approved the revisions I’ve made concerning the proposed projec t.17) I am afraid I can’t help you with your economic assignment. I have already looked at it. It’s over my head.18) We were delayed by a traffic jam. So it took 3 hours longer than usual to get to the office in the northern part of the city.19) I’d love to go to the movies with you after class, but professor Brown wants to speak with me at 3 this afternoon.20) He has suffered from that cough for almost 3 weeks. The sooner he stops smoking the better he will feel.Part 3. 3. Exercises. 1. Which apartment do you like best? Listen to the conversation about an apartment and then choose the correct answer to each question you hear.M: Well, Shirley, now that we’ve seen the 3 apartments, which one do you like best?W: I don’t know Brad. I know one thing. I didn’t like the one on the 68th street.M: Neither did I. Let’s cross that one off. That leaves the 72ed street one and the 80th street one.W: The one on the 80th street has a better view and a very cheerful kitchen.M: Yes, and I like the carpeting in the hall. It was clean, but there was no good place to put a desk.W: That’s true. You should always just put it in the corner of the living room. But then you wouldn’t have any privacy and the bedroom was too small.M: Right. And I do need to be able to leave my work out on the desk without having it looked into by nosy visitors.W: Oh, Brad, we don’t have that kind of visitors. But I do agree the desk shouldn’t be in the living room. It is a constant reminder of unfinished work. What about the 72ed street apartment? It has a dining area, we could eat in the kitchen and put the desk in the dining area. It’s more private there.M: Yes, that sounds OK. Only what I didn’t like about that place was the west wind though. It gets quite hard in the late afternoon with the sun beating down on the window.W: Didn’t you notice the air-conditioner?M: No, was there one?W: Yes, and we can improve on the curtains too.M: That place did have the best parking facilities of the three.W: Yes, I think that apartment is best for our needs. There is good parking and there is asemi-private area for your desk. That takes care of the daily activities. We will just let the other chips fall what they may.M: OK. Let’s take that one.Questions:1) How many apartments have they seen?2) Why did Brad and Shirley cross off the apartment on the 68th street?3) What is wrong with the west window?4) Which considerations are crucial in Brad and Shirley’s choice of an apartment?5) Which apartment have they decided to rent?2. Does it have 3 bedrooms? Listen to the conversation about renting an apartment and then choose the correct answer to each question you hear.M: This is it. I know that it is smaller than you wanted. But it is one of the nicest departments in the buildings.W: Does it have 3 bedrooms?M: No, there are two. The master bedroom is quite spacious though. Maybe you could let the children share the larger room and you and your husband could use the smaller one.W: I suppose I could do that.M: A 3 bedroom apartment will be difficult to find.W: Yes, I know. Believe me, I have been looking for over a week. The few 3 bedroom apartments that I have found are either extremely expensive or the owner won’t allow children as tenants.M: Well, the owner allows 2 children in this apartment complex.W: Aren’t you the owner?M: No, I am the manager. I live here too on the first floor of this building.W: Oh, that’s nice. Then if anything gets broken …M: Just leave a note on my door.W: You said that the rent will be 350 dollars a month. Does that include any of the utilities? M: Yes, it includes gas, your furnace and stove I guess so as you can imagine your other utilities, electric and water, are quite inexpensive.W: This sounds better and better. But before I sign the lease I would let my husband to see it. M: Why not stop by with him this evening?W: How late are you open? He doesn’t get off work until 5.M: Come by at 6. I will still be in the office. I am sure that you are eager to move from the hotel. And if we get the paper work out of the way tonight you can move in tomorrow.W: Oh, that would be wonderful.Questions:1) Who is the man in this conversation?2) How many bedrooms are there in this apartment?3) Where is the woman living now?4) Why didn’t the woman sign a lease right away?5) When will the woman and her family probably move in?3. I am phoning about my accommodation. Listen to the following dialogue and choose the correct answer to each question you hear.M: Parcul school of English.W: Oh, good morning. And this is Maria Leato. I am phoning from Rio De Janeiro about my accommodation.M: Oh, yes, Maria. We sent all the details by express post 3 weeks ago.W: Really? I haven’t received anything and I am leaving for Eng land next week.M: OK. Don’t worry. We can give you the information by phone. Have you got something to write with?W: Yes, go ahead.M: Right. Your land lady’s name is Mrs. Roberts. That’s R-O-B-E-R-T-S, Roberts.W: That’s OK.M: The address is 17 Lincoln Road. That spelled L-I-N-C-O-L-N.W: Lincoln. And the telephone number?M: 0817228516.W: 0817228516. I will have my own room, won’t I?M: Oh, yes. You just have to share the bathroom. It’s a lovely house with a big garden.W: About how far it is from the school?M: About 10 minutes by bus. You can easily walk or even better hire a bike.W: That sounds fine. Oh, and what about the rent?M: It’s 60 pounds a week for half board. That’s breakfast and evening meal.W: Well, thank you very much. I will see you in a week.M: OK, Maria. Thanks for phoning.Questions:1) Who is Maria telephoning?2) Where is she calling from?3) Why is she calling?4) When is she going to England?5) What is the name of her land lady?6) What is the telephone number of her land lady?7) About how far is the house from the school?8) How much is the rent for half board?Part 4. Listening and translation. 3. Exercises.1. Sentence translation. Listen and translate each sentence you have heard into Chinese. Then write it in the space given below.1) Overall 8,200 visitors attended the fare this year. This not only equals an increase by 1,200 visitors from last year but is also a new visitor record.2) The wish to guard against dangers to life and property is basic to human nature. By insurance society has been able to reduce the affects of such hazards.3) The price index for exports increased for the fourth consecutive month, advancing 0.7 percent in February, the statistics of the US department of labor reported today.4) There are many sources of indoor air pollution, tobacco smoke, cooking and heating appliances, and vapors from building materials, paints in furniture cause pollution inside buildings.5) Don’t overlook the power of a good first impressio n. People make amazing assumptions about your character and potential performance based upon your appearance during a first meeting.2. Passage translation. Listen and translate each passage you have heard into Chinese. Then write it in the space given below. You may take notes while you are listening.1) I do not think the market is stagnating, rather it is shaping up. Some events are weakening, some are strengthening. Trade fare organizers sometimes must cancel a show that does not have any development potential. On the other hand, new shows can be launched. An example of a newly launched trade show is the one focusing on wooden constructions. That show will take place in March 2008, and it has already attracted a lot of attention.2) I have been most influenced by people who have made a change in society. I really respect those people who have spoken up about what they believe in. I guess John Lennon was kind of my hero. I mean I like the Beatles and I love his music. But John also believed in a lot of issues that I support. I was so shocked when he was killed. I have also been deeply affected by the words of people like Dr. Martin Luther King. He tried to get people to work together, to accept each other, whether they were black, white or whatever.Unit eightPart one New dwellings住处, 住宅in Great BritainIn all一共; 总计all in all 从各方面考虑; 从各方面来说Owner-occupation指房子等）主人自住的，自用Marked adj. 有记号的, 显著的, 醒目的Sector n.部门, 部分, 区域（（活动领域的）部门; （尤指）经济领域: the manu`facturing sector, ie all the manufacturing industries of a country 制造业* the `service sector, eg hotels, restaurants, etc 服务性行业.）/战区，防区n.[计]扇形, 扇区vt.使分成部分Owner-occupier n. <英>业主居住者, (住在自家私房的人)Enabling adj. 【律】(用作定语)授予权利的Substantially adv.大体上, 实质上, 非常Letting n. 出租的房产/租金To deregulate撤销对（某事物）的规定﹑管制To stimulate使某人[某事物]奋发起来; 刺激﹑激励某人[某事物]:Housing association 住房协会Part twoTablet碑, 牌, 匾额（尤指固定於墙上作纪念的）./ 药片; 药丸Dosage药物一次或一阶段的）剂量Shrimp矮小的人Thesis dissertation 毕业论文; 学位论文/论题Part threeTo cross off划掉, 勾销cross off accountNosy adj. 好管闲事的, 爱追问的/包打听Half-board n. 半膳宿If you stay at a hotel and have half board, your breakfast and eveningmeal are included in the price of your stay at the hotel, but not your lunch.Rio de Janeiro里约热内卢(巴西Brazil港口城市) 海滩Part fourTo confirm证实, 证明（报告﹑意见等）的正确性; 确认、~sth; ~ sb (as/in sth) 批准（条约﹑任命等）; 肯定, 巩固或加强（权力﹑地位等教会）给（某人）施坚信礼（使之成为正式教徒）Confirmed 习惯的，根深蒂固的Reservation保留的座位﹑住处等; （座位﹑住处等的）预订Hazard危险; 有危险的事物; 风险Joho Lennon伦农又译列侬, 英国歌手与歌曲作家1957年他组织的音乐小组后来成为甲壳虫乐队the Beatles made their first record n 1962/separated in 19701.A new visitor record 新的参观者人数记录2.Guard against dangers to life and property 避免生命和财产遭受危险Insurance 保险3.The price index for export 出口价格指数the fourth consecutive month连续第四个月the US Department of Labor 美国劳工部4.indoor air pollution \ tobacco smoke抽烟\cooking and heating appliances烹饪和供暖器具vapors 气味from building materials，paints and furniture 建筑材料，油漆和家具5.make amazing assumptions about your character and potential performance 对你的性格和潜在的表现力作出惊人的判断1.the market isn’t stagnating----rather, it is shaping up 市场没有变得萧条，而是在逐渐成形cancel a show development potential 发展潜能new shows can be launched 推出一个新的展会2.speak up about what they believe in 敢于把自己的信仰说出口believe in a lot of issues that I support 信仰我所支持的一切accept each other 彼此接受对方。
大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)第8讲
第八讲翻译理论学习：1949年到文革前的翻译一、概述两个重要阶段1. 建国初到“文革”前的17年，2. 70年代末至今二、两次翻译工作会议1951年“第一届翻译工作会议”1954年“全国文学翻译工作会议”，三、17年翻译的大致情况1. 50年代初，俄苏文学作品和文学理论，东欧民主国家的文学作品。
2. 50年代中后期，欧美国家的文学，3. 50年代末至60年代初，亚非拉文学的译介受到重视，对欧美和苏联文学由正面译介转为批判性译介。
四、17年间重要翻译家和理论家张谷若，哈代的作品，翻译的特点是“地道”“四字格”，“注释”张友松：马克·吐温的作品王科一：《傲慢与偏见》、杨必：《名利场》杨苡：《呼啸山庄》叶君健：安徒生童话杨绛：《堂吉诃德》傅雷：法国文学翻译大师“重神似不重形似”《高老头》周作人：“音译名从主人”钱钟书。
“化境”翻译技巧学习：句子的翻译（一）：句子翻译概述一、词序调整（1）Even the wild animals of his homeland, it seemed to Kunta, had more dignity than these creatures. (Alex Haley, Roots)昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也比这群人自尊自重。
（插入语换序）（2）In this way an earlier and perhaps even greater crop might be obtained.用这种方法，庄稼可以早一点收获，收成或许更好些。
(定语换序)（3）From the moment they set foot on the territory of their motherland, they were warmly received by their compatriots.他们从走上祖国土地的时刻起，就受到同胞们热情接待。
（定语从句换序）（4）Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。
中级口译教程翻译知识点整理+真题
中国的对外开放1.实行对外开放，是中国推进现代化建设的一项重大决策，也是中国一项长期的基本国策。
Opening up to the outside world is a major decision China has made to advance its modernization drive and it is also China’s long-term basic State policy.2.三十年来，中国全方位对外开放的格局已基本形成，开放型经济迅速发展。
Over the past 30 years, a multi-directional opening-up pattern has, by and large, taken shape in China and its open economy has grown rapidly.3.中国同世界各国各地区的经济技术交流与合作广泛展开。
China has engaged in extensive economic and technological exchanges and cooperation with other countries and regions.4.这不仅是对中国的经济社会发展发挥了有力的推动作用，也为各国各地区企业到中国寻找商机、进行合作创造了有力条件。
It has not only given a strong boost to China’s economic and social development, but also created favorable conditions for businesses of other countries and regions to seek business opportunities and conduct cooperation in China.5.当今世界，任何国家都难以在封闭的状态下得到发展。
上海中级口译教程第8章
8-1：丝绸之路 The Silk Road
• 我社安排的“丝绸之路游”，始于古城西安，止于 新疆首府乌鲁木齐，沿线游客可以领略自然景观的 魅力，欣赏古代艺术家的高超工艺，品尝地方风味 小吃，结识当地居民。
• The 7,000-kilometer-long “Silk Road”, whose history dates back to the second century B.C., is a trade thoroughfare linking Asia and Europe.
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8-2：传统节日 Traditional Holidays
• 中国农历5月5日的端午节旨在纪念古代诗人 屈原。
• The Dragon Boat Festival on the 5th day of the 5th month of China’s lunar calendar is set aside and celebrated in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan.
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Vocabulary Work
• 伊拉克：Iraq; • 叙利亚：Syria; • 地中海：the Mediterranean; • 丝绸织物：silk cloth and goods; • 火药：gunpowder; • 造纸术：paper making technique; • 印刷术：printing technique; • 佛教：Buddhism; • 伊斯兰教：Islam;
• 建议：可以做一下反向的练习，汉译英，再 把英语译成汉语，比较一下，看出差别在那 些地方。 2024/9/24
8-2：传统节日 Traditional Holidays
中级 第5-8课(课文)
中级第5课（课文）【本课讲解步骤】本课内容：单词、课文。
课程讲解：主要语法和句型。
【本课内容】単語：語彙（ごい）【名】词，词汇単語（たんご）【名】词汇，单词元（もと）【名】原来，本来；根源，起源分類する（ぶんるいする）【动３】划分，分类和語（わご）【名】和语词漢語（かんご）【名】汉语词外来語（がいらいご）【名】外来词混種語（こんしゅご）【名】混合词分ける（わける）【动２】分，分开，分解もともと【副】原本，本来，根本取り入れる（とりいれる）【动２】引进，引入，采用音読み（おんよみ）【名】音读基づく（もとづく）【动１】依据，根据，基于西洋（せいよう）【名】西方，西洋中心（ちゅうしん）【名】中心片仮名（かたかな）【名】片假名内（うち）【名】之中，当中組み合わせる（くみあわせる）【动２】组合，编到一起生物（せいぶつ）【名】生物動物（どうぶつ）【名】动物植物（しょくぶつ）【名】植物総称（そうしょう）【名】总称生物（なまもの）【名】生的（食品），生鲜（食品）煮る（にる）【动２】煮，炖，熬，煨，焖文（ぶん）【名】句，句子；文章違い（ちがい）【名】不同，区别宿泊施設（しゅくはくしせつ）【名】住宿设施たいてい【副】大抵，大都布団（ふとん）【名】被褥，铺盖敷く（しく）【动１】铺，垫判断する（はんだんする）【动３】判断元来（がんらい）【副】本来，原来本来（ほんらい）【副】本来バイオリン【名】小提琴穏やか（おだやか）【名】温和；平稳，平静工場（こうば）【名】作坊，工厂，工场色紙（しきし）【名】方形厚纸签色紙（いろがみ）【名】彩纸，彩色折叠纸実話（じつわ）【名】实话国立（こくりつ）【名】国立国立大学（こくりつだいがく）【名】国立大学参加者（さんかしゃ）【名】参加者賞品（しょうひん）【名】奖品大部分（だいぶぶん）【名】大部分関心（かんしん）【名】关心，关怀；感兴趣発生する（はっせいする）【动３】发生家賃（やちん）【名】房租イカ【名】鱿鱼，墨鱼コレステロール【名】胆固醇食品（しょくひん）【名】食品広州（こうしゅう）【名】广州順番（じゅんばん）【名】顺序，次序ゲームソフト【名】游戏软件あくび【名】哈欠人手（ひとで）【名】人手裁判（さいばん）【名】审判，裁判実際（じっさい）【名】实际感動する（かんどうする）【动３】感动活躍する（かつやくする）【动３】大显身手，活跃専門家（せんもんか）【名】专家言語（げんご）【名】语言，言语専攻する（せんこうする）【动３】专攻，专修交番（こうばん）【名】派出所；交替勤務する（きんむする）【动３】工作，上班お巡りさん（おまわりさん）【名】巡警，警察テーブルクロス【名】桌布，台布風呂敷（ふろしき）【名】包袱布，包裹布壁飾り（かべかざり）【名】墙饰手提げ（てさげ）【名】手提包，手提袋袋（ふくろ）【名】袋子，口袋课文：日本語の語彙日本語の単語を、元の言葉は何かという点から分類すると、（和語）（漢語）（外来語）（混種語）の四つに分けることができる。
英语翻译资格考试中级口译词汇以及语法复习8
英语翻译资格考试中级口译词汇以及语法复习8导读：本文英语翻译资格考试中级口译词汇以及语法复习8，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
流行语汇movie buff 电影谜animated cartoon(animation) 卡通片documentary movie 记录片newsreel 新闻片comedy 喜剧片tragedy 悲剧片action movie 动作片romance 爱情片sci-fi movie 科幻片detective movie 侦探片western movie 西部片horror/scary movie 恐怖片thriller 惊悚片nomination 提名奖Academy Award 学院奖smash hit 巨大的成功movie theater/house 电影院drive-in 露天电影院premier show/first run 首映producer 制片人director 导演movie star 电影明星actor/actress 男/女演员leading actor 主角supporting actor 配角full house 客满box office 票房把下列英文谚语翻译成中文，注意核心名词的用法。
1. Don’t judge a man’s actions at first sight; give them a second look.2. The rich get richer and the poor get babies.3. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.4. The early bird catches the worm.5. A little body often harbors a great soul.6. As the boy is, so is the man.7. Business neglected is business lost.8. A clock that stands still is better than one that goes wrong.9. Two is company, three is a crowd.。
英译汉第8讲翻译技巧之重复法连淑能英译汉教程
are enjoyed by the masses who uphold China’s socialist
construction.
我非常钦佩你们决心增强中国经济，并且决心保证使从事社
会主义建设的人民群众能够享受经济发展的成果。
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5
grammatical repetition
重复修饰语
7
grammatical repetition
重复几个宾语所共有的介词
Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the most fossilized routine.
在适当的条件下，我们能把热能、机械能、以及其他形 式的能转化成电能。
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6
grammatical repetition
重复几个宾语所共有的动词或几个动词所共 有的宾语
We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。
We have come here to express our gratitude
形容词重叠，表示程度的加重、加深、加强、 减轻或喜爱、厌恶等情绪
AA: 高高、厚厚、小小、长长、细细 A一/了A: 走一走、摇一摇、笑了笑、看了看 AABB: 干干净净、花花绿绿、歪歪斜斜 ABAB: 笔直笔直、通红通红、雪白雪白、崭新崭
新
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rhetorical reduplication and repetition
中级翻译教程第八讲
例1：That’s where we differ. 这就是我们的分歧所在。 例2：My brother is not what he used to be. 我弟弟不是他以前那个样子了。/我弟弟变了。 例3：He has made what I am. 我之有今日都是他给的。
他在作品里倾诉了自己一生的痛苦和这种痛苦给他带来的一种 信念，认为如果被剥削的人们起来反抗，世界就会变得美好。 再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率 密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。 Apart from providing people with timber, forests help regulate climate, conserve water and soil, wall off wind, fix sands, improve water quality, keep away smoke and dust, sterilize (purify) the air，reduce noise, beautify surroundings, maintain and improve ecological balance. Man would not be able to exist without green plants producing oxygen and absorbing harmful gases all the time. Man's health is closely related to the quality of the air ， which in turn is decided by the size (extent) of forests.
中级口译翻译教程(英翻中)[1].
![中级口译翻译教程(英翻中)[1].](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/b00da9e004a1b0717ed5dd05.png)
Unit 1【例1】The history of a tree from the time it starts in the forest until the boards which it yields are used, would form an interesting and, in many instances, an exciting story.（“×”号表示译文有问题，下同）×树的历史开始于森林中，直到生产为木板后被使用为止，成为一个有趣且有许多事例的激动人心的故事。
上面这句话的原文实际上主要说了两点内容：1、树的历史的起迄时间2、树的历史是怎样一回事【译文】一棵树，从它在森林中生长起直到被制成木板使用为止，这段历史会构成一个饶有趣味的故事，在很多情况下这个故事十分激动人心。
例2】There are two regulatory systems which interact. One timing system comes from the evidence of our senses and stomachs, and the periodicity we experience when living in a particular time zone.×有两个调节系统相互作用。
一个定时系统来自于我们的感官和胃的证明，就是当我们生活在一个特定的时区所经历的周期性。
【译文】人体有两个相互作用的时间调节系统。
一个时间调节系统依据感官和胃发出的信息，依据我们生活在某个时区所体验的周期性规律。
寻找对等词语和结构然后将其串接成句的翻译方法，常表现如下：1、简单语句的译文虽然生硬，但基本可读。
如：【例3】I can see three different 无效s of composers in musical history, each of whom creates music in a somewhat different fashion.×我能看到音乐史上有三种不同的作曲家，他们中每一个人以某种不同的方式创作音乐。
翻译第8讲(词类转换)(2010)
Lecture 5 Conversion of part of speechFrom today on, we’ll learn some main translation techniques. For example: Conversion of part of speech ; amplification; ommision; how to translate passive voice; how to translate nominal clause; how to translate long sentence; how to translate attributive clause, etc. What we’ll learn today is the first one, that is, Conversion of part of speech.A word in one language belonging to a certain part of speech is not necessarily to be turned into one of the same part of speech in another language. That means it may be translated into another part of speech in another language. For example: a noun, a perposition, an adjective,or an adverbial in one language may be translated into verb in another language; a verb, or an adjective may be translated into noun in another language.As we have learned, English is a noun-dominated language, which means that the noun phase has a high frequency in usage. English sentences tend to be stative. While Chinese is a verb-dominated language. This is because the different way of thinking of the two nations. English speaking people are used to thinking in abstract concepts. Thus English speaking people often express actions through abstract nouns. As these nouns imply some actions, there are hardly corresponding nouns in Chinese to match them. As a result, in translation many such nouns should be better turned into verbs. Therefore, in this chapter we’ll mainly focus on the noun-verb translation.(1) Nouns that imply some action, especially those derived from their corresponding verbs are usually translated into Chinese verbs, (and their attributives naturally become adverbials 见E和H). For examples:A)The maintenance of the existence of some rare animals has recently claimedworld-wide attention.Word-for-word translation of “maintenance of the existence of some rare animals” should be “某些稀有动物生存的保护”. It would sound very awkward.So the noun maintenance here should be translated into verb “保护”. The Chinese version of this sentence should be “保护某些稀有动物的生存，近来已引起了世界范围的广泛关注”。
中级口译教程每章重点
foreign capital 5、三资企业（中外合资企业、中外合作企业、外方独资企业） 6、Sino-foreign joint ventures, Sino-foreign coopera ve enterprise
foreign-funded enterprise 乡镇企业
township enterprise 集体企业
—3 1 Welcome 欢迎光临
1、邮电 Pos
2、感到骄傲和荣幸
be very proud and honored
3、gracious invita on 友好邀请 friendly invita on 这里的 gracious 还有① 亲切的② 优雅的，雅致的 beau ful③ 有品味的
《 中级口译教程》学习重点 — 机场迎宾 2 1 Greetings at the Airport
1. 人力资源部经理 Manager of Human Resources Division 2. top-notch 顶尖的/拔尖的 notch: 槽口/ 凹口 3. 百忙中抽空 take me from one ’s busy schedule
collec ve-owned enterprise 私人企业
private/individual funded venture/enterprise 国营企业
state-run enterprise 国有企业
state-owned enterprise 国有大中型企业
large- and medium-sized state-owned enterprise 外向型企业 export-oriented enterprise 劳动密集型企业 labor-intensive enterprise 技术
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Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译
2、Object Clauses I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him. 我理所当然地认为 ，你会来跟他谈这件事的。 We have no definite information yet as to which route he will take. 关于他将走哪条路线 ，我们还没有确切的消息。 3、Predicative Clauses This is where the shoe pinches. 这就是问题的症结所在了。 Things are not always as they seem to be. 事物并不总是如其表象。
2．That从句 例1：That he should do such a thing! 他竟然干出这种事来！ 例2：That a brother should be so perfidious! 一个作兄弟的居然如此不义！ 例3：That nobody was killed or even slightly injured in such a serious accident was incredible.
Practice: He poured into his writing all the pains of his life and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all lands. 森林给人提供木材，还能调节气候、保持水土、防风固沙、 改善水质、防烟防尘、消毒杀菌、减少噪音、美化环境、维 持及改善生态平衡。 如果没有绿色植物不断制造氧气和吸收有害的气体，人类就 无法生存。人们的健慷与空气的忧劣有关，而空气的忧劣又 与森林的多少有关。
Nominal Clauses 名词性从句
一、教学重点： 1. 名词性从句的翻译 2. 同位语从句的翻译 二、教学内容： 1. 英语名词性从句的翻译 2. 汉语复句的翻译
英语名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语 从句和Байду номын сангаас位语从句四大类。 汉语不存在类似英语的名词性从句。
1．名词性从句，特别是由what, how, whether等引起的名 词性从句，翻译比较困难。这些从句往往表达的是一种具 体概念，如“how things stand”，实际上是表达“情况” 这个概念，如照译“事情是如何站着的”就不明确，同时 也违背了愿意。 所以翻译这类从句时多采用概略法，也就是使从句陈述的 内容明确化。这样许多情况下都需要进行概括或引申。
Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译
3） Using Punctuation Marks or Specific Words Punctuation marks : colon(:), dash(---) ; expressions : “这样”，“这种”， “这一”，“即" But considering realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. 但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不正视这样一个事实: 我们 的前景并不妙。 Not long ago the scientists made an exciting discovery that this "waste“ material could be turned into plastics. 不久以前，科学家们有了一个令人振奋的发现，即可以把 这种废物变为塑料。
Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译 4、Appositive Clauses 1） Keeping the Original Order He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. 他表示希望能再来中国访问。 2) Converting into an Attributive Order or an Independent Clause It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay. 迟延应由他负责，这个事实是改变不了的。
Ⅰ. Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句的翻译 4） Changing into Sentences without the Subject An order has been given that the researchers who are now in the skylab should be sent back. 己下命令将目前在太空实验室里的研究人员送回来。 However, the writing of chemical symbols in the form of an equation does not give any assurance that the reaction shown will actually occur. 但是将化学符号写成反应式，并不意味着所表示的反应确实 会发生。
Ⅱ. Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences 汉语复句的翻译
1、Sentence Combination 门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一。 In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 我有一个问题弄不清楚，想请教你，你能回答吗？ Could you kindly answer a question which is puzzling me? 因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具。农村社会是与外界隔绝的。 这种隔绝伏态，由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重了。 The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media.
他在作品里倾诉了自己一生的痛苦和这种痛苦给他带来的一种 信念，认为如果被剥削的人们起来反抗，世界就会变得美好。 再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率 密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。 Apart from providing people with timber, forests help regulate climate, conserve water and soil, wall off wind, fix sands, improve water quality, keep away smoke and dust, sterilize (purify) the air，reduce noise, beautify surroundings, maintain and improve ecological balance. Man would not be able to exist without green plants producing oxygen and absorbing harmful gases all the time. Man's health is closely related to the quality of the air ， which in turn is decided by the size (extent) of forests.
2、Sentence Sequence 只要己发现有可能反对他的人 ，他就本能地要用他的魅力和 风趣将这个人争取过来 。 English version A: When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist. his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. English version B: As soon as he finds any possible opponent, he is, by instinct, to have an inclination for winning him over with charm and humor. English version C: The sight of any potential antagonist arouses his innate impulse for winning him over with charm and humor.
中级翻译教程
第八讲 英语的三大从句及其翻译
英语的三大从句是英语组句的重要手段，使用频率 非常高。 相比之下，汉语的从句数量少，功能弱，尤其不喜 欢在主语、宾语或定语的位置上放很长的句子，其 状语也往往不带明显的语法标志。 因此，翻译英语从句时一般都要进行调整和变通。