大学英语四级翻译专项训练

特殊的固定搭配用法
一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advice. suggest. propose) 五要求(demand. require. request. desire. insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句 的谓语动词都用："should + do"。should可以省略。
主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符 )
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在 就不会来这里了。
If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经 派他去北京了。
5.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 6.If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 7.If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 8.If he knew her, he would have greeted her.
8.If he knew her, he
her. (greet)
虚拟语气练习题答案
1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 3. If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could have met her. 4.If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.
大学英语四级翻译专项训练
主要问题
一、核心语法 虚拟语气、定语从句、主语从句、非谓语动词
二、固定搭配和常规用法
虚拟语气
一、“时态向前推移规律”及其试用范围
与现在事实相反 与将来事实相反 与过去事实相反
从句谓语 were, did
should do, were to +v. had done
主句谓语 would (百度文库hould, could, might) +v.
在错综时间句中
谓语动词“具体问题，具体分析” If you hadn’t watched television so late, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.(从去与过去时间相反，
主句与现在情况相反) If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. (从句的动作与过去事实相反，而
定语从句
句子成分 主语 宾语 定语
用于限制性从句或非限制性从句
代替人
代替物
who
which
whom
which
whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
只用于限制性从句 代替人或物
that
that
关系副词
Where的用法 在定语从句中作地点状语，代指地点。 Potato can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice. 有些太冷不能种水稻的地方，可以种马铃薯。 When的用法 在定语从句中做时间状语， 指代时间。 I shall never forget the days when we worked on the farm. Why的用法 在定语从句中做原因状语。 I have come around to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.
虚拟语气练习
1.If I were you, I an umbrella. (take) 2.If I knew his telephone number, I you. (tell) 3. If I had gotten there earlier, I her. (meet) 4.If he should come here tomorrow, I to him. (talk)
would (should, could, might) +v.
would (should, could, might) +have done
例句
I would certainly go if I had the time.(与现在事实相反) If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him. (与将来事实相反) She would have come if we had invited her.(与过去事实相反)
The professor required that we (should) hand in our research reports by Wednesday.(2006 年6月真题)
I suggested he should adapt himself to his new conditions.(2006年1月真题)
5.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we skating. （not go）
6.If I had worked hard at school, I an engineer, too. (be)
7.If he were free today, we him to Beijing. (send)
If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary wouldn’t have been caught in the rain. （2009，6 月真题）
The victim would have a chance to survive if he had been taken to hospital in time.(2006年 12月真题)