大学英语语法教程句子结构
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❖ We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here.（名词a pity） ❖ We will make them happy. （形容词happy）
❖ His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （ to teach the lazy boy a lesson ）
_______.(TEM4-2013-52) D
A. appositive (同位语)
B. object
C. adverbial
D. complement
❖ 教材14页称该现象为双重谓语。
❖ 英语里有一个句型：主语+不及物动词（非系动词）+
形容词（或名词），一派语法学家称其为带双谓语的句
型，另一派则把它称作带主语补语的句型，如：
句）
2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 ❖ Are you afraid of the snake? ❖ Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） ❖ He gave me a book yesterday. ❖ Give the poor man some money.
主谓关系：1
1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 ❖ The sun rises in the east （名词） ❖ He likes dancing. （代词） ❖ Twenty years is a short time in history. (数
词) ❖ Seeing is believing. （动名词） ❖ To see is to believe.（不定式） ❖ What he needs is a book.（主语从句）
I hate grammar.
简单句的五个基本句型
4. 主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVoO) She gave John a book．
5. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语(SVOC) She makes her mother angry．
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
Lecture one Sentence Structure
& Lecture 36 Modification
简单句的五个基本句型 1. 主语＋系动词＋主语补语(SVC)
Grammar is hell. 2. 主语＋不及物动词(SV)
Grammar sucks. 3. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语(SVO)
He felt it his duty to mention this to her. 分析：it是形式宾语，his duty是宾语补足 语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。
Xinchun returned from abroad a different man.
The italicized part functions as a (n)
（名词）
❖ Five and five is ten.
（数词）
❖ He is asleep.
（形容词）
❖ His father is in.
（副词）
❖ The picture is on the wall.
(介词短语)
❖ My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词 化的分词）
They married young.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
He died happy.
He died a poor man.
2011年TEM 4中：
宾语：1
主语：1
主谓关系： 1
2012年TEM 4中：
同位语：2
主语：1 宾语：1
状语：3（状语从句 1；介词短语做状语 2）
2013年TEM 4中： 同位语： 1 补语： 1
❖ The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
常见的系动词有: be, sound, look, feel, smell, taste, remain, feel, turn……
找出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired. ②The leaves have turned yellow. ③ Soon they all became interested in the
划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ① Please tell us a story. ② Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.
5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 ❖ We elected him monitor. （名词monitor）
❖ It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
2.谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示 主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任， 放在主语的后面。
❖ We study English.
❖ He is asleep.
subject. ④She was the first to learn about it.
4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者 代词担任, 放在及物动词之后。如：
❖ I like China. （名词） ❖ He hates you. （代词） ❖ I enjoy working with you. （动名词） ❖ I hope to see you again. （不定式） ❖ Did you write down what he said? （宾语从
❖ I don't like the picture on the wall.
❖ The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
3. 表语(predicative)(即主语补语)：系动词之后 的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
❖ He is a teacher.
❖ His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （ to teach the lazy boy a lesson ）
_______.(TEM4-2013-52) D
A. appositive (同位语)
B. object
C. adverbial
D. complement
❖ 教材14页称该现象为双重谓语。
❖ 英语里有一个句型：主语+不及物动词（非系动词）+
形容词（或名词），一派语法学家称其为带双谓语的句
型，另一派则把它称作带主语补语的句型，如：
句）
2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 ❖ Are you afraid of the snake? ❖ Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） ❖ He gave me a book yesterday. ❖ Give the poor man some money.
主谓关系：1
1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 ❖ The sun rises in the east （名词） ❖ He likes dancing. （代词） ❖ Twenty years is a short time in history. (数
词) ❖ Seeing is believing. （动名词） ❖ To see is to believe.（不定式） ❖ What he needs is a book.（主语从句）
I hate grammar.
简单句的五个基本句型
4. 主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVoO) She gave John a book．
5. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语(SVOC) She makes her mother angry．
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
Lecture one Sentence Structure
& Lecture 36 Modification
简单句的五个基本句型 1. 主语＋系动词＋主语补语(SVC)
Grammar is hell. 2. 主语＋不及物动词(SV)
Grammar sucks. 3. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语(SVO)
He felt it his duty to mention this to her. 分析：it是形式宾语，his duty是宾语补足 语，to mention this to her是真正的宾语。
Xinchun returned from abroad a different man.
The italicized part functions as a (n)
（名词）
❖ Five and five is ten.
（数词）
❖ He is asleep.
（形容词）
❖ His father is in.
（副词）
❖ The picture is on the wall.
(介词短语)
❖ My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词 化的分词）
They married young.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
He died happy.
He died a poor man.
2011年TEM 4中：
宾语：1
主语：1
主谓关系： 1
2012年TEM 4中：
同位语：2
主语：1 宾语：1
状语：3（状语从句 1；介词短语做状语 2）
2013年TEM 4中： 同位语： 1 补语： 1
❖ The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
常见的系动词有: be, sound, look, feel, smell, taste, remain, feel, turn……
找出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired. ②The leaves have turned yellow. ③ Soon they all became interested in the
划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ① Please tell us a story. ② Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.
5. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 ❖ We elected him monitor. （名词monitor）
❖ It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
2.谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示 主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任， 放在主语的后面。
❖ We study English.
❖ He is asleep.
subject. ④She was the first to learn about it.
4. 宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者 代词担任, 放在及物动词之后。如：
❖ I like China. （名词） ❖ He hates you. （代词） ❖ I enjoy working with you. （动名词） ❖ I hope to see you again. （不定式） ❖ Did you write down what he said? （宾语从
❖ I don't like the picture on the wall.
❖ The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
3. 表语(predicative)(即主语补语)：系动词之后 的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
❖ He is a teacher.