国家开放大学《人文英语》单元自测参考答案

2018国家开放大学《人文英语3》单元自测（1-8）参考答案单元自测1题目为随机，用查找功能（Ctrl+F）搜索题目一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。

（每题10分）—Ken did badly in his math test. I'm terribly worried about the result.— .A. I am so happy he is very healthy.B. Well, it is hard to see.C. Come on. It isn't the end of the world.反馈解析：本题考核“表达别担心”情境下的交际用语。

当第一说话人表达对孩子的考试结果担心时，第二说话人可用Come on. It isn't the end of the world（振作起来，这不是世界末日）来回应，而A和B不是对这句话的回应，所以选C。

正确答案是：Come on. It isn't the end of the world.—Do you have much experience with caring for babies?— .A. Yes, I do. I often take care of kids in my free time.B. No, you are freshmen. You should work hard.C. Yes, they are. They are very cute.解析：本题考核“询问信息”情况下的交际用语。

第一说话人询问你是否对照顾baby有经验，答语应加以证实，所以选A。

而B是建议性的话语，说你是大学新生，要努力学习。

C是说孩子们可爱。

正确答案是：Yes, I do. I often take care of kids in my free time.Lily is a good student except ________ she is a little bit careless.A. whereB. whichC. that反馈译文：莉莉是个好学生，就是有点粗心。

解析：固定用法：介词except, but, in后要用连词that引导的名词性从句作其宾语，所以选C。

正确答案是：thatThis movie is ________ that one.?选择一项：A. as more interesting asB. as interesting asC. too interesting to译文：这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。

解析：as...as…意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。

第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词, 其基本结构为：as+ adj./ adv. +as...；too...to 意为“太……而不能……”表示否定含义，所以B.正确答案是：as interesting asIt is said that ______ 2000 factories were closed down during the economic crisis.?选择一项：A. properlyB. approximatelyC. considerably译文：据说，在经济危机期间大约有2000家厂子关闭。

解析：properly意为“适当地”；approximately 意为“大约”；considerably意为“ 相当地”；只有B项符合题意，所以选B。

正确答案是：approximately二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）Most couples who get married or decide to live together generally plan to have children. Several years ago, people thought that having big families was common and this was seen as an advantage. That was mainly because children began working at an early age to help provide for the family. But with the changing times and with the cost of living getting higher every single year, having a big family is no longer considered to be a practical option. In fact, more couples consider that they have only one child and some do not have any desire to become parents at all.According to the Australian Institute of Family Studies, by 1986, women aged 40 to 44 years, were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children (36% vs. 27%) or four or more children (19%). However, taken together, women were still more likely to have had three or more children than to have had two children (46% vs. 36%).In recent years, women were more likely to have had two children than three or more children – a trend that was most marked in the most recent period (38% vs. 25% in 1996; 38% vs. 22% in 2006). These days, most families in Australia have two children. But the number of women who had?given birth to?a singlechild?increased progressively?from only 8% in 1981 to 13% in 2006.The U.S. Census Bureau states that there are approximately 14 million only children in America today. This?comprises 20% of?the children's population?compared to?only 10% around fifty years ago.操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。

1.正确答案是：CA. uncommon and this was seen as an advantageB. common and this was seen as a disadvantageC. common and this was seen as an advantage2. By 1986, taken together, women were still more likely to have had?children.A. lessB. more?C. no3. In recent years, women were more likely to have had?正确答案是：CA. three or four childrenB. more childrenC. fewer children回答正确答案是：BA. decreased dramaticallyB. increased dramaticallyC. remained steady5. ?Which of the following may be the best title for the passage??正确答案是：AA. Families Having Fewer Children Nowadays.B. Couples Having More Children Nowadays.C. Women Being Likely to Have More Children.解析：1. 这是一道细节题。

本题询问“几年前，人们认为拥有大家庭？”，第一段第二句话告诉读者“人们认为有个大家庭，很常见，而且大家庭也被认为是个优势”，所以选C。

2. 这是一道细节判断题。

第二段第一句话意为“而综合来看，妇女仍然有可能要三个或更多个孩子而不是要两个孩子（其比例为46% vs. 36%）”，此句表明有可能要多个孩子，所以选B。

3. 这是一道细节判断题。

本题询问“近年来，妇女有可能要多少个孩子？”，第三段第一句话告诉读者妇女更有可能要2个而不是3个或更多个孩子，所以选C。

4. 这是一道推断题。

按照短文内容，我们可以了解到现今澳大利亚大部分家庭拥有2个孩子，而要1个孩子妇女数量（increased progressively）逐渐增加，所以我们推断将来拥有1个孩子的家庭会显着增多，所以选B5. 这是一道主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，文章讲过去有个大家庭（多生孩子），很常见，而且大家庭也被认为是个优势。

但近几年来，由于生活成本逐年增长，拥有大家庭已不再是一个现实的选择，妇女愿意要3个或更多个孩子的越来越少。

而如今澳大利亚大部分家庭拥有2个孩子，要1个孩子的家庭逐年递增。

所以选A。

单元自测2二、阅读短文子问题1：A; 子问题2：B; 子问题3：B; 子问题4：A; 子问题5：C单元自测3二、阅读理解：选择题子问题1：C; 子问题2：C; 子问题3：A; 子问题4：B; 子问题5：B二、阅读理解：正误判断子问题1：F; 子问题2：T; 子问题3：T; 子问题4：F; 子问题5：F单元自测4二、英译汉子问题1：B; 子问题2：A; 子问题3：C; 子问题4：B; 子问题5：B二、阅读理解：正误判断he law defines youthful offenders (age 18 or under) as “delinquent”if they commit offenses.?As for the same offenses, the court would consider an adult as a “criminal”. “Status offenders”are juveniles who commit offenses appropriate only to juveniles, such as truancy from school. Here are a few ideas?to help prevent your children from being a delinquent. Keep your children in school to help prevent delinquency. Minor offenses, such as truancy, can lead to more serious offenses. Make clear to your children your expectations about their school attendance. Meet with school officials if necessary. Exercise adequate supervision. Juveniles rarely commit serious offenses while under the supervision of an adult. Seek the assistance of your local service agencies if you feel you cannot control your children. Attend parenting classes, or join a local support group if you are having trouble understanding how to exercise discipline. Educate your children about the dangers of drugs. Drug offenses and addiction can have serious consequences for your children. Let your children know you will not tolerate drug use. Stay informed about drug use trends in children. Get your children involved in after-school recreational activities, sports, community service or other positive activities. Young people with positive outlets for their energy are more likely to do well in school and avoid the problems of delinquency.? Know who your children's friends are. Show an interest in your children's social life and peer groups. Peer pressure may have a bad effect on teenagers and young people. Do not allow your children to associate with juvenile delinquents.子问题1：F; 子问题2：F; 子问题3：T; 子问题4：T; 子问题5：T二、翻译子问题1：B; 子问题2：C; 子问题3：A; 子问题4：C; 子问题5：A单元自测6二、阅读理解：选择题There are a number of reasons?__?回答?__. Learning another language is important for both work and travel. It is also important for making real connections with other people. Lastly, it can give you a greater understanding of your own language. Learning a foreign language would?__?回答?__.?If you work in a foreign country, it will benefit you immensely if you can speak its language because then you would be able to work with all different types of employees, and this will give long-term career success.? Speaking a foreign language gives you?__回答?__; it?enables you to see how other people see the world around them. If you travel or work in a foreign country, think how much easier everything would be if you could speak the local language. It would be easier to find different places, ask for directions, and even order food. Finally, if youspeak a foreign language you will actually __回答?___. Other languages open our minds to new ways of thinking. For example, Eskimos have more words to describe snow and ice as it is such an important part of their lives. Language is __?回答?___. It is how we share our thoughts with the world. Without language, there would be no way to communicate and express ourselves. The more languages you know, the more ways you have to communicate and express yourself. This is why learning many languages should be important, and why one language simply won't do. A. improve your own first language B. definitely enhance your chances of getting a job C. what makes us human D. why you should learn a foreign languageE.?understanding of a country's culture子问题1：D; 子问题2：B; 子问题3：E; 子问题4：A; 子问题5：C二、阅读理解：正误判断子问题1：F; 子问题2：F; 子问题3：F; 子问题4：T; 子问题5：F三、阅读理解：判断题A passenger told an air hostess that he needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. She told him that she would bring him the water in ten minutes.The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water. As a result, the passenger was held up to take his medicine. Thirty minutes later, when the passenger's ring for service sounded, she hurried over to him with a cup of water, but he refused.In the following hours on the plane, each time the air hostess passed by the passenger, she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not. But the passenger never answered a word. When he was going to get off the plane, the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passengers' booklet. She was very sad. She knew that he would write down sharp words, but with a smile she handed it to him.Off the plane, she opened the booklet, and smiled, for the passenger put it. “On the flight, you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all. How can I refuse your twelve sincere smiles?”That's right! Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person?操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T1. A passenger wants a cup of water because he is thirsty.??2.The air hostess forgot to give him the water on purpose.??3.The passenger refused the cup of water.?4.5.子问题1：F; 子问题2：F; 子问题3：T; 子问题4：T; 子问题5：F二、阅读理解：选择题子问题1：A; 子问题2：C; 子问题3：B; 子问题4：A; 子问题5：C单元自测8二、阅读理解：判断正误Lifelong Learning & Distance Education The term “lifelong learning”is very popular nowadays. It describes the need for people to continue their education and training throughout their lives. Lifelong learning is more and more important for everyone because people are now facing different career choices in changing economies. It is believed lifelong learning is a crucial response to the challenges of the global knowledge economy. Currently, most universities have reacted to the era of lifelong learning by adding new programs and services for adults who seek to combine employment with part-time study. Special arrangements have been developed for these students but the core activity of the university, providing teaching to full-time young undergraduates, often goes on much as before. Lifelong learning is both formaland non-formal; and the boundaries between face-to-face teaching and distance education are increasingly blurred. By making learning possible anytime and anywhere, distance education is a powerful tool for supporting lifelong learning. Technology-based teaching is creating new educational systems that anyone from anywhere can access. The key challenge for universities is to evolve from a teacher-centered model of education to student-centered model. The challenge for governments is that they have to develop new funding approaches and new quality assessment procedures.操作提示：句子正确选择下拉选项框为“T”；句子错误选择下拉选项框为“F”。