英美国家概况中文版英文版
英美国家概况 A brief introduction to the United Kingdom
Before
1AD. British people were made of Celtic people （凯尔特人， tribal people)
in 43 AD, British was invaded by the Roman Empire, English and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire
next invaders were the Normans from Northern France
legend of Robin Hood (罗宾 汉带领绿林好汉) ，rob from the rich to give to the poor
The
It
was independent from the UK for a long time, so still imagine themselves as independent
Many
people who think of Britain think of the English gentleman But most of the British people are not like that For example, a Scottish woman would not be like to be called an English gentleman Actually Scottish people and English people do not like each other
Immigration
was encouraged in the 1950s and 1960s 1/20 are not of European origin Some from India(印度) or Pakistan(巴基斯坦) Some from Caribbean(地中海国 家)
新编英美概况第四版课文翻译
新编英美概况第四版课文翻译概况一《新编英美概况》第四版可有意思啦，就说美国那地理吧，美国面积可大了，在世界上排第四呢。
它有个中西部地区，就在五大湖和密西西比河上游流域那一块儿。
还有北美洲的脊梁，说的就是落基山脉呀，老壮观了。
再讲讲美国的人口，1790年的时候，早期美国人有300多万，大部分都是英国血统的呢。
就好比一个大家庭，好多人都有同一个老祖宗。
而且呀，20世纪80年代的时候，美国每年合法接收的移民大概有70万，这么多人从世界各地来到美国，给美国带来了各种各样的文化和习俗，让美国变得更加多元了。
概况二在《新编英美概况》第四版里呀，讲了好多美国的事儿。
美国的自然资源也挺丰富的，不过呢，现在能源消耗大呀，石油供应都不太够了，还得从外国进口不少呢。
这就像一个人，家里本来有点家底，但花钱大手大脚的，也会不够用呀。
再说说美国的历史，美国独立战争那可是个重要的事儿，1776年颁布了独立宣言，就像一个孩子长大了，要自己出去闯天下一样，从此开启了美国的独立之路。
还有美国内战，从11年到15年，南北两边打起来了，这一打呀，可让美国发生了重大的变革，就像一个大家庭闹了矛盾，最后又重新团结在一起，变得更强大了。
概况三咱来看看《新编英美概况》第四版里英国的情况呀。
英国的地理也有特点呢，它有好多不同的民族，像英格兰人、威尔士人、苏格兰人、爱尔兰人，还有不少移民呢。
就像一个大杂烩，各种人聚在一起，形成了独特的英国文化。
英国的历史也老长了，早期有罗马人统治的时候，给英国留下了不少痕迹呢。
后来又有盎格鲁撒克逊时期呀，丹麦入侵呀，诺曼人呀等等，这些就像一部部电视剧，一集一集地展现着英国的发展历程。
再说说英国的工业革命，18世纪末到19世纪初，工业革命在英国兴起了，那时候的英国就像开了挂一样，工厂越来越多，机器也越来越先进，对世界都产生了深刻的影响呢。
概况四《新编英美概况》第四版里关于英美教育也有不少介绍呢。
美国的教育注重培养学生的创造力和实践能力呀，就像让孩子们自己去摸索着做手工一样，在实践中学习和成长。
美国、英国中英文简介
美国、英国中英文简介第一篇：美国、英国中英文简介美国简介：The United States of America is a constitutional federal republic, situated primarily in North America.It comprises 50 states and one federal district, and has several territories with differing degrees of affiliation.It is also referred to, with varying formality, as the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., the U.S.of A., America, the States, or(poetically)Columbia.美利坚合众国是一个宪法联邦共和国，主要位于北美。
它拥有50个州和一个联邦区,它同样可以称作the United States, the U.S., the U.S.A., the U.S.of A., America, the States, or(poetically)Columbia。
Since the mid-20th century, following World War II, the United States has emerged as a dominant global influence in economic, political, military, scientific, technological, and cultural affairs.Because of its influence, the U.S.is considered a superpower and, particularly after the Cold War, a hyperpower by some.自从20世纪中叶，即二战结束后开始，美国已主宰全球经济、政治、军事、科学、科技及文化领域。
《英美概况》中文版完整版 (2)
英美概况一、引言英美是世界上最具影响力的两个国家之一。
它们在政治、经济、文化等方面都具有重要地位，对全球事务产生着巨大影响。
本文将介绍英美的概况，包括其地理、历史、政治体制、经济特征、文化传统等方面的内容。
二、地理特征英美地理上位于北美洲和欧洲西北部。
英国是由大不列颠岛、北爱尔兰和其他岛屿组成的岛国，而美国则横跨北美洲的中北部，拥有广袤的土地和多样的地貌。
两国均享有得天独厚的地理优势，拥有丰富的自然资源。
英国气候温和多雨，其著名的乡村风光和城市景观吸引了众多游客。
美国的气候多样，从亚热带到温带再到寒带都有覆盖，其自然景观包括大峡谷、黄石国家公园等世界级的自然奇观。
三、历史沿革英美的历史源远流长。
英国自古以来就是一个重要的国家，曾经统治过英帝国，将其文化和制度传播到全球各地。
美国则在17世纪开始建立，经过独立战争后成为一个独立自主的国家。
英国和美国在历史上有着密切的联系。
美国的政治制度和法律体系受到了英国的影响，英文也成为美国的官方语言之一。
两国之间的经济合作也非常紧密，互为重要的贸易伙伴。
四、政治体制英国是一个君主立宪制国家，现在的国家元首是女王伊丽莎白二世。
英国的政治制度相对稳定，民主成熟，议会制度是其核心。
议会分为两院，下议院成员由选举产生，上议院则由继承、任命和制度推举产生。
美国是一个联邦制共和国，政府采取三权分立的制度。
总统是国家元首和政府首脑，由选举产生。
国会由参议院和众议院构成，代表着各州和人民的利益。
美国政治体制注重权力平衡和制衡，保障了国家的稳定和民主。
五、经济特征英美在经济上都属于高收入国家，拥有发达的市场经济。
英国是全球最重要的金融中心之一，伦敦市是世界金融的核心。
英国的经济以金融、保险、制造业和创新科技为支柱。
美国是全球最大的经济体，拥有强大的经济实力和产业基础。
其经济结构多样化，包括工业、农业、服务业等多个领域。
美国的创新和科技水平世界领先，许多科技巨头诞生于美国。
六、文化传统英美文化有着广泛的影响力。
英美国家概况1LandandPeople
Commonwealth Countries
Land and People Geographical Features
English Channel
England
largest, southern part of Great Britain 130,000 sq km 60% of the island southwest and west: plateau principal mountain chain: Pennines highest peak: Scafell (978m), in Lake
average in winter 4°C – 6°C average in summer 12°C – 17°C
English Speaking Countries Unit 1
UK Garden
Factors That Influence the Climate
surrounding waters prevailing wind - Westerlies the North Atlantic Drift
90% urban 10% rural
English Speaking Countries Unit 1
English (81.5%) Scottish (9.6%) Welsh (1.9%) Irish (2.4%) Northern Irish (1.8%) other peoples (2.8%)
English Speaking Countries Unit 1
Scots Never been conquered Safe in Highlands Speak Gaelic
English Speaking Countries Unit 1
英语国家概况-时间中文说明
1918。允许妇女参加选举National election inEngland1918 allow female to vote
1926， Elizabeth ，诞生,throned in 1952，crowned in 1953
1938，慕尼黑公约Munichagreement, AdolfHitler, / the British policy of appeasement /
1337—1453，英法百年战争，
1348，黑死病，black death。
1350-1650,文艺复兴
1351年,政府颁布法律，禁止农民要求更多的工资.
1381，农民起义，反对律师,地主，神职人员 领导者（wat tyler/
Lollards（英）基督教罗拉德派
1455—1485，英国,玫瑰战争，plantagenet金雀花王朝
1673年，颁布法律《宣誓法》（The Test Act)，禁止天主教徒担任公职,规定凡公职人员就职时必须效忠国王、信仰国教
1688 光荣革命，辉格党（反对国王,支持新教徒和宗教自由) 和 托利党（保守党前身）
1649—1660，英国君主政体中断。11年。
1658，克伦威尔去世,（1660—1685)查尔斯二世，复辟。
1485，英国文艺复兴 English Renaissance
1564年，Shakespeare诞生在Avon in Warwickshire.England， in 1564。埃文河畔的斯特拉特福
1558-1603年，Elizabeth ,伊丽莎白一世
1588年，打败西班牙无敌舰队 Spanish Armada
英语国家概况时间中文说明
英美国家概况 译文Unit 5 The UK Economy (英国的经济)
4) causes for the relative decline 相对衰退的原因
① Britain has gone into heavy debt to finance the war (selling many accumulated overseas assets, borrowing large amounts from the US and Canada) 为了给战争筹集资金，英国已经背上了沉重的债务
② British colonies which used to provide raw materials and big markets gained independence —the end of the era of empire. 过去常常为英国提供原材料和广阔市场的英国殖民地纷纷独立。
Summary of the decline:
The UK has experienced an economic decline since 1945. but this is a relative decline rather than an absolute one. Britain is wealthier and more productive than it was in 1945, but since other countries developed more rapidly, it has slid from being the 2nd largest economy to being the 6th.
2) By 1900, overtaken by the U.S and Germany.
一直到19世纪80年代，英国经济一直在世界上居于主导地位。但是到20世纪时，它被美国和德国超过。
英美国家概况A guide to English-speaking countries
Features ① frequent fog ② plentiful rainy days ③ Changeable
8
Major cities London
Political; industrial; cultural; and financial center of the country Landmarks : Guildhall（市政厅）； St. Paul’ Cathedral and The Tower Bridge of London
4
Scotland (North) Clyde River( 克莱德河） Capital: Edinburgh Tourism
5
Байду номын сангаас
Wales
Severn
River: longest river of Britain. Capital: Cardiff It has unique linguistic features: 20% of people speak welsh.
11
Belfast Famous historic city Many spectacular landmarks and monuments
12
People
2005, 60 million ¼ lives in England 7 million lives in London Descendants of Anglo-Saxons People in Wales and Scotland are the descendants of Celts.
13
English Language
1. Old
English 2. Middle English 3. Modern English 4. Standard English
英语国家概况(中英)(57页)
英语国家概况（An Overview ofEnglishSpeaking Countries）一、英国（United Kingdom）1. 地理位置：英国位于欧洲大陆的西北边缘，由大不列颠岛、北爱尔兰和若干小岛组成。
2. 首都：伦敦（London），是英国的政治、经济、文化和交通中心。
3. 官方语言：英语4. 人口：约6600万，其中英格兰占最大比例。
5. 国旗：英国国旗被称为“米字旗”，由蓝、白、红三种颜色组成。
6. 经济：英国是世界上发达国家之一，拥有强大的金融、工业和科技实力。
7. 教育体系：英国教育体系享誉世界，牛津、剑桥等世界知名学府坐落于此。
8. 文化特色：英国有着丰富的历史文化底蕴，如莎士比亚、牛顿、披头士乐队等均诞生于此。
同时，英国也是现代足球的发源地。
二、美国（United States of America）1. 地理位置：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，南接墨西哥湾和加勒比海，北邻加拿大。
2. 首都：华盛顿特区（Washington, D.C.），是美国政治中心。
3. 官方语言：英语4. 人口：约3.3亿，是世界上第三人口大国。
5. 国旗：美国国旗被称为“星条旗”，由红、白、蓝三种颜色组成。
6. 经济：美国是全球最大的经济体，拥有强大的科技创新能力和金融市场。
7. 教育体系：美国教育资源丰富，世界顶尖大学如哈佛、斯坦福等均位于此。
8. 文化特色：美国文化多元化，涵盖了欧洲、亚洲、非洲等多种文化元素。
好莱坞电影、NBA篮球、美式足球等在全球具有广泛影响力。
三、加拿大（Canada）1. 地理位置：加拿大位于北美洲北部，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接北冰洋，南邻美国。
2. 首都：渥太华（Ottawa），是加拿大的政治中心。
3. 官方语言：英语和法语4. 人口：约3800万，是世界上面积第二大国家。
5. 国旗：加拿大国旗被称为“枫叶旗”，由红、白两色组成。
6. 经济：加拿大经济发达，资源丰富，特别是石油、天然气和矿产资源。
英美国家概况(英文版)chapter 2 history of the UK
Mary, a devout Catholic, had so many Protestants burnt to death, that she is remembered less by her official title Mary I than by her nickname Bloody Mary.
Pay rent
paid rent to those gentle folks in grain, service or cash, with little left to sustain.
Middle Age
church
The Pope in Rome who could always inspire the fear of eternal damnation by expelling from the Church a king or even a whole nation, wielded great political power over the whole of Western Europe.
The second is adventure on the sea.
For the first time English ships began to explore the world and trade with distant countries. They soon came into conflict with the might of Spain who had established a rich empire in the Americas. Sea fights between Spanish and English ships were frequent, and astonishingly, the English were the more aggressive and the more successful.
英语国家概况(汉英对照)
英语国家概况(汉英对照)Isles consist of two large islands and several hundred small islands。
The two large XXX larger and is the home of England。
Scotland。
XXX is also part of the United Kingdom and is locatedin the northern part of XXX。
the official name of the country isthe United Kingdom of Great XXX。
due to its length。
people often refer to it as Britain。
the United Kingdom。
or simply the UK。
The UK is a country located on the island of Great Britain。
with its capital in London。
Another country。
the Republic of Ireland or simply Ireland。
is also located on the island of Ireland。
It occupies the rest of the island。
in the south。
It gained independence in 1949 and its capital is Dublin.Ⅱ.英国的地理和气候2.Geography and Climate of the UK英国位于欧洲西北部，是一个由四个国家组成的岛国。
英格兰、苏格兰和XXX占据了大不列颠岛的大部分面积，而北爱尔兰则位于爱尔兰岛的东北部。
英国地形多样，有山地、丘陵、平原、海岸等。
英国的气候温和而多雨，因为受到暖流的影响，所以冬季不会太冷，夏季也不会太热。
英美国家概况TheOriginsofaNation
English Speaking Countries Unit 2
Hadrian’s Wall
Roman Invasion
Romans faced three problems: 1. The Picts attacked them
periodically; 2. Saxon pirates attacked them in
英语国家概况
English-Speaking Countries: A Survey
The United Kingdom
The Origins of a Nation (5000 BC – AD 1066)
Early Settlers (5000 BC – 55 BC)
Iberians
3000 BC New Stone Age From Iberian peninsula, now Spain Communal burial mounds in Wiltshire &
Roman Invasion
The Romans occupied Britain for nearly 400 years. However, they never conquered Britain completely. The Roman impact upon the Britons was surprisingly limited. The Romans always treated the Britons as a subject people of slave c1ass. Never during the 4 centuries did the Romans and Britons intermarry. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.
英美概况知识点中英版本(精细整理)
英美概况知识点Part 1.英国的全称为：The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，这就是英国的英文全称，有时候也可以称：The United Kingdom。
一．英国四部分是英格兰（England），首都伦敦(London)，英格兰是英国面积最大、人口最多、经济最发达的一个部分。
（England is the largest, most populous and most economically developed part of Britain.）苏格兰（Scotland），首都爱丁堡(Edingburgh)威尔士（Wales），首都卡迪夫(Cadiff)北爱尔兰（Northern Ireland）、首都贝尔法斯特（Belfast）。
英国人凯尔特人(凯尔特人)作为英国本土人。
凯尔特部落从公元前750年左右从欧洲穿越而来。
C、凯尔特部落的盖尔人主要定居在北方（现代苏格兰人和爱尔兰人的祖先）。
凯尔特人的英国人。
部落（现代威尔士人的祖先），生活在原始社会。
Celts(凯尔特人)taken_as the nativeșin Britain. The Celtic tribes crossed from Europe from about 750B. C. the Gaels of the Celtic tribes mainly settled in the north (the modern Scottish and Irish's ancestors). the Britons of the Celtic . tribes(the modern Welsh's ancestors ),living in primitivesociety.盎格鲁撒克逊人英国人的祖先。
盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人属于日耳曼部落，大约在5世纪来到英国。
英国国家概况(五)(中英文版)
英美概况（五）中英文版第五章大英帝国的兴衰Chapter 5第五章The Rise and Fall of the British Empire (1688-1990)大英帝国的兴衰I. Whigs and Tories辉格党人和托利党人These two party names originated with the Glorious Revolution (1688).这两个政党名称皆起源于1688年的光荣革命。
The Whig were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Whig were to form a coalition with dissident Tories in the mid-19th century and become the Liberal Party.辉格党人是指那些反对绝对王权，支持新教徒宗教自由权利的人。
辉格党人在19世纪中叶与持不同意见的托利党人组盟组成自由党。
The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。
托利党是保守党的前身。
I. Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th Century18世纪末的农业革命During the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the "open-field" system ended when the Enclosure Act was passed. The movement lasted for centuries. Agricultural enclosure had good as well as bad results:18世纪末、19世纪初的农业革命期间，随着《圈地法》的颁布，传统的"开放田地"制结束。
《英美国家概况》终极笔记中英文对照版
《英美国家概况》终极笔记中英文对照版新版“英语国家概况”精讲笔记Chapter 1第一章Land and People 英国的国土与人民I.Different Names for Britain and its Parts英国的不同名称及其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。
4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。
(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。
英语国家概况 美国篇中英翻译
chapter 13 geography 地理位置美国的全称是美利坚合众国。
我们通常简称它为美国。
The full name of the United States is the United States of America ，Often we just call it the United States, the U. S. or simply America.1. 阿拉斯加和夏威夷是最近加入美国的两个新州(1959年)。
阿拉斯加在加拿大的西北部，夏威夷位邻中太平洋。
Alaska and Hawaii are the two newest states in American(1959年).Alaska lies in northwestern Canada，and Hawaii lies in the central Pacific.2.美国陆地面积为930万平方公里。
就面积而言，美国是世界第四大国，仅次于俄罗斯、加拿大和中国。
The U.S has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometres.It is the fourth largest country in the world in size after Russia，Canada and China.3.所有州中，阿拉斯加是面积最大的州，罗得岛最小，在美国大陆，最大的州是得克萨斯州。
Of all states of American，Alaska is the lagest in area and Rhode Island the smallest.But on the mainland Texas is the largest sate of the country.4. 落基山脉是北美大陆的脊梁，也被成为大陆分水岭。
The Rockies，the backbone of the North American Continent，is also known as the Continental Divide.5. 阿巴拉契亚山脉和落基山脉是美国的两座大山脉。
英美国家概况Feudal England
1). Causes
• Richard I (1189 – 1199):
– The Crusade; – Fighting with France; – Collecting money without stopping;
• John (1199 – 1216):
2). Model Parliament
• Time: 1295; • King: Edward I (1272 – 1307); • Means: making the Great Council a
regular agency of government --the Parliament; • Significance: restriction of the feudal and church courts
1). The Great Council
• Time: 1265; • Figures: Henry III vs. Simon de Montfort:
Old Great Council Nobles Clergymen
New Great Council Nobles Clergymen Knights Citizens
1485)
1. Formation of House of Anjou
• William I (1066 – 1087) – William the Conqueror;
• William II (1087 – 1100) – William’s son;
• Henry I (1100 – 1135) – William’s son; • Stephen (1135 – 1154) vs. Matilda; • Henry II (1154 – 1189) – Matilda’s son
famous university of Britain 英美国家概况
The London School of Economics and Political Science 伦敦政治经济学院
The London School of Economics and Political Science (usually referred to as the London School of Economics) is the only university in Britain specializing in the study of social sciences and has a worldwide raputation in the field.The school is also a public lecture venue.
famous universities of Britain
汇报人：
famous universities
Oxford University and Cambridge University are sometimes referred to collectively as Oxbridge(牛桥）. The two universities have a long history of competition with each other .
King's College London 伦敦国王学院
King’s college London as a multicultural student body and an academic reputation that goes from strength to strength. It has more than 24,000 students from 150 countries. It is the most central university institution in London.
英美国家概况Unit10Sports,HolidaysandFestivalsinBritai
英美国家概况Unit10Sports,HolidaysandFestivalsinBritai英美国家概况参考译文翻译Unit 10 Sports, Holidays and Festivals in Britain(英国的体育运动、节假日)一、本单元重点内容Sports体育:1. football (足球), “Football hooligans” (“足球流氓”) and the FA (足球协会)2. tennis (网球) and Wimbledon (温布尔登)3. cricket and “fair play” （板球与“公平竞争”思想）4. golf (高尔夫球)5. horse racing (赛马): the Grand National {（英国一年一度的）全国越野障碍赛马}the Royal Ascot (皇家阿斯科特赛马会)Holidays and Festivals节假日:1. Christmas (圣诞节) and Three traditions of Christmas (圣诞节的三大传统习俗)2. The Boxing Day and its traditions (节礼日(圣诞节后的第一个工作日)和其传统习俗)3. Easter (复活节)4. Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night) and the traditions{篝火之夜(盖伊福克斯之夜)和其传统习俗}5. The Battle of the Boyne (博茵河战役)6. Orange Marches (“奥伦治游行”)7. St Patrick’s Day (圣帕特里克节) and The Christian Trinity (基督教的三位一体)8. Hogmanay (苏格兰的除夕)9. Burns Night (彭斯之夜)10. Halloween (万圣节前夜)11. The Eisteddfod (威尔士诗歌音乐比赛会)二、本单元重、难点辅导Sports1. football and “football hooligans" in BritainFootball was invented in Britain.（足球运动起源于英国。
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Data code: US
Government type: federal republic; strong democratic tradition
National capital: Washington, DC
Administrative divisions: 50 states and 1 district*; Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia*, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Death Valley -86 m
highest point: Mount McKinley 6,194 m
Natural resources: coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, uranium, bauxite, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver, tungsten, zinc, petroleum, natural gas, timber
female: 97% (1979 est.)
Government
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Country name:
conventional long form: United States of America
conventional short form: United States
Land use:
arable land: 19%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 25%
forests and woodland: 30%
other: 26% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 207,000 sq km (1993 est.)
Terrain: vast central plain, mountains in west, hills and low mountains in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii
65 years and over: 12% (male 14,088,571; female 20,197,212) (July 1998 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.87% (1998 est.)
Birth rate: 14.4 births/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Land boundaries:
total: 12,248 km
border countries: Canada 8,893 km (including 2,477 km with Alaska), Cuba 29 km (US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay), Mexico 3,326 km
英美国家概况
第一部分 美国篇（United States)
Geography
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Location: North America, bordering both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes
Geography—note: world's third-largest country (after Russia and Canada)
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida and arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains
Death rate: 8.8 deaths/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Байду номын сангаас
Net migration rate: 3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
Languages: English, Spanish (spoken by a sizable minority)
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97%
male: 97%
Environment—current issues: air pollution resulting in acid rain in both the US and Canada; the US is the largest single emitter of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels; water pollution from runoff of pesticides and fertilizers; very limited natural fresh water resources in much of the western part of the country require careful management; desertification
People
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Population: 270,311,756 (July 1998 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 22% (male 29,952,220; female 28,560,357)
15-64 years: 66% (male 88,113,895; female 89,399,501)
note: Guantanamo Naval Base is leased by the US and thus remains part of Cuba
Coastline: 19,924 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 12 nm
continental shelf: not specified
Environment—international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 76.13 years
male: 72.85 years
female: 79.58 years (1998 est.)