河北省气候公报2016年

河北省气候公报

2016年

河北省气象局

根据《河北省实施<中华人民共和国气象法>办法》第20条规定：“省人民政府气象主管机构负责全省气候资源的综合调查、区划工作，组织进行气候监测、分析、评价以及气候变化的研究和应用。适时发布全省的气候状况公报。”现将河北省2016年气候状况予以公告。

目录CONTENTS

摘要 (i)

基本气候概况 (1)

1. 气温 (1)

2. 降水 (3)

3. 日照 (5)

主要天气气候事件 (8)

1. 大雾 (8)

2. 干旱 (9)

3. 暴雨 (11)

4. 降雪 (13)

5. 寒潮降温 (14)

6. 连阴雨 (16)

7. 高温 (18)

8. 大风与冰雹 (20)

9. 沙尘 (22)

10. 干热风 (23)

指标说明 (25)

2016年河北省主要气象灾害及异常气候事件概述 (28)

摘要

2016年（2016年1月～12月），河北省气温偏高，降水偏多，日照偏少，气象灾害种类多，损失程度偏重。

2016年，河北省天气气候特点为：全省年平均气温12.6℃，较常年偏高0.8℃。冬、夏、秋季气温均偏高0.5℃；春季显著偏高，为建站以来第二高。全省年平均降水量608.9毫米，较常年偏多20.9%，南和、永年、怀来、涿鹿4个县（市）年降水量突破历史极大值。春、秋季降水接近常年或偏少；夏、冬季偏多，尤其夏季降水过程多、强度大，部分地区受灾严重。全省年平均日照时数2358.8小时，属偏少年份。夏、秋季日照时数偏少；冬、春季接近常年。

2016年，河北省气象灾害特点为：大雾天气历史次多，秋季历史最多，12月出现历史罕见的持续时间长、影响程度重的大雾天气过程。春、夏季出现阶段性气象干旱，但整体旱情较轻。暴雨强度大、日数多、致灾性强，“7.19”特大暴雨洪涝灾害给西部太行山区造成重大损失。年降雪日数异常偏少，2月中旬出现较强降雪过程，部分县（市）日降水量突破历史同期极值。寒潮日数偏少，1月下旬和11月下旬出现极端低温事件。风雹灾害总体偏少，但6月风雹天气频繁，局地灾害损失重。连阴雨天气偏多，主要出现在夏、秋季，部分地区突破历史最多值。高温、沙尘、干热风天气偏少。总体而言，2016年河北省气象灾害损失程度高于20世纪90年代以来的平均水平，属于“偏重”年份。

ABSTRACT

Climate in Hebei province in 2016 (Jan - Dec), overall, was belonged to normal year. The annual mean temperature is higher; annual precipitation is much more than normal; annual sunshine hours are less by 131.2h; types of meteorological disasters are more, economic losses are serious.

The Feature of Weather/Climate in Hebei in 2016 are as follows: the annual mean temperature is 12.6°C, which is warmer with 0.8°C above normal. Among seasons, spring is significantly warmer than normal, and it is the second warmest spring on the record. The other three seasons are all higher than normal year by 0.5°C. The annual mean precipitation is 608.9 mm, which is 20.9% more than normal. There are four counties, which broke the historical precipitation record in 2016. The temporal and spatial distributions of rainfall are uneven. Rainfall during spring-autumn is less or near the normal. However, it is more than normal year in summer and winter. Especially in summer, there are more strong precipitation processes, which caused serious loss in certain areas. The annual average sunshine hours are 2358.8h, which are less than the normal year. Sunshine hours in summer and autumn are less than normal too; otherwise, winter and spring are near the normal year.

Summarize in the characteristics meteorological disasters of Hebei province in 2016 are as follows: heavy fog in autumn appeared the most in historical record. During 18~22 Dec, there present a last long, heavily influenced process. Drought mainly occurs in summer and spring, but the extent is less. Heavy rain days and intensity are more than normal. There is a serious flood and waterlogging disaster i n summer named ‘7.19’ which caused heavy economic losses in Taihang Mountains west. The snowfall days, generally, is significantly less than normal. There was a strong snowfall process in midmonth of Feb. During this process, there were some counties breaking the daily precipitation record in history. Although, cooling and cold day is less, two extreme low temperature events occurred in late Jan. and late Nov. respectively. High temperature, strong wind and hailstorms, dust, dry-hot wind, are all less than normal. Otherwise, continuous rainy day is more than normal year; especially it is abnormal more than normal during summer-autumn.