【资料】高中英语句子成分分析汇编
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train.
John often came to chat with me．
(程度
目的)
4.They helped the old with their housework
yesterday.
（名词化形容词，名词）
5.He pretended not to see me.
（不定式短语）
6.I enjoy listening to popular music.
（动名词短语）
7.I think（that）he is fit for his office.
找出句中主语
• The sun rises in the east.
• （名词）
• He likes dancing.
• （代词）
• Twenty years is a short time in history.
• （数词）
• Seeing is believing.
• （动名词）
• To see is to believe. • （不定式） • What he needs is a book. • （从句） • It is very clear that the sun rises in the east. • （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
若先说直接宾语(物),后说间接宾语(人),必须
借助介词 to 或 for： We bought some food for them. He showed how to run the machine to us.
宾语补足语 ---有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思, 还必须在宾语后 加上宾语补足语, 句意才完整。宾补补充说明宾语干什么,
（三）宾语（Object）
• 表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于动词和介 词后面。例如：
1.He is doing his homework.
（名词）
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming
to school on time.
（代词）
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. （名词、数词）
㈡谓语（predictate）
说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill. • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well. • He has caught a bad cold. • She doesn’t seem to like dancing
高中英语句子成分分析
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓
↓
↓
↓
主谓
定
宾
状
语语
语
语
语
㈠主语（subject）
说明的人或事物 • Jane is good at playing the piano. • She went out in a hurry. • Four plus four is eight. • To see is to believe. • Smoking is bad for health. • The young should respect the old. • What he has said is true.
或处于何种状态。 名词, 形容词, 副词, 介词短语, 不定式, 现在分词和过去分词
可充当宾补。
形容词 Leave the door open.
副词 We found John out when we arrived.
介词短语 Make yourself at home.
省略to的不定式 I saw him enter the hall.
现在分词 The boss keeps them working all day.
过去分词 I heard my name called.
（四）定语
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • His father works in a steel work. (名词) • There are 54students in our class. (数词) • Do you known betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
（宾语从句）
▲直接宾语和间接宾语
有些及物动词后面要跟2个宾语,分为直接宾语和间接宾语; 直接宾语多为物,间接宾语多为人，表明动作是对谁做的。
We brought them some food.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
He showed me how to run the machine.
主 谓 间宾
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้直宾
（五）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明动作或状态特征的句子成分
说明时间、地点、方式、因果、条 件、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
• I will be back in a while. • They are playing on the playground. • He was late because he got up late. • He got up so late that I missed the
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.
John often came to chat with me．
(程度
目的)
4.They helped the old with their housework
yesterday.
（名词化形容词，名词）
5.He pretended not to see me.
（不定式短语）
6.I enjoy listening to popular music.
（动名词短语）
7.I think（that）he is fit for his office.
找出句中主语
• The sun rises in the east.
• （名词）
• He likes dancing.
• （代词）
• Twenty years is a short time in history.
• （数词）
• Seeing is believing.
• （动名词）
• To see is to believe. • （不定式） • What he needs is a book. • （从句） • It is very clear that the sun rises in the east. • （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
若先说直接宾语(物),后说间接宾语(人),必须
借助介词 to 或 for： We bought some food for them. He showed how to run the machine to us.
宾语补足语 ---有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思, 还必须在宾语后 加上宾语补足语, 句意才完整。宾补补充说明宾语干什么,
（三）宾语（Object）
• 表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于动词和介 词后面。例如：
1.He is doing his homework.
（名词）
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming
to school on time.
（代词）
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. （名词、数词）
㈡谓语（predictate）
说明主语的动作、状态和特征
• 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • I saw the flag on the top of the hill. • He looked after two orphans. • 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; • He can speak English well. • He has caught a bad cold. • She doesn’t seem to like dancing
高中英语句子成分分析
1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓↓
↓
↓
↓
主谓
定
宾
状
语语
语
语
语
㈠主语（subject）
说明的人或事物 • Jane is good at playing the piano. • She went out in a hurry. • Four plus four is eight. • To see is to believe. • Smoking is bad for health. • The young should respect the old. • What he has said is true.
或处于何种状态。 名词, 形容词, 副词, 介词短语, 不定式, 现在分词和过去分词
可充当宾补。
形容词 Leave the door open.
副词 We found John out when we arrived.
介词短语 Make yourself at home.
省略to的不定式 I saw him enter the hall.
现在分词 The boss keeps them working all day.
过去分词 I heard my name called.
（四）定语
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
• He is a clever boy. (形容词) • His father works in a steel work. (名词) • There are 54students in our class. (数词) • Do you known betty’s sister? (名词的所有格) • He bought some sleeping pills. (动名词) • There is a sleeping baby in bed. (现在分词) • His spoken language is good. (过去分词)
（宾语从句）
▲直接宾语和间接宾语
有些及物动词后面要跟2个宾语,分为直接宾语和间接宾语; 直接宾语多为物,间接宾语多为人，表明动作是对谁做的。
We brought them some food.
主 谓 间宾 直宾
He showed me how to run the machine.
主 谓 间宾
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้直宾
（五）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 说明动作或状态特征的句子成分
说明时间、地点、方式、因果、条 件、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
• I will be back in a while. • They are playing on the playground. • He was late because he got up late. • He got up so late that I missed the
The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.