2012高考英语真题全国大纲卷及答案
2012年高考全国卷英语I试题(精编版)(Word版含答案)
全国卷（大纲版）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A.7:20.B.7:15.C.7:00.3. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话。
每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Whose CD is broken?A. Kathy's.B. Mum's.C. Jack's.7. What does the boy promise to do for the girl?A. Buy her a new CD.B. Do some cleaning.C. Give her 10 dollars.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2012年高考英语大纲卷-答案
2012普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（大纲卷）英语答案解析第一部分英语知识运用第一节语音知识1.【答案】D2.【答案】B3.【答案】C4.【答案】A5.【答案】B第二节语法和词汇知识6.【答案】D【解析】A项“请自便”；B项“一言为定，成交”；C项“没问题”；D项“由你决定，取决于你”；根据破折号后面的内容“whatever you want”可知，答话人表示一切听从对方的安排，因此D项符合语境，其它选项均不符合，故选D。
【考点】语言交际。
7.【答案】C【解析】第一空格用the特指跳高金牌，第二空格用a/an+序数词表示“又一，再一”。
故选C。
【考点】定冠词，不定冠词。
8.【答案】B【解析】非限制性定语从句中的关系词。
题干需要一个连接从句的关系词，从句中缺少介词宾语，故排除D。
when是关系副词，不能做宾语，学生容易误选when，误以为先行词是that evening；what不引导定语从句；用逗号隔开，表明是非限制性定语从句，而that不引导非限制性定语从句，故选which做about的宾语。
【考点】关系代词。
9.【答案】D【解析】make it是固定短语，意为“成功；达到预定目标”。
解答本题的关键是句中的副词just，表示刚好赶上飞机，说明萨拉“成功地准时到达机场”。
故选D。
【考点】人称代词。
10.【答案】A【解析】根据句意，托尼留给我钱，同时希望我能给他多多做事。
hope与Tony之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语做伴随状语。
故选A。
【考点】动词的现在分词。
11.【答案】A【解析】本题只要辨认出固定句型hardly…when…问题即刻解决。
固定句型hard ly…when…的用法。
【考点】从属连词。
12.【答案】C【解析】set about doing sth：决心开始做某事；set up：支起；创立；set out to do：着手去做某事，出发（旅行）；set down：记下，根据句意已知空格后面的不定式，可知本题应该选择C。
2012年高考全国卷(新课标)英语试卷答案及解析
2012全国卷（新课标版）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。
21. —Which one of these do you want?—. Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead【参考答案】A【考查内容】情景交际【解析思路】--你想要这些中的哪一个？--我不介意，都可以。
22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A. 不填; aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a【参考答案】C【考查内容】冠词【解析思路】第一个是特指完成的画，第二个是相当于副词，满意地。
23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say," because every step .A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed【参考答案】C【考查内容】一般现在时【解析思路】每一步都留下痕迹，讲的是一般情况。
24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【参考答案】D【考查内容】主语从句【解析思路】后面从句缺少宾语。
2012年全国高考英语全国卷1(大纲版含答案)
2012年全国高考英语全国卷1(大纲版含答案)2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C.A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。
ok!2012年高考真题——英语(全国卷)word版及答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至14页。
第Ⅱ卷15至16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18. 答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
2012年全国高考英语试卷(新课标)(含解析版)
2012 年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标版）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是 B.21. — Which one of these do you want? —. Either will do.A. I don’t mindB. I’m sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A. 不填; aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a23. “Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step.A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what25. I d on’t believe we’ve met before,I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much .A. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn’t that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good asC. as good as halfD. good as half as30. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. eitherB. anyC. neitherD. none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared toB. comparing toC. compare toD. compared to33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbersbefore my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.A. soB. orC. andD. but35. If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will her.A. persuadeB. promiseC. inviteD. support第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2012年高考英语(试题及标准答案)全国卷大纲(word文字版)
绝密启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至14页。
第Ⅱ卷15至16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
2012年高考真题——英语(全国新课标卷)word版有答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试题卷分第I卷(选择题）和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷第一部听力(共两节，满分30分) 略第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项琪空(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)从A. B. C. D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选硕，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B.21 .- Which one of these do you want?-_______Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填; aB. a; theC. the;不填D. the; a23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every stepA. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. which G that D. what25. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so muchA. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weatherA. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn't that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good as C as good as half D. good as half as30.1 use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comesby my house. -A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to,because they have work to do.-A. either B. any C. neither D none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music andpainting.A. having compared toB. comparing to-C. compare to D. compared to33.1 had been working on math for the whole aftensoon and the numbers before myeyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum34. Y ou have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past youA. soB.or C and D. but35. If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will her.A persuade B. promise C. invite D. support第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2012年全国各地高考英语试题-新课标卷(含答案)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至14页。
第Ⅱ卷15至16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷第二部分英语知识运用(共两节.满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、c、D四个选项中.选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21.-Which one of these do you want?- Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填；aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step ”A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what25. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so muchA. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can_ almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn't_ that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good asC. as good as halfD. good as half as30. I _use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but_ of them wants to, because they have work todo.A. eitherB. anyC. neitherD. none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared toB. comparing toC. compare toD. compared to33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers before my eyes.A. swim B .swumC. swamD. had swum34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.A. soB. orC. andD. but35. If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will her.A. persuadeB. promiseC. inviteD. support第二节完形填空(共20小.:每小1.5分.满分30分)阅读下面短文.从短文后各题所给的四个选项《A、B. C和D》中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项小涂黑。
2012年高考英语试卷(新课标)(含解析版)
2012年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标版）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例: It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B.21. — Which one of these do you want? — . Either will do.A. I don’t mindB. I’m sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A. 不填; aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a23. “Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step.A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what25. I don’t believe we’ve met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much .A. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn’t that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good asC. as good as halfD. good as half as30. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning thetrain comes by my house.A. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. eitherB. anyC. neitherD. none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared toB. comparing toC. compare toD. compared to33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbersbefore my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.A. soB. orC. andD. but35. If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will her.A. persuadeB. promiseC. inviteD. support第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2012年高考英语试题(全国大纲卷Ⅰ)答案
2012年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国大纲卷Ⅰ)英语答案1-5 CABCA 6-10 CBBCC 11-15 ABBAC 16-20 BAACA21．A【解析】本题考查交际用语。
空格处句意：我不介意。
答语的下一句提到任何一个都可以，由此可知说话人不介意。
B项表示"我确信"，C项通常用来表示事情容易做或乐于相助，D项表示允许，都不符合语境。
22．C【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。
句意：Sarah满意地看着那幅完工的油画。
根据painting 前的修饰成分finished可知是特指那幅画；后一个空格后的satisfaction是抽象名词并且表示泛指，不用冠词。
23．C【解析】本题考查时态。
句意："人生就像在雪中走路，"奶奶过去经常说，"因为每一步都留有足迹。
"本句叙述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。
此处show用作不及物动词，意为"露出，显出"。
24．D【解析】本题考查名词性从句。
句意：总统能做什么来结束罢工，这点完全不清楚。
本句中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是从句what the president can do to end the strike。
在从句中，what作do的宾语。
25．B【解析】本题考查连词的用法。
句意：虽然我得说你的确看起来很面熟，但是我相信我们以前没有见过面。
结合前后两部分的内容可知后半句引导的是让步状语从句。
A项表示"因此"，C项表示"因为，自从"，D项表示"除非"，语意逻辑都不恰当。
26．D【解析】本题考查形容词的级。
句意：结果对我们来说不太重要，但是如果我们确实赢了，那就更好了。
so much the better表示"那就更好了"。
此处是获胜与不获胜的比较，所以用比较级。
27．B【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。
句意：Mary真的很擅长在课堂上做笔记。
2012年全国高考英语试题(新课标)含答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（英语）班级：姓名:第I卷(第一部分听力30分略) 第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项琪空(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)从A. B. C. D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选硕，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21 .- Which one of these do you want? -_______Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填; aB. a; theC. the;不填D. the; a23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every stepA. has shownB. is showingC. ShowsD. showed24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. which G that D. what25. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. AlthoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so muchA. the bestB. BestC. BetterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weatherA. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn't that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good as C as good as half D. good as half as30.1 use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comesby my house. -A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.-A. either B. any C. neither D none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared toB. comparing to-C. compare to D. compared to33.1 had been working on math for the whole aftensoon and the numbers before my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past youA. soB.or C and D. but35. If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will her.A persuade B. promise C. invite D. support第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. Infact, non-verbal(非言语)communication takes up about 50% of what we really 38 .Andbody language is particularly _ 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.41 ,different societies treat the42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having4 3contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 44- . People from Latin American countries,45，touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 46 . it maylook like a Latino is一47一 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express riendship, will keep moving' 48 _. The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49一一which the Latino will in return regard as一50- .Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in thewords themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, there's a strong possibility of53. But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat othersas you would like to be _5536. A. Straighter B. Louder C. Harder D. further37. A. Sounds B. Invitations C. Feelings D. messages38. A. Hope B. Receive C. Discover D. mean39. A. Immediate B. Misleading C. Important D. difficult40. A. Well B. Far C. Much D. long41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short42. A. Trade B. Distance C. Connection D. greetings43. A. Eye B. Verbal C. Bodily D. telephone44. A. Strangers B. Relatives C. Neighbour D. enemies45 A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means46. A. Trouble B. Conversation C. Silence D. experimem47. A. Disturbing B. Helping C. Guiding D. following48. A. Closer B. Faster C. In D. away49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out50. A. Weakness B. Carelessness C. Friendliness D. coldness51. A. Talk B. Travel C. Laugh D. think52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich53. A. curiosity B. excitement c misunderstanding D. nervousness54. A. chance B. time C. result D. advice55. A. noticed B. treated C respected D. pleased第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)A Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places:. Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Manyoffer workshops for making hand-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by children's favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.. Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past fromdinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.. Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and familyvisitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kidscan discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet (木偶) making and stagemake-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around thecountry. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'llkeep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushingbuttons, experimenting, and building.. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun familyscience show, commonly found in these museums.56. If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visitA. a YoutheaterB. an art museumC. a natural history museumD. a hands-on science museum57. What can kids do at a Youtheater?A. Look at rock collections.B. See dinosaur models.C. Watch puppet making.D. Give performances.58. What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph?A. Science games designed by kids.B. Learning science by doing things.C. A show of kids' science work.D. Reading science books.59. Where does this text probably come from?A. A science textbook.B. A tourist map.C. A museum guide.D. A news report.B Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious.Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper - a little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees' nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?A. It's small in size.B. It's hidden in trees.C. It's covered with wax.D. It's hard to recognize.61. What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A bee.B. A bird.C. A honey seeker.D. A beekeeper.62. The honey guide is special in the way .A. it gets its foodB. it goes to churchC. it sings in the forestD. it reaches into bees' nests63. What can be the best title for the text?A. Wild BeesB. Wax and HoneyC. Beekeeping in AfricaD. Honey-Lover's HelperC About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio（影棚）to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path.Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.The next scene was a complete contrast(对比).The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water's edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film ”Stars”!64. Who is the author?A. A cameraman.B. A film director.C. A crowd-scene actorD. A workman for scene setting65. What made the author feel cold?A. The heavy snowfall.B. The man-made scene.C. The low temperature.D. The film being shown.66. What would happen in the "three minutes" mentioned, in the last paragraph?A. A new scene would be filmed.B. More stars would act in the film.C. The author would leave the studio.D. The next scene would be prepared.D Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will Remember itIn childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such asCinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule. that weforget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.:: The law of overleatning explains why crammingJ(突击学习)for an examination, thoughit may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.67.What‘the main idea of Paragraph 1A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.C. Poem reading is a good way to le arn words.“D. Stories for children are easy to remember.68. The author explains the law of overlearning byA. presenting research findingsB. setting down general rulesC. making a comparisonD. using examples69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables isA. a result of overlearningB. a special case of crammingC. a skill to deal with math problemsD. a basic step towards advanced studies70.What is the author's opinion on cramming?A. It leads to failure in college exams.B. It's helpful only in a limited way.C. It's possible to result in poor memory.D. It increases students' learning interest.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10"分)Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stressEverybody gets stressed time to time. 71 Some ways of dealing with stress 一like screaming or hitting someone一don't solve (解决)，much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps. the next time you are stressed:(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. TalkTo “trusted adult, such as“pare nt or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.(2) Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself. 73(3) Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business. 74 Even if you can't solve it all,you cansolve a piece of it.(4) Be positive. Most stress is temporary(暂时的).Remember stress does go away,especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it. These steps aren't magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you makeyour way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster. 75A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.B. Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.C. Different people feel stress in different waysD. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.E. You need to figure out what the problem is.F. And don't forget about your friends.G. Then, find a way to calm down。
2012年高考大纲全国卷英语试题及答案
2012年【GKZT】--大纲版--英语--含答案
2012年全国统一高考英语试卷（大纲版）第一部分英语知识运用（满分5分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1．（1分）theater（）A．treasure B．wheat C．season D．realize2．（1分）persuade（）A．usual B．insist C．sugar D．trousers3．（1分）company（）A．alone B．carrot C．money D．knock4．（1分）opposite（）A．service B．outside C．pioneer D．police5．（1分）society（）A．official B．recent C．chocolate D．difficult第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．答案是B．6．（1分）﹣What shall we do tonight then？﹣___﹣whatever you want．（）A．Help yourself B．It's a dealC．No problem D．It's up to you7．（1分）He missed ___ gold in the high jump，but will get ___ second chance in the long jump．（）A．the；the B．不填；a C．the；a D．a；不填8．（1分）That evening，___ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late．（）A．that B．which C．what D．when9．（1分）Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning．（）A．herself B．this C．that D．it10．（1分）Tony lent me the money，___ that I'd do as much for him．（）A．hoping B．to hope C．hoped D．having hoped11．（1分）I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once．（）A．when B．than C．until D．after12．（1分）We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day．（）A．set about B．set up C．set out D．set down13．（1分）Next to biology，I like physics ___．（）A．better B．best C．the better D．very well14．（1分）﹣Did you ask Sophia for help？﹣I ___ need to﹣I managed perfectly well on my own．（）A．wouldn't B．don't C．didn't D．won't15．（1分）The old man sat in front of the television every evening，happy ___ anything that happened to be on．（）A．to watch B．watchingC．watched D．to have watched16．（1分）100℃is the temperature ___ which water will boil．（）A．for B．at C．on D．of17．（1分）I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money．（）A．can B．might C．would D．need18．（1分）The manager ___ the workers how to improve the program since 9a．m．（）A．has told B．is tellingC．has been telling D．will have told19．（1分）The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are in great ___ in this city．（）A．quantity B．progress C．production D．demand20．（1分）﹣Try not to work yourself too hard．Take it easy．﹣Thanks．___（）A．So what？B．No way．C．What for？D．You，too．第三节完形填空（每小题1.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．21．（30分）Around twenty years ago I was living in York．（21）I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree，I could not find （22）work．I was（23） a school bus to make ends meet and （24）with a friend of mine，for I had lost my flat．I had（25）five interviews （面试）with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not（26）the job．"Why has my life become so（27）？"I thought painfully．As I pulled the bus over to（28） a little girl，she handed me an earring （29）I should keep it（30）somebody claimed （认领）it．The earring was painted black and said"BE HAPPY"．At first I got angry．Then it（31）me﹣I had been giving all of my（32）to what was going wrong with my（33）rather than what was right!I decided then and there to make a（34）of fifty things I was happy with．Later，I decided to（35）more things to the list．That night there was a phone call for（36）from a lady who was a director at a larger（37）．She asked me if I would（38）a one﹣day lecture on stress （压力）management to 200medical workers．I said yes．My （39）there went very well，and before long I got a well﹣paid job．To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of（40）that I completely changed my life．21．A．As B．Though C．If D．When 22．A．successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient 23．A．driving B．repairing C．taking D．designing 24．A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living 25．A．prepared for B．attended C．asked for D．held 26．A．lose B．like C．find D．get 27．A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short 28．A．wave at B．drop off C．call on D．look for 29．A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing 30．A．in case B．or else C．as if D．now that 31．A．hurt B．hit C．caught D．moved 32．A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests 33．A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life 34．A．list B．book C．check D．copy 35．A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add 36．A．her B．a passenger C．me D．myfriend 37．A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel 38．A．listen to B．review C．give D．talkabout 39．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour 40．A．operation B．speaking C．employment D．thinking．第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）第一节语篇阅读（每小题8分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．（每小题8分）22．（8分）Cold weather can hard on pets，just like it can be hard on people．Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter （住所）as they are．Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time，thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors．This can put their pets in danger of serious illness．There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe．Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad．If you have to take them out，stay outside with them．When you're cold enough to go inside，they probably are too．I you must leave them outside for a long time，make sure they have a warm，solid shelter against the wind，thick bedding，and plenty of non﹣frozen water．If left alone outside，dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter．They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere．Watch them closely when they are left outdoors，and provide them with shelter of good quality．Keep an eye on your pet's water．Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink．Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside，which may contain something unhealthy for them．41．What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1？A．They are often forgotten by their owners．B．They are used to living outdoors．C．They build their won shelters．D．They like to stay in warm places．42．Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather？A．To know when to bring them inside．B．To keep them from eating bad food．C．To help them find shelters．D．To keep them company．43．If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather，they may．A．run short of clean waterB．dig deep holes for funC．dirty the snow nearbyD．get lost in the wild44．What is the purpose of this text？A．To solve a problem．B．To give practical advice．C．To tell an interesting story．D．To present a research result．45．（8分）You may think that sailing is a difficult sport，but it is really not hard to learn it．You do not need to be strong．But you need to be quick．And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind．First，you must ask yourself，"Where is the wind coming from？Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side？"You must think about this all the time on the boat．The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail．Let's start with the wind blowing from behind．This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction．Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat．It should be at a 90° angle （角度）to the boat．Then it will catch the wind best．If the wind is blowing from the side，it is blowing across the boat．In this case，youmust keep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a 45°angle to the boat．It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind，but it shouldn't flap （摆动）．It shouldn't look like a flag on a flagpole．If it is flapping，it is probably out too far，and the boat will slow down．Sailing into the wind is not possible．If you try，the sail will flap and the boat will stop．You may want to go in that direction．It is possible，but you can't go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．This is called tacking．When you are tacking，you must always keep the sail inside the boat．45．What should you consider first while sailing？A．Sailors'strength．B．Wave levels．C．Wind directions．D．Size of sails．46．What does the word"It"underlined in Paragraph 4refer to？A．The boat．B．The wind．C．The sail．D．The angle．47．What do you have to do when sailing against the wind？A．Move in a straight line．B．Allow the sail to flap．C．Lower the sail．D．Tack the boat．48．Where can you probably find the text？A．In a popular magazine．B．In a tourist guidebook．C．In a physics textbook．D．In an official report．49．（8分）Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships．For example，in American culture （文化）the smile is in general an expression of pleasure．Yet it also has other uses．A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child．A smile may show love or politeness．It can also hide true feelings．It often causes confusion （困惑）across cultures．For example，many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper．Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places （although this is less common in big cities）．Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places；some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough．In Southeast Asian culture，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings．Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile．Our faces show emotions （情感），but we should not attempt to"read"people from another culture as we would"read"someone from our own culture．The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions．Rather，there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted．For example，in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do．When with friends，Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly．It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States．People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others．The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different．If we judge according to our own cultural habits，we may make the mistake of"reading"the other person incorrectly．49．What does the smile usually mean in the U．S．？A．Love．B．Politeness．C．Joy．D．Thankfulness．50．The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can．A．show friendliness to strangersB．be used to hide true feelingsC．be used in the wrong placesD．show personal habits51．What should we do before attempting to"read"people？A．Learn about their relations with others．B．Understand their cultural backgrounds．C．Find out about their past experience．D．Figure out what they will do next．52．What would be the best title for the test？A．Cultural DifferencesB．Smiles and RelationshipC．Facial ExpressivenessD．Habits and Emotions．53．（8分）ADDIS ABABA，Ethiopia﹣One of the world's most famous fossils （化石）﹣the 3.2million﹣year﹣old Lucy skeleton （骨骼）unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974﹣will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States，officials said Tuesday．Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice．The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital，Addis Ababa，is a replicawhile the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom．A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston，Texas，spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U．S．tour，which will start in Houston next September．"Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today，is one of the best kept secrets in the world，"said Joel Bartsch，director of the Houston museum．The six﹣year tour will also go to Washington，New York，Denver and Chicago．Officials said six other U．S．cities may be on the tour．But they said plans had not been worked out．Travelling with Lucy will be 190other fossils．Lucy，her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of herdiscovery，is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3﹣foot﹣tall ape﹣man （猿人）．53．The author writes this text mainly to．A．introduce a few U．S．museumsB．describe some research workC．discuss the value of an ape﹣manD．report a coming event54．What do the words"a replica"in Paragraph 2refer to？A．A painting of the skeleton．B．A photograph of LucyC．A copy of the skeleton．D．A written record of Lucy．55．How many cities has Lucy's U．S．tour plan already included？A．Four．B．Five．C．Six．D．Eleven．56．What was the skeleton named after？A．An ape﹣man．B．A song．C．A singer．D．A camp．57．（8分）Make Up Your Mind to SucceedKind﹣hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure．The generation born between 1980and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because"everyone's a winner．"And their report cards sounded more positive （正面的）than ever before．As a result，Stanford University professor Carol Dweck，PhD，calls them"the overpraised generation．"Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40years．Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind﹣sets that have a great effect on how we react to it．Here's how they work：A fixed mind﹣set is grounded in the belief that talent （才能）is genetic﹣you're a born artist，point guard，or numbers person．The fixed mind﹣set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame．When things get difficult，it's quick to blame，lie，and even stay away from future difficulties．On the other hand，a growth mind﹣set believes that no talent is entirely heaven﹣sent and that effort and learning make everything possible．Because the ego （自尊）isn't on the line as much，the growth mind﹣set sees failure as a chance rather than shame．When faced with a difficulty，it's quick to rethink，change and try again．In fact，it enjoys this experience．We are all born with growth mind﹣sets．（Otherwise，we wouldn't be able to live in the world．）But parents，teachers，and instructors often push us into fixed mind ﹣sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise．Dweck's book，Mind ﹣set：The New Psychology of Success，and online instructional program explain this in depth．But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children，grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure．57．What does the author think about the present generation？A．They don't do well at school．B．They are often misunderstood．C．They are eager to win in sports．D．They are given too much praise．58．A fixed mind﹣set person is probably one who．A．doesn't want to work hardB．cares a lot about personal safetyC．cannot share his ideas with othersD．can succeed with the help of teachers59．What does the growth mind﹣set believe？A．Admitting failure is shameful．B．Talent comes with one's birth．C．Scores should be highly valued．D．Getting over difficulties is enjoyable．60．What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study？A．Encourage them to learn from failures．B．Prevent them from making mistakes．C．Guide them in doing little things．D．Help them grow with praise．第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项．（每小题5分）61．（5分）Daughter：Dad．You love me，don't you？Father：Of course，I do．（61）Daughter：Well，I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper，and …Father：（62）Daughter：Well，the phone is free …after the＄50I pay is returned to me．Father：Ah，so that's the catch．（63）Daughter：Dad．All my friends have one．Father：Ah，I don't know．（64）Daughter：But the monthly charge for this service is only＄29.99，with 1，000free weekday minutes nationwide，and unlimited weekend minutes．Father：I don't know．Daughter：Please Dad．With the new phone you won't have to worry about me while I'm driving the new car．Father：（65）Daughter：The new car you'll need to buy so I can use the phone．A．Ah…what's on your mind？B．New car？What new car？C．Free？Nothing's ever free．D．What did you do to the new car？E．And why on earth do you need a phone？F．They always charge a lot for the service．G．But what is the term of the service agreement？第三部分写作（共三节，满分10分）第一节单词拼写（每小题1分）根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空只写一词）．66．（1分）Do you speak any（外国）languages？67．（1分）Rebecca was the（骄傲）of her family．68．（1分）Will you stop（打断）me when I'm talking？69．（1分）David Beckham's（国籍）is British．70．（1分）The（现代）history of Italy dates from 1860．71．（1分）Bob's（侄子）is a freshman at Harvard University．72．（1分）Alice wanted to borrow Jack's computer，but he（拒绝）．73．（1分）Her（书架）are filled with books and photos．74．（1分）What are you girls（耳语）about？75．（1分）Don't（咳嗽）more than you can help．第二节短文改错（每小题1.5分）．76．（15分）此题要求改正所给短文中的错误．先对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉．此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词．此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词．注意：⒈原行没有错的不要改；⒉答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上Dear Editor，I'm writing to tell you opinion about water saving．（76）Water is important．We，as well as animal，cannot live （77）without water and neither agriculture or industry can go （78）without it．Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less．（79）Many countries in the world find we don't have enough water．（80）To deal with a problem，I think，we should first go all （81）out to plant trees though trees will help save water．Next，no （82）drinking water should be left running．Third，we should find （83）ways to reuse the water using in washing，especially bath （84）water for which is quite a lot，and that will save much water．（85）Sincerely，Li Hua．86．（30分）第三节书面表达（30分）假定你是李华．你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会．请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要点包括：（1）时间：周五晚8点至9点（2）地点：学生俱乐部（3）内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等（4）要求：备小礼物注意：（1）词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；（2）可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯；（3）答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上．Hi，Susan，We're throwing a surprise party for Xiaoming's birthday．．2012年全国统一高考英语试卷（大纲版）参考答案与试题解析第一部分英语知识运用（满分5分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1．（1分）（2012•大纲版）theater（）A．treasure B．wheat C．season D．realize【分析】theater的音标是['θɪətə]，字母组合ea发的音是/ɪə/；【解答】答案：D 字母组合ea 在不同的单词中的发音．treasure 的音标是，字母组合ea发的音是∥；wheat 的音标是[wi：t]，字母组合ea发的音是/i：/；season 的音标是[ˈsi：zn]，字母组合ea发的音是/i：/；realize的音标是[ˈri：əlaɪz]，字母组合ea发的音是/ɪə/；所以本题选择D．2．（1分）（2012•大纲版）persuade（）A．usual B．insist C．sugar D．trousers【分析】persuade的音标是[pəˈsweɪd]，字母s发的音是/s/；．【解答】答案：B usual的音标是[ˈju：ʒuəl]，字母s发的音是/ʒ/；insist的音标是[ɪnˈsɪst]，字母s发的音是/s/；sugar的音标是[ˈʃʊgə（r）]，字母s发的音是/ʃ/；trousers的音标是[ˈtraʊzəz]，字母s发的音是/z/．所以本题选择．3．（1分）（2012•大纲版）company（）A．alone B．carrot C．money D．knock【分析】company的音标是[ˈkʌmpəni]，字母o发的音是/ʌ/．【解答】答案：C alone 的音标是[əˈləʊn]，字母o发的音是/əʊ/；carrot的音标是[ˈkærət]，字母o发的音是/ə/；money的音标是[ˈmʌni]，字母o发的音是/ʌ/；knock的音标是[nɒk]，字母o发的音是/ɒ/；所以本题选择C．4．（1分）（2012•大纲版）opposite（）A．service B．outside C．pioneer D．police【分析】opposite的音标是[ˈɒpəzɪt]，字母i的发音是/ɪ/；【解答】答案：A service的音标是[ˈsɜ：vɪs]，字母i的发音是/ɪ/；outside的音标是[ˌaʊtˈsaɪd]，字母i的发音是/aɪ/；pioneer的音标是[ˌpaɪəˈnɪə（r）]，字母i的发音是/aɪ/；police的音标是[pəˈli：s]，字母i的发音是/i：/；所以本题选择A．5．（1分）（2012•大纲版）society（）A．official B．recent C．chocolate D．difficult【分析】society音标为[səˈsaɪəti]，字母c发的是/s/；【解答】答案：B，official音标为[əˈfɪʃl]，字母c发的是/ʃ/，recent音标为[ˈri：snt]，字母c发的是/s/，chocolate音标为[ˈtʃɒklət]，字母c发的是/k/；difficult 音标为[ˈdɪfɪkəlt]，字母c发的是/k/．所以本题选择B．第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．答案是B．6．（1分）（2012•大纲版）﹣What shall we do tonight then？﹣___﹣whatever you want．（）A．Help yourself B．It's a dealC．No problem D．It's up to you【分析】﹣﹣﹣那么今晚我们要干点什么呢？﹣﹣﹣由你决定，你想干什么就干什么．【解答】答案D．A项"请自便"；B项"一言为定，成交"；C项"没问题"；D项"由你决定，取决于你"；根据破折号后面的内容"whatever you want"可知，答话人表示一切听从对方的安排，因此D项符合语境，其它选项均不符合，故选D．7．（1分）（2012•大纲版）He missed ___ gold in the high jump，but will get ___second chance in the long jump．（）A．the；the B．不填；a C．the；a D．a；不填【分析】句意：他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是他将在跳远比赛中获得再一次夺得金牌的机会．【解答】答案C．第一空格用the特指跳高金牌，第二空格用a/an+序数词表示"又一，再一"．故选C．8．（1分）（2012•大纲版）That evening，___ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late．（）A．that B．which C．what D．when【分析】句意为：那天晚上我工作到很晚，关于那天晚上的更多事我稍后会告诉你的．【解答】答案：B 考查非限制性定语从句中的关系词．题干需要一个连接从句的关系词，从句中缺少介词宾语，故排除D．when是关系副词，不能做宾语，学生容易误选when，误以为先行词是that evening；what不引导定语从句；用逗号隔开，表明是非限制性定语从句，而that不引导非限制性定语从句，故选which做about的宾语．9．（1分）（2012•大纲版）Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning．（）A．herself B．this C．that D．it【分析】句意：今天早上，萨拉及时抵达机场并赶上了飞机．【解答】答案D．make it是固定短语，意为"成功；达到预定目标"．解答本题的关键是句中的副词just，表示刚好赶上飞机，说明萨拉"成功地准时到达机场"．故选D．10．（1分）（2012•大纲版）Tony lent me the money，___ that I'd do as much for him．（）A．hoping B．to hope C．hoped D．having hoped【分析】句意：Tony借给我钱，希望我为他做更多的事．【解答】答案A．根据句意，托尼留给我钱，同时希望我能给他多多做事．hope 与Tony之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语做伴随状语．故选A．11．（1分）（2012•大纲版）I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once．（）A．when B．than C．until D．after【分析】句意为：我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家．【解答】答案：A 本题只要辨认出固定句型hardly…when…问题即刻解决．考查固定句型hardly…when…的用法．12．（1分）（2012•大纲版）We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day．（）A．set about B．set up C．set out D．set down【分析】句意为：我们开始着手油漆整座房子，可是那天只完成了房子前面的部分．【解答】答案：C，set about doing sth：决心开始做某事；set up：支起；创立；set out to do：着手去做某事，出发（旅行）；set down：记下，根据句意已经空格后面的不定式，可知本题应该选择C．13．（1分）（2012•大纲版）Next to biology，I like physics ___．（）A．better B．best C．the better D．very well【分析】句意为：除了生物之外，我最喜欢物理．【解答】答案：B 本题考查副词用法．next to 在这里是"除了…之外"的意思．因为说除了biology 之外我最喜欢的就是physics 了，所以用best．此处best是副词的最高级，修饰动词like，强调最喜欢．故B正确．14．（1分）（2012•大纲版）﹣Did you ask Sophia for help？﹣I ___ need to﹣I managed perfectly well on my own．（）A．wouldn't B．don't C．didn't D．won't【分析】句意：你向索菲亚求助了吗？﹣﹣我不需要，我已经自己完美解决了．【解答】答案C．问句中是一般疑问句式，那么回答也应该一致．回答中need是作实意动词用，在这里只是简单陈述过去的事实．故选C．15．（1分）（2012•大纲版）The old man sat in front of the television every evening，happy ___ anything that happened to be on．（）A．to watch B．watchingC．watched D．to have watched【分析】句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，高兴地看要上演的任何节目．【解答】答案A．happy ___ anything that happened to be on是形容词短语作伴随状语．而___ anything that happened to be on又做happy的原因状语，be happy to do..为固定用法，be happy to have done 表示因做了…而开心，根据句意，他高兴地看要上演的任何节目，故选A．16．（1分）（2012•大纲版）100℃is the temperature ___ which water will boil．（）A．for B．at C．on D．of【分析】句意：100度是水沸腾的温度．【解答】答案B．本题是定语从句，temperature是先行词，___ which water will boil是定语从句．at与temperature搭配，意为在…的温度时．故选B．17．（1分）（2012•大纲版）I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money．（）A．can B．might C．would D．need【分析】句意：如果我能弄到钱，我就和约翰一起去欧洲度假．【解答】答案A．can"能够，有时会"；might"可能"；would"意愿或过去习惯性动作"；need"需要"．根据句意，我和约翰去欧洲度假的前提是，我"能够"弄到钱，故选A．18．（1分）（2012•大纲版）The manager ___ the workers how to improve the program since 9a．m．（）A．has told B．is tellingC．has been telling D．will have told【分析】句意：自上午9点以来，经理一直在告诉工人们如何来改善这个项目．【解答】答案C．have/has been doing 表示过去发生的某个动作一直持续到现在，可能刚刚结束，还可能继续持续下去．根据句意，自从上午9点以来，经理一直告诉工人们如何来改善这个项目．是过去发生的动作，可能还会继续持续下午，故选C．19．（1分）（2012•大纲版）The Harry Potter books are quite popular；they are in great ___ in this city．（）A．quantity B．progress C．production D．demand【分析】句意：《哈利波特》很受欢迎，他们在这个城市有很大的需求量．【解答】答案D．quantity"数量"；progress"进步，发展"；production"成果，生产"；demand"需求"．根据句意，：由《哈利波特》很受欢迎可知，他们在这个城市有很大的"需求量"．故选D．20．（1分）（2012•大纲版）﹣Try not to work yourself too hard．Take it easy．﹣Thanks．___（）A．So what？B．No way．C．What for？D．You，too．【分析】﹣﹣不要操劳过度，慢慢来．﹣﹣谢谢．你也一样．【解答】答案：D．so what意为"那又怎么样"；no way意为"没门，决不"；what for意为"为什么，为何目的"；You，too．意为"你也一样"．根据交际用语答语的"礼貌原则"可知，题干中对方劝答话人工作不要太拼命，要慢慢来．答话人要对他人的关心表示感谢，同时也要表示自己对对方的关心，所以希望对方也这样．故选D．第三节完形填空（每小题1.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．21．（30分）（2012•大纲版）Around twenty years ago I was living in York．（21）Though I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree，I could not find （22）satisfying work．I was（23）driving a school bus to make ends meet and （24）living witha friend of mine，for I had lost my flat．I had（25）attended five interviews （面试）with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not（26）get the job．"Why has my life become so（27）hard？"I thought painfully．As I pulled the bus over to（28）dropoff a little girl，she handed me an earring （29）saying I should keep it（30）incase somebody claimed （认领）it．The earring was painted black and said"BE HAPPY"．At first I got angry．Then it（31）hit me﹣I had been giving all of my（32）attention to what was going wrong with my（33）life rather than what was right!I decided then and there to make a（34）list of fifty things I was happy with．Later，I decided to（35）add more things to the list．That night there was a phone call for（36）me from a lady who was a director at a larger（37）hospital．She asked me if I would（38）restaurant a one﹣day lecture on stress （压力）management to 200medical workers．I said yes．My （39）day there went very well，and before long I got a well﹣paid job．To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of（40）thinking that I completely changed my life．21．A．As B．Though C．If D．When 22．A．successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient 23．A．driving B．repairing C．taking D．designing 24．A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living25．A．prepared for B．attended C．asked for D．held 26．A．lose B．like C．find D．get 27．A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short 28．A．wave at B．drop off C．call on D．look for 29．A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing 30．A．in case B．or else C．as if D．now that 31．A．hurt B．hit C．caught D．moved 32．A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests 33．A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life 34．A．list B．book C．check D．copy 35．A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add 36．A．her B．a passenger C．me D．myfriend 37．A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel 38．A．listen to B．review C．give D．talkabout 39．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour 40．A．operation B．speaking C．employment D．thinking．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．主要讲述了我二十年前在纽约经历的一段艰难生活．起初，虽然有工作经验和硕士学位我却找不到满意的工作．一个小女孩给我的耳环改变了我的生活．从此以后，我列了一个感到满意的50件事情清单，并不断添加．后来我终于找到了一份高薪的工作．我知道正是因为我改变了我的思维方式，我的生活才得以改变．【解答】21．B 考查连词辨析．根据语境可知，尽管我有硕士学位和工作经验，但还是不能找到满意的工作．故选B．22．C 考查形容词辨析．successful成功的extra额外的satisfying 令人满意的convenient便利的．根据上下文语境可知，我开校车来维持生活并且和我的一个朋友住在一起，因为我没了套房．故选C．23．A 考查动词辨析．我开校车来维持生活，并和我的一个朋友和住在一起．故选A．24．D 考查动词辨析．解析同23题．25．B 考查动词短语辨析．attend the interview参加面试，根据句意可知，我参加了一个公司的面试5次，但他们说我不能得到这份工作．故选B．26．D 考查动词辨析．解析同25题．"get the job"意文"得到工作"．故选D．27．A 考查形容词辨析．根据上下文语境可知，作者发出感慨，为什么我的生活那么艰难（hard）呢？故选A．28．B 考查动词短语辨析．由句意可知，当我把车开到路边让那个小女孩下来的时候，小女孩递给了我一个耳环．故选B．29．C 考查动词辨析．saying做伴随状语．由句意可知，她在地给我耳环的时候说，保管好耳环，说不定有人来认领．故选C．30．A 考查连词辨析．in case以免，以防；or else否则；asif好像；now that 既然．由句意可知，小女孩在递给我耳环的同时说，我应该保存它以免有人认领．故选A．31．B 考查动词辨析．"It hit me"意为：我突然想到．固定结构．故选B．32．B 考查名词辨析．根据语境可知，我把一切注意力（attention）都集中在了生活的不顺上，而没有关注好的一面．故选B．33．D 考查名词辨析．opinions意见education教育experiences 经历life生活解析同32题．34．A 考查名词辨析．list清单check支票copy拷贝根据语境可知，我决定列一份我感到满意的50件事情的清单（list）．故选A．35．D 考查名词辨析．connect联系；turn转向；变为；keep保持；add添加．由上下文语境可知，后来我决定向清单中添加更多的事情．故选D．36．C 考查上下文联系．a phone call for me 意为：我的一个电话．那天晚上意为女士给我打了一个电话．故选C．37．A 考查名词辨析．根据后文，给200个医疗工作者作报告，可见地点在医院．故选A．38．C 考查动词辨析．"give a one﹣day lecture"意为"做了一天的报告"，根据。
新课标全国卷_2012年_高考英语真题(附答案+听力mp3)_历年历届试题(详解)
C. neither D. none
32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.
A. having compared to B. comparing to
C. A television talk show.
19. When did Sir Hugh's first book of records
A. In 1875.
B. In 1950.
C. In 1955.
20. What are the two speakers going to talk about next?
A. Attend a party.
B. Meet her aunt.
C. See a car show.
I5. Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave?
A. To call up Betty.
B. To buy some DVDs.
C. To pick up Daniel.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?
A. Go to a play.
B. Stay at home.
C. Visit Kingston.
14. What is Ariel going to do in Toronto?
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?
2012年高考真题试卷英语(新课标全国卷)word版含答案
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试题卷分第I卷(选择题）和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题卷上答题无效。
考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷第一部听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题·每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B. ￡9.15C. ￡9.18答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroomC. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A. 7:20.B. 7:15.C. 7:00.3. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A.Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.i5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. bne went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
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2012高考英语真题全国大纲卷第Ⅰ卷第一部分 英语知识运用 (满分50分)第一节 语音知识 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：have A．gave B．save C．hat D．made答案是C。
⒈theater A．treasure B．wheat C．season D．realize⒉persuade A．usual B．insist C．sugar D．treasure⒊company A．alone B．carrot C．money D．knock⒋opposite A．service B．outside C．pioneer D．police⒌society A．official B．recent C．chocolate D．difficult第二节 语法和词汇知识 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ___ he or she wants. A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever答案是B。
⒍– What shall we do tonight then? – ___ – whatever you want.A.Help yourself B．It's a deal C．No problem D．It's up to you⒎He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.A．the; the B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; 不填⒏That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A．that B．which C．what D．when⒐Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. A．herself B．this C．that D．it⒑Tony lent me the money, ___ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping B．to hope C．hoped D．having hoped⒒I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once.A．when B．than C．until D．after⒓We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day. A．set about B．set up C．set out D．set down⒔Next to biology, I like physics ___ .A．better B．best C．the better D．very well⒕– Did you ask Sophia for help? – I ___ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.A．wouldn't B．don't C．didn't D．won't⒖The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ___ anything that happened to be on.A．to watch B．watching C．watched D．to have watched⒗100℃ is the temperature ___ which water will boil.A．for B．at C．on D．of⒘I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money.A．can B．might C．would D．need⒙The manager ___ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m. A．has told B．is telling C．has been telling D．will have told⒚The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city. A．quality B．progress C．production D．demand⒛ – Try not to work yourself too hard．Take it easy. – Thanks．___A.So what? B．No way. C．What for? D．You, too第三节 完形填空 (每小题1．5分) Around twenty years ago I was living in York．21 I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree, I could not find 22 work. I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat．I had 25 five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job．“Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought painfully. As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earning 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领) it．The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”. At first I got angry．Then it 31 me – I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with．Later, I decided to 35 more things to the list．That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 ．She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers．I said yes. My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job．Tothis day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life.21．A．As B．Though C．If D．When 22．A．successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient 23．A．driving B．repairing C．taking D．designing 24．A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living 25．A．prepared for B．attended C．asked for D．held 26．A．lose B．like C．find D．get27．A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short28．A．wave at B．drop off C．call on D．look for 29．A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing 30．A．in case B．or else C．as if D．now that 31．A．hurt B．hit C．caught D．moved 32．A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests 33．A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life 34．A．list B．book C．check D．copy 35．A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add36．A．her B．a passenger C．me D．my friend 37．A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel 38．A．listen to B．review C．give D．talk about 39．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour 40．A．operation B．speaking C．employment D．thinking 第二部分阅读理解 (满分45分)第一节 语篇阅读 (每小题2分)(A) Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people．Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are．Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors．This can put their pets in danger of serious illness．There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe. Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad．If you have to take them out, stay outside with them．When you're cold enough to go inside, they probably are too．I you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water. If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search forwarm shelter．They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere．Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality．Keep an eye on your pet's water．Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink．Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.41．What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?A．They are often forgotten by their owners.B．They are used to living outdoors.C．They build their won shelter.D．They like to stay in warm places.42．Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?A．To know when to bring them inside.B．To keep them from eating bad food.C．To help them find shelters.D．To keep them company.43．If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___. A．run short of clean water B．dig deep holes for funC．dirty the snow nearby D．get lost in the wild44．What is the purpose of this text?A．To solve a problem. B．To give practical advice.C．To tell an interesting story. D．To present a research result.(B) You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it．You do not need to be strong．But you need to be quick．And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind. First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat．The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail. Let's start with the wind blowing from the behind．This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction．Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat．It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat．Then it will catch the wind best. If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat．In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a45° angle to the boat．It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap (摆动)．It shouldn't look like on a flagpole．If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down. Sailing into the wind is not possible．If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop．You may want to go in that direction．It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．This is called tacking．When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.45．What should you consider first while sailing?A．Sailors' strength. B．Wave levels.C．Wind directions. D．Size of sails.46．What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?A．The boat. B．The wind. C．The sail. D．The angle.47．What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?A．Move in a straight line. B．Allow the sail to flap.C．Lower the sail. D．Tack the boat.48．Where can you probably find the text?A．In a popular magazine. B．In a tourist guidebook.C．In a physics textbook. D．In an official report.(C) Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships．For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure．Yet it also has other uses．A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child．A smile may show love or politeness．It can also hide true feelings．It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures．For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper．Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities)．Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough．In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings．Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile. Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read”people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture．The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do notexperience emotions．Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted．For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do．When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly. It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States．People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others．The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different．If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.49．What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?A．Love. B．Politeness. C．Joy. D．Thankfulness.50．The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .A．show friendliness to strangers B．be used to hide true feelingsC．be used in the wrong places D．show personal habits51．What should we do before attempting to “read” people?A．Learn about their relations with others.B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.C．Find out about their past experience.D．Figure out what they will do next.52．What would be the best title for the test?A．Cultural Differences B．Smiles and RelationshipC．Facial Expressiveness D．Habits and Emotions(D) ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia – One of the world's most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday. Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice．The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom．A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S．tour, which will start in Houston next September. “Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best keptsecrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum. The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago．Officials said six other U.S．cities may be on the tour．But they said plans had not been worked out. Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils. Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 312 -foot-tall ape-man (猿人).53．The author writes this text mainly to ___ .A．introduce a few U.S．museumsB．describe some research workC．discuss the value of an ape-manD．report a coming event54．What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A painting of the skeleton. B．A photograph of LucyC．A copy of the skeleton. D．A written record of Lucy.55．How many cities has Lucy's U.S．tour plan already included? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Eleven.56．What was the skeleton named after?A．An ape-man. B．A song. C．A singer. D．A camp.(E) Make Up Your Mind to Succeed Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure．The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone's winter.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before．As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.” Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years．Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it．Here's how they work: A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic –you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers person．The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame．When things get difficult, it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties. On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirelyheaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible．Because the ego (自尊) isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame．When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again．In fact, it enjoys this experience. We are all born with growth mind-sets．(Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise．Dweck's book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth．But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.57．What does the author think about the present generation?A．They don't do well at school. B．They are often misunderstood. C．They are eager to win in sports. D．They are given too much praise. 58．A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .A．doesn't want to work hardB．cares a lot about personal safetyC．cannot share his ideas with othersD．can succeed with the help of teachers59．What does the growth mind-set believe?A．Admitting failure is shameful.B．Talent comes with one's birth.C．Scores should be highly valued.D．Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.60．What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study? A．Encourage them to learn from failures.B．Prevent them from making mistakes.C．Guide them in doing little things.D．Help them grow with praise.第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。