梭罗
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• 这本书反映出人与自然的神性。他不仅是爱默生的忠实 信徒，他是一个泛神主义——把自然界的万物都具有神 性。他坚定地认为自然界中的万物都是具有象征意义的 ，它能表达出我们的思想和感情。沃尔登的文体特征， 在美国文学史上是非常著名的.
Thoreau’s ideas embodied
in his Walden
• 4.In his opinion, spiritual richness is real wealth.
• 5. Walden exhibits Thoreau’s calm trust in the future and his ardent belief in a new generation of men.
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden
• 3.Thoreau was very critical of modern civilization. It was, in his opinion, degradiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้g and enslaving man. As he saw it, modern civilized life had dehumanized man and placed him in a spiritual quandary.
Introduction to Walden
• It came out of Thoreau’s two-year-experiment at Walden Pond. It stresses the importance of thought over material circumstance. He believed that there was the possibility for and importance of change in one’s spiritual life which is in harmony with nature.
• Walden emphasizes the importance of solitude, contemplation, and closeness to nature in transcending the "desperate" existence.
Staying at Walden Pond— an experiment with a three fold purpose
•Third, he was putting into practice the Transcendentalist belief that one can best "transcend" normality and experience the Ideal, or the Divine, through nature.
Continuing…
• Thoreau was a protester as well. Disapproved of the government’s conduct of the Mexican War（美墨战争） by refusing to pay his poll tax . （人头税） (was sent to jail one night).
Narrative Point of View
• The book is not a traditional autobiography, but combines autobiography with a social critique of contemporary Western culture's consumerist and materialist attitudes and its distance from and destruction of nature.
• Education Experience: studied at Harvard University(1833 and 1837).
• His relationship with Emerson: Emerson’s truest disciple（弟子） and friends.
• Residence at Walden Pond: in 1845, he began to take a two-year-residence at Walden Pond
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in
his Walden
• 1.He saw nature as a genuine restorative healthy influence on man’s spiritual wellbeing, and regarded it as a symbol of spirit. He firmly believes that “nature objects and phenomena are the original symbols or types which express our thoughts and feelings.” He was seen lost in contemplation of the world around.
Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau
Biographical Introduction His Major Works
a. Walden b. Introduction to Walden c. Narrative Point of View d. Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden Comparative Studies: a. Thoreau & Emerson b. Thoreau & Tao Yuanming c. Thoreau’s Idea & Chinese Traditional Ideas
• In 1835, he contracted Tuberculosis(肺结核) and suffered from it afterwards. He died in 1862 and was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery.
（睡谷公墓）
Henry David Thoreau
Biographical Introduction
• American essayist, poet, naturalist, philosopher, and leading transcendentalist（美国超验主义）
• Birth place: Born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817（美国马萨诸塞州的康科德）
Biographical Introduction His Major Works
a. Walden b. Introduction to Walden c. Narrative Point of View d. Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden Comparative Studies: a. Thoreau & Emerson b. Thoreau & Tao Yuanming c. Thoreau’s Idea & Chinese Traditional Ideas
Walden presented Thoreau's unusual interest in nature and showed his individualism which inherited from American Puritanism. The book described the author's extremely simple life and regeneration he experienced when he lived near the Walden pond where he put Emerson's Transcendental doctrines into practice in the actual life.
•First, he was escaping the dehumanizing effects of the Industrial Revolution by returning to a simpler, agrarian lifestyle.
•Second, he was simplifying his life and reducing his expenditures, increasing the amount of leisure time in which he could work on his writings.
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden
• 2.Thoreau has faith in the inner virtue and inward, spiritual grace of man. He holds that the most important thing for men to do with their lives is to be self-sufficient and strive to achieve personal spiritual perfection. So he has been regarded as a prophet of individualism in American literature.
Walden
• type of work ·Essay
• genre ·Autobiography; moral philosophy; natural history; social criticism
• time and place written ·1845–1854, Walden Pond, near Concord, Massachusetts
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden
• So Walden is a faithful record of his reflections when he was in solitary communion with nature, an eloquent indication that he not only embraced Emerson’s Transcendentalist philosophy but went even further to illustrate the pantheistical（泛神论的） quality of nature.
• That the book is not simply a criticism of society, but also an attempt to engage creatively with the better aspects of contemporary culture, is suggested both by Thoreau's proximity to Concord society and by his admiration for classical literature.
• date of first publication ·1854
• narrator ·Henry David Thoreau
• Walden: description of his life near the pond called Walden belonging to Emerson. The author lived there for nearly two years with only an axe at the beginning. This book was a failure in his own time but became very popular in the 20th century.
Thoreau’s ideas embodied
in his Walden
• 4.In his opinion, spiritual richness is real wealth.
• 5. Walden exhibits Thoreau’s calm trust in the future and his ardent belief in a new generation of men.
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden
• 3.Thoreau was very critical of modern civilization. It was, in his opinion, degradiห้องสมุดไป่ตู้g and enslaving man. As he saw it, modern civilized life had dehumanized man and placed him in a spiritual quandary.
Introduction to Walden
• It came out of Thoreau’s two-year-experiment at Walden Pond. It stresses the importance of thought over material circumstance. He believed that there was the possibility for and importance of change in one’s spiritual life which is in harmony with nature.
• Walden emphasizes the importance of solitude, contemplation, and closeness to nature in transcending the "desperate" existence.
Staying at Walden Pond— an experiment with a three fold purpose
•Third, he was putting into practice the Transcendentalist belief that one can best "transcend" normality and experience the Ideal, or the Divine, through nature.
Continuing…
• Thoreau was a protester as well. Disapproved of the government’s conduct of the Mexican War（美墨战争） by refusing to pay his poll tax . （人头税） (was sent to jail one night).
Narrative Point of View
• The book is not a traditional autobiography, but combines autobiography with a social critique of contemporary Western culture's consumerist and materialist attitudes and its distance from and destruction of nature.
• Education Experience: studied at Harvard University(1833 and 1837).
• His relationship with Emerson: Emerson’s truest disciple（弟子） and friends.
• Residence at Walden Pond: in 1845, he began to take a two-year-residence at Walden Pond
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in
his Walden
• 1.He saw nature as a genuine restorative healthy influence on man’s spiritual wellbeing, and regarded it as a symbol of spirit. He firmly believes that “nature objects and phenomena are the original symbols or types which express our thoughts and feelings.” He was seen lost in contemplation of the world around.
Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau
Biographical Introduction His Major Works
a. Walden b. Introduction to Walden c. Narrative Point of View d. Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden Comparative Studies: a. Thoreau & Emerson b. Thoreau & Tao Yuanming c. Thoreau’s Idea & Chinese Traditional Ideas
• In 1835, he contracted Tuberculosis(肺结核) and suffered from it afterwards. He died in 1862 and was buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery.
（睡谷公墓）
Henry David Thoreau
Biographical Introduction
• American essayist, poet, naturalist, philosopher, and leading transcendentalist（美国超验主义）
• Birth place: Born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817（美国马萨诸塞州的康科德）
Biographical Introduction His Major Works
a. Walden b. Introduction to Walden c. Narrative Point of View d. Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden Comparative Studies: a. Thoreau & Emerson b. Thoreau & Tao Yuanming c. Thoreau’s Idea & Chinese Traditional Ideas
Walden presented Thoreau's unusual interest in nature and showed his individualism which inherited from American Puritanism. The book described the author's extremely simple life and regeneration he experienced when he lived near the Walden pond where he put Emerson's Transcendental doctrines into practice in the actual life.
•First, he was escaping the dehumanizing effects of the Industrial Revolution by returning to a simpler, agrarian lifestyle.
•Second, he was simplifying his life and reducing his expenditures, increasing the amount of leisure time in which he could work on his writings.
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden
• 2.Thoreau has faith in the inner virtue and inward, spiritual grace of man. He holds that the most important thing for men to do with their lives is to be self-sufficient and strive to achieve personal spiritual perfection. So he has been regarded as a prophet of individualism in American literature.
Walden
• type of work ·Essay
• genre ·Autobiography; moral philosophy; natural history; social criticism
• time and place written ·1845–1854, Walden Pond, near Concord, Massachusetts
Thoreau’s ideas embodied in his Walden
• So Walden is a faithful record of his reflections when he was in solitary communion with nature, an eloquent indication that he not only embraced Emerson’s Transcendentalist philosophy but went even further to illustrate the pantheistical（泛神论的） quality of nature.
• That the book is not simply a criticism of society, but also an attempt to engage creatively with the better aspects of contemporary culture, is suggested both by Thoreau's proximity to Concord society and by his admiration for classical literature.
• date of first publication ·1854
• narrator ·Henry David Thoreau
• Walden: description of his life near the pond called Walden belonging to Emerson. The author lived there for nearly two years with only an axe at the beginning. This book was a failure in his own time but became very popular in the 20th century.