英语国家概况复习资料

1. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in Scotland.

2. British climate has more rainy days and more fogs with changeability.

3. British has a temperate, maritime climate

4. Britain's most important natural resources are coal and petroleum.

5. The English people are descendants of Anglo-Saxons.

6. The established church of Britain is the Church of England.

7. The major languages spoken in Britain are English, Gaelic, and Welsh.

8. The Roman Catholic Church was much persecuted in England for a long time after the

Reformation.

9. By the 1890s', Britain had been overtaken by the US and Germany in economy.

10. Under Mrs. Thatcher, British economy in the 1980s' gradually recovered.

11. The negative aspect of Thatcher's reform was a rapid increase in taxation.

12. The Bank of England advises government on the formulation of monetary policy and

plays an important part in making agreed policy effective and acts as a clearing

house.

13. Britain has no written constitution, and still keeps an old-fashioned government.

British government is established on the basis of constitutional monarchy.

14. The British government ministers are responsible to Parliament for the work of their department.

15. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen Elisabeth Ⅱ, and Prince Charles is the heir to the throne.

16. Theoretically, the Queen has all the power, but in reality, she must act on the advice of the ministers.

17. The Liberal Democratic is seen as the party of the "middle", occupying the

ideological ground between the two main parties.

18. The general election in Britain is held every 5 years.

19. The Conservative Party developed out of the Tory Party, while the Liberal Party developed out

of the Whig Party.

20. Punishment in Britain is in the form of fine and imprisonment. The death penalty for

murder was completely abolished in the year of 1969.

21. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the Iberians.

22. Kent, one of the British early kingdoms, was set up by the Jutes.

23. The Romans under Claudius conquered Britain in A.D. 43.

24. Henry Ⅱis best remembered for his reform of laws and courts.

25. Edward Ⅲlaunched the Hundred Years' War.

26. Wars of Roses were fought intermittently between the Lancastrians and the Yorkists

from 1455 to 1465.

27. The Enclosure of land turned a large number of peasants into landless.

28. The Restoration of Charles Ⅱtook place in the year of 1660.

29. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the textile industry.

30. James Hargreaves invented the "spinning Jenny".

31. After the Seven Years’ War England became the strongest sea power and dominated world trade.

32. Oliver Twist was written by Charles Dickens.

33. The British Empire reached the peak of its colonial expansion after the Anglo-Boer